Tuesday, December 12, 1967 *

Court Ruling Generally Welcomed

^Tho^e in favor of, and those opposed to the powers that are questioned by state governments freedom of choice plan being used in many school and indeed by many of those who sit in Congress, systems across the country probably will welcome The court ruling on freedom of choice vyill settle the decision of the U. S. Supreme Court to rule on one of the major disputes over public schools which the constitutionality of the plan. now exists between federal and state authorities.

The plan has been designated by many school ^ ^ ^

systems as the means of eliminating segregation in T 'Trlin' SfiSSlOIl

the public schools. It has been vigorously opposed, in many instances, by those in the Department of

Health. Education and Welfare whose responsibility ^ 21

it is to administer federal provisions relating to pub- ^ ^

lie schools and integration. . . u j ^.u*

The HEW has taken the position that freedom The session of Congress which winds up this

of choice in determining where students attend week has been a long and tiring one for members

school is permissible only so long as it brings about pf the House and Senate as well as for admmistra-

the degree of integration of public schools as the tion forces which have tried in vain to gam pas-

HEW w'ould like to see. Where freedom of choice sage pf n^any key programs.

plans have done this, the HEW has nodded approval. It has been a session m which the Johnson ad-

Where the plans have not brought about such re- ministration met much stiffer resisitance to its pro-pults the HEW has said they are unacceptable. posals than in earlier years. It has been a se^ion in With a ruling by the Supreme Court, the con- which the legislave magic of President Johnson fititutionality of the controversial freedom of choice system will be decided. The court obviously will not say such plans are constitutional only if they cause certain changes in school enrollment in particular localities. Hopefully, the high court will say whether the right to choose where one will attend public schooi within a given system is in keeping with the ronst-Honal guarantee of rights.

The HEW has assignejd to itself broad interpretative powers in administering the programs in connection with public schools. It has assumed many

7he Yesterdays

,eave Impnn

failed to effect the congressional compromise which the administration exhibited keen interest.

For all of this, however, the Johnson administration has not been without legislative accomplishment this year. Since January the President has seen a number of his proposals written into law. He has seen a number of proposals watered down from original forms, but passed nevertheless.

Most significent in this year's congressional activity, however, has been the more independent mood of Congress when it came to writing programs for the nation. It is likely that this mood will be just as evident, if not more so, when Congress reconvenes in January after its Christmas holiday.

May Snip Golc.

By HAL BOYLE NEW YORK (AP) - Which is more important yesterday, today, or tomorrow?

Well, tomorrow may never come, so one cant be certain of its value.

Today is here now, but it tarries so briefly and flies so quickly that it is gone, often, before we are fully aware of its meaning.

And that leaves us yesterday, the day which, as we grow older, comes to have the biggest imprint on our lives. It is all our memorable yesterdays, incessantly strained through memory's bright sieve, what has given the Individual patlei a to our personalities and made 111 what we ^e.

HAL

60YLE

Youve sieved a lot of yesterdays yourself if you can look back and rememiber when:

Every few years some be-whiskered, addled old-timer would announce he was the famous bank robber, Jesse James, still alive.

A mother who wanted her ion to grow up to be a genius stuffed him with fish as often as possible because fish was su^osed to be good brain food.

Butchers almost had to give calfs liver away, because it was eaten only by cats and people so desperately poor they could afford nothing else.

No French leader dared

knock the United States, because he knew here was where he had to float a loan to keep his country from bankruptcy.

Kids had as much fun sliding down a snow-covered hill on a pair of barrel staves as their own children do now going to an expensive ski rerurt.

Men worked hard 50 or 60 or more hours a week and looked forward to Sunday, because it was the one time in the week they could take a long, restful afternoon nap. Without those naps tney couldnt have faced another Monday.

In 1927, Greta Garbo a:d John Gilbert appeared in The Flesh and the Devil, and lanky young Gary Cooper got his first screen leading role in Arizona Bound. Until then Gary had specialized in being shot off galloping horses for $10 a day, plus free studio liniment.

Practically every boy in American carried in his pockets a top, some string, several marbles, and a pocket-knife. Np One wurtied about the knife, however, as it didnt contain a switchblade, and the boy used it only to whittle with or play mumblety-

Peg- , , .

More men smoked cigars than cigarettes, and probably more chewed tobacco than smoked either.

Take home pay wasn't what was left after all the government deductions had been taken out; it was what a worker got home with after stopping off at a neighborhood saloon on payday.

