Tuesday, July 4, 1967

Just As On Other Fourths Of Jul^

This July 4th as on many others in past years,

Americans are giving their lives to preserve the freedom those signers of the Declaration of Independence almost 200 years ago pledged their lives, their fortunes and their sacred honor.

The idea that men are bom free and that they

So, What Is An American

>iHARLEY-COME-LATELY

By HAL BOYLE

NEW YORK (AP) - What h an American?

Somewhat to the annoyance of other countries in the Western Hemi^here, the people of the United States have appropriated the word American,** both as noun and adjective, as one belonging to them.

The custom started back on Sept. 5, 1774, when Patrick Henry rose and told the Continental Congress;

I am not a Virginian but an American!

HAL

BOYL

In the 191 years since the Declaration of Independence in 1776, the United States has managed to become the richest and most powerful nation on earth. Americans have popularized the automobile, the bathtub, the jet plane, the telephone, jazz music and the hamburger. But they haven't been as notably successful in making themselves beloved.

What are Americans really like? What are our virtues atin our vices? Here, on our most native of holidays, is a birthday sampler of opinions that have been expressed about us. by partisans and critics:

They (Americans) are a race of convicts and ought to be iankful for anything we allow them short of hanging. Samuel Johnson, 1775.

All the men in America make money their pursuit. Richard Parkinson, after touring the country in 1805.

I have traveled more than four thousand miles about this country; and I never met with one single insolent or rude native American. Thomas Holme, 1818.

Tlie American is hornhanded and pig-headed, hard, persevering, unscrupulous, with an incredible genius for lying.Anonymous Londoner.

America is a country of young men. Ralph Waldo Emerson.

The Americans, like the English, probably make love worse than any other race. Walt Whitman, 1856.

The American is nomadic in religi(i, in ideas, in morals.J.R. Lowell, 1864.

America Is the only place where man is full grown! Oliver Wendell Holmes.

Our country has liberty without license and autho^-ity without despotism. James Cardinal Gibbons, 1887.

America is the only idealistic nation in the world. Woodrow Wilson, 1919.

You are right in your impression that a number of persons are urging me to come to the United States. But why on earth do you call them my friends? Bernard Shaw, 1921.

America is a tune. It must be sung together. General Stanley Lee.

Intellectually, I know that America is not better than any other country; emotionally, I know she is better than every other country. Sinclair Lewis, 1930.

God looks after drunks, children, and Americans. old saying, quoted by James Truslow Adams in 1934.

are entitled to life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness is still not accepted in much of the world, indeed, in each generation since 1776 young Americans have been called upon to risk their lives in combat in defense of those ideas pronounced ^hen the tiny colonies porclaimed their independence.

This nation has long since recognized that the frontiers of freedom and liberty are not the shores of the Atlantic and Pacific. The frontiers of freedom exist wherever people who desire freedom remain in bondage. This nation has long since recognized that a threat to freedom anywhere in the world is a threat to the principles proclaimed by all the free world. If freedoms light is to be preserved anywhere in the world, it must be defended where the forces of totalitarianism threaten to extinguish it.

The principles of freedom must be defended at home as well as aboard. They must be defended in the far corners of the world as well as adjacent to our own shores. They must be defended by men with military equipment and by rank and file citizens who are willing to speak up and stand up for those principles of democracy.

On this July 4th Americans will give their lives on nameless hills and in the steaming jungles of Vietnam. Others will stand lonely vigils in every corner of the world in defense of freedom and democracy.

What price freedom?

It is never cheap for any generation. It will always require sacrifice, hardships, denial of self in defense of a cause. And this nation will continue in its democratic ideals of freedom and liberty only so long as its people are willing to make the necessary sacrifices to preserve those ideas.

Hectic Session Nears End For Lawmakers ^ SDrit

By JAMES KILPATRICK

Having already set a record for the longest session in history, the 1967 General Assembly should wind up its business this week without fail and without further prolonging the current session.

It has been at best a hectic session in which even seemingly small problems proved difficult to iron out. It has been a session in which no recognized leadership emerged, particularly in the House, to chart an orderly course for harfdling legislative business.

Because of the length of the session and the difficulty with which it has been brought to this final week, it is a session which most people will like to see end. It has not been a session without accom-plihment. It has not been a session without meaningful legislation that will enhance the future of North Carolina.

Even so, 1967 may he remembered as the year the legislature had difficulty deciding where it was going to go and how it was going to get there.

Worth Keeping

Strength For Today

-ew Can Doub

NEVER-ENDING FORCE By EARL DOUGLASS

The coming of the Holy Spirit related in Acts 2:1-4 is, next to the death and resurrection of Jesus, the most im-pwrtant event in the history of the Christian church. The lit-the group of believers, first dismayed by tiie death of Qurist and later thrilled by hli resurrection, were in-struated to await the coming of^e Spirit which would lead them into the ways of truth and support their efforts in years and centuries to come.

