Wednesday. June 20. 1962 ;

Can't Afford Waste In Big Budget

The 24c tax increase tentatively set by Green- the general fund, vllles City Council for the fi.scal year which begins Of the approximately $1,017,000 earmarkea

July 1 is by far the largest tax increase the city to.be spent in city operations during the coming has had in recent history. fiscal year, approximately $23,000 will come from

It reflects an increase of approximately 17.4 f valorem taxes (property taxes). The remaining per cent of the existing tax rate of $1.38 aiid will revenue for the citys operationslightly less than bring the citys tax rate to $1.62 per $100 valua- ''iil come from sources other than ad valor-

tion. At the same time the Council has given ten- cm taxes.

tative approved to an increase in city expenditures/ The net effect is that citizens will be paying

amounting to approximately $99,000 during the approximately $85,000 more in property taxes for coming fiscal year, an increase of approximately city operation during the coming fiscal year than 11 per cent over the current year. ' during the cun-j?nt'fiscal ^ear.

In spite of the increased tax rate and the in- Although ,thp proposed city budget does not

crease in spending planned for the coming fiscal to he a fat one from the standpoint of

year, the budget, on the surface at least, appears operations of various city departments, the fact a to be a tight one. There is little earmarked for tax increase has been found necessary imposes

capital expenditures other than the funds budget- greater responsibility upon the Council to

ed for cffcistruction of the Carver Librarv. There is reasonable economy is effected dur-

no indicltion from the fire departmnt budget n? the coming year. It imposes a greater respon.si-that^any plans have been made to construct the Council to see that every tax dollar

new fire substation for which boiivds were approv- spent in the \Msest possible manner and that tax-

ed two years ago, because there is no indication Pa.'crs receive full value in terms of services for

that additional personnel.are to be added to the ^''ery dollar spent.

fire department. ^

Although the amount of the tax levy ear- AnotnAT* JjnV FOT* Pitt marked for debt service has been increased by six A WA A all

cents, the total amount of bonds and interest to be , rvi ffi nil

retired by the city during the coming fiscal year is VOlGIS XO \jO XO A OllS

approximately $2,000 less than in the current fis-

cal year. The difference in the proportion of the Saturdav is another important dav for Pitt

Ux rate designated for debt service is merely a County voters and one which should find the matter of shifting of more ad valorem revenues qualified voters of the countv making their way from the general funds to debt service and more to the polls to cast their ballots.

May Have To Um Smaller Thread

yy.

revenue from other sources from debt service into

Goina

Future

Slow On Colleaes

By WILLIAM A. SHIRES SLOW Storm clouds of otT-jection arose from preliniiiiary recommendations to establish 14 additional two-year community colleges and Gov. Terry Sanford was quick to react The governor put, out the word to go slow. Whatever is done, he said, should not be leaped Into hastily.

He has sugge.<ted further careful study of \ariou.<^ reac of objection and possible con troversy, cspeciatlv financine location and public support. The final rccommenda.ions which will be tumed in by the governors Commission on Education Beyond the High School depend entirely on two key factors. public support and money Sanford thus wants an acciir ttc gauging of reaction to the plans from pt'ople oilier thai) ed ucators.

DIVISION There ha.^ not/ been too much division appai/

, ent in the ijodics which have been working on the suiAeys k and recommendations for 'community colleges. The committees. however, are top heavy with educators representing viewpoints of state-supported and public schools. '

One key area of conflict is the effect of community colleges on privte and church colleges.

Sanford thus wants an accur-pathy with problems faced by private and church schools. He directed the fund-raising drive for two new Methodist colleges In 1959 and Is chairman of the board of Methodist College in Fayetteville. As govenior. he also is chairman of the trustees of the Consolidated University of North Carolina. Public education and the improvement of It have been the keynotes of Sanford's political career.

There is, as yet. no clear policy in the community colleges plan for .spelling out areas of responsibility and mis Sion of public and private colleges and universities.

Sanfords own idea of a de-siiable balance is 50-50 on enrollment and support.

