frfdy, Novembftr 15, 1968

LBJ Assures An Orderly Transfer

CALLED I

It probably can be safely said that no new adTninisti'ation is really ever ready to take over the heavy and c<Hnplex burden of the executive branch of the United States ^vernment.

Yet, if it is pribl< for a new administration to be ready for'that task, the Nixon administration has the best opportunity in history. For the first time provision has been made by congressional action for the orderly transfer of power from one administration to another. Office space has been

iVIuch Restraint Over Disorders

By WILUAM A. SHIRBS Rdleetor RaMgk Bweaa

RALSIGHIt appears that a great dea! ctf restraint is ^buitt into the overaU policy for state officials and lawmra in dealing with radal disorders and tnddents which ^ighl spark vkdenoe.

Oortainb' such has been the case during two months ef tension, marches and protests related to a sdwols boy-

'

WILUAM

eott by Negroes in coastal Hyde County.

The idea in Hyde and elsewhere, according to the official policy, is to exert no more force than necessary in handling and controlling such situations as wrecking school property, storming the courthouse, blocking! raffic and damaging automobiles.

All these things happened last Friday and again Monday in Hyde Cunty.

Tear Gas Used

Both times tear gas or smoke grenades were used to clear demwistrators from the courthouse at Swan Quarter, and this perhaps resulted in aome exaggmration of the amount of force actually used. '

Sheriff Charlie J. Cahoon insists there was no more than necessary. He denies ^ere was more than brushing contact and says no clubs

were used.

Some reports on the Swan Quarter disturbances des

cribed the demonstrators as children.** Actually, most

were 17 and 18 years old^a lew as young as 15.

Lawmen Outnumbered

Tt is difficult in view of the tacts to im&^e anything approaching brutality and exces-ghre buUytog in these particular incidents.

Swan Quarter Is a town of anly 400 population. Most

white citizens kft the streets and went homa when the Negro demonstrators arrived. However, one buiinessinen who livei nearby watched from the window of his home and descrfiwd the scene as a near riot** on the part of between ISO and aOO demon-trators.

Against this number of Negro youths stood only sher

iff Cahoon and two state troopers. They asked the demnstrateos to leave the courthouse end used gis only when they refused.

*That*s what they wanted,* Cahoon said. **Thert was a television camera outside there on top of a truck.** Swan Quarter has no local police force, and neither does any town to sparsely-)opulated Hyde County. Hyde las no Incorporated towns. Cahoon has only one duty and there is only one state highway patrolman regularly assigned to Hyde. About 12 troopers were sent to Swan Quarter Monday when the disturbanct erupted first at the boycotted, all Negro 0. A. Pej^f fchool where furniture was overturned, and later at the courthouse.

The boycott of scho(^ on the Hyde County mainland appears to have been organized by Golden Frinks of Edenton, field .director for the Southern Christian Leadership conference (SCLC).

Frinks and an aide, James Barrow of Washington, N.C., organized a so-csUed **Mar-tin Luther King Nonviolent Crusade* in protest against a school integration plan adopted by the Hyde school board and approved by HEW in Washington after HEW earlier rejected a ^freedom of choice** plan.

The approved plan calls for integration in the first three elementary grades plus faculty this year, all elementary grades next year and full racial int e g r a t i o n the third year.

Frinks objected on grounds that while the Mattamuskeet school was integrated this year, no white children went to the countys two Negro schools^Davis and Peay.

Welfare Aid About 40 per cent of Hydes population of 6,000 is Negro. Frinks calltd for lOO per cent boycotting and varying numbers of Negro pupils, up to 400, have stayed away from classes. Some Negro churches set up so-called freedom schools* but few have had sizable, regular attendance.

What triggered the renewed marching and near violence at Peay school and the courthouse appears to have been an action by county welfare officials early this mtmth. A number of the Negro families receive additional welfare aid to order to keep children in school. They were notified that this additional aid would be stopped unless the children resumed regular school attendance.

The Daily Reflector

INCOBPOKAT

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^ibliihad Mo>dfy Through Friday Atttmoona and Sunday Morning

DAVID JULIAN WHtCHAKD. Chairman ef tht Board

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Admtlstog rates and draxfflnw available pop Member Anftt Baraaa of CSrenlatSae.

provided for the nevy administration near the White House and federal funds aprpropriated for getting the job done before the new administration officially comes into office in January.

With only a week having passed since the election President - elect Nixon already had conferred with President Johnson. Within hours following his election Mr. Nixon received top level brief-inga and top idea in his administration already are working closely with their counterparts in the Johnson administration.