The word trinity. does not eccur in the Bible, but the Doctrine of the Trinity has arisen as an attempt to explain the divine prescence in the midst of human life. We know Jesus Christ as Saviour and Lord. The Holy Spirit came to support believers in evffy age. Accordingly, the

Doctrine of the Trinity has arisen as an attempt of the part of Christian thinkers and leaders to explain the three aspects in which we know and experience the presence of God.

The New Testament from beginning to end encourages us to open our hearts % the coming of the Spirit. The Spirit of God had, of course, always been in the world, but al Pentecost fifty days after the crucifixion, this Spirit was manifested in an unprecedented manner. We are to live spiritually on the disclosure of the Spirit made at Pentecost and continued to this very hour.

It is not only our duty but our privilege to be guided and sustained every moment of our lives by the power of the Holy Spirit.

BJ Will Run

For most Americans, the Fourth of July long since has lost its patriotic meaning. There will be some rallies today, but crowds will be thin. A few flags will fly on arowsy residential streets. Now and then a couple of sinful firecrackers will punctuate the quiet. Mostly, it will be beach, beer and barbecue, and back to work tomorrow.

It is foolish to preach sermons on the topic. Man can no more be scolded into being patriotic than he can be cajoled into being lovable. You feel these things, or you dont. Many persons with an abiding love for their country have no particular love for history. It is not necessary to wave a flag today to prove a print

All the same, it is regrettable that so little attention is paid these days to the American Revolution, and to the human beings we tend to identify most closely with it. For this was a revolution unlike other revolutions. The men who led it v ere

attractive and interesting persons men of substance, men of learning, men of quality.

One thinks of revolutions, late and soon: The French Revolution, and the Bastille stormed; the Russian Revolution, and a tattered mob at the Winter Palace; revolutions in Africa and South America, Castros shirtless ones. In the familiar pattern, revolutions breed in human misery: they are the desperate adventures of outs who seek to get in. The objects may be spiritual in part, but they are mostly material; in the eyes of the leadership, a love of liberty is weighted by a love for power, for treasure, for land. It is not aristocracy alone that must be overthrown, but in Carlyles phrase, the Aristocracy of the Mqneybag.

None of this was true of the American Revolution. The Declaration of Independence, reflecting the man - faceted man who was its principal author, is a diamond strangely cut. It

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By JAMES MARLOW

WASHINGTON (AP) President Johnsons stock is going up.

Theres not much doubt he will run again in 1968. His popularity in the public opinion polls soared after his summit meeting with Soviet Premier Alexei N. Kosygin and the way he tried to cool the Middle East Crisis, although he didnt say much.

Since he is a master politician, nothing could help him more than a 1968 summit meeting with three or four heads of state, including the Soviet Union, or the beginning of negotiations to id the war.

It should be no surprise if either happens.

One big difference between Democrats and Republicans right now is that tha Republicans dont have any idea who their presidential candidate will be. The Democrats dont seem to have any uncwiainty about it.

But that isnt the only fiffer-ence, as last week showed.

Republican governors met, discussed, and went home believing it was too early for for them to endorse any candidate. Democratic governors met and gave Johnson a hearty cheer. It was music to my ears, he said.

The Democratic governors, meeting at St. Louis where Johnson joined them, issuer! a statement praising the Presidents courageous efforts to obtain peace abroad and civil obedience at home.

They didnt specifically say they wanted him to run again-some Southerners resisted getting in line this early. Bui one governor, Missouris Warren E. Hearnes, said, Im not so naive as to feel Mr. Johnson will not be the nominee.

Hearnes wasnt so mild on the subject of Johnson last December when he said unless Johnson changed some policies and reevaluated the political situation the Damo-crates might well start all over with a new candidate in 1968.

But then last year wasnt Johnsons good year with the Democratic governors who met at White Sulphur Springs, W. Va.. after the 1966 elections in which Democrats took a clubbing, suffering a net los;; of 47 House seats, 3 Senate seats and 8 governorships.

Johnson had taken little part in the election campaigning. And in the midst of the campaign he went off to Manila for a conference on the Vietnamese war.

Besides, his standing in the popularity polls was way down then.

At White Sulphur Springs the Democratic governors frankly and, it seemed, bitterly condemned the Johnson administration for the partys election losses, which they blamed on an anti-administration vote.

Nevertheless, even then most of the governors were saying Johnson would run again next year and win. Nine of them subsequently journeyed to the White House to complain to Johnson about the way he handled them or, rather, ignored them.

