July 19, 1962

President Put Self On New Spot

We feel a strong premonition th^ President tense or hope of future unity within his own party

made an error of political judgment in his pro- is forever dead.

nouncemenU Immediately following defeat of the The Associated Press reports nobody really exadministrations medical care plan in the Senate, pects Mr. Kennedy to campaign against any Demo-Readers will recall Mr. Kennedys less-than- crat; which leaves him a dozen Republican senators veiled threat to make the medical care plan an issue running for election as his targets. Most of them . . hki issue ... in the November elections, are relatively well-entrenched.

support in November, this will pass m Xoo, he encouhters a handicap other presidents

1963 , he said. ' have faced: who knows best the sentiments of the

Assistant Senate Democrat Leader Hubert voters, their directly elected representatives or the Humprdey interprets the Presidents reactions to president? He also faces voter antipathy, a natural

factor, when an outsider from Washington tries to tell them how to vote.

By promising a new light on new battlegrounds, for a defeated issue, Mr. Kennedy is leaving himself wide open to defeat on a greater scale than that already suffered.

Prudence should have prompted avoiding commitment to waging battle on unfavorable terms. It would have sufficed to work toward the goal of eventual victory, either in Novembers elections or in the 1963 session of Congress, without forewarning his opposition and staking personal prestige on the outcome.

On the other hand, the President was understandably disappointed and his enthusiasm for legislation to which he had given a priority label may have made him forget the political sagacity for which he is noted.

What would have been an uphill fight has now been made even more difficult.

Never Mind Duplicating It

mean he will personally carry the fight to the people; which is risky business.

Against whom would he campaigfl? All of the senators who voted against his wishes?

Tw^enty-one Democrats are listed among those who opposed the legislation. Both of North Carolinas senators opposed it. A switch of but two votes would have carried the day; a point w'hich gives the Democratic Party an inordinate share of responsibility for the outcome.

If the President chooses only to campaign against Republicans, he leaves himself open to the charge he is less interested in medicare plan passage than he is in partisan w'arfare. If he chooses to oppose all who voted against the plan, any pre-

!^igh Danger On

Saturday I

By WILLIAM' A. SHIRES TRAFFIC Saturday night Is the tno^ dangerous time of the week Insofar as traffic fatalities are c(icemed.

December is the most dangerous month of the year.

And, In 1961, Gnilford County was the bloodiest place in the state for traffic deaths.

Populous Guilford, plagued with a number of multiple fatality highway smashups last year, counted 51 traffic fatalities to lead the state.

Mecklenburg county, with 5,136 accidents compared, to Guilfords 4,161, had more accidents and more fatal accidents, 38 . to 37, but 11 more people died in GuUfords wrecks. Mecklenburg had a 1961 traffic toll of 40.

REPORT These facts are catal(ued in the annual North Carolina traffic accident summary compiled by the Department of Motor Vehicles. The summary is a statistical report of one of the bloodiest years on recent on the,.state s highways.

It details in cold columns of figures a breakdown of 80.844 motor vehicle accidents involving 100,923 drivers. 39,359 cases of property damage, 34,438 personal injuries and 1,254 persons killed in 1961.

There were more persons killed, more injured and more accidents in 1961 than in i960 There were Increases In every category except in the death rate per hundred million miles of motor vehicle travel.

This death rate dropped by three per cent, with a seven per cent increase in motor vehicle traffic counted on the States streets and highways.

CHANGES There was a two per cent increase in traffic deaths, up from the 1,226 in i960.

There was an alarming increase of 28 per cent in per-smal injuries from 26,947 to S4.438.

There were increases in both rural and urban accidents and in both deaths and injuries in both rural and urban accidents.

Pedestrian., fatalities totaled 231 during the year. There were 2,180 pedestrians involved in reported accidents. There were 1.949 personal Injuries among pedestrians.

More accidents occurred in the hour of 5 p.m. to 6 p.m. than at any other time of day. with this hour on Saturdays accounting for 19 per cent of allthe accidents in that particular hour.

However, more fatalities occurred In accidents between 7 p.m. and 8 p.m. than at any other time of day. Fifty-five per cent of the fatal accidents oc

curred at night.

Both the traffic volume and death rate were highest in December than in any other month.

DEATHS Only four of the - state's 100 counties. Clay and Gmham in the far west, and Camden and Tyrrell in the northeast, went through the year without a traffic fatality.