In any system as complex as the executive department of the United States government, there are bound to be information gaps which develop in the translation of power. It is evident, however, that a greater effort is being made now than ever before to keep these gaps at a minimum.

It is essential to the welfare of the nation, and indeed to the welfare of the free world that the transfer of power be made smoothly and without the loss of continuity. It is reassuring that for the first time rather elaborate pre-planning has been done for the orderly transfer of power from one administration to the next.

The Court Has More Important Matters

Somehow it seems entirely unnecessary for the U.S. Supreme Court to have to decide that it is unconstitutional for Arkansas to continue on its books the fundamentalist law which prohibited teaching of the evolution theory in its public schools.

That kind of law which found its way onto iaaacc k'li DATDirk'

the books of many states during the early part of JM/v\co MurMikiv., .

this century has long since been rejected by the ^

vast majority of people throughout the nation. It TT* t O f

has gone the way of such laws as those which pro- ""1^ lJlllv] I J I Si

hibited racing horses down the main street of town, * -LXk-) -L X LX LXX XV^ X vXX KJ

recklessly driving motor cars more than 15 miles per hour and similar reminders of a past era.

If the Supreme Court is going to be called on to decide on the con.stitutionaIity of such laws which have been long since ceased to have any real meaning in our society, its not going to have time for the more important matters to which It should be devoting its attention.

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D

me rromineni jve Lonaer

By ALTON BLAKESLEE

DETROIT (AP) - Men who become prominent in their careers tend to outlive the average man, a statistical study suggests.

Scientists and clergymen come off best in this particular longevity measurement.

Men of letters* rank lowest on this same totem pole, but still ahead of average.

In thir subgrouping, correspondents and editors seem to be outlived by their readers by a large margin.

The longevity study was described Wednesday to the American Public Health Association by Jules V. Quint and Bianca R. Cody, statisticians of the Metropolitan Life Insurance Co., New York City.

Using the 185041 edition of Whos Who in America they selected a sample of 5,329 distinguished professional and business men.

They checked how many had died and when during the next 12 years, and compared this with death rates among white men in the general population who had been of the same ages back in 1950.

Overall, they said, the mortality of Whos Who men who were over age 45 to 1950 was 30 P cent less than that of the general population.

The greatest difference was found between ages 50 and 59. **This contradicts the belief in some quarters that the mercilessness with which men drive themselves during their forties to outstanding positions to their careers is reflected to broken health when they are In their fifties, they said.

They found these dlftorenc-es in longevity by professions;

Businessmen: Average mortality 29 per cent less than

The impending departure of Harold Howe, II, offers an opportunity for reflection upon the hard row that reformers have to hoe. Mr. Howe has served for three frustrating years as U. S. Conunissioner of Education. Now he has resigned, effective December 31, to work for the Ford Foundation. His first assi^-ment will deal with education in the schools of India.

In a farewell interview with United Press International, Howe acknowledged his disappointments. Back in the spring of 1966, he had defined what he conceived to be the most critical issue facing American education during the latter part of the twentieth century the necessity for eliminating segregation from our schools.

How far had he gone toward resolving that issue?

Progress has been minimal, he told the UPI. And he added that its been a slow and difficult and to a degree unsuccessful process.

Howes appraisal is p*-haps an understatement. In the 14 years that have elapsed since the Supreme Courts milestone decision in Brown

that of the general population. Mortality about the same as all men in the total Whos Who sample.

Educators: Average mortality 38 per cent under the general, and 10 per cent undr the same.

Lawyers and judges; 25 per cent under the general, and about the same as in the sample.

Men of letters:: 10 per cent under the general, but 30 per cent higher than the entire professional sample.

Men of letters included authors, writers, critics, historians, editors, correspondents and journalists.

The death rate for correspondents and journalists alone, was more than 30 per cent above the general popu- o j.

Gilmore bets

Physkd. and surgeons: 2

V. Board Educati(xi, the net advance toward intention of American schools has been virtually nil. By Howes own calculations, barely 15 per cent of the Negro children of the South are now in fully integrated classroofms. 0 ii t-side the South, though the figures are hard to pin down, the widesiH'ead trend is toward a de facto segregation not significantly <fifferent, in practical effect, from the old deliberate patterns of Dixie.

Why is ttiis happening? Some instructive Parallels may be drawn from me coun-feys experience with Prohibition. Like the issue of racial separation today, the issue of liquor fifty-odd years ago was a moral issue. It was the demon rum. Drinking was stoJul, and sin was wraig, snd the way to fight sin was to pass laws against It. In December of 1917, the Congress sent out to the States a resolution of constitutional amendment. By January of 1919, three-fourths of the States had ratified, and ta January of 1920 the Eighteenth Amendment became part of the Supreme law of the land.

