Thunday, July 26, 1962

Farm Census Points To Changes

Horse Of A Different Color

Information revealed by the 1961 farm censuji fifures for Pitt County reflect a continuing change in the agricultural picture of the county, and in part reflect the change it is bringing about in the economy of the county as a whole.

Removal of more than twice the normal annual amount of farm land to other uses suggests a more

Wait And See On Ram Neuse

By MIRIAM MAYNARD

KlMtoa Daily Free Press Gvest Cotamoist

SAGA Tbe na] chapter In the safe of the Confedrate Ram Neuse. whatever its plot, could not but ccne as an anticlimax to the exciting, often spine-UngUng and always sus* penaeful histOTy oi the vessel.

The saga, which is by no means cmnplete, began in 1862 when construction the boat, a sister ship ci the CSS Albemarle, got underway at White I^, now Seven Springs, about ITtniles smith of Kin^on on the Neuse river.

In December. 1862, Union gen* eral John G. Fosters troops found the Ram Neuse in dry dock at White Hall but succeeded in damaging the ship only slightly. She was repaired and floated to Kinston for fitting out. arming and iron-plating.

About March 10, 1865, Capt. Joseph Price. CSN, commanding the Neuse was mtlered to move down river against the Union army. The CSS Neuse. still un* complied, was grounded m a sandbar, however, and would not budge. Capt. Price ordered that the vessel be set afire and abandoned to prevent her capture by the advancing Union forces. A canhon, overheated by the fire, exploded, ripping a large bole in the ships side. 8he sank rapidly in several feet of wider. There she remained, sinking deeper and deeper into the sand. ,

RAISEThe saga now moves ahead three quarters of a century to April 13. 1940. On that date the Corps of Engineers wrrte Mrs. W. D. Pollock of Wilson, daughter of Confederate Gen. R. F. Hoke, that it would cost an estimated $20.000 to raise the remains of the Neuse and place them ashore. The Corps added that because of its present condition he the district engineer) does not consider it practicable to raise the remains ctf the hull ntact.

Efforts of Mrs. Pollock and other members of the DC to have the Ram Neuse raised were halted following this letter.

Some two decades later in November. 1961. three Kinston area men equipped with large amounts of hope, enterprise, derrlng do. a sometimes crotchety dragline, a few other pieces of temperamental machinery and vlaions of making a qui^ dollar, set about digging the Ram Neuse out (rf her sand and silt grave.

The three a logger, a mechanic and a dragline opera-tw had not read the opinion of the Corps of Engineers. They had toe notion the vessel was only aboik 40 feet long and 20 feet wide and thought they could complete the project in a week. Records indicate the CSS Neuse was 152 feet long and drew nine feet when loaded.

FLOAT Prom the first. Operation Ram Neuse attracted throngs of interested, if sometimes sctrffing. onlookers. The salvage crew was plagued by inadequate equipment and funds and lack of know how. The project went forward slowly, financed by on-the-sitc contributicms, the local Centennial Committee and funds raised by the Jaycees. Local businessmen donated equipment.

Despite many problems, the salvagers managed to partially float the Ram Neuse on oil-drum pontoons in mid-December. It was a spine tingling

incident for about 50 spectators who braved near-freeziiig weiLtber.

The salvage crew has since agreed to sell to the Centennial Committee the artifacts recovered from the boat for ^,000 and has oiHianed to release Its claim to the Neuse to the committee for an additional $7,000 when the ship is located on a permanent site. The artifacts have been turned over to the committee and the $8,000 paid.

STILLThe Ram Neuse Is still in the river. Many of her pontoons have drifted away with parts of the boat attached to some of them. The Neuse is slowly sinking back onto the bottom. Vandals have carried off souvenirs.

That was in February.

It has been estimated that some $84,000 will be required to finance the removal and presentation of the boat and con-structicm of a shelter-museum for it. The Richard Caswell memorial park, located on toe Neuse a short distance from Kinston, has been suggested as a permanent site.

Neither toe city nor the county iqipears interested in completing the project right away. Sentiment in the county is reported three to one against spending public funds for it. '

The county commissioners, whose reactions to the project have ranged downward fnn tepid to cold, earlier this year named State Sen. and .county attorney Thomas J. White chairman of the local centennial committee. Whites appointment w'as predicted, it was said by Dee Whitfield, chairman of the board of commissioners, on the theory that he would be able to stalemate the Ram Neuse proiect for a year or two.