After Guilford and Mecklenburg. the greatest number of traffic fatalities occurred in Robeson which had 39. Robeson several years ago had the highest number of traffic deaths in the state, and this county is one of those in which the all-out traffic safety study. Project Impact, is being conducted.

Other counties with heavy death tolls included Forsyth with 36, Cumberland with 35. and Wake with 34. The only other counties with 30 or more were Wilkes with 32 and Gaston with 30.

Johnston County had 29, Buncombe 28. Iredell 28, Nash 26. Halifax 25, Catawba and New Hanover 24, Richmond 23, Wilson and Lee 22, and Rowan, Onslow and Rockingham 21 each.

DRIVERS Ahnost 50 per cent of the 100,923 drivers involved in motor vehicle accidents in the state during 1961 were in violation of the law. according to the report.

It listed among the most frequent violation: failing to yield right of way 10.206; speeding 9.956; exceeding stated speed limit 5,015; exceeding safe speed but hot stated limit 4,941, driving on wTong side of the road 7.881; following too closely 7,110; reckless driving 4,196 and driving drunk 3,154.

Driver violations, including drinking, were Involved in 78 per cent of all the accidents and 72 per cent of the faial accidents.

RURAL-URBAN - There Were 33,389 rural traffic accidents for the year, an increase of one per cent, and rural fatalities for the year totaled 1.059, an Increase of two per cent. There were 27,455 urban accidents, an Increase of four per cent, and 195 urban traffic fatalities, an Increase of three per cent.

COST What the report does not reflect, of course. Is the cost in terms of human misery and suffering. Neither does it attempt to report the cost in terms of property damage and economic loss involved in traffic accidents.

These things cannot be measured, DMV officials admit, and the statistics compiled can only indicate the magnitude of the traffic safety problem.

Quick Reaction Left No Room For Doubt

This time there was no pointless delay.

Hardly had word of the military coup in Peru ^ ^ . mriTi^T a

reached the outside world then the United States * AIKICIA JMRE showed its displeasure by suspending diplomatic ^ ^

relations and halting Alliance for Progress aid to A

the South American country. J.

Seldom has there been such swift diplomatic reaction . . . particularly when internal affairs of a Latin American country were involved.

Perhaps pur neighbors to the South will get the message: this country is against military dictatorships, and for the strengthening of democratic processes.

It hasnt always been so clear. Our reluctance to make it clear in the past has led to belief we supported dictators. This time there is no room for doubt.

xcitina Liie

Kennedys Thirc. Defeat In 1962

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ap II I I *111 II

By JAMES MARLOW WASHINGTON (AP) - President Kennedys immediate reaction to Tuesdays defeat of his program of medical care for the agedthat killed it for 1962 was to make it an issue in this years elections.

He blamed nearly all the Republicans and a handful of Democrats who joined them for defeat. This was the third time this year a major Kennedy program was massacred in Congress.

True. Republicans have been ganging up to defeat or try to defeat one Kennedy program after another. But so have some of his own Democratsparticularly Southern Democrats.

The performance of these Southerners should destroy any illusion an illusion nurtured by Democratic politiciansthat the Democratic party is some kind of single party which can make good on Its promises.

The Democrats in this Congress w'here they outnumber Republicans 64 to 36 in the Senate and 263 to 174 in the House have made a sorry showing so far in 1962. But Kennedy still wont get rough with them.

Instead, he is calling for even more Democrats to be elected to Congress in November. It seems fair to ask: If he can't win with his present overwhelming Democratic majorities in Congress, how many more Democrats does he need?

On the House side the medical care plan hasnt even gone before the full House for a vote. The Ways and Means Committee, with 15 Democrats and 10 Republicans, wont let It out to be voted on. Why?

Because enough of those 15 Democrats have joined the 10 Republicans to keep It bottled up.

Finally the Kennedy administration agreeing to compromises which greatcly watered down the original medical care plan the President proposedsought action in the Senate. It was killed there Tuesday by a 52-48 vote.

Twenty-one Democrats joined 31 Republicans to defeat It, Voting for It were 43 Democrats and only o Republicans.

Of the 21 Democrats who joined the 31 Republicans to repudiate the Kennedy program.

17 were Southern Democrats, some of them the same Democrats who have voted against Kennedy again and again.

Here, as in Kennedys two other major defeats. Southerners made up a majority of the Democrats voting against the President.

When the House defeated his fanii bill by a 215-205 vote, 48 Democrats and 167 Republicans voted against it whe only one Republican and 204 Democrats voted for it.