FINANCING - In the matter f financing, which brought the most serious immediate objections, Sanford has made clear that he favors local support of community colleges. The preliminary and tentative plans for financing asks localities to put up the capital outlay funds

and to contribute 15 per cent of the operating costs.

Also Sanford said, many other decisions must be made before the community coUcge plan can be implemented.

Sanford stressed that whatever plans for community colleges are caUe^ for in the recommendations they will be considered long range, and sub-Tct to change. They will merely be a blueprint for action under what he called the most ideal conditions. It ' is likely that a St? 11 will be made by the- 196.3 General As.sembly oii these long pnse plans, but that is all.

The full commission is to lake up the matter of its community college recomiiienda-ions at a meeting June 22 in Chapel HillG

'' RATES Rates on compulsory automobile .liability insurance rates have Ijeen going up. And this pre.sages anothc- hot round of debate in the 1963 IcgLs-iaturc about the states motor vehicles finanfcial responsibility act.

Gov. Sanford made it vinual-ly certain with his statement that he is not entirely .atis-tied with the pre.sent law and is thinking about some changes.

The governors tliinking reflects public reactionand specifically reaction to the increased costs brought about by rate increases.

The 1961 legislature enacted a safe driver plan for liability Insurance which was designed to offer drivers with good accident records a better deal on rates. But from a practical standpoint, even those drivers who qualify for reduction as safe drivers, find their premium costs are-no lower than they ever werethe rale increases wiped out any benefit. For those who dont qualify under. such plans, the rates have taken a sharpjump.

The rates appear to be the most obvious difficulty, according to the governor. He added that the increa.sed cpst is working hardship in many ca.ses.

Insurance companies did not like the law when it was enacted in 1957. The rates have been increased on grounds of heavy financial loss.

What Sanford and the insurance department will be loo/--ing for is some way of protecting the public against uninsured motorists on what Sanford called a fairer basis.

At stake in the Democratic party second pri-* mary is the countys seat in the House of Representatives. This seat is of particular importance in this years primary because of the fact that for the first time in two centuries, Pitt will have only one member of the House instead of two. Until this year Pitt has been entitled to two representa- u_. titpxtpv lives in the lower house of the egisature, but be- tlLlSKY H(.>WAK cause of reauportionment of that body, Pitt now will have only one member.

Some 8,000 of the countys registered turned out on May 25 to vote in the first primary.

Alfhough that number was small compared with the total number of* registered voters, there are usually fewer voters to cast ballots in a second primary than in the first.

The Reflector urges all the registered voters of the county to make a sincere effort to get to the polls Saturday to cast' a ballot iiv this election.

It i.< not only the privilege of registered voters to store cowboys. After a time, he ])articipate in the election of officials, it is their responsibility as citizens to do so. We trust the citizens of Pitt will conscientiously discharge this citizenship re.-pon.'sibility by going to the polls and voting, on Saturday.

Change

vo"I! Campaign Moves Along

HOT, SULTRY weather around here lately lends an overall Impression of draggi-ness, the drug-store cowboy in the air-conditioned drug store was saying Tuesday.

He applied his draggy theory to the usual wide range of topics available to few but drug-

reached the empty-cigareppack-drive-for-stadium-funds underway in behalf of East C^xo-linas Ficklen Memorial Stadium.

He wondered aloud if that, too, Is dragging.

Vast Politico', ^moortance

The Daily Reflector

INCORPORATED

Published Every Afternoon Except StmdBj Established 188^

DAVID JULIAN WHICHARD, Publisher

Entered at Port Office. OreenvUle, N C. a* second ekm mail matter.

SUBSCRIPTION RATES By Carrier (In Towns) Week 30c

By Carrier (Motor Routes) Week 35c

BY MAIL, Payable In Advam.

Greenville Post Office Pitt County RobersonvlUe, Vanceboaro Washington and Chocowlnlty.