White has consistently plumped for public subscriptions to finance the Ram Neuse work, urging local businessmen, whom he feels would benefit more than anyone else "to put their mcHiey where their mouths are He has advocated an intensive fund-raising campaign but, as chairman of the committee that would conduct the campaign (a committee that has not yet convened to discuss the matter) has taken no action to implement his proposal.

INTEREST - There is considerable interest in the Ram Neuse among area folk. There appears to be more, however, among areas of other areas. At the height of the effort to recover tht Ram Neuse, thousands of people from near and far visited the site. It was estimated that more visitors watched the project than visited the U.S.S. North Carolina at WU-mington.

The visitors are still coming. Nowadays, however, they leave disappointed not in the boat, but in the failure of the community to do something about It. in the creeping inertia that prevails in respect to the proj-cot

Most North Carolina towms are anxious, and growing more so, to cash in on the tremendously Increased tourist Industry in the state. Almost every community that is fortunate enough to have a sight worth seeing, or even a reputation for historic significance has capitalized on it, or Is making preparations to do so.

RAMThe Confederate Ram Neu.se is a one-of-a-kind exhibit. It is said to be the largest Continued on page flve>

I

rapid growth of the countys non-farm areas and activities during the year 1961. Changes in the amount of land devoted to particular crops, and the amount of livestoek and poultry on Pitt farms reflected other transitions which are underway in the countys agricultural set-up.

The farm census also indivatesat least in one sensethe effect these changes are having on the people who farm for a livelihood in. this county. During 1961, the figures reveal, there were 471 fewer persons living on farmland tracta in Pitt than there were a year earlier. During 1961 also, some 1,738 persons who were living on the farms worked 100 or more days in non-farm occupations. Thii Was an increase of more than 100 individuals compared with the previous year.

For a number of years the residents of this and similar areas have been aware of the migration of people from the farms to the urban areas. Census figures for the period from 1950 to 1960 reflected the sharp decline in farm population. If it can be supposed that the figures for 1961 will reflect the average yearly migration from the farms in Pitt during this decade, there will be some 5,000 fewer people living on farms in this county in 1970 than there were in 1960.

This change not only affects the agricultural picture in the county, it effects the entire economic and social structure. Those who leave the farms must find living quarters and jobs elsewhere. If the other jobs are not available within the county, they are forced to mipate to other areas in quest of new job opportunities to provide a living for themselves and their families.

In an area such as Pitt where farming is of primary importance, the information revealed in the annual farm census is important not only to those engaged directly in agriculture, but to all the citizens of The county.

Pilot Study Of Shell Dredging Reasonable

The matter of shell dredging in the Albemarle and Currituck Sounds, like phosphate mining in the Pamlico and Pungo Rivers, has become a highly controversial matter between citizens who see the ventures as the opening to new economic development and those who see them as a threat to the water resources of the areas involved.

In the shell dredging case, the proposal of a pilot study of the effects of the operation is now being bitterly attacked by those opposed to the operations.

It appears to us, however, that the pilot study is a reasonable approach to the proposed operation. Through such a study the effects of the operations on the water areas involved could be fairly accurately determined. Without a pilot study, those for

ViHY POHfT YOU EVER.

TALK about

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GET OOT Mb

LET UVT

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HAVE EAVr.. BERLIN!

By PATRICIA MOORE

?ood Neednt Be DuL

It WM our pleasure the other day to have a lengthy discussion on cooking with a new bride. She was talking to us because we were once a bride ourselves, and had to accustome oursdves to cooking.

After a nice consultation on how to buy meats, etc. we referred her to a good cookbook), we entered the field of broiling meats and just what you can broil. Thats our field because we broil everything.

Along came another young lady who also broils. She was a high advocate of broiling things instead of frying them.

Together we converted the bride. She bravely decided to broil her meat that night. The

other young lady walked confidently away and we sat smugly at this typewriter, thinking how nice it would be hearing how her broiling turned out and giving helpful hints.

Then along came hubby. I dont like anything broiled, he casually said.

All that wasted conversation and conversion.

However, it carried out one very strong theory of ours. And that is, that every bride should try out her cooking innovations during the first two weeks of married life, because at that time the husband is still so new that he doesnt want to hurt the brides feelings.

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The proposed pilot undertaking would be care- j fully observed, data recorded, and the effects upon t the w^aters involved evaluated. If harmful effects were discovered, the operation could be terminated within 24 hours, and thus assure ample protection for the waters, fish and wildlife.

North XaroKna must be careful to conserve its natural resources, but at the same time it is important that the state and its individual areas take steps to develop these resources.

