Saturday, June SO, 1962

More Grave Than Mere Mistakes

Some of the mistakes* of the. DepaHment of Agriculture in dealing with cotton planter Estes, as outlined by Secretary Freeman, appear to us to be far too grave to be passed off as mere mistakes in judgment.

The appointment of Estes to the Presidents Cotton Advisory Committee at the time he was already under investigation for overplanting his allotments seems more than just a mistake in ju^i?-ment. Indeed, it reflects very poor judgment on the part of Agriculture Department officials, if indeed it can be maintained they exercised any sound judgment at all in the matter. This assertion is further borne out by the fact that Est^s was appointed to the important committee on the same day that the department cancelled some 3,000 acres of cotton allotment transferred to Estes. .

It may be that poor communications between various divisions of the Department could have been

Lducation

Sees

irue bvolution

Bv WILLIAM A. SHIRES

EVOLLT'ION - A tioie evolutionary process is at woiic in the field of public higher education In North Carolina.

If, as appears likely, Uie legislature next year approves four year ^atus Tor' Charlotte and Wilmington colleges, new four-year senior colleges will have evolved out of the two-year junior college concept of the Community College act of 1957.

There wID then be trthers In this development stage as well. AsheviUe-Biltmore college already is specifically earmarked for senior college status-when its enrollment reaches 700. This will take a few more years. In the meantime. Asheville-Bilt-more and other community colleges established under the 1957 act will become the older brothers of a system of additional community colleges. These also may come into being if the 1963 legislature approves the framework on which localities may act to establish them.

But Qiarl(rttc and Wilmington Colleges would become almost entirely new species.

DIFFERENCE They will retain a few features of the community college, particularly in that they wll be primarily local in nature with no dormitory - facilities. But they are destined vto become entirely state-supported. with strengthened curricula. more faculty, larger libraries and under the control of the State Bqard of Higher Education. The other community colleges would be undeir the State Board of Educawi and administered by 12-m ember boards of trustees appointed by the governor with the advice of the state board of education and also, to emphasize the local voice, with the advice of the boards of county commissioners and the county boards of education in the areas they are to ser\e.

WifTlhe plans for community colleges being hammered Into shape for the 1963 legislatures action, the question aro.se as to the need foi*^ additional four-year colleges.

STUDY North Carolina at present has 62 institutions of high^ J^eaming of all types, public and private, junior and senior. Seventeen are tax-sup-' ported12 by the state and the five presently-established community coUeges both by the state and by the county in which the college Is located. ^

The three units of the Consolidated University of North Carolina carry an enrollment of approximately half of the 40.000 students In the tax-supported institutions. The fh'e community colleges carry only six per cent of the enrollment load.

Five Negro colleges carry 15 per cent of the enrollment In the tax-supported schools and the other four senior colleges account for the other 30 per

cent.

NEED Tw 0 committees of the governors commission on education beyond the high school, acting as a college survey committee, went into great detail on the question of need. It suramariz^ Its findm this way:

The state needs additional four-year colleges for precisely the same reason that additional comprehensive two-year colleges are needed. If we need to make a two-year pro-^ gram rather widely available we also need to extend, but on a much more restricted basis, the opportunity for our North Carolina youth to earn a college degree in a non-residential institution.

It said some 5.000 students are commuters to the 12 senior college and university campuses. most of them living at home and sa%ing board and room for themselves and saving the state the expense,of providing a home away from home.

Then the survey committee considered the question of locating the additional senior colleges where the need is greatest and where a proper start would be made. 'The three areas considered were Charlottf, Wilmington and Ashe\ille. alj with established community colleges.

SPECIFICS Charlotte, the center of the most populous area in the state, would reaclf commuter students in Mecklenburg. Cabarrus. Gaston and parts of Iredell and Lincoln counties. This area, at present. has only Queens. Johnson C. Smith and Daridson coUeges in Mecklenburg. Belmont Abbey > and Sacred Heart in Gaston, Mitchell in Iredell and Barbara Scotia in Cabarrus all. the committee noted, were relatively small and restricted enrollments.

