Tlioridi^, July 5, 1962

%

Economy Of Operction Impottant

i. 1 service expected of economic, growth of the county.

For thr fraf tim ^V^t' P.f /- * t. *u: With the continuing squeeze on revenues it has

vetr has a Ld2t w^twnn l available, and the increasing cost of operating the

if nrtLtt. Kovernment, it is important that the Couny

enfover l bdLTfrth^ approx.mately 7.5 per Cewmissioners and employes in every department ^ Junf 0 hff f fiscal year wh.ch end- of the county government see that every reasonable

stne V^d it PoSf l"o bataSc'^L^'bX" *"

without increasing the county-wide tax rate of $1.25 per $100 valuation.

^ It is significant that the County Commissioners aiTived at the budget for the current year after trimming initial departmental requests which would have required a 11.6-cent tax increase in order to have a balanced budget. Even so, compared with last years budget, increases were granted in 10 of the categories of appropriations in the countys fiscal operation while, decreases were effected in four categories and two categories have approximately the same appropriations as a year ago.

While the appropriations for county operations

So What Else Is New?

fe?

^N'TCOKFu

the/^icvr

Provinces Populace Suffer Most In Battle

The impasse reached by the doctors of Saskatchewan and the government of that Canadian province over the compulsory medical care program is having tragic repercussions on the medical profession, the residents of the province and the government.

As in the case in many instances, the party

id valorem tax is levied showed an increase of approximately 3 per cent over past year. The remainder of the revenue with which to balance the budget came from increases in other sources of county income.

tory manner. There will be no winners; all will be losers.

Many of the doctors of the province'closed their offices to normal medical practice when the governments new compulsory medical insurance program became effective the first of this month. Only

, 4.- ' provinces 120 hospitals remained

ly If appropriations rise at the present rate and operation giving emergency service. Less than half there is not a comparable increase in the base upon of the 700 private physicians of the province were

continuing to provide treatment at the hospitals.

It appears evident that the present tax rate of $1.25 per $100 valuation cannot continue indefinite-

II s J: requently Crucial Factor

, By WILLIAM A. SHIRES J WELFARE She was 10 / irears old. Her father was Vadead, and her mother sick and uhfble to work. The barest essentials for subsistence would require $108 a month.

They made it on $64. on a rrant from the North Carolina department of public welfare for aid to dependent children, the maximum that could be allowed.

The girl became valedictorian of her high school class. Then she received, on merit, two scholarships and worked for tlw rest of her college education. She was voted the most outstanding student and the most likely to succeed in her graduating class.

BLEAK This is a true story, in HoraUo Alger fashion of the sparkling sort that gladdens the heart of case workers and welfare officials.

They are the ones who see life at its bleakest and blackest, sad and sordid, and often without hope except that they might extend.

Public welfare has its critics And its abuses. It has its disappointments and inadequacies, and these often overshadow the bright side.

This is the golden anniversary week of the State Board of Pub-^IfaL-WelCre Jp-JjoitlL-Carolina. -an anniversary of a prgram Which Gov. Terry Sanford called a truly significant landmark In American progress."

HISTORY The program was Inaugurated July 1, 1937, Under Gov. Clyde R. Hoey in the dark days of the depresalon. &uiford, in paying tribute and extending praise to the states local welfare boards and workers, said that there often Is too little appreciation for the WOTk they do offering aid and comfort for dependent children, the aged, the blind, totally disabled and others.

Actually, public welfare in North Carolina is nearly 100* years old.

The state crmstitution. written in 1868, provided for a board to supervise charitable, penal and correctional institutions and *'to look after the general welfare of the poor, the unfortunate and the orphan.

It was not until social security in 1935. however, that federal funds became available to help pay for the welfare programs

administered by the states.

NEEDS State welfare officials sum up the philosopl^ of public welfare this way:

Surely we all recognize that it is really cheaper to meet the needs of children during a few crucial years than it is to have them grow up without education and training, to perpetuate the problems of their fam-.V into the next generation.

It is always better for people to be mi the outside of penal and mental institutions, paying taxes, than oh the inside ... using up tax dollars. Aside from the human misery that is prevented, millions in cold cash are saved.

ANSWER Criticism of public welfare often is harsh, hard and unrelenting. Those who work in W'elfare doubt that the critics know or understand what is done, and welfare work which borders on the right of privacy is rarely popularized or publicized. V

Almost every community in North Carolina, however, has its examples of success stories in the aid to dependent children category. Subjects of these files are called ADC children or ADC families.