Opinions '.n Brief

The fire department in Bretton Woods, N.Y., has painted its new truck green. That does it! Now we do not believe there is anything you can rely on.Memphis Com-mercial-Appeal.

Other Editors Saying

Tiger By

ne 1 ail

The London smoker who advertised for a redheaded wife with a dowry of 4,500 cigarette coupons disregards two kinds of caution labels. Oklahoma City Daily Oklahoman.

(Richmon'd News Leader)

One of the major differences marking the Vietnamese War from previous encounters has been its self-conscious seriousness. Wars are not amusing, of course, but legendary exploits have become an integral part of most battlefield lore in the past.

Not so in Vietnam; it is a most unfunny war, ana not even cartoonist Bill Mauldin could find much material to caricature on a recent visit there. But then perhaps he never ran acrass the story of the Marine and the tiger.

The Washington Posts John Nance did, when he went aboard the hospital ship Sanctuary. According to the version offered by a Navy chief, Marine Corporal David A. Schwirian, of Osterburg, Pa., was sitting in the Vietnamese jungle, minding his own business, when a tiger pounced from the bush and grabbed his right arm. With both his gun and knife out of reach, Corporal Schwirian was helpless. So he balled up his left fist and popped the tiger on the nose, right between the eyes. The tiger then took off

through the jungle with h i s tail tetween his legs.

Reporter Nance then arranged to get a first - hand report on the incident from Corporal Schwirian, who was hospitalized aboard the Sanctuary. The Marine was nonchalant about the whole thing. Just got bit by a tiger, he explained. He and his f i i e team were on night ambush, sitting in some high grass. He reached over to shake his radio operator, and the tiger latched onto his arm. At least he thought it was a tiger, but he was taking the radio operators word for it. He showed his wound, running from elbow to mid forearm.

Nance said, I understand you hit It in the nose.

Thats ridiculous, Schwirian said. I screamed.

So the legend of the Marine and the tiger stands debunked by one of the participants; the tiger was unavailable for comment. But dont be surprised if the mythical version turns up as gospel fact in an authoritative book on the Vietnam war. Thats the way legends

go*

^Reagan

Costly

YR

iO

begins with poetry, leaps into legalisms, flies briefly into hyperbole, and winds up in the fine honed phrases of contract law. But the first grievances to be recited^re not grievances of the human spirit. The King had refused his assent to certain laws; he had utterly neglected to attend to other laws, and he had refused to pass still more laws. He had dissolved legislatures, discouraged immigration, obstructed the administration of justice, and sent hither swarms of officers to harass our people and eat out their substance.

Trues, the Declaration goes on to accuse the Crown of having pltmdered our seas, ravished our coasts, burnt our towns, and destroyed the lives of our people, Mercenaries were on their way to complete those works of death, desolution and tyranny that already had been marked by cruelty and perfidy scarcely paralleled in the most barbarous ages. But these two or three sentences to one side, the Declaration is a model of lawyer-ly restraint.

The fact is that the leaders of the American Revolution were not oppressed by the standards of their day or of ours. Many of the signers, far from having nothing to lose, in truth had everything to lose. Francis Lewis, William Floyd, and Lewis Morris^ all of New York, had great estates on Long Island; they saw their property plundered and their families imprisoned. Arthur Middleton of South Carolina, Carter Braxton of Virginia, George Clymer of Pennsylvania, Charles Carroll of Maryland, Richard Stockton of New Jersey all were men of wealth and position. They were not firebrand conspirators or barefoot peasants. In the homely word, now out of fashion, they were patriots.

Our schools no longer teach their stories. Who today has heard of Caesar Rodney? He was dying by Inches of cancer that had eaten half his face away, but he rode 80 miles through a storm so that Delawares vote could be cast for independence. Stephen Hop-kings, the fighting Quaker of Rhode Island, signed with a hand that shook with palsy. Thomas Nelson, in Virginia, learned that British troops had (Continned On Page I)

By ROWLAND EVANS and

ROBERT NOVAK

WASHINGTON - Although Governor Ronald Reagan of California captured the hea.ts of the Young Republicans* national cinvention in Omaha June 25 with his dazling oratory, there was some backstage grumbling.

The root of the trouble was money. Reagan submitted to the YRs an estimated espcnse account for himself and h i s entourage totalling a w. o> ping $1,650. Hard-pressred to make ends meet for the can-vention, Nebraska YR leaders muttered that Reagan good as he is might not bt worth that much.

The tab covers round - trip rental for a jet aircraft carrying Reagan and four staffers from California plus accommodations for them at Omahas Blackstone Hotel. It is routine for Reagan to submit such hills to groups sponsoring his speeches. After all, ask his aides, who else would pay for it? The state of California? Reagan himself?