The committee did not mention, presumably because they are just outside the perimeter, a number of private or church senior colleges, such as Catawba, Pfeiffer. Lenoir Rhyne and Gardner-Webb.

The study cited figures to indicate that, even so. within a 30 mile radius of Charlotte a four-year college could antici- , pate an enrollrnent of 3.000 by 1969-70. It said that establishment of such a non-re.sident senior college would result in savings to the state and the .student of several millions of dollars.

The committee noted that the metropolitan area of 100.0(H) people living within 30, miles of Wilmington presently is totally without a senior college.

It estimated that if a public senior college is established in Wilmington, enrollment at the present Wilmington College would grow to nearly 1.700 by 1968 after the full impact of the body boom of 1947 is felt, and that on a corniijuter-college basis, with no dorinitories to be built,, the students, pa-^ rents and the state would save several millions of dollars.

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HP

% contributing cau;?c to the blunder, but at best this represents only a feeble excuse for the action.

In the Estes case, it appears that a lo^ series of mistakes in judgment made possible t^ build- . ing of the Estes financial empir at the e^ense of the people of the nation. All of these mistakes may not have been mad,e under Jthe administration of^ theDepartment of Secretary Freeman, but obviously some of them were. Once the pattern Was established. it seemed to continue uiilil the showdown came within'the past few months.

If the matter had not broken wide open when it di^d, how,n44ich longer would the.se mistakes iu judgment ha-ve continued to Estes advantage?

While investigations are sheding new light daily on the actitms within the Department of Agri- . culture which led to Estes building his financial empire, it is important that steps be taken to assure that similar incidents are not permitted to occur n the future.

It iis not enough that investigators deteiyine how things happened in connjection \,ith theIEstes case. Such information will serve a useful purpose in the long run pnly if decisive and positive action *is taken to prevent their happening again. '

Officials, being human, are subjects to mistakes in judgment from time to time, but in the Estes relation with the DepiudmFnt of Agriculture the mistakes became too nui^ of a pattern to be glos.^ed over as inconsequental.'

Safety Is Only Key To Happy July 4 Holiday

July 4th looms prominently in the middle of next week as a looked-forward-holiday of iTst and relaxation for most Americans.

It likewise should loom as a prominent warning sign for motorists who are planning fheir familys outings during the ..coming week.

With the Fourth coming at mid-week, many families may decide that the, one-day holiday io better fitted'for lounging around home rather than taking a hurrieiifrip to this place or that. Instead of joining the hi^way rush on that particular day, they have decided to do their July Fourthing either the weekend before or the weekend after the actual holiday.

In all probability the. highways will ,be more crowded than us'ual during the, next two weekends. The normal hazards of travel will beTtrcsed by the greater number of cars on the roads.-and the greater number of people in a hurry to get wherever they are going. ^ ^

f It is a 'week in which every motorist should exercise extreme caution on the highways . . .

not just on the Fourth, but throughout the week.

It will be a happy holiday week only if it proves to be a safe holiday week.

If The Russians Had Their Druthers-

T>OC Trtl5H CAN

^^COCi> FOR. You!

By REESE HART

ust 24 Years To Go

ROCKINClia. N. C. (API Isaac Spencer London. 76, turned from the typewriter in his small editorial office and said firmly,

Ive got a lot to do and just 24 years to do it.

Fifty-two years of newspaper-Ing havent slowed-him down. London looks more like a man of 60 and moves with the ambitious pace of a young reporter.

For 42 years he has been editor of the Rockingham Post-Dispatch, one of the most unusual tveekly newspapers in America.

Im entirely unorthodox in

running a new.spaper, said London, dean of North Carolina editors.

I dont care for pictures on the front page. I consider my space too valuable.

London disregards joumalis-tic mles in style of writing and newspaper make-up. He carriers many small items on his fronL page, often with a one-line heading over each item.

There is nothing fancy about ' his writing. The Post-Dispatch from page exudes friendliness, like a folksy letter from home.