Blind opposition to new changes and new ideas for developing these resources can be just as dangerous for the state and its future welfare as complete disregard for conserving the priceless natural resources North Carolina has.

and against the operation will speculate about the ^

results without really giving the operation the acid "101 EC 1 OfS SCLVinC

Makes A Difference

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The Daily Reflector

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By JAMES MARLOW

WASHINGTON (AP) President Eisenhower got a lot more help from the Democrats in Congress in his first 18 months than the Republicans have given President Kennedy.

Eisenhower said thanks to the Democrats in public. Kennedy is beginning to lean on the Republicans. They expressed themselves in different ways.

Twice after the 1963 congressional session and again after the one in 1954 Eisenhower in broadcasts to the people reported gratefully how Congress treated his programs.

Kennedy has never made such a report. He had practically no criticism of the Republicans last year. But now hes getting heated although only in news conferences. The one this week was an example.

Theres political Irony, and embarrassment for Kennedy, in the two situations.

In Eisenhower's first two years Republicans so thinly outnumbered Democrats that the latter, if they had been so-ninded, with the help of just a few Republican deserters, could have been a wrecking crew.

Under Kennedy the Democrats in Congress enormously outnumber Republicans. By voting together, they could have rammed through any Kennedy program, even if Republicans solidly voted against. The Democrats didnt stick together.

Whole batches of them deserted party ranks to join the Republicans, who unlike the Democrats in Elsenhowers time have ganged up to annihilate most of the Presidents projects

In his broadcasts Eikenhower, like a typical politician, didnt want to give the Democrats any unnecessary advertising. So, even while praising them, he avoided mentioning Democrats name.

11 1953 he praised the unprecedented unity that crosses party lines and the high sense of duty in the Congress he dealt with.

Actually, the Democrats beat him to it in claiming credit for help.

Lyndon B. Johnson, now vice president but then Democratic leader in the Senate, said;

!Demos

Practically every major Item of the President's program had been supported by the Democrats and much of it could not have been passed without the Democrats.

Eisenhowers broadcast gratitude in 1954 was politically remarkable, coming as it did at the start of that years congressional election campaigns.

He said he saluted Congress for its work and its almost unprecedented coordination between House and Senate. He was particularly thankful for the cooperation between Congress and the White House.

He claimed 54 hits out of 64 "legislative projects for a batting average of .830.

The elections that year were tremendously important and, as it turned out. fateful for the Republicans because in 1954 this was the party lineup In Congress:

In the Senate 48 Democrats, 47 Republicans, one independent; in the House 219 Republicans. 215 Democrats, and one independent.

That year the Republicans loat control of Congress to the Democrats, who have beaten them in every election since.

Now this is the lineup in the Democratic-run Congress Kennedy deals with: in the Senate

64 Democrats, 35 Republicans, one vacancy; In the House

262 Democrats, 174 Republicans. one vacancy.

Kennedy as his legisltive frustrations pile up is increasingly caustic about the Republicans and Is even getting a little critical of the Democrats who joined the Republicans against him.

His criticism comes just as the 1962 congressional election camnaigns get under )^ay.

At his news conference this week, he said Republicans, with very few exceptions, had opposed every measure that we put forw'ard and were joined by some Democrats who. for a great many years, have opposed a good many Democratic programs,

He sdunded wistful as he said: Now we don't get any Republicans any more for any measure except for foreign ones like aid and trade- and even there the Republican! leadership opposed us. ,

(Washington Daily News)

According to Dr. Wiiam Archie, where one lives makes a distinct difference in the matter of ones ability to acquire a higher education.

For instance, there are 66 North Carolina counties today that have no facilities for higher education within their borders, In these counties today about 31 per cent of the graduating class can be expected to attend college next September.

Then there are 34 counties that do have higher education plants and the percentages change considerably in these counties. Where a county has one college, the percentage can be expected to jump up to about 42. But where there are more thah one college almost half the graduating seniors can be expected to enter college.

So where a youngster lives does make a different. East Carolina College is located in Pitt County. And thus we can expect Pitt county seniors to attend college with greater numbers than we can expect seniors from Hyde county.

But move up to Wake county where there are several colleges. In this county can be found N. C. State, Meredith, Peace, and Shaw. It can be expected that almost half of Wake countys seniors of last year will attend college this September.

We realize full well that not all seniors prepare themselves for college work regardless of where they live. There are some seniors who cannot possibly do college work even if they had the opportunity. There are some who do not have the financial ability to attend even when the college is next door.

But by and large, thousands of seniors today in North Carolina would like to attend college but they will be unable to do so. If a college were locat

ed at home, they might attend.