It was the height of repartee to tell a friend on parting, Dont take any wooden nickels. Nobody thought then wed ever have to worry about rubber dollars bills.

Yep, those were the days! Remember?

And Dollar Link

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By JOSEPH R. COYNE WASHINGTON (AP) -Its only a matter of time before the federal government must cut the last remaining domestic link between gold and the dollar. Tlie final snip could come next year.

Most Americans however, will hardly notice the change. Business will go on as usual. Dollar bills will still be dollar bills to be spent for groceries, drugs, gasoline and thousands of other everyday items.

Internationally, the cut will free more than $10 billion in gold to defend dollar a-broad.

Worse consequences would confront consumers if nothing were done and the U. S. gold pile continued to shrink. Higher interest rates plus weakened confidence in Ihe dollar abroad are two potential results.

Examine a dollar bill closely and youll see the worlds Federal Reserve Note a bove George Wasliingtons portrait.

This type of bill is the only kind now placed in circulation and each dollar *nust be backed under law by 25 cents in gold the 25 per cent gold cover.

When the United States had plenty of gold this gold cover was well in excess of the 25 per cent ratio. Its still beyond it but not by much.

Last weeks switch of $475 million in gold to a special fund to cover, in part, the U. S. share of gold sold on the London market following devaluation of the British pound

Strength For Today

By EARL L. DOUGLASS RELATIONSHIP WITH THE UNSEEN Every truly religious person believes that God has revealed Himself to man. Those who hold to the Jewis faith and those who hold to the Christian maintain that God has revealed Himself through the Bible. In these holy books Gods character and purpose have been made known to his children.

But did revelation cease when the last word of the Bible was written? Did God disclose his purposes up to that time and then cease to do so? No true believer can entertain such a view for a minute. We all believe that God is continu-

put more pressure on the gold cover.

The $475 million was taken from supplies available to back paper money.

Before the switch, the a-vailable gold stock equalled 29.9 per cent of all federal reserve notes in circulation-more than $40 billion. After the switch the ratio was 28.5 per cent.

The supply of gold available for backing paper money is now $12.4 billion, lowest in 30 years, and more than $10 billion of this is already being used.

Chairman William McChe* sney Martin Jr. of the Federal Reserve Board has repeatedly called for quick removal of the gold cover to end any remaining doubts and uncertainty about U. S. policy.

One reason for the substantial drop in the gold pile since 1949 is that Americans .spent more money overseas than foreigners spent here. Thi.s net drain is continuing. Dollars obtained by other governments in this way can be cashed in for gold at $35 an ounce.

Domestic use of the metal for such things as wedding rings and filling teeth eats into another $150 million while normal growth of paper money absorbs another $500 million yearly.

The Treasury Department, which must make the final decision, agrees the gold cover must eventually be removed but sees no immediate emergency. Officials have indicated, however,that Congress will be asked riext year to remove it.

The Federal Reserve has the power to suspend the cover temporarily, but at a cost which can be passed on to consumers.

If the ratio drops below 25 per cent, the Federal Reserve must pay a tax to the Treasury which can go as high as 1.5 per cent of the deficiency.

This would be passed on by increasing the discount rate the iaiorest commercial banks are charged when they borrow money from the Federal Reserve. This tends to boost interest rates all along the line including those on consumer goods.

The gold cover on currency was opped in 1945 from 40 per cent to 25 per cent. It was eliminated on bank reserves in 1965.

James Marlow, who usually writes this column, is on va' cation.

Hold That Line! Hold That Line!

Hold That Line^H!.eow-w.w-wr

By JAMES KILPATRICK

Peaceniks Odd Subsidy

The National Science Foundation now has settled upon the boyish head of Stephen Smale a new grant of $87,-500 in public funds. For another two years, the taxpayers of America thus will be subsidizing the summer vacations of this peacenik mathematician whose abiding avocation is to give aid and comfort to Americas enemies in Vietnam. It is, in truth, a lunatic world we live in.

How do these things happen? How did the Congress get around to subsidizing mathematicians in the first place? And why this particular mathematician?

In the old days, the theory was that Congress lawfully could appropriate public funds only for purposes enumerat

ed in the Constitution. Smale's research had nothing whatever to do with raising an army, maintaining a navy, regulating commerce, coining money, or layig taxes. He breathes the rarefied air of pure research. He deals in ordinary and par-tiai differential equations and the relation between topology and particle physics. Where do you find that in the Constitution?