Theres the way I want it. . London explained. I want the

Trade Bill Vote

D .:OT \.-X

Other Editors Saying... Xerr-Mills Difficulties

(Christiao Science Monitor)

?eD-

By RAY.MO.VD J. CROWLEY pression. The mood of Congress, WASHINGTON (APi The And the country, was anything

thumping House vote for his but conservative,

trade expansion bill came like a But the New Deal ran out of

tonic for President Kennedy, ^ stem after a while. A turning

who had begun totalk like a point might be said to have frustrated man. v come in 1937. That year Roose-

Ifs no sign, however, that oth- velt, angered because the Suer big. controversial*measures"' preme Court had knocked down

on the Kennedy' program will get through. The reciprocal trade policy, begun in 1934. has had both parties for years. President ELsenhow^r, for in-.stance, was for lowering of trade barriers.

On other ?ubs his defeated farm bilMor example - Kennedy ha.s b(Wn leamji^ the way the troth of. a'^itical maxim;

NRA and .some of his other measures, proposed a bill which would have enabled him to en-larce and thereby p^ck the court. The bill was beaten.

Since the mood of Congress has largely been conservative. There have Ijeen no great inno-:ations in domestic policy, barling of cour.se the emergency measures of World War II.

If the Democratic party were

A presidential candidate's abi- a .single unity, with a common lity to promise is usually far viewpoint. Kennedy could count greater than his [ability to per- , on a dependable majority. But form. Especially if he prom^es ,the party has seldom been this, big innovations. Its like a big tent, sheltering

In the 1960 campaign. Ken- liberals and conservatives, to a nedy pledged l bold and novel degree, this also can be said of programs which he argued were needed to get this country going again.*

This week he acknowledged, at a news conference, that he la9ks a dependable working majority in Congress to get the job done.

T1S despite the ,fact that the Democrats have big majorities in both chambers 64 to 35 in the Senate and 263 to 174 in thf Hou.se.

Kennedy said it was hard to get any bic. controversial bill through bccau.e.so many Democrats vote with the Republicans. But, this has been going on for years.

the Republican party.

In Congress the conservatives ~ Republican and Democratic are the dominating force, and there's no sign on the horizon that this .situation is'likely to change any time soon.

Quote

Only one important advantage of the i.sland,, prison re-niains; Alcatraz is a grim and forbociing .symbol of the ma-je.sty of the law. Escape proof In fact, the^ last lyesident .who prisons can be constructed on co'uld make .sweeping promises of bold innovations, with any real hope of being able to perform. w'za Franklin D. Roosevelt in tlie 1932 campaign when he got elected. Congress really at^ out of his hand foi a while. pa.ssing bill after bill containinsa^va.'-l social and economic innovations. But that was because the couniry had been gouVg through an economic caucly.sjp the Great De-

ihe mainland but it is hard to endow them wdth the sym-belism of isolation and rejection." Richmond News

Leader.'

NaturaFy, for Its puiiaose, the staff report of the Senate Committee on Aging makes as bad a showing as it can for , the operation of the Keri^Mills Act, adopted by Congress in 1960 to assist states in providing medical care for the elderly.

The main function of the committee and its staff sinc its inception has been to provide arguments in favor of the For-ando bill and now the King-Anderson bill for hospital care through the social security system.

The chief indictment hurled Is that, in each of the 24 states thus far co-operating, th^ state giving Kerr-Mills aid requires'' the applicant to undei'go a means test, an investigation of income and a.s.sets, before receiving assistance.

What Is so wrong about this? The social security system applies means tests. Up to $4,800 a year, it collects its payroll tax according to what an em-^^ployee earns and what an employer pays. If a beneficiary under 72 earns more than . $1,800 a year he forfeits his payments.

Labor unions employ a kind of means test when they argue that because a certain company makes large profits it can ' pay a higher wage. Would they want a wage level established at w'hlch every firm in an industry could be a.ssured a profit, with no questions asked about its management?