There are many of these who are valedictorians, recipients of scholarships, holders of respmi-

bers of town boards, postmasters, successful buslnessmmi. One is a Young Man of the Year in his dty. One is pastor of a Baptist church. One received a city distinguished service award.

One ADC child, one ofnine children in a family wMch received aid after the father went to prison and the mother deserted. became president of the student body in captain o the football team, won a football scholarship to college, married the daughter of the high school principal and is now a social worker with the welfare department.

OTHERS Not all turn out weU by any means, welfare officials concede. But in- case after case, the welfare reports cite the grant to help the family and its corresponding case work as the determining factor or place in life where the i^ipient would have stopped schcHol, and at that point been qualified for only manual labor.

Since last-minute negotiations between the government and the medical profession broke down Tv--Ai *

on the eve of the official beginning of the provinces

new compulsory insurance program, there have ^ __

been bitter attacks upon the doctors by some" gov- By PATRICIA MOORE ernment spokesmen. These, it seems to us, will make a settlement more difficult to reach.

While the doctors have the right to decide whether or not they will practice under the new government program, they likewise have a responsibility to the people to avoid a situation such as that which now exists in the province.

The government and the medical profession of the province must share the responsibility for what

has happened, and they must share the responsi- pies going to school in the^hot bility for the consequences which will result. summertime when you know

It is the public, unfortunately, who will suffer ^

most while the battle is fought between the deetors and the government.

Danger Cult

m

A Beanie Of A Reason

We have been reflecting on the large population at East Carolina Colleges summer school and have decided that

The reason, we have concluded, is beanies.

No doubt you remember the noise a month or so ago about somebodys deciding it would be nice for the incoming freshmen at the college to wear beanies because it would give them a common heritage. It would be a uniting kind of thing.

m

And Heartaches Healed By Mai

ublic

Jrorum

uy JOHN ABNEY

MEXICO CITY .All ye with problems might as well take your sufferings to the Plaza of Santa Domingo here. Where public scribes are engaged in impromptu business advising "and mild forms of psychiatry. Also, they patch bust^ hearts by ma.

The Daily Reflector

INCORPORATED

Published Every Afternoon Except Sunday Established 1882 I^AVID JULIAN WHICHARD, Publisher

Entered at Post Office, Greenville, N. C., as second class mail matter.

m

SUBSCRIPTION RATES By Carrier (In Towns) Week 30r

By Carrier (Motor Routes) Week 35c

BY MAIL, Payable In Advance

GreenviUe Post Office, Pitt County. Rober^onville, Vanceboro, Washington and Chocowinlty. *

Three Months .......... g 375

. Six Months ...... ....f 7*00

One Year ............... ........ 13 oo

North Carolina (other than listed above)

Three Months ..................... g 4 00

Six Months .......... 7^0

One Year ...... 14.00

Plus N. C. Sales Tax All Other Outside North Carolina

Three Months .......................... g 4,25

Six Month* .......................... 800

One Year ................ 1500

This dying industry dates back to the day of the Spanish visit, WBefi ecdBoinifcally unsound men of letters peddled their writing services to the unschooled. And now that everyone is learning to read and write, this enterprise is on the skids The typewriter pilots are making a last stand beneath' the arcade on the western side of the plaza. There, they (Her-ate ancient writing mills, many of which look like relics left ^ behind by the Spaniards when high school, jijgy departed at bayonet point.

And as they flail away at the keyboard, the scribes listen to the woes of the public.

A lad from a small village may want to write home. To let the folks know he is still around, in a manner of speaking. Also to remind that pesos are very scarce here in the city and some extra funds would do no harm.

Off to Santo Domingo he trots and selects himself a scribe. And the work is then done. For it is the duty of the type-jockey to pat ideas on paper in an acceptable form. This he does by taking notes, gazing Intently at the clouds and finally attacking the mill with great vigor.

Frlnstance, a gallant caballero blushes at the thought of proposing to a widow lady so he consults a scribe. In this, the keyboard maestro must be a combination of Miss Ann Landers and Mr. Alf Tennyson. He may also pick up a nice piece of change for pasting out a successful throbber.

Job hunting domestics often need fancy letters of recommendation, even though they have never worked before. For a sharp scribe, this is no real situation. He merely turns out a masterpiece by a former employer who has no telephone and whose address is much too remote and confusing for a personal check.

Besides perio:ming on his

writing contraption, the scribe must be a shrewd judge of economic conditions. This, way he sets his fee. It may range from a few cents per letter for peons to several pesos a page for persons who can stand the tariff.

