^ Wednesdty, April 13, 1966

y

N.C. Ports Investment Paying Off

*

Fourteen years ago, in 1952, the North Carolina State Legislature voted $7.5 million for port improvements at Morehead City and Wilmington.

As the Christian Science Monitor reports in its April 7 edition: ^

Because of the sandy nffshore ree^^ the Outer Banks and the shWo^, shifting sounds ^ between reef and mainland the state historically has been bypassed by Atlantic traffic.

For decades it had little or no shipping. Deep-water vessels put in either at Norfolk to the north or Charleston to the south. And for years this stunted the state's industrial growth."

But the first year after port improvements ^^ere begun, 45 deep water vessels put in. Since 1^7 then North Carolina has spent $33 million. Last year 794 vessels called and some 825 are expected this year. When further expansion is completed I^Jn 1968 it is expected that 1,200 vessels will dock ^-jeach year.

North Carolina then will begin to rival its

says the

neighbors as a southern port of call.

<r 7

ility. Isnt

iQuite So

asy

By WILLIAM A. SHIRES

. MOBILE Mobility, now :^e;;;'^})cing preached as an answer many of the economic ills of state and nation, may not be quite as simple and easy for underprivileged families as It sounds.

The word for these families used to be poor. And very often someone would add pround. It vnll be interesting to see in a few yearn the results and relative success of an announced program to relocate approximately 2,300 North Carolina families with jH-esent incomes below the fo-called poverty level.

Already, the fact that it is increasingly difficult for a poor, a poverty stricken or un d e rprivileged family whether white or Negroto simply pull up stakes and move Is recognized and conceded by those who recommend it

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I

9

'

WILUAM

BULBS

Mobility itself is easier to be surein terms of means of transportation. But moving large numbers of families from one place to another apparently creates new p r o b-lems in the long run, both for the families themselves, for the communities they leave and those in which they try to make new homes and find new starts jin life.

PARADOX This poses a sociological paradox and, in essence, raises serious questions about opportunity and motivation in' American to-

<i*y-

Many of these questions apparently are being overlook-d.

America today is described as a nation on wheelsa people on the movewith fwaat migrations of families from place to place, from city to city and from job to better paying job every year.

Actually thers nothing socio

logically new in this. It has always been sowhether pioneers of early American trudging across the mount ai n s and Indian country on foot, those who went west in covered wagons, or those who fled the Dust Bowl in dilapidated automobiles.

What about the mass migration in World War II of tlwse who wanted work in the aircraft plants and shipyards, or those of the Negro from the South to the ghettoes of Chicago, Detroit and Harlem and Watts

EXTENSION - What poverty fighters have recommended now as a new idea is merely an extension of this sort of movement the moving of persons who are unemployed and tiieir families to places where jobs are available.

Again, this is nothing new. Families of modern America are on the move every day, both those of at least moderate incomes and visible means of support, with better jobs waiting, and those who are poverty stricken and looking for better economic opportunities.

The difference is where they go, what they find to do, what economic opportunity they find to do, what economic opportunity they find.

The difference in this and an organized, federally-financ-jBd mass relocaton of underprivileged families is motivation.

COST Moving of a family to a place of letter economic opportunity involves cost, and the greater the distance and the larger the family the greater the cost

A key finding by a North Carolina Fund project team working on the mobility program is that the cost of moving a household is usually prohibitive in cases in which it is concerned.

The family, even if its breadwinner is unemployed, usually stays where it is. It has to. In the mobility projects survey group, the average head of household worked nine months a year or less.

The main reason they havent moved before is ttie expense, says Robert Lofaso, director of the mobility program.

Christian Science Monitor.

Thus we see that the states investment in ports is paying handsome dividends. Not only is this true directly as indicated by the docking figures, but also indirectly by frequent announcements of major new industries at Wilmington.

At Morehead it '"is already a foregone con-clu.sion thaf the port will develop as a major shipping facility for phosphate, due to the mining operations now underway in Beaufort County.

North Carolina limped along for too many years without a major port. Now it can be seen that state funds spent for this purpose are of major benefit to all of North Carolina.