The proponents of hospital care on social .security are ask-,~ ing the United States to .set up| a large and expensive bureau-4 cratic system to a.ssure bene-/ fits to every covered person.' indigent or affluent, as a matter of right. This could prove to be a luxury purchased at the cost of many sacrifices made

as a result of the payroll deductions, --------------------------------

Particular exception is taken in the committee staff report to the fact that nine states have recovery programs extending to the homds of people receiving help and\collectible after death. Also toMhe fact that 12 states apply family responsibility provisions under wdiich children, if able to do so, are expected to contribute to their parentsl support.

Actually the relief lien Is one of the most practical plans un-" der W'hich people in need but who owm their homes can be given assistance while in possession and enjoyment of their homes. They can feel that to this in^nt they have provided by theii own thrift for this need.

And is any injustice done by enforcing the lien after the recipients of the aid are gone? If they have no Immediate heirs, no one is deprived. If children or other near relatives have been spared a .serious ex-pense, should the state pa.ss along intact an inheritance to them While it waiVes its own claim? ' *

The^se'^practices are not nearly .so*^ black as they have been painted. They are method.'^ which may be ill administered on occasion; but so may a more massive insurance program. They are processes w'hich have the imprint of common sense and by which American society has done extremely well for those who depend upon it.

Has that society come so far from concepts of individual and family responsibility that it prefers to rely on a supposedly impersonal, but potentially political. federal mechanism to do on an indiscriminate scale what .state and local agencies.., can do with more precision and flexibility?

reader to feel that I'm writing to him personally. I consider the birth of a baby in Rockingham far more important than reporting any lowdy session of the United Nations.

When London began operating the Post-Dispatch In 1917, he started running on the front page under the heading, deaths, the names of persons who had died in the county in the last week. He still does this. Pew obituaries, regaidle.ss of the persons prominence, appear on his front page.

Everybody is exactly the same when they die, he remarked.

London uses jokes as fillers on the front page and throughout the paper. In 1942, the University of Missouri School of Journalism classed the Post-Dispatch the most unusual weekly in the nation.

Some years ago after the postmaster's job here became vacant, London wTote a speculative story in which he mentioned .several possible candidates for the post. A few days later an elderly Negro man .stopped him and asked, Are we gonna have a colored postmaster?

No, he replied, whar makes you think so?

Well. I read in your paper that there were a couple of dark horses in the race for the job.

London Is county historian chairman of the International Civitan es.say contest rfor 1%2, and has been chairman of the county draft board for 20 years. He is former chairman of the board of elections and the Rockingham school board.

ODinions

'!n Brief

To those who might have the habit of kicking whatever is done to stimulate the busi-ncs.s climate and comparing our home town with others, W'e .say, If the grass looks greener on the other side of the fence, maybe you better start watering where you stand." Springfield ^Ky.) Sun.

Hell, Michigan, now has a post office, and is there some way We could cohsign to It all the junk mail we get?'The Denver Post.

..Odd fact the population explosion ha.snt yet cau-sed any citys Chamber of Corn-., merce to adverti.se: This Town si Big Enough. Memphis Press-Scimitar.

1st Lady

Human

Int

By GEORGE E. SOKOLSKT

Copyright, 1962, King Features Syndicate, Inc. , .

It was suggested to me that I read an article on Jacqueline Kennedy, wife of the President, which appeared in Esquire, This I did. And as I read it. Written by Norman Mailer, I thought that I could not have been as brutal toward Eleanor Roosevelt in the days of the New Peal as this Mailer is toward Jacqueline Kennedy, whose bread he ate. I do not know Norman MaUer and bear him neither malice nor goodwill.

I read the piece In Esquire and wondered why we subject pur Presidents wives to the kind of nonsense whlch we call human interest. It seems that, having received a letter, from Mrs. Kennedy, Norman Mailer felt like writing to her to say: ...that while I was now engaged in certain difftcultles of WTitlng about the present, I hoped on day when work was done to do a biography of the Marquis de Sade and the odd strange honor of the man.

He knew he was being wicked like a sChool-boy who writes a dirty word, for he says further in this piece:

Now sociology has few vir-tije.s, but one of them is sanity.