No one doubts that Smale is a brilliant fellow. In 1966 he received the Fields medal, sometimes described as the Nobel prize in mathematics, for his theorem on the mapping of a sphere. When it comes to difffereiitial topology, he apparently is the best there is. At 37, he holds a

orty Years Ago

By FOY H. DUNCAN Dec. 12,1927 The International Rubber Co. is experimenting with the first tires ever made from an American product. The rubber comes form guayule shrubs grown at Salinas, California. No doubt California, Texas, Mexico and nianv other places can produce rubber or a substitute as cod. but the problem is LABOR. How can you compete with Oriental native labor at 25 cents a day? Snythetic rubber for light automobiles and substitution of steel springs for rubber in heavy trucks may solve the problem. Home grown rubber will not.

George Bernard Shaw who likes to be different, even in a disagreeable way, advises Am-mericans not to send money to buy shoes for poor children in Dublin, or for ^nything else. Shaw, born in Ireland, says that country is an incorrigible beggar.

Mr. Shaw has become rich, lives in London and perhaps does not remember Irish conditions. This writer can assure

him. that not so long ago, traveling through the south of Ireland, by jaunting car, doz-zens of Irish children could be seen running along the road, with bare feet in cold weather, begging for pennies. If you have any money to buy shoes

full professorship at Berkeley, and Berkley pays him well.

Neither is there any doubt about Smales left-wing activism. As an undergratuate at the University of Michi/an, 15 years ago, he was a member of the old Labor Youth League, a Communist front, to Berkeley, he became faculty advisor to the Fair Play for Cuba Committee. He embraced the Free Speech Movement. He was co-founder, with the notorious Jerry Rubin, of the Vietnam Day Committee. He is an inveterate signer of protest petitions.

If this were the whole of the story, conservative! and liberals alike could defend Smales rights of free speech, and agree that his political views ought not to have any effect, one way or another, on his eUgibility for a Federal grant. Okay. Smale has gone farther. In his capacity as a co-chairman of the Vietnam Day Committee, he proposed in May of 1965 that thousands of students and others block the gates of the Oakland army terminal. Also, we might consider the en masse break-

for Dublin Children, send it ing of t|ie Espionage Act of

1917 and the Selective Ser-

(From TODAY by Arthur Brisbane

vice Act.

In August of 1965, Smale led a company of demonstrators who attempted to block troop trains at the Santa Fe Station in Berkeley. Earlier, Smale had urged that we

Entertain football boys

On Friday evening, Dec. 9, the members of the Home Economics club, with the invited -------- -

guests, Mr. Porter and the foot- must put OUR bodies on the ball boys enjoyed a weiner line, but when the tram roast given by the club mem- came down the tracks he bers. Miss Clark and two of the chickened. His prodigal brain college practice teachers were informed him that the body

also present. The party left the

high school at 5 oclock and went about two miles from Greenville on the Falkland road to the Joyner farm. After eating the weiners, there were some stunts,' directed by Miss Catherine Clark. Then they toasted marshmallows, and sang a few popular songs, ending with Good Night, Ladies, and returned home.

of Stephen Smale and the wheels of a locomotive could not simultaneously and successfully occupy the same point in space at the same time, unless the body of S. Smale were speedily to be reduced to a differential equation, so he got out of the way. Nevertheless, he and his colleagues were here go-(Continued on Page 5)

Dividec.

By ROWLAND EVANS and ROBERT NOVAK

WASHINGTON-The real background of Senator Eugene McCarthys entran into the Massachusetts Democratic primary ought tu bury all reports of collusion between McCarthy and tne Kon* nedys.

McCarthy is enough of a realist to accept the tact that, if by some miracle, he pushes President Johnson out of the race for re-election, the beneficiary would be Senator Robert F. Kennedy, not Gene McCarthy. Nevertheess the old mutual suspicion between McCarthy and the Kennedys, . founded on McCarthys early hostility to John F. Kennedy's Presidential bid, not only persists but was deepened by their complicated negotiations over Massachusetts.

In huddles with both Bobby Kennedy and Senator Edward M. (Ted) Kennedy, McCarthy got confidential advice about which Northeastern state primaries to enter. He was told that the New Hampshire re guiar organization was certainly beatable. But the Kennedys strongly advised that entering Massachusetts would risk disaster.

This advice ran counter to the consensus about Northeastern politics, which held that McCarthy would face an uphill climb in New Hampshire even against a favorite son standing in for President Johnson. But he might go all the way in Massachusetts-provided the stand in running against him was not Teddy Kennedy.