Three Months ........ $ 1.7#

Six Months ................... 7.00

OnegYear ' , ^ 13,00

North Carolina (otuer tjmn listed aboee)

Ihree Months | 4,op

Six Months ... ' 7J0

One Year itjjo

Plus 3% N C Sales Tax All Other Outside North Carolina

Three Months ......... 7v.. .^7........ $ 4i)0

Six Months ......... gjOO

Year ........................... 13.00

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4

By RAYMOND J. CROWl.EY

W.ASHINGTON (AP)-Farm-eis and city dwellers alike should keep their eyes on a ca.se the Supreme Court has just decided to review. The outcome is likely to be of enormous political importance.

It may give a tip-off on ju.st how^ much political power the man-with-the-hoe, or in modern parlance the man driving the tractor combine, must surrender to his city and suburban cousins.

The Supreme Court has already ruled that courts have jurisdiction to handle complaints of mtrobolitan residents, that state voting systems are , invidiously unbalanced.

In more than 30 states, there Is ferment. City and suburban citizens have started lawsuits, forced special sessions of .state legislaturesor threatened to, launched( movements for state constitutional amendments or taken other steps. Their aim: to get more representation in state legislatures, in keeping with their vastly increased numbers.

One big trouble is that, so far, there are no sure guidelines on what constitutes invidious, unconstitutional discrimination.

' Must slate voting Systems give each man s vote the same weight as every oUier mans, or nearly so? Can one house of a state legislature be apportioned on a population basis like the U.S. House of Representatives and the other according to geography -like the U.S. Senate)? Nobody knows for certain.

On Aprils, a three-judge federal court threw- out a century-old county unit system in Geor-r gia. even though it had been slightly modified. This system was used in Democratic primaries for goveraor and other offices. Under the old .system'' a lural residents vote could be ;worth 99 city votes.

The Democratic party of Georgia appealed to the U. S. Supreme 'Court. The tribunal agreed Monday to hear the case, but not until the term starting next Octoi>er. This apparently means that, with the county unit system out the w in-dow at least temporarily. Georgia will .select its governor Sept. 12 on a basis of .popular

votes.

The three-judge lower court suggested that a unit system would not be invidious if the difference in the weight of individual votes ill various counties were no greater than In the U.S. Electoral College.

This would allow much lee-

SUGGESTION by that quasicowboy spurred a lazy amount of hot-weather research. Evidence luicovered indicated attitude, that the penny-a-pack campaign jogs stlessly along, is misleading.

In fact, the e.mpty packs seem to be piling high' at this early stage of the game.

For example;

a company spokesman said

his staff handled a spot-check in the Greenville area the other day to determine response to the campaign. He said 100 of the circular collection boxes yielded about 8,000 Chesterfield, Oasis and L&M packs. Thats 80 bucks worth.

response to 15,000 alumni letters, paid for by Liggett & Myers, brought early replies including a note from an elderly lady who said she didnt smoke cigarets but she wrote her thoughts that the campaign was a good idea. She lent authority to- her thought with an attached $10 check.

another letter brought in a stack of neatly-folded silvery in-ner-wrappers from the packs. They appeared pressed with a hot iron to resemble silver dollar bills. It.s an assumption the company will fork over at least a penny each for them, too.

for empties. East Carolina may extend the campaign for as long as it likes.

And there are no strings attached. Liggett & Myers appears to be leaning over backward to play its name and the names of its brands down while boosting the name of the stadium and the college.

The company has taken more than casual interest in the local project.. An L&M vice president reportedly visited Greenville from his New York office last week to see how the drive w-as going.

'WIDE-OPEN is descriptive of the companys offer to donate a penny a pack during the drive

Other Editors Saying,

This would allow much lee- TTTTi TT T O

way. The greatest disproportion y\l C\\f^T - - - - 10W

in the Electoral College is be- ^ ^ i. V V J-JWl 1'^ .

in

tween Alaska, which has three electoral votes, and New York, which lias 45. This amounts to one electoral vote for 76.000 citizens of Alaska and one for 375,-OOO citizens of New York.