The unpopular clients are those who take half an hour to hash over what is to be said. Then change their minds and walk off with free ideas. A lit-

(Edltors note: This letter to the Public Forum is a copy of a letter addressed to Hon. William J. Bundy, Resident Judge, Third Judicial District.) Dear Judge Bundy:

I was shocked a few days ago by news stories appearing in the Raleigh News & Observer. in the Kinston Daily Free Press as well as local radio news programs in respect to your criticism of jury verdicts last week. in the Lenoir County Superior Court.

You will probably recall I was a witness for the defense in one of the cases and a spectator during another. BoUi defendants were charged with driv-

that In his opinion anyone who had consumed any amount of alcohol was to some extent under the Influence thereof. He further testified that out of hundreds, possibly thousands of blood tests, he had never made a mistake. There was evidence that indicated a variation in the testimony of the arresting officer between that presented In Recorders Court and that presented in Superior Court, primarily that in the former there was no smell of alcohol and In the latter there was a strong odor. From all the evidence presented in the trial of this case, it seems to me that the jury used sound. and wise judgment

Yes, unite the freshmen because they were wearing beanies and unite the upper class-. men because they werent.

It is our unbiased feeling that some of the prospective freshmen, hearing the noise about bbanles and not desiring to wear such threads atop their crowns came to school early so as not to be> green freshmen and perhaps escape the beanie.

We have conducted a limited survey about the whole situar tlon.

One student answered our query about beanies: I think they would be wonderful: lots of schools have beanies. But then he added, But I wont have to wear one. Hes a junior.

Some people tlnk theyd be kinda cute.

Some people have visions of the poor, persecuted freshmen hovering in comers to escape their elders. And what about the girls hairdos?

^tle.expericnce anA they Jearn-^to- -^ingauler the^-influence a >verd^ jiot

.member ASSOCIATED PRESS The Associated Press U exclusively entitled to use for publication tU news dispatches credited to it or not otherwh-e credited to this paper and also the local news publi ^d herein. All rights of publicatiort" of -special dispatches x re also reserved.

NATIONAL ADVERTISING REPRESENTATIVES Thom* F. Clark Co., Inc., Nfrw York, Chicago, Atlanta Mtaiher Audit Bureau of Circulation.

All adv'tisuig copy must be retelved at lea.st one day before publicatiofl date.

TT

T

spot this type when he drops by. And scat him away for the cash customers.

Senor Benito Mendoza considers that in 20 years of scribing, he has struck about every situation in all fields. Explanations to government tax collectors, a complaint to department store by an incensed lady who popped her new girdle and ($) a rap to the weather observatory on behalf _oL a_pea-sant farmer who declared it had not rained enough' out In his direction.

Maestro Mendoza also recalls with certain nostalgia the classic feud by mail between the popcorn vendor and his fiancee who sold turnips and other items^in the market.

That exchange of cozies went on for months. It helped pay the rent, got a down payment on a pegleg suit and some very zooty shoes. The maestro considers he might have made a ^lifetime career of this project if they had not caught on. For he was writing the letters for both sides.

It is my considered opinion that the public should patronize this worthy enterprise and prevent it from becoming scarce like 4he gooney birds. Education or not, it is of great service tp all who are long on IdiSlts but short on time and talent to put things down properly on paper.

For a mere peso or two, the public scribes will whip up a very professional job in a matter of minutes. I suspect that several of my news colleagues patronize these scribes, especially when a good feature

with somebodys byline appears

in print.

And mind you. I said I only SUSPECT this goes on. For I have never really seen any of my constituents at Santa Domingo. Especially, when I got

there to get a job done.

hoi. The case in which I was a spectator involved a Negro defendant who was charged as a result of a complaint made by a local private detective who had a radio transmitter on his car and who was recently defeated for election as constable of the township. A highway patrolman arrived at the home of the defendant approximately 30 minutes after the defendant arrived at home. Evidence was to the effect that the defendant consumed alcoholic beverages after his arrival. There was no direct evidence that he was under the influence of anything at the time he was actually operating his vehicle. Under these circumstances, I fail to see how a jury could have arrived at any verdict but one of not guilty.

In the case In. which I was a witness there was an alcoholic blood test made by the laboratory technicians at Lenoir Memorial Hospital. The technician testified that the results of his test showed the defendant had concentration of .22 percent alcohol. The technicians also testified that any person^ no matter what his condition or circumstances. was unequivocally under the influence when the alcoholic content of his blood was .15 percent or greater. He further testified that he was opposed to the use of alcoholic beverages and further as I recall,

guilty.