In Writing such a letter to Mrs. Kerinedy I was losing my sociology. TTie Catholic wife of a Catholic candidate for President was not likely to find de Sade as familiar as a tea cozy. I received no reply. I had smashed the limits of such letter-writing, In politics a break In sociology is as clean as a break in ^etiquette. -' This article drools on and on in a similar vein of slight ridi- . cule and colossal impudence, all 'done to give the impression of ridicule, as. for instance: "Since Jackie Kennedy was not visible during this time, there was an opportunity to listen to her voice. It produced a small continuing shock. At first, before the picture emerged from the set. I thought I was turned to the wu'ong station, because the voice was a quiet parody of the sort of voice one hears on the radio late at night, dropped softly into the ear by girlk who sell soft mattresses, depilatories, or creams to brighten the skin.

After aFi a persons voice Is what it is, I never heard Norman Mailers voice but whatever the Lord gave him, ban-tone or tenor, soprano or bass, f it Is w^hat it is and he can thank the good Lord that he does not suffer from cerebral palsy or some such thing.

My good* friend, Westbrook Pegler, could take this Mailer apart more competently Than I can, for Pegler Is a surgeon who knows how to cut vanity out of the human heart and bring the conceited down to their proper level. At such a sport. I, alas, am an amateur.

Nevertheless, I wonder Why everyone with a typewriter, bought or borrowed, feels privileged to pillory a" woman who happens, by the accidents of marriage, to be wife to a President or Governor, or even a Congressman. Marriage, being a sacrament, means that one takes the other for better or for worse, and surely the wife of a politician has a tough time.

She is cut off from privacy, which is a womans dearest / prerogative and she becomes a prey to everyone who needs to sell an article to a magazine or who wants tocut a phrase.

It Is not customary in these days to respect human beings for What they are. Rather, we live in an era when there is joy in seeing a fat man Up on a banana peel.

So, Mailer dares to write:

Mcs. Kennedy moved like a w^ooden horse. A marvelous horse, perhaps even a live horse, its feet hobbled, its head unready to turn for fear of a flick from the.crap. She had that intense wooden lank of rest, that lack of comprehension for each word offered up which one finds only in a few of those curious movie stars who are huge Dbx office.

This is not good writing about the First Lady of the land who, in a period of intense national difficulty, serves the nation as well as she can. A Uttle fair play is more mannerly than fanciful verbiage. The White House is a national sanctuary; those who are permitted within its portals have an obligation to maintain lt dignity.

Tlie poiK'V of jiuulic DU.-nif.ss in noi onlv But

llf-cc i V t (I n I r

1 Ik 1 1

ondutting jjubiic'. is

iibsOlULiv U I tJ lie ki

111 7

uly Retail ^oles Likely

Strength For Today

By F.AKL I.. iXrt GLASS AI I. or. .\(>llll.\(i

Ccntuiii-s ui.o ml.siona'i I-* s oul froiji Rome to corAfrt the v.'ikr U'ilje.smcn of Wertern Europe., It is .s^d of ihi.se tribesmen That they were ouUe willing to be baptized iiu id d .their rielit arni' were leu un-bapUzed. With this arm ti ^ cojld .smite their enemies a d be ai pn-Cl'! St an rs tie \ c i c-d to They were p^if c iy willing that'all of them be baptized. sa^ctTiPd, prpvin d r e part of their body be kT fire to be used as they wgnied to tise it. / '

I'liis idea of giving certain ar-e.t.s of our livfs Jo the Ijord and If.servlng . other area.s for Our^jA'CS is a ebnnilau 4nac liee.in the lift of many of n.s. We are all, indeed, under me

euiidf innaiioii of gmlt ni IMi.'; Te. ..iti. Lfune may be guiiiv. to such ai t X i at iht \ Ii lit

tnfiii ine .m: a 'leeabic fM-ra

"hypuci Osi jjioplr In w-

evi r, i i( I ij;,p( 11 ( s i cy

ju.. wi ii.f.i.l t lit SI

\ I to lUi laltiV 1 t vis I ai tl pa i)\ u I) avtn \ iio \ lit to e thf n J '^sits to ( !k1 provided it vni noi involve loo I lucli ?1 saciifice ot Uict.