Thirteen years and ten

By FENTON WHEELER

HAVANA (AP) - Money is going out of style in Cuba, but its not woiihless yet.

Most Cubans, including those to foverament ministries, still work for money but their dependence on it to decreasing as Prime Minister Fidel Castro turns the domestic economy toward what he describes as genuine Communist system.

Castros idea to that eventually the state will supply all the necessities of life to its workers. His government has made a small start on the plan. In some l^cultural sectors workers now receive free food, lodging and work clothes in addition to the free medical and educational services available to the rest of the pi^Hilation.

Castros campaign against what he considers eril capitalistic incentives coincides wito the economic realities: There to just not mudi to buy.

With little on the shelves and BO advertising, there to little incentive or dire to earn extra pay. Paradoxically, those who still have bankrolls are about the only ones who can find a little relief from the present drabness. This is done by patroniz-On Decenober 5, 1833,, tog the dwindling blacK market the 21st Amendment became or simply by hiring someone to

months later, ProhdHtion was

operative, repealing the Eighteenth, and the noble experiment came to an end. The coercions of law bad failed to achieve the moral purpose the reformers bad sought. The people simply would not be coerced.

The apostles of compulsory school integration have encountered very much the same stubbornness, the same hypocrisy, the same perverse unwillingness of mankind to be perfected. The zeal for in

do the work, such as standing in line for a turn at a seat in a restaurant , r

For many Cubans salary to far less ImpoTant than it was.

I would work for nothing, says a 20-year-old mother putp ting in a 48-hour week as a grapefruit packer on the Isl3 of Pines, the place Castro has picked to establish Cubas first 100 per cent Communtot society.

The only thing I need money

te^atioii iKieared to f<dlow ior i* Iw personal things, she mathematical law; it tocreas-

Other Editors Say

Example

per cent under the general p<^lati(Hi and 10 per cent above sample.

Church officials and clergymen: 38 per cent under the general population and 13 per cent under the sample.

Scientists: 45 per cent under the general population and 21 per cent under the sample.

Causes of death were not available f(X analysis, the report said, nor were theories offered as to why prominent persons might live longer.

Quote

It is easy to advocate the use of violence to crush violence, and some must be used: but the roots of our trouble are diverse and run to some measure to each of our doorsteps. Industrial News Review.

Voit Gilmore of S ou them Pinw, who lost in the 8th District congresai(al campaign to Dr. Earl Ruth athletic director of Catawba College, has set the pace for cleaning up posters in his district. He pays a penny per poster for each one delivered to him.

This is a custom Gilmore initiated when he was running for the N. C. State Senate, and which he Is carrying over into the district t-fort as well. He says to pay even a penny for the removal of such posters from utility poles and other places seems to encourage many persons who want to c 1 e an up after the campaign.

We recall that former Gov

ernor Luther Hodges, after his successful race for public office in 1852, made a statewide effort to remove the campaign posters after the election was over. At that time it was a new and welcome approach to keeping the State attractive and his efforts were widely applauded. The same to true of Mr. Gilmore, who plans to remain in public service, even though he lost hto first bid for the Congress.

Public officlato, who have asked the people to ballot for them' owe it to the entire State to help eradicate the posters from utility poles and other places once the campaign is over. We commend Mr. Gilmore for setting a wholesome example for the post - 1968 election period.

ed by the square of the distance by whidi the advocates were removed from the actual condition, so that most of the steam came from childless liberals in lily-white suburbs of the North. It was observed that some of those who most loudly proclaimed the i^antages of public school integration enrolled their own children in private schools. In the days of Prrtiibition, it was said that Southern Protestants would vote dry as long as they could stagger to the polls. The same amhdva-lence has contributed to Mr. Howes frustration.

The difficulty to that reformers tend to expect too much from the processes of law. Ihey somehow imagine, even when they know better, that is to necessary merely to command thou shalt not drink, or thou shalt integrate thy schools and forthwith the fallen sinners will arise. It does not work that way. Whole armies of Prohibition agents could not keep the countiy dry, and all of Howes warnings, guidelines, and ord-X suspending Federal aid have not succeeded in aciev-ing universal acceptance of fully integrated schools.

Quote

Of ill the revolutions which have marked the course of this century, perhaps the most fundamental and most enduring in its effects may turn out to be the emancipation of youth. Chief Justice Earl Warren.

Her pay to $75 monthly plus food, clothing id housing. Her daugbt: attends one of ti governments free nursery schools while she wt^ks. A divorcee, she finds plenty of young eligible men working and thinking as she does. Communism by her definition means packing grapefruit better.**

A construction foreman who earns $180 monthly says the only reason he still has an interest in money to to save ior a record player. He, too, receives food, lodging and work clothes plus a weeks vacation every 75 days.