What irritates the "YRs, however, is that other headliners at the convention came considerably cheaper. Mrsi. George Romney (substituting for her husband, busy with a legislative crisis) submitted an expense account of less than $50 for a hotel suite rental tile Romney - for - President organization paying for her commercial airline ticket, Barry Goldwater traveled to Omaha via borrowed privaTt plane and asked the YRs only to pay his hotel bill.

A compromise of sorts is likely. The YRs will somewhat grudgingly pay Reagans own expenses but not those of his entire staff. Based on this, they expect the final bill will be just less than a thousand dollm*s. Even this, g r u m b It some YR leaders, is too much to pay for helping Reagan advance his Presidential ambitions.

A footnote: Although he Is clearly the Presidential favorite of the YRs, Reagan was not their first choice for ths banquet speaking assignment on June 25. Richard M. Nixon had first crack at the invitation but turned it down in line with his present strategy of avoiding partisan appearances.

LBJ In California

Even if there had been so

Glassboro summit. President Johnson had no intention of full - fledged campaigning in California while in Los Angeles for a party fund-raising dinner June 25. Days before Glassboro was planned, thf White House turned down suggestions by California Democratic party leaders for a few public appearances.

The main reason was apprehension over the state! militant anti-Vietnam demonstrators. Thus, extraordinary security procedures were followed.

For instance, the precise destination of the Presidents plane was kept secret until it touched down at Los Angeles International Airport. Not even Mayor Sam Yorty of Los Angeles was alerted to meet the President at the field.

Next, the word was passed officially that the Presidents helicopter would land elsewhere, while it actually was destined for the parking lot behind the Century Plaza Hotel (where Mr. Johnson was speaking). He was then spirited in the back door while some 5,000 anti-Vietnam demonstrators agitated against him in front of the hotel.

(Ck>ntiniied On Page 5)

More Rulings On Eavesdropping?

Five things most people grow in their gardens are peas, radishes, ^ans, tomatoes and tired. Dawson Coun (Ge.) Advertiser.

Candidates for the Miss USA title didnt think Twiggy could win it. And, you know, theyre right Raleigh (N. C.) Times

Basic for any stable society and healthy personality is a sound, consistent conscience with well-defined moral precepts.^ Newton ((Miss.) Record.

The old-fashioned wall telephone had its advantages. For instance, a woman quit talking when her feet got tired. Lafayette (Ind.) Leader.

Elmer Roessner is on a brief vacation. While he is away, his friend, adviser and alter ego will write his column.

By WUNDERBAR VON GARFINKEL The question of whether electronic eavesdropping is admissable evidence in civil and criminal cases is heading toward the Supreme Court. In light of Supreme Court rulings that wiretapping is unforgivable, it i.' reasonable to assume that electronic eaves-dopping is also illegal since, after all, it is wireless tapping. Electronic eavesdropping is the recording of statements by electronic recording devices, such as using tape recorders in the back room of police stations, and district attorneys ' offjkcs, or by devices carried if) briefcases or in pockets of

private and public police.

The court has held that a tap put on a criminals telephone may not be quoted to prove that he killed Joe Fink, so why should a microphone, disguised as a rose in a detectives buttonhole, with a recorder dangling between h i s legs, be allowed to record spoken words that would send him to jail?

More To Come

If the Supreme Court, as seems likely, rules that electronic eavesdropping is not admissable evidence under the Constitution, the next question is whether a conversation overheard is admissable.

For example, suppose a secretary overhears a Senator say, Okay, Joe, if I get that ten grand contribution from you, Ill block that Kazinka bill in coinipittee.

Would the Supreme Court allow her to testify against the Senator? Would it allow hw to tell Drew Pearson and Jack Anderson?

Probably not. And with good reason. K an electronic recorder, which can record words just as they are spoken, with intonations and accents, is not admissable, then surely the recollections of witness, without the benefit of electronic recording, without the original intonations and accent in fact, in another voice would not be valid evidence.

How could it be possible, for instance, for Mary Popinjay, aged 22, faithfully to repeat a statement of Senator Doodle? Could she be counted oil to insert the correct and significant cough or the pensive Hmra!?

Still More To Come If, then, an eavesdropped conversation is not valid evidence, would a direct statement be admissable? Suppose a man walks into a police station and announces. I jiBt ed Joe Frank?

The cops, of course, having read the Miranda decision, wil say, Sure, pal, but anything you say can ^ usfd against you, and you are entitled to have an attorney present if you wantto make a staement.

But I am an attorney,"the fellow says, and I just killed Joe Fink.

Someday the Supreme Court may be asked to decide if the cops were eavesdropping on a conversation and if, since a man cannot be forced to testify against himself, he can de it voluntarily.