Of those 48 Democrats who joined the Republicans against Kennedy. 29 were . Southern Democrats.

Still earlier Kennedy had asked Congress to approve creation of a new department of urban affairs and housing. He said he would appoint Robert C. Weaver, a Negro and administrator of the Housing and Home Finance Agency, to head it. The House promptly killed it. 264 to 150.

In this one 111 Democrats 94 of them Southern Democrats joined 153 Republicans to kill Kennedys proposal. Voting for it were 137 Democrats and only 13 Republicans.

This year only three programs which might be considered major legislation have been enacted into law through approval by a majority of both houses.

They w^ere: manpower training and development: continuance of the emergency excise and corporation tax rates; and an increase In the national debt to $308 bilUon.

Even on the debt program-approved In the Senate by a 55-34 vote 12 of the 14 Democrats who joined 20 Republicans In voting against it were Southern Democrats. It was approved by 43 Democrats and 12 Republicans.

On the House side, where It was approved by a 211-192 vote. 33 of the 39 Democrats who joined 153 Republicans in voting against It w'cre Southern Democrats. Voting for It W'ere 202 Democrats and 9 Republicans.

Both houses have approved Kennedys foreign aid program, but with differences that have to be ironed out before it can become law. All the other major bills are tied up In one house or the other.

Its nice to write about things close to home, but lately weve been stuck with something both far away and pretty close to home our newspaper home, that is.

We have labored under the impression for several years that the good old days of journalism with its hair raising chills were gone; we were wrong. That is not to say we dont have enough excitement, but it just Isnt like 20 years ago when editors were threatened with guns; and like the time when a well known Raleigh newsman got locked up with patients from the state hospital while a fire was raging.

Things like that.

Like we said, we were wrong. Things do happen, big things. It is the Independent and Enterprise of Pecos, Tex., that has stirred us to write this

column. A story In the most recent issue of Look magazine tells the saga of two physicians who, in the interest of law and order, bought the newspaper and tried to print the truth.

They opposed the big wheel as the saying goes, Billie Sol Estes, who liked things to run his way. He bought into a paper of his own, since he couldnt control the Independent.

We hear the advertising rates of "the Estes paper were cut; for that reason and the additional reason that Estes was influential enough, the Independent lost a lot of advertising, the stuff that brings in money.

Estes at one point vowed he would ruin the Independent.

Supporters and friends of Estes got to the point that they told their workers and clients that if they went to the coowned physicians of the Inde-

Other Editors Saying... Shoe On Other Foot

(Henderson Dispatch)

Shortly after World War II and most of the time since then tl^ United States has poured scores of billions thats billions of dollars into Europe and other areas of the globe to rehabilitate nations devastated by the great conflict. The idea was to help them get back on their feet, and most of them have done that. Many indeed have made such progress that they have become sharp competitors of this country in the bid for world markets.

In recent years a great deal has been heard of the necessity for expanding the American economy. And certainly that is needed and is essential if the United States is to keep its place in the sun as the greatest producer of goods for consumption at home and abroad.

But now the worm has turned. The shoe is on the other foot, whether It fits or not. Believe It or not, and as paradoxical as it may seem, some of these nations so generously aided are being asked to locate plants In this country as a means of stimulating our own economy.

A long time ago, we wondered out loud just what would happen when American ability to help waaf exhausted and we might be in need of a lift, who would there be that was able or willing to lend a helping hand to us. Well, the United States has moved a little nearer such a status, and i* Inviting bu.sl-ness leaders in other countries to spread their piosperiiy amongst us here, Including North Carolina.

A brochure published by Wilmington. for example, was Included in material sent abroad.

and some of it landed In Japan. The impression was created there that Wilmington and some other areas mentioned needed Industry badly because they were so depressed regions. An explanation from the Department of Commerce said it was intended only to .use those pamphlets as examples of areas of potential for further industrialization.

But the idea was conveyed, even If misunderstood, and even if the whole project was merely an enlargement of Secretary Hodges program inaugurated when he was Governor of North Carolina to attract industry here from other parts of this country.

Effect of the impression conveyed abroad may not be as clear yet as it should be. But foreigners are reaching their own conclusions. There are, of course, depressed areas in the United States and perhaps will always be to some extent. Foreign enterprise would be welcomed here, but should it come it would discover that the cost of doing business is vastly greater than in those countries, what with cheap labor compared with rocketing scales here. Those concerns would not make a move without first investigating conditions, and when they did their reaction would be interesting to learn.