Progress Is Elusive On Political Fronts

It is an all-too-familiar situation in which the United States finds itself today in South Viet Nam. "It is supporting a government which obviously does not have the full support of the South Vietnamese people, and one which may not even have support of a majority of the people of that country.

The United States must exercise great care in order that its role in supporting the Key governments fight against the Viet Cong^is not confused with the fight of the Ky government against many of its own people.

Much the same situation occurred three years ago when the government of the late President Ngo Dinh Diem was overthrown in South Viet Nam. The United States found itself doing some fancy footwork to avoid being caught in the middle of the internal struggle.

In recent months it has been increasingly evident that American fighting men and equipment have begun to change the tide of the military battle in South Viet Nam. At the same time the accomplishments on the military fronts have not been matched by accomplishments on the political fronts. While the military situation has improved so far as the South Vietnamese government is concerned, the political situation has steadily deteriorated.

Somehow the United States must keep it clear to the people of South Vietnam that it is in their country not to support one particular faction or the other, but rather to support the South Vietnamese people in their fight against communism. Unless the United States is able to accomplish this political goal, the accomplishment of the military goals in Viet Nam may be of little consequence in the long run.

Viet Nam May ?ose Disaster

By ALVIN TAYLOR

^i^emarks One Overhears

There must be a way to beat this brown bagging.

One man who went to a local liquor store thought so. He entered carrying a WHITE

bag.

Fill er up, he told the clerk cheerfully.

Judge Charles Whedb e e

Other Editors Saying

A Service To Youth

By JAMES MARLOW WASHINGTON (AP)-Pres-ident Johnson had it pretty much his own way up till now. But now what he faces in Viet Nam may be the greatest disaster of his poli-

This Date-4G Years Ago Today

By JOHN G. DUNCAN April 13, 1926 Great Scientist WUl Be Laid To Rest at Sunset SANTA ROSE, Calif. Beneath a sturdy Lebanon-Cedar near the modest cottage in which he lived during the early years of his experiments, the famous horticulturist will be laid to rest at sundown.-

The Daily Reflector

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Conference To Be Held Here To Discuss School Matters The Pitt County system of education may be ten or twenty years behind several of the other counties of North Carolina; but is is not the belief of the County Board of Education that they remain in the background of the Conference in the auditorum at East Carolina Teachers College.

School facts will be presented at the meeting and open discussion will be held in order that suggestions may be made for improving the efficiency of the County Schools.

tical career.

At home things were going well. The country was prosperous. He kept putting the heat on Congress to pass his legislation and on business and labor to keep wages and prices down.

It meant a lot of bone-aching work, of course: telephone calls from dawn till midnight; conferences at the White House day and night; the endless attention to details.

But this was all duck soup for him. In one way or another he had been doing the same thing for years as the Democrats majority leader in the Senate before he . became vice president then president.

In short, it was a way of life with him and his big advantage was that he understood the American mind.

JAMEh

MARLOW

BasinesSmens Institute Open Frank Stockdale, under the auspices of the Greenville Merchants Association delivers first in a series of lectures i city hall, here. Sulyect Fussy Customers aha Shippy CrRs;"

l^ubiic 1

To The Editor:

How strange it is that commercial interests have to rise to the defense of freedom.of conscience in the Greenville blue law issue.

How puzzling it was to observe the City Council pass the ordinance unanimously 'when ten persons had spoken against it and not one had spoken for it.

How difficult it is to follow the Councils reasoning in.jie-claring the law to be non-religious, when it closes almost everytiiing in town specifically during the hours of Sunday school and church.

How unfair such laws are, in that they deprive orthodox J^Ns, Seventh^ay Baptists,

And even with Viet Nam, despite some intense criticism and demonstrations at home, he had broad public support for the administrations policy of using U. S. money and troops an dplanes to keep the Viet Cong from taking over South Viet Nam.

This was going well, too. And, further, he was backing the military government headed by Premier Nguyen Cao Ky. There didnt seem to be a cloud in the sky. Then the sly? fell in, pulled down by (Cohtihiied On Page 5)

brum

Seventh-day Adventists and others, who voluntarily cease their labors on another day, from 52 days of livelihood almost two months!

How ironic it iis that the rights of these quiet minorities are trampled, while the demands of those who lie in the streets or paralyze a large city are quickly made into law.