Will the Supreme Court go for thi.s .standard of reasonableness? The decision next term may tell.

It may take another decision, or .se\eral more, to determine guidelines for state leglslaturcs.

For example, the Maryland Legislature reapportioned this year to give metropolitan areas control of its House of Delegates for the first time. It left rural sections in command of the Senate.

Now there is a fight in the state circuit court to force realignment of the Senate as well. But Judge O. Bowie Duckett has indicated he will not do it. He pointed to the federal plan whereby each state, no matter what its population, has two seats in the U; S. Senate.

Again under court pressure, AlSbama Gov. John Patterson has called his legislature into special session, though not without a blast at what he called federal invasion of s t a t e s rights. The legislature is now in its second week but has not acted. Various' bills have been offered, to reapportion one or both houses. Members of a small-county bloc threaten a filibuster in fafor of a Senator for evei-y county plan.

In Oklahoma a federal court is on the point of ruling on complaints that heavily populated area.-, lack sufficient representation in the legislature.

In Wisconsin, the legislature convened at Gov. Gaylor Nelsons call, to reapportion or have a federal court do it instead. Nelson is a Democrat and the Rcpublican-controJIed legislature is not happy, One GOP leader said; Nobody is going

(Continued on page five)

(Rofky Mount Telegram)

Should mankind survive the age. of nuclear insanity he may very well face extinction in another form the lack of usable water. That may sound farfetched since three-fourths of the earth's surface is water. But note we said usable water. An authority on the subject, Dr. H. G. Baity, .see little hope for the promise of using sea water as a substitute for fresh water.

Dr. Baity is a University of North Carolina professor of sanitation. He spent 10 years helping to direct the United Nations World Health Organization. He was in back in Chapel Hill last week lecturing to engineers, .sanitation and health officials on the problems that now^ beset the world through w'asteful use of our resources.

One of the urgencies of today is the rapid consumption of the earths riches, including water. Man is making too few' plans for his survival beyond the next 18 to 38 years. The resources most of us have taken for gVant-ed and which were assumed to be Inexhaustible are actually so limited as to disappear from practical usefulness within the lifetime of our childrens children.

There are two kinds of natural resources those that are used up and are gone forever-such as coal, oil, iron ore, and tho.se which with proper cafe can be used again and again, like air and water. Planning only .38 years ahead is too short-sighted in view of the ex

plosions of population today.

At the time of Christ. Dr. Baity pointed out, the world s population was about 300 million. consequently the demand on the earth s resources was only fractional. In the next 16 centuries it doubled to 600 million and in the next 300 it quadrupled and 90 years from now it will quadruple again. What kind of demand does that place on water, air, coal, oil, timber?

Depending on science to man-' ufacture substitutes as quickly as mankind uses up the real resources is not the solution, especially when it comes to wa-ter. Dr. Baity sees great hope for the southeastern section of the U.S. because its water supply is unique in the world.

We have a treasure beyond value and we must protect and conserve it with the utmost jealousy and care, Dr. Baity warns. The South is developing at a fast rate. People from other regions w'ere slow In finding this area that nature has so abundantly blessed with climate, topography, water and industrious people.

This delay Is fortunate Insofar as water resources are concerned. because we have been given the time to see the experience and mistakes of other regions, to witness the tragic abuse of water in the most populated and industrialized regions, and to put into effect sane and thoughtful measures for sharing water resources for a long time to come.

Such campaigns have been quite successful in other parts of the country.

ECC football coach Clarence Stasavlsh says he's heard a similar drive at a Michigan university brought in 10 million empty packs and $100,000.

ODinibns

The country needs the dissenters. A nation of conformists can be led astray or misinformed. Fi'om our earliest pioneer days we have respected the dissenter; let us never forget his right and his place in our scheme of democracy. Clarksville ( T e n n.) Leaf-Chronicle.

Bureaucratic gobbledeygook increases year by year. In government parlance. the new name for a pay clerk is compensation specialist.Charleston tS. C.) News and Courier.