The point Is. however, that we have offered such mighty contribution to the economy of other countries that they are making rapid strides toward catching up with us. even to the point that we are trying to obtain some of their prosperity when we are short of the goals we would like to achieve in our own right.

Any time you get to thinking how hard it is to meet new people, pick up the wrong golf ball.Wall Street Journal.

The world is ^fe as long as all the bad news can be printed on the first page. Anderson (S. C.) Independent.

We have noticed of late that any television comedian can obtain a laugh simply by mentioning either of two names. One is Elizabeth Taylor, the other Billie Sol Estes. Perhaps this tells us something about the American sense of humor, although we arent sure what.Savannah (Ga.) Morning News.

A friend of ours who gets around the country tells us that in remodeling the State Unemployment Office at St. Louis, Missouri taxpayers have thoughtfully provided electronic automatic doors through which the unemployed can pass to collect their checks without the inconvenience of turning a knob or lifting a latch. If this is progress why not automate the delivery of relief money so that recipients dont even have to get out of bed? Charleston (S, C.) News & Courier.

pendent, Drs. Harold Llndley and Harlow Puller Avery, theyd lose jobs and maybe insurance benefits, as well as other things.

The Look story impresses the reader with the fact that Pecos is the town that made BUUe Sol Estes deals possible. It was a town in which th controlling element protected vice among the VIPs, when it existed. It was a town we might not like to live In.

But, back to the newspaper, it kept on publishing and probing until the owners and editors found out about the Estes anhydrous ammonia tanks that didnt exist and that was It. Even though the law didnt stop Estes, the newspaper did.

In the end "it wsusnt Estes who ruined the Independent; It was the other way around.

To us, this Is a good Indication of what useful purpose * newspaper really serves. Working on the principal that as a public news agency it has a responsibility to print truthful nejvs, especially that of public bodies, it protects the very foundations of democracy.

It's a good lesson.

Opinions In Brie::

This months thought* If it werent for Edison, wed all be watching TV by candlelight.Diners Club Magazine.

Riches Do Not

,ast

By GEORGE E. SOKOLSKY

Copyright* 1962. King Foatures Syndicate, Inc.

It is difficult to explain to one generation that It caxmot have the benefits which were the natural advantage of another generation. For instance, a* the populatlim of the U n 1 States increased, the water supply of the country has decreased and unless economical use of sea water can be developed in a reascmable time, this country will be in real trouble. Similarly, as long as such a supply of iron ore as the Mesabl Range serve us, we were able to create the largest steel plant on Earth; now, we are importing iron ore from Newfoundland and Venezuela and other places. It makes a difference.

The population of Europe and the United States, as given by the Population Reference Bureau, is as follows:

The Common Market 169,-585,000

The EPTA 89.729,000

Soviet Russia 214.400.000 Total for Soviet bloc 310,190,-000

United States 180,670,000 The largest area In square miles among these countries are;

Soviet Russia 8.992,644

United States 3.615.207

Canada, with a tiny population of about 18,000,000, covers 3,851,806 square miles.

There Is no absolute relationship between population and area and the standard of living of a people or their national significance. The United Kingdom, for Instance, one of the most significant nations, has a population of 52,539.000 and an area of only 94,215 square miles. Nevertheless, this country dominated the WM-Id politically and commercially for three centuries from Elizabeth I to World War n. France, which was the leading nation in Europe for many centuries, has only a population of 45,540,000 and an area of 212,821 square miles. Nor does density of population prove a point. Soviet Russia, now so powerful, has a density of 25 per square mile; the United States has a density of 50 per square mile; whereas the Netherlands has a density of 916 per square mile and Belgium a density of 777.

As population increases, the problem of natural resources becomes more severe. Great Britain and Japan are countries with limited natural resources, and their history is the story of the search for countries with ample resources which became colonies. Great Britain eventually developed them into dominions in a system called Imperial Preference. The Japanese fought four wars to conquer China and other parts of East Asia and failed largely as a result of American Interference. Great Britain and Japan are still seeking to regain protected markets for both raw materials and manufactured goods.

The mixture of peoples continues on as large a scale as Tefugea or as workers. There are no realistic national admix- < tures'when Italians settle in Prance or Switzerland, but between 1953-58 about 674.000 Algerian Moslems settled in France; thus, a new racial element was Introduced similar to the . Puerto Rican and Cuban migration to New York and Miami. Although many Algerians returned to their own country in due course, they inevitably leave a racial trace if they stay long

enough. _

A similar migration has been taking place to the Netherlands to which Indonesians have been moving. It is not so long ago since what is today called Indonesia was known as the Dutch East Indies. Soviet Russia contains within its borders a vast conglomeration of peoples racially remote from each other. However, these people mov within the Soviet Union and the races intermingle.