And how sobering it is for us to count the deaths of American youths fighting for some ones-freedom in Viet Nam, while we watch the disappear-jince of our traditions of a free "conscience and of the separation of church and state. .

Truly yours, Robert R. Morrison

(Washington Daily News)

People over the state are already asking how much additional money will be involved if East Carolina coK. lege should become East Carolina university?

It is a good question, and the people have a right to know. But let us first say that the real test and the real challenge come, not in the amount of money spent, but in the wisdom used in spending the money. Actually, Dr. Leo Jenkins, ECC president, is n o t talking in terms of spending a lot of money. Indeed, as we understand the proposition, very little increase in the present budget would be anticipated. What is anticipated is enlarged opjportunity for the thousands of young people who come to that intiti^on seeking better educations.

Over this nation today there are many institutions with much smaller student bodies, much less facilities, much less money which are considered to be outstanding universities. East Carolina college today has more than 8,000 students enrolled, and the number will be larger next September.

What we need to^ be talking about is service to youth. And make no mistake about one vital point. The youth of Eastern North Carolina is be

ing served now by ECC. Cre-. ation of university status there will enable the institution to serve better than ever before.

It is rather surprising to us that opposition to the idea has developed in some quarters. We keep wondering how much jealousy might be involved. Some newspaper oppose ideas at times without stopping to weigh the full values to be received if the idea bears fruit.

University status at ECC would mean a great, deal. More private grants could be received for research thus greatly enlarging this field of endeavor. The school could grant more degrees, and many students who otherwise might be denied educational opportunities could find them there.

Why has the opposition de-veloped? Is it because those opposing want to deny some young people enlarged opportunities? Is it because some fear that the status of UNC might be hurt? Is it because some fear that the increased cost might make it inadvisable?

Frankly, we feel that a lot of the opposition is coming from people who just do not ' know what they are talking about. They oppose something before they really know the full story. That is a tragedy in our time.

was asking the Ety Council to authorize purchase of a Breath-o-lyzer with fees he had collected on drunken driving charges.

The machine tests ..alcoholic content of the breatli to determine inebriation.

There are 57 diseases that can masquerade as drunkeii-ness, the judge told the council.

I dont want one of i'ou gentlemen to be caught going home and be arrested, he continued. This machine will clear you.

ALVIN

TAYLOB

I dont want it to convict us either, murmured one of the councilmen.

Three of the four councilmen at Thursday nights meeting wanted it in the record that their wives and children held stock in a firm which plans to build in the Shore Drive area.

Since the firms bid was the only one submitted for the property there was little likli-hood of conflict of interest. Redevelopment Director A E Dubber reported the stock ownership would cause no legal problems.

Mayor Eugene West maintained a satisfied look throughout the discussion. When all had had their say, he report-((Ikintinued On Page 5)

tt . t

Again.

We Go

Arounc.

By JOHN CHAMBERLAIN Copyright, 1966, King Features Syndicate, Inc.

As a glandular optimist 1 seldom succumb to an I give up mood. But if it werent for that inborn Micawber or Pollyanna streak in me,, the last few weeks woul^ have been enough to ponyincc me that life on Uiis planet i just about as meaningful as a voyage in a revolving door.

There is, for example,^ this matter of the Far Eastern experts who have bei so skillfully paraded by Senator Fulbright before the Sen ate Foreign Relations Committee. Back in the late Nineteen Fifties, such little magazines as Isaac Don Levines Plain Talk and Sol Levitass New'Leader performed pr yeoman service in exposing the many China experts who trafficked in and out of the Institute" of Pacific Relations. These experts had one theme; they kept telling the , immensely gullible American public that Mao Tse-t ang, Chou En-lai and their pals would make a much better job of running China than the corrupt gang of Chian|f Kai-khek.

jom

CHABfBKRLAlN

Manfully, General Alb c r t Wedemeyer, who had been in charge of U. S. forces in the China theatre at the end of World War II, tried to warn Washington that the Institute of Pacific Relations had been infiltrated by soft heads who believed, or at least said they believed, that Mao Tse-tung was merely a Thomas Jefferson in a coolie jacket. Some people in the State Department finally caught in Wede-ineyer-Don Levine pitch and a particularly knowledgeable State Department man provided me with material for a Life magazine article called Memo to Rovert Lovett. Mr. Lovett was then about to take an important job with the State Department, and the idea was to show him the extent of the Mao agrarian reformer infiltration of official Washington. Years later Mr. Lovett thanked me for giving him some worth-while warning of what was going on. But the thanks should really have gone to the so-call e d American underground in the State Department itself.