Consequently, a d v i o r close to McCarthy became suspicious that the Kennedys were egging him on to possible defeat in New Hampshirt to avoid putting Ted Kennedy on the spot of cither refusing or agreeing to be a stand-m candidate for Mr. Johnson against McCarthy in Massachusetts. I

these suspicions were confirmed when Teddy privately asked McCarthy not to decide about Massachusetts until after the state Democratic (ommittee met in Boston, Dec. 2. At the same time, Kennedy worked to round up state committee members for helped worked out a resolution backing Mr. Johnson and his Vietnam policy.

Kennedy was convinced ht had a commitment from McCarthy not to announce his decision on Massachusetts until after the state committee meeting. At that second meeting, Kennedy planned to shovf McCarthy the futility o^ going into Massachusetts, citing the 45-to-4 state committee vote for Mr. Joh.ison. How* ever, McCarthy felt he had no such commitment and announced he was gong into Massachusetts within hours after the state committee acted.

Thus, Ted Kennedy is on the spot he wished to avoid. He is adamant against running as a stand-in for the President though some of his closest political advisors are urging him to do that.

Speaker McCormack has passed word that he absolutely wont be the stand-in either. Postmaster General Lawrence F. OBrien is a possibility, but he does not relish the prospect and would be an underdog against McCarthy. Impassioned pleas from Massachusetts for Mr. Johnson to run re likely to be ignored. Thus, the possibility of a McCarthy victory in Massachusetts that would hurt both Lyndon Johnson and Ted Kennedy looms for next April 30.

Hiaher State Taxes Next Year

au ucucvc uiai vjuu io

ing his revelation to every one f )-i i pi of us. The Bible is Gods pub- U.W Lv^

! is

here

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recruest

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lie revelation. There is a social revelation of his purposes which He makes to us as individuals. The Spirit of the Lord, as it is called in the Old Testament, or the Holy Spirit as it is most often referred to in the New Testament, is Gods wisdom and power operating among men right now disclosing the will of God, interpreting his purpose, revealing the depth of that wisdom I which is set forth in the Word of God itself.

A public revelation, a social revelation and an individual revelationthe Bible, the Church, and the quiet communion of the spirit of man with the Spitie of God. All this makes up our relationship with the unseejL

Hippies are not new, but the publicity and glamour given them by the news and entertainment media is, thats all. Ontario (Ore.) Argps-Observer.

SUPPORT YOUR

PITT COUNTY UNITED FUND

By ELMER ROESSNER

State taxes will surge higher in 1968 State tax collections, which soared to a record high of $29.4 billion last year and are setting an even higher mark this year, may approach $34 billion next year.

Reasons are:

The rise in prices of practically everything states buy. That $5-a-ton increases in steel will hit hard.

Increases in salaries and wages, resulting from higher living costs, and the rise in unionization of state employees.

Higher spending for Medicaid and other welfare, slum clearance, housing, meat inspection, air Dolution control and other projects, all induced by offers o the federal government to share costs.

Greater demapds for educational facilities at all levels.

The curious belief by voters that governments have a bottomless well of fresh money, or that increases in government spending are charged to the other fellow.

BLMER

ROESSNER

Pressure Is Already On

Many state administrations elected on promises to cut taxes are now working on plans to spend more. In New York, the new state budget to

be submitted in January by Gov. Nelson Rockefeller is expected to show a rise of $300 million, bringing the total $5.5 billion. Spending in California, now the leading state, is expected to rise by a large amount.

The increase in New York is expected to cause a rise of one percentage point in income taxes, or an increase in the state sales tax, now 2 per cent. Other states are considering similar measures.

Sales taxes are an increasing source of state revenues. One reason is that there is no gradualism or progres-sivism to the tw. The poor pay at the same rates as do the rich, usually paying a larger per cent of their income.

Of the $29.4 billion in taxes collected by states in 1966, $19.0 billion came from sales

levies.

Only Six Without Sales Tax

After Minnesota and Nebraska adopted state sales taxes this year, thre are only six states without them, the Tax Foundation reports.

These are Alaska, Delaware, Montana, New Hampshire, Oregon and Vermont. Except for Alaska, these states now profit from sales to people from other states who cross the border or use the mails to make tax-free purchases. This year their administrations will weigh again the question of whether this added trade is worth mora than the revenue state sales taxes could collect But wherever you live, wherever you work or where-ever you opearate a business, you can count on paying more state taxes in 1968. Better start saving now.

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