To our way of thinking the very statistics themselves offer a terrific argument in favor of community colleges. But is it not the community college as such that conceiTis us as greatly now. What is so vital is the individual the human being. The boy or the girl who finds it impossible to go to college is of great concern, and in North Carolina today we need to face the truths so evident before us in this picture.

Thirty-four counties in North Carolina ought to consider themselves very lucky. And students in those counties who find it possible to attend college who otherwise could not attend ought to consider themselves lucky too. I

It would be impossible and Impractical to establish a community college in every county of the state. They could not be staffed properly, and they could not be run efficiently.

Here today in Beaufort county we have an opportunity to establish a one-year branch of East Carolina College. Think of one point and one point only In this matter what is it worth?

We just cannot afford to fall In our venture now. If we fall, we are not merely falling as a community, but we are failing many boys and girls who are our own.

We are told that within the span of a lifetime a college graduate can be expected to make $90.000 more than a non-college person. That alone means that one day the college student will pay back in taxes more than the state spent on his or her education.

A college education does one dynamic thing it develops leadership. That we need today in Beaufort county so very much.

One might discern from this conversation that food, though a Tiecessity, need not be dull. On the other hand, it can be troublesome, interesting and in some cases a battle of wits.

And fattening.

Opinions

We note with' vast interest the fact that the Congolese financial wijsards anticipate income of $150 million and plan expenditure of $382 million. Evidently the boys have pondered the economic theories of the New Frontier and gone them some better. Memphis Commercial Appeal.

The trouble with human nature Is that we are usually too fond of people who agree with us and of food that doesnt. Greenville (S.C.) Piedmont.

Our food budget now runs out about the 20th of every month. Seems like its about time they changed the calendar.Elberton iGa.) Star.

Steady viewing of television may not be bad for the eyes, but it poses a problem of what to do with all the beer cans.Boston Globe.

After that time, husbands seem to quickly assert themselves as to what will be cooked and what will not be cooked in the kitchens over which they are lord and master.

All this raised several interesting little facts about cooking and husbands.

In our experience we have been told about several husbands who have avid aversions to onions, celery, garlic one or all.

And that, we say, is one problem that need not be. Hidden In the best of cabinets are little containers of onion salt, celery salt and garlic salt. One just slips It out and uses It while the husband Isnt looking. But. agility is the important element here.

We might advance another little secret we gleaned a few years back, which has worked before but not exactly as it was planned.

If a child abhors milk, then a simple drop or two of food coloring will change the milky hue and you have a different situation altogether. We arent sure about the affect of the food coloring on the milk and the person Involved will have to settle this matter alone. The main problem here probably will be convincing the child that the milk isnt poison.

Family Is Of

Value

By GEORGE E. SOKOLSKY Copyright, 1962, King Features Syndicate, Inc.

In the early days of the Bolshevik Revolution tjie institution ot marriage was regarded as largely statistical. It was only necessary to register a marriage or a divorce to keep the vital statistics straight. The family was regarded as a capitalistic anachronism, as a custom dragged up from the Middle Ages. ChUdren were encouraged to spy on their parents in the Interest of the party. The Ten Commandments, with all the stuff about honoring thy father and thy mother, was accepted as part of the religious machinery to keep the masses enslaved.

After 45 years, the Communists are discovering that the family is a valuable institution beneficial not only to the Individual but to the state. In Soviet Russia, for a long time, marriage has been expected to be Inviolate and divorce Increasingly (llfflcult.

Now, according to this Insiders Newsletter. East Germany is drafting a new marriage law which will require couples to file an application for marriage one month In advance of the ceremony to permit a cooUng-off period. Once wed, the couples will find It virtually Impossible to br ak the bonds, except for physical cruelty or chronic adultery. Under the new regulations, the guilty party in a divorce suit will be unable to remarry for at least three years.

This is a very tough break for the ^chronic adulterer. Even In our society, the adulterer can find a way to get a divorce somewhere and almost Immediately remarry and then go out and adult some more. He may continue this process ad infinitum or until he runs out of cash to pay alimony.

Poland is reported to have the longest marriage expectancy rate. This must be due to the prolongation of the Influence of the Roman Catholic Church in that country. Still and all, the marriage expectancy rate for Poland is only 18 years which Is not so very long. I have been married going on 28 years to the same woman and find that now that she Is maturing Into middle age, she Is a much more Interesting person.