Well, time passed, and the disclosure that Mao Tse-tung was something far more sinister than a Jeffersonain ag-^ rarian reformer did more than any number of magazine articles to discredit such Far Eastern experts as John Stewart Service, Owen Latti* more, John K. Fairbank. Edgar Snow, and Oliver Edmund Clubb. It wasnt any Joe McCarthy terrorist conspiracy that silenced the China experts, it was the Great Flop Backward in Red China itself.

But now, thanks to the help of Senator Fulbright, who has given them renewed respect- . ability, the experts have (Continued On Pago I)

conomy Guideposts Escalating

By JOHN T. CUNNIFF NEW YORK (AP) The war in Viet Nam is not the only thing that has escalated dramatically in the past few years. The administrati o ns voluntary guideposts have also.

The guideposts, first proposed in 1962 as aids to public understanding, now sometimes have the practical power of laws.

Voluntary restraints are asked on a variety of economic endeavors. But the best known and most specifically stated restraints are the wage-price guideposts, whose aim is avoidance of inflation.'

In the name of guideposts, industry has been forced to rescind price increases, unions have been urged to lower wage demands and both companies and unioasJxav e been chastised publicly.

I The guideposts tie wages and prices to the average gain in output per man hour estimated at 3.2 per cent in recent years* Wage increases above that figure are considered inflatioQUO'. ^ iiKhtf-

tries with good profits and a productivity gain in excess of that figure arent exp e c t-ed to raise prices.

When the Presidents Council of Economic Advisers introduced guideposts it des-;iSEtoL:tfaem as .,gite-.xJih-er than a rule, a contribution to public discussion.

By 1964, however, they were referred to as a standard. Aluminum allegedly crossed the standard in October 1965 by raising the price of primary aluminum Vz cent a pound to 25 cents, bringing on another stage in the escalation: enforcement by government stockpile. ^

Stockpiles were designed to assure an adequate supply of materials in case of war. There are some 98 materials stockpiled, a reserve valued at more than $8 billion.

Secretary of Defense Robert McNamara announced Nov. 6 that t h e administrat i o n would sell 200,(HX) tons of aluminum from its stockpiles in the next year, a move which could undercut th increase. L$ov Hickman as sxecD-

tive of Aluminum Co. of America, replied that Alcoa had no intention of rescinding.

The next day, Nov. 8, the administration strengthened its hand: 100,000 tons of aluminum would foe sold im-mediately and another 200,000 lonsin

Aluminum had little choice.

John Harper, Alcoa president, went to Washington, spoke with McNamara and gave in on the evening of Nov. 9. McNamara made the announcement; Alcoas came five minutes later. The stockpile threat was retracted. The guideposts had escalated, gal'glenda .

Copper then met a similar confrontation. But copper was in short supply, the industry welcomed the stockpile and gave up its increase.

The power of the guideposts still was not clear, however. On New Years Day Bethlehem Steel Co., apparently without consulting the administration, raised the price of structural steel $5 a ton.

Company officials were Invited to Washington, the in-creai^# was rolled iiarjc and

then compromised at a fouch smaller figure. The industry acted differently the next time it sought an increase.

U. S. Steel did not await a summons to Washington^ An executive rode down and dis-cussed a^nropQsed ineregse in "i3viiceot^ts snnotfficem^ a recognition once more of the increasing power of the guide-posts.

The U. S. Steel executive told the administration the company wished to raise prices on some products $2.92 a ton and decrease them on others. The arrangement seemed within the guidqposts ^ and was cleared. Gardner Ackley, chairman of the Council of Ekionomic Advisers, applauded the move.

In submitting to admimstra-tion pressure, some buslness-men felt private industry had tossed away a basic Business was permitting government management of its f-' fairs, they said.

Others wonder, howevfr, if business had submitted $t all or whether it merely had learned to win Its way within the esc^ated guidelines.