I t ne oefi^y

c* 1 sned V eai 1 e es

Itio Lo d na m i se for liajf

(1 oui h\(* He has no nvne' 1 101 1 il an Oj' I j^ould

baVe for one naif oi a ten dbl-ia bill C od Is alwajs ie?d\ to forgive 'U. oui' sin.s. but He V' never readv to allow' us to ccm an jX f 1- Ilhn^L_ul

1^ in Celt 111 aicas for oui.scl-

-

- By ELMER RKS.SNER

Retail sales will probably fall off more than .soasonally in doR.

It was predicted here that, despite the .stock market dip, .sales would continue high diir-i^ June, and so they did. Aderal Reserve department st\re tigure.s, one of the fastest inde.xes available, shovved moderate gains during the first lialt of June,

However,- a ri.se in eon.sume.r e<iuti;)ii, lias appeared sinc^i-then. .Some families are licking the wdunds .suffered in the mai-ket 6thers are adopting a wail-and-.seei attitude, hoping that jf .stock.ifaU, ..^0 might consumer price.s. 5

Meanwhile, savAgs continue to n-'ount...|n fact, higher rates for .savings may. in the final' analv>i$, be one of the major Qau''es of the stock market 4idr

! AT' GE.ST GAIN

When bank.s started offering 4 per cent on savings and sav-111 ^.s and loai assoekvtloua tsL fered even more, many familie.s s*artcd selling stocks which; at

the seasons high, jTilded much le.ss.

During the first thife months of this year, the Security and Exchange Commission reported, individuals .sold $1 billion in slock but added $4.4 billion /in bank savings the largest quarterly gain "in American his-, lory.

This trend obviou.'^y continued in April and May^^and/tliy ri.se in stock .sales has l>een g significant factor in .stock price.s since then.

'In addition to the phenomenal rise in bank .savings, there also appear to have been parallel increases in savings and loan depo<=its"^ and in investment in bonds.

The.se present a challenge to retailers, home builders and others with things to sell consumers,

THE CONTEST FOR SPEND-ING POWER . .

Personal income' has .^/|ntin-.ued its .steady .rise, adaing tor the total .avings. People have aecmulattons of money ahd tlieii: niimhrrs air incrrasine.

The ehallei'ge. therrfnrr. Is to present goods and scfVices so

atliactively that prospects will prefer to .s-^pend than to save. When families will want new funiiture, new homes, new cars,, new appliances and new services or ev'en new .stocks more than they want 4 per cent interest, sales will rise again and. in tuni. .so will stocvk prices.

Sellers have a number of tools: Belter products, more advertising., sha vTd prices, more satisfaction. greater status, higher pre.stige. rpore comfort,

Those are tools that have been u.sed before.

The spending power is there. Its up to sellers to make,consumers want their goods and services more than they want figures in a passbook. They must be taught ,tp want the comfort of an air conditioner more than they want U2 a year in bank interest; they must be encouraged to enjoy tht fun of a great vacation more than 4.6 per cent interest on their money "in a,savings and loan fund; they nnist be made to de.sire the ex-j:-CitemTnt of the st<Kk market more tvan tK^ bririrom of 3.75 per cent tax-free Interest on

state bonds.

Business wdll largely level off in July. But dont let any businessman complain to you. Tell him its up to him to find a "way to pi-y loose the cork that bottles up^vings.

OLD PROMOTER SAYS TWI.ST LIFTS BUSINESSS FACE

The twist has done a lot to improve businesss image, the Old Promoter said on his visit today.

So? I so-ed.

For years I have been complaining that businessmen made asses of themselves by posing for pictures with highballs in their hands "at trade conventions. These pictures, published in trade maga^es; created the impression t H a t conventions were drinking bouts for the business elite.

But this .season, businessmen and their wivq lye,being photographed doing the, tv^st at conventions, And no man Is tycoon enough to hold a highball while twisting. The.;delepates may be looking more Topllsh. but iBr y are also-looking more sober.