A new book says that, as a nation, we are not getting much pleasure out of life. At the same time, medical science keeps us alive longer. Were living more now but enjoying it less.Kansas City Star. *

One of our pet peeves is excessive paperwork and records. The country seems to have become almost idolatrous of the god of forms. Tne Greensboro Record.

/

BLOODMOBILE

GIVE BLOOD

BLOOSOBILE

BE A DONOR

BLOODMOBILE

A Bad Year For. These

ip bill

Needs

By GEORGE E. SOKOLSKY Copyright, 1962, King Features Syndicate, Inc.

George Washington's Cabinet consisted of five members. Thomas Jefferson, Secretary of State, Alexander Hamilton. Secretary of the Treasury, Edmund Randolph. Attorney General, General Henry Knox, Secretary of War, and Samuel Osgood, Postmaster General. There were no political parties at the out-. set and Cabinet members were advisors to the President as well as Administrative officials.

By the time of the Eisenhower Administration, the Cabinet had growm to 10 members, in addition to a Secretary of the Cabinet. Furthermore, the "Vice President was given a seat at Cabinet meetings and the heads of various agencies were called in at specific sessions. A Cabinet meeting took on the aspect of a large committee.

During the Kennedy Administration, the announced meetings of the Cabinet would indicate infrequent sessions.

As the size and nature of government changed, the Cabinet took on different characteristics. For instance, Woodrow Wilsons war advisors included such persons as Bernard Baruch, Herbert Hoover, Col. House and others who were not members of his Cabinet at all but to whom were delegated authorities and responsibilities beyond those of Cabinet officers.

The National Security Council, in the Kennedy Administration, consists of the President, the "Vice President, the Secretary of State, the Secretary of Defense, the Director of the Office of Civil and Defense Mobilization, the Special Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs and the Deputy Special Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs. As we are constantly concerned w ith the problems of w'ar and peace, the heart of the government has been moving from the Cabinet to the National Security Council in both the 'Eisen-hower and Kennedy Administrations.

Similarly, whereas the Secretary of the Treasury was. at the beginning of our goveniment, the Presidents advisor on fiscal and economic policy, the President, since 1946, has had a Council of Economic Advisors. Such a document as Alexander Hamiltons Report on Manufac- ^ tures would today come from the Economic Advisors. Statisticians must have more than numbers: they must have sense. Intelligence used to be provided by State, Army and N#vy, but now is the function of the Central Intelligence Agency which came Into existence in 1947.

Even the newest of governmental functions,'*me conquest of space, has been tumed over to the National Aeronautics and Space Council which consists of the Vice President, the Secretary of State, the Secretary of Defense, the Chairman of the Atomic Energy Commission and the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.

There are a large number of independent agencies which perform Administrative or Administrative .and Quasi-judicial functions simultaneously which do not report to any Cabinet officer.

Thus the Cabinet has* been relegated to a lesser position and its members have become largely Administrative functionaries whom the President consults concerning political or general policy.

The change in attitude toward the Cabinet has this point of public significance. When Presidents relied upon their Cabinets, the people had a better idea as to where the President^ got his advice and information.

It is true that all Presidents have had private friends and close relatives who whispered In their ears and whose advice, at times, might have been of value. Lincoln, it is known, not only disliked but distrusted some of the members in his Cabinet. Franklin D. Roosevelt had little confidence in the judgement of his Secretaries of State and preferred to deal with other members of the State Department.

Nevertheless, the Cabinet was, in public, at any rate, the principal advisory group to the President. Everybody knew who they were and there have been many instances when Cabinet members were as distinguished or more distinguished than the

(Continued on page five)

. ?eoDle

\

Strength For Today

By EARL L. DOUi.LASS THAT MINORITY OF ONE

After Jesus had healed a boy afflicted with a terrible malady the lad fell down on the ground and. the Biblical account has , It "that the more part said, He Iff dead.