In Bulgaria and Soviet Russia the marriage expectancy is only nine years; That must be because the husbands get shot down so often. Besides. Russian peasant women seem to age very rapidly and some of them still wear very ugly clothing. The men are not much to look at either because If they are entitled to stand on Lenins Tomb for the May Day Parade, they are too fat. Most of the rest have too little to offer a smart and up-comlng young lady no minks, no diamonds, only Crimean cham-. pagne.

According to this account, the marriage expectancy of the Rumanians and Hungarians Is the worst of all only six years, Rumanians and Hungarians are rather handsome folks. The Rumanians are a mixture of Romans, Slavs and all the racei^ of the Eastern Mediterranean. Their eyes flash. Rome used Rumania as a prison colony and probably sent its best prisoners there. They stayed and produced a race that likes to eat beef and garlic, a truly Roman habit.

The Rumanians had to decide whether they preferred the Communists to Mme. Lupescu and they chose the Communists. And now they are stuck with it. So they engage in the escapism of numerous marriages.

Americans know all about Hungary, having, in this country, four high-born refugees who make the front pages as often as possible. They are, of course, the Gabors Mamma Jolie, Magda, Eva and Zsa Zsa. They are not only beautiful but also photogenic. Hungarians are a very jolly people, all except those who are dead because Soviet tanks rolled over them or who are Catholic and worry about the fate of Cardinal Minds-zenty.

I notice the reports says nothing about Albania. That must be an oversight or perhaps a recognition of the Grand Schism, which Khrushchev is healing with more ease than Pope (Continued on Page 6)

World Meat Production Is_Ud

By ELMER ROESSNER The world is eating higher on the hog. It is also eating higher on cattle and sheep, according to figures compiled by the U. S. Agriculture Service for 1961. (The term high on the hog refers to the fact that pork Increases in desirability with higher cuts, sowbelly being on the bottom, bacon on the sides, with hams and chops higher, all topped by the tenderloin.)

The output of the 41 countries that produce the major portion of the worlds meat supply was 102 billion pounds In 1961. This was about 2 per cent above the 1960 production and 26 per cent above the 1951-55 average.

The PAS added: World

numbers for cattle, hogu and sheep were higher on January 1, 1962, than on January 1, 1961. Tliercfore, a further rise in meat production In the 41 countries is expected.

The United States produced 28.6 billion pounds of meat in 1961, Russia was second dth

13.9 billion. Chinese production is a bamboo curtain secret and not Included in the summary, although the FAS said ' that China is probably the third largest meat producer.

NEW ZEALAND SENDING 28.6 MILLION POUNDS Speaking of meat, eight ships were scheduled to sail from New Zealand to the United States in July carrying 28,560,000 pounds of meat. In five days, May 31 to June 4, three ships left Australia with 14,305,600 pounds of beef, mutton and lamb for American ports.

FOREIGN CIGARETTES GLOW

With few exceptions consumption of cigarettes is increasing in foreign countries. Imports of tobacco were down slightly in 1961 in Denmark, although cigarette output was up in Sweden and in South Africa.

However, cigarette aalcs rose

9.3 per cent in Japan last year and the Japan Monoply Corporation expects a 10 per cent rise this year, largely due to the rise In popularity of fter tips. Sales of Hi*Llte cigarettes, a filter-tipped cigarette placed on sale in June, 1960, rose from 2,-

399.000 cigarettes this year to

7.222.000 cigarettes last year.

Egyptian tobacco imports were up slightly last year. Philippines, New Zealand, Mexico, Japan, Korea, Norway and Haiti increased Imports on cigarette production last year. West German cigarette sales rose 10 per cent last year, but the West Germans must be afraid of cancer. Filter-tipped cigarettes, which accounted for 5.4 per cent of cigarette sales In 1954, accounted for 72.8 per cent last year. Sales of HB-Kronen-filter, Ernte 23 and Peter Stuyvestant brands accounted for 50 per cent of all sales.

HEALTH. EDUCATION, WEL-. PARE COSTS DOUBLE IN

12 YEARS

A typical family of four persons is paying out $2,05ft this year for health, education and welfare, according to statistics compiled by the National Industrial Conference Board.

In 1950, a family of four paid out $928.

Some of this Is paid in taxes: some directly for services.

Total spending this year is estimated at $95 billion this year, compared with $35 billion in 1950.

The biggest increase Is in social insurance and welfare, with the total rising from $12 billion to $39 billion over the 12 years. In this area, the rise in Social Security levies added $18 billion to the increase.

Surprisingly, total private outlays Increased at a slightly higher rate than public outlays. Over the 12 years, federal state and local expenditures for these Welfare items rose 269 per cent, while privatf outlgys rose 275 per cent. "