Such racial admixtures have little effect on production or consumption. The United Stales with a very sharp racial admixture enjoys the highest standard of living measured by national possessions. According to 1959-60 figures, the U n 11 e d States showed 339 automobiles per 1000 persOTis. No European country reached a comparable figure. This proves so with all consumers goods both as to quantity and quality. However, the standard of living nearly everywhere Is rising and there-(Ck>ntinued on Page 6)

Assessing Economic Changes

Strength For Today

By EARL L. DOUGLASS OUR LEGACY OF FREEDOM A half century ago, one of our great pi*esldents, Theodore Roosevelt, warned: If we

stand idly by, If we seek merely swollen, slothful ease and Ignoble peace, if we shrink from the hard contests which men must win a hazard of their lives and at the risk of all they hold dear, then the bolder and stronger peoples will pa.ss us by and will win for themselves the domination of the world.

We are so afraid of bombs, and rockets and indeed we should be. But is it not true that the greatest dangers we confront abide within our own nature? It has long been the conviction of certain historical sch-olar.s that the free nations of the world may lose their liberty and their life through inner

disintegration rather than through outwai'd attack.

The nations of the western hemisphere came into being through the efforts of pioneers. Always these people were willing to meet challenge and overcome obstacles. This legacy so gallantly won might easily be lost through Inaction and lethargy. A great national leader has assured us: If we have faith in humanity, if we seek God's divine guidance, if we summon the courage of our forefathers, our heritage of freedom will be preserved.

Persons who have inherited financial legacies often find that it is as hard to keep money ajs to make it. We who benefit from the legacy of freedom may find it as hard to keep freedom as our boi cbcars did to win Jt.

By EL.MER ROES.SNER

The uncertain economic ^future and the rapid business clianges taking place today are causing companies to take a look at their condition and position with a more critical eye.

Changes in taxes, foreign market, Administration policies,

marketing methods and in

dozens of other facets of the business world are affecting

every company to a greater or

lesser degree and usually greater.

Much of a given concern's future growth, and even survival, will depend on how company officials assess these changes and the decLsions they make in meeting them. An article by S. A. Spencer of McKin.sey & Co., printed in the American Management Associations Management Review. has some pointed things to say about the first half of the tvjn executive function of a.ssessment and decision.

The article 4iotes that many.

many companies even some with elaborate information systems are not supplying top company officials with adequate. usable data. Five basic failures are cited in company Information systems:

1) The system is not designed for all three levels of management and control (information on dally operations, information for short term changes, and information for the planning of the firms long-term destiny);

2) The information does not match the organization. That is. the Information being accumulated and tabulated is not made available to those who are responsible for that area of the companys operation;

3) The system covers dollars, not information. Mr. Spencer notes that most systems consist primarily of dollar reports. But too seldom are there reports on V hat makes dolais such factors a.s the number of salesmen trained, the number of calls

made, the speed of service, on-time delivery performance, quality level, frequency and na^ ture of complaints, share of the market, productivity, absenteeism, wasteu remakes, parts turnover and so forth.

4) The system produces encyclopedias Instead of brief, pointed reports. These undigested masses of information convert executives into high-priced clerks who have to sift through long tables for the Information their department

system ^ ^ needs. One company was cited which delivered a mwithly report containing 12,000 separate figures to 32 key executives.

5) Internal operations are covered extensively, but external factors are ignored. Factors like what the competition is doing, availability of credit, market changes or political and regulatory developments.

FIVE CAUSES

The causes for inadequacy In executive information systems were listed as:

1) Most such systems art really only accounting systems:

2) Most systems are old and out of date;

3) Many were developed for people and organizations no longer around today;

4) The Information system is rarely, if ever, looked kt as one over-all company problem and most reports are totally unrelated to any other reports.

5) Most systems were developed before data processing machines and have not been changed or adapted to take advantage of modem data processing techniques which digest mountains of data, summariz them, compute averages, prepared reports and note discrepancies as they arise.

These are only the highlight* of the problem of providing executives with adequate data for decisions. Companies with these kind of information failures are the ones which may well flounder in a tight, changing competitive situation.