The majority expressed an opinion and it was wrong. Jesus, the minority of one. called the boy back -from collapse to restore health, The*more part often decides that a cause is dead. Someone has stood up for a righteous cause and has been rewarded by the scoffs and jeers of his contemporaries. You cant put that tljing across, they say, The issue is dead. Oh to Ix' sure it would be the right thing to do, but it can nf be done.

'I through history majorities

have been turning thumbs down on projects which registered advance. Anyone who believes that the voice of the people is the voice of.God needs to go back and reread history. Crow'ds have been, wT(?ng just as often as crowns. The tyranny of one man is debasing but the tyranny of a mistaken majority is even more so. . . "

All tliis encoilrages us to fig--ure out for ourselves what we believe to be true and tp act accordingly. Pay no ' attention to the more ^part. They are just as likely to be wrong as you are. All the mistakes on the pages of history have .somewhere along the line had majority support. Dont be afraid to constitute a minority pi one and to .speak out bravely what you believe..

By ELMER ROESSNER

Probably one of the worst, businesses to have been in last year was the manufacture of furniture. For every 10,000 establishments, 289 failed, according to a study of commercial failures through 1961 by Dun & Bradstreet.

The .study showed that los.ses through faiJures topped $1 billion for the first time last year. The number of failures was the highest since the depression year of 1933. '

The study showed a rise in failures in New- York, Chicago, Philadelphia. Detroit, Cleveland, Baltimore and Cincinnati, and a decline in Los Angeles and Houston.

By stalc.^ Oregon ..had the highest ratio195.6 per 10,000 listed conceiTO. California was next with 136.9, Florida third with 133.1 and New York fourth with 129.5. However, D &, B explained, A high failure rale doe.s not necessarily indicate an unhealthy economic con

dition. It can merely Indicate unusual economic activity. LOWEST RATES Wyoming, with 1.7 failures per 10.000 busmes.ses, was the o'w-est in the nation. South Dako-

fe'red the worst with 150 failures per 10,000 estabUshments. Someone must have overestimated the population explosion.

The rates in other retailing lines:

ta was next with 8.2 per

lo,-

Sporting Goods

134

000.

Furniture & Furnishings

126

Among industries, manufac

Womens Ready-to-Wear

115

turers of transportation equip

Mens Wear

103

ment were second to furniture

Cameras & Photographic 103

makers in ratio of failures;

231

Gifts

102

per 10.000 took the Federal bath.

Appliances, Radios & TV

85

The failure rate per 10,000

Bakeries

82

manufacturing companies in oth

Shoes

72

er major industries W'cre:

Lumber & Building

Leather and Shoes

183

' Materials

56

Electrical Machinery

130

Dry Goods, General Mrchan-

Apparel

130

dise 7*.

56

Textiles

114

Automobiles

Metals, Primary and

Womens Accessories

54

Fabricated

103

Books & Stationery

52

Chemicals and Drugs

76

Jewelry

49

.Paper

69

Eating k Drink%

Places ^

Machinery - -

66

46

. Printing and Publishing

-58

Auto Parts & Accessories

46

Lumber

52

Hardware

40

Pood

45

Drugs

36

Stone, Clay and Glass-.

42

, Groceries, Meats & Pro-

'In retailing. Infants and chil

duce... \: 1

29

The low' rate of grocery, meat and produce establishments is interesting since they constitute one of the largest segments of retailing. Margins are generally low, and suppliers tend to cut off deliveries as soon as payments slow^ down.

The study supported the old surmise: Few businesses (3.2 per cent) fail the first year. During the secondt third: fourth and fifth years, the failure rate is high. After that, it levels off..

drens wear establishments suf- Farm Implements

27

NOW THEY HAVE TO LEARN. TO FIGURE. TOO?

The Detroit Research Institute is planning to teach businessmen the fundamentals of mathematics in three weeks time. The course, starting August 6, W'Ul cover algebra, trigonometry, analytical geometry and calculus, as well as such* modern., mathematical concepts as Bei ' and matrix algebra, To find the 40 per cent markp on a $2.90 item, write Detroit R-search Institute, 12 E. Hancock, Detroit 1.