I would be the first to defend your right to any opinion you may have; but In fairness to the citizens of Lenoir County, as well as others who are summoned for jury duty, I think it only fair that they be afforded an opportunity to reply to remarks made to them by a presiding judge, particularly when such remarks directed at them are of a critical nature. To me it would seem fair play to give a citizen who had rather be at his work than rendering jury service an opportunity to answer critical remarks from any court official.

Since your criticism of the verdicts in the cases you referred to' has been widely publicized, I am wondering If In the future this might not result in the conviction of some innocent person. I certainly hope an(l trust your remarks will not adversely influence any future jurors.

The news stories stated that the first case tried during the term of court was one of assault with a deadly weapon but the jury could well have returned a verdict of not guilty instead of one with simple assault. I believe you will have to agree that just about everyone in court during the trial of that case' was of the opinion that the jury would return a

(Oontinued on Pag* 5)

Getting on in the business of college things, we think this is a good time to examine the word threads which w used above. -Eveiy- educated person of today knows that threads refer to your wearing apparel. A woman wearing green threads has a green dress on and a man with brown threads is wearing a brown suit. I like your threads means I like your dress, etc. Threads sort of gets down to the basic essentials of the Piece of material and thence the connotation is obvious. -------

The modem person might further be interested In another word that has come to our attention: scoad (we think

thats how it would be spelled). It sounds terrible.

It' means about the same as a loser, which means a person is the opposite of a doll. In other words, to put it literally, he or she is the equivalent of nothing.

Quote

Commenting on Congressional rejection of war damage claims we had agreed to pay the Philippines, the island nations Vice President Emanuel Pelaez remarked: it seems^hat the United States treats her friends more shabbily than those who are against her ... It would seem .... that one has to blackmail the AnAericans to get anything from them. Chattanooga News-Free Press.

By GEORGE E. SOKOLSKY

Copyright. 1962, King Features Syndicate, Inc.

In the U. S. District Court for the Eastern District of Penn* sylvania, a suit is being brought by Alhajji Tallb Ahmad Daw-ud and Dakota Staton agstinst Elijah Muhammad and Muhammad's Temple of Islam. Muhammad is a Gcorgla-bom Negro, named Elijah Poole, who organized a Negro chauvinistic religious group which is growing in number and In power. It is not favored by the defense oiganlzations of the American colored persons.

In their petitlcaa to the Court Dawud and Dakota Staton both say that they are members of the cult and f that they have been avtive in the Muslim religion which holds'^ that all whites are devils and Inher-, cnUy evil.

According to the complaint, Dawud and Miss Staton say: Pursuant to these purposes, and in the name of the Islamic Faith and the Muslim Religion hd teaches in these various Temples and Mosques Racial Inequality' Black Supremacy* and the separation of the Ne-# gro people from the American community insofar as it is white; he demands renunciation of loyalty to the United States Government; that Negroes be resettled in States as a separate nation; that they avoid all association with white persons, and that they bear no arms in the service of the United States.

Dawud denies that any of this has anything to do with the Islamic religion as it is known in Moslem countries. In other words they insist that Elijah Poole, alias Elijah Muhammad, is a faker. They call attention to the fact that:

The adherents of the Islamic Faith number in the hundreds of millions, but there is no responsibile group of these that advocates racial superiority black supremacy or simi-lar_ doctrines: the principal

teaching being the unity of God and the brotherhood of man. The followers of Islam are of every race and ethnic origin. Should this case, asking for a permanent Injunction, be pursued to a conclusion, it could be that this curious and dangerous native American sect might be completely exposed.

It is about time because its leaders order violation of the law in connection with the draft, requiring that its members not register for Selective Service. There have been recent Incidents of violence in- ^ volvlng mmbers of this group, particularly in Los Angeles where they are quite violent.

The Black Muslim movement is neither Moslem nor a religion. It is a political cult designed to separate Negroes from whites and to create major troubles in areas in the tJntteir States^^^ where Negro masses congregate.

This movement is alike dangerous for Negroes as well as whites. In Phoenix, Arizona, it was reported by police that the cult had a select group Which was trained in judo, the use of fire-arms and gang fights. This fighting element is called the Fruit of Islam.

The Los Angeles riot which occurred in May engendered violence. This particularly involved the beating of police which is occurring too often in our large cities. It is curious that this organization has as- -sociated Itself with a religion which does not recognize its existence, whose language, Ai> able, is unknown to its members and leaders. Even the customs of Moslems are not followed by this American cult.

It is definitely a political and social movement, American in origin and design. Malcolm X, one o!f the leaders of the Black Muslims, said in an interview that his group had achieved the respect of the New York police, which is impossible. How can the New York police respect any group which has as its object ,capturing two states and separating them from the nation?