His life, however, to not so simple as it sounds. Hto evenings are taken up with revolutionary obligations and study. He usually sees hto wife, who works in a nearby office, only for one hour a day, normally after 11 p.m. when he finishes his extra duties and before he returns to hto separate quarter?. Except ffflr dvil defense duties, his weekends are free. But hard times and shwtages limit him to four beers per weekend and make it difficult to eat away from the workers dining rcom.

The countrys food ^hortage plays an unofficial role in diminishing toe value M money.

It is letter to work ra a state farm for $85 montoly and gel three meals a day than battle the lines and ration books for a $200-a-month office job, says a young construction worker.

'The Communist party asserts overtime pay snd tipping are nonrsvolutionary in modern Cuba. It has pratty well slimi-nated both.

Rrotection Devices Unexploitec.

Strength For Today

By EARL L. DOUGLASS FRAGMENTA'nON

There is such a thing as having ones life torn apart, and the appalling thing about this circumstance to that it to usually %8elf - inflicted. Someto the life of another and tears it apart, but for every time this happens we can sure that someone to having his life torn apart not through the malice of others but through his own folly or wickedness.

Jealousy is one of the passions that most surely tears I life Into shreds. Some people appear to want to be unhappy, and anyone to that category can fulfill bis wish by looking with envy and covetousness upon something which is not his and never can be his. The lust for power has almost shaken the life of this planet apart. Conquerors to the past became as nothing

at all compared with the late lamented Hitler and modern forms of ^anny that still exist in this supposedly free world.

Lust, or the inordinate desire which besmirch^ imagination and frequently leads on to evil acts, is a prime destroyer of huinan life.

And of course we all know what the love of money does for one who falls victim of its fascination. There to nothing bad about money provided it is honestly acquired and expended with a sense of social responsibility. But some people hunger after money as toey hunger after food, thirst for it as they thirst for refreshing water.

Life can indeed be torn apart, and usually pMple commit this outrage against themselves. We should know where to look for the culprit.

By ELMER ROESSNER

In some neighborhoods, when a burglar alarm rings, no one pays any attention. No one grabs hto shotgun' runs to the scene or even looks out the window, and no cops come.

Thats because toere are so many of them that they are always going off because of short circuits, testing or youngsters trying to sneak in after curfew.

Nevertheless, there appears to be an enormous under-exploited market in the United States for protectio) devices. In many neighborhoods, such as mine, some of the housewives live in terror of robbers, muggers and rapists. Despite alarm systems, every house on the block has been robbed at least once. We have been hit twice.

Yet electronic and dqmrt-ment stores rarely if ever advertise safety devices and I have yet to see a ne^paper

section or aqy sustain^ cam

paign to sell protection. MANY AVAILABLE There are many protection devices available. For personal protection there are alarms powered by batteries or by compressed gas, and tear gas ejectors, although the last are illegal in many places. In New York a girl was arrested for

BOB8SNH

socking tear gas at a rapist Eventually she was released and, hicky for her, the rapist did not sue her for damages. Brass knuddes and pistols are prohibited to many jurlsdio-tions' but as far as I know there are no laws against carrying cans of black pepper.

There is a wide range of home protection devices, most originally designed for planta and offices. Most common are toviaible beams, like those on many supermarket doors, that activate alarms when someone breaks them. In some places toese systems can be connected to local police stations, lighting a signal when a beam to broken. However, cops are inclined to disconnect alarms wben a prowltog .eat or dog keeps breaking the beam.

There are various other sensors, including devices to be placed under carpeting which sounds alarms when intruders walk over them, and motion-detectioD devices that sound ilanns when there is any movement in the scned area. ALARM PHONER

One of the* newest devices is an automatical telephone dialer which calls a series of numbers, as those of police, buildiqg

superintendent and neighbors, with a recording that says an emergency exists and gives the exact address distinctly. It can be activated by a button or by any of the detector devices.

There are also a large number of window and door looks, even for sliding glass doors* that are more dfective than ordinary locks. Both the common latdi lock and the win-dow-eash lock can be opened, the first with a strip of plastic that can push back the latch, and the second by inserting a thin bit of metal under the sash and jiggling it up and down, tt takea time.

Sash locks can be made ji^ gled-proM by boring a smi^ hole behind t^ lever end dropping nail to. When the nail is to place, it prevents the lock from opening idter repeated jiggltogs.

And banks seem to have missed a bet by not fully ad-vertisiiig their iafety4esposit boxes to urban areas.