In effect, all members of this sect have defected from the United States, denying laws passed by Congress and setting up their own rules and regulations. This is done by no other (Continued on Page 5)

New Values For 'Exporting Jobs

Strength For Today

By EARL L. DOUGLASS

GODS ETERNAL POLICY

Beloved if God so loved us, we ought also to love one another a John 4:11).

We may doubt the love of man but we cannot doubt the love of God. The world in which we live is a place of dazzling beauty. With all the petty meanness in their lives, people are in the most part well disposed one toward another. If we read far enough In history, right causes appear to win out. We look with gratitude upon Gods provision for our daily needs in the changing seasons and the teeming fields.

Greatest of all, God has revealed Him.self to us in His word. The supreme revelation occurred when the Word became flesh and dwelt-among us

full of grace and truth. Gods sending of prophets to warn us, seers to guide us, and finally a Saviour to gather up our souls into his hands and fashion them for eternal fellowship with Himself this is Indeed love. < So if God loves us In this fashion, can we not see the necessity of our loving others? Jesus once uttered a parable about a ipan who having been forgiven a great debt went out and choked a companion who owed him a very small amount. Our Impulse is to accept Gods forgiveness with joy and to refuse with bitterness those who have offended against us,

Forgive us our debts as we forgive our debtors. We say it glibly each night, each Sunday, but do we live it? This is Gods eternal policy and we should ponder It.

By ELMER ROESSNER

A new evaluation of exporting jobs by the Uhited States is offered by John Fayerwea-ther, professor of international business at New York Uni- versity.

In. NYUs monthly' economic magazine Challenge. Prof. Fayerweather agrees that the U.S. is exporting jobs but contends that it is the only way we can hold our share of the world market against foreign competition.

Exporting jobs is the term applied to the erection of factories overseas by American firms, since this eliminates jobs in this country and creates new ones abroad.

It is readily apparent that U.S. labor is displaced \^hen a product is shifted from-export to overseas production, the economist wrote.

STILL AHEAD

We are still ahead in ejc-ports, he said. Despite the fact that American factories overseas had reached an am *iual output of $24 billion by 1960, exports , have almost doubled since the end of World' War II.

. The switch to overseas manufacture has ' generally

been a forced one, he pointed out. Though the typical manufacturer would rather produce in the U.S. than abroad because of the economic and political risks In foreign countries, a large portion of the foreign factories have been set up because of ' import restrictions which threatened to cut off export markets completely,

In the typical case, a country anxious to develofi its local Industry or to save foreign exchange threatens to impose import restrictions. The U. S. company has the simple choice of starting manufacture or losing the market. SIGNALS FLY For many months and often yearabefore imports are stopped, government officials will indicate their intentions by suggestions, threats and other signals designed to push the companies into local manufacture . . To avoid a hasty decision under pressure, to get a Jump on other manufacturer?, or to make a good Impression on , the government. the U.S. company starts manufacturing ...

the company that sticks to export when the economics of the situation favors over

seas runs a good chance of losing its market completely to competitors . . . another U.S. company or from a German or perhaps a Japanese firm.

Prof. Fayerweather cited examples: Ford and

General Motors lost the India market to British and German makers when the India government insisted all cars be manufactured there. Heinz lost its Australian soup market when the government suddenly imposed restrictions. General Motors lost the Australian market when imports were banned, but regained it with its Australian-made Holden car.

WAGE DIFFERENTIAL

The economist did not explore wage differentials in his presentation. The fact that American wages have risen so much Is usually held to be a major reasdh for exporting jobs. The fact that American wages are from three to ten times higher than those In Europe and Asia has usually been considered a primary cause for exporting jobs. In fact, some American companies make component* or complete products and import

them into the U.S.

However, Prof. Fayerweather did not Ignore this angle completely. He said, The market for cars in most Eu-rop^ countries has now ex-panoed to the point where a considerable degree of mass producUon is possible. This, combined with wages a half to a third of those in Detroit, gives European manufacturers a strong cost and profit edge over products made here.

Thus the U.S. companies have had no choice but virtually to abandon export to Europe, expanding their factories to produce there and even to Import into the U.S.

Prof. Fayerweather Is also managing editor of The International Executive, and author of Facts and Fallacies of mtemational Business.

AEROSOL INDUSTRY CONTINUES TO EXPAfiD

More and more prpducts are appearing in aerosol cans. Among recent innovations are a sprayable cake Icing in a choice of three colors; a sun tan preparation that |dso repel Insects;^ ppot remover for fabrics, and compounds 'that waterproof tents, auto tops and clothing.