Wednesday, June 6, 1962 ^

Now, What Are They ^Going To Do?

The sudden change in the administrations out- any mention of reduction in federal expenditures' look toward possible income tax reduction next year to offset revenue losses that probably would result gives rise to speculation as to both the economic from a reduction in income tax schedules. This fact and political implications of the announced'inten- is pertinent in view of the deficits that have shown Uon. up on the federal books during the Kennedy admin-

It was only a few daj-s ago that Commerce istration. The budget admittedly is unbalanced and Secretary Luther Hodges^ following the stockmarket several billions is a forepne con-

dip, asserted immediate tax revisions on the federal when the carrent fiscal year ends on th-

level were needed to assure a healthv economic last day of this month. With higher appropriations aituation. Other administration spokesmen at the called for in the new fiscal year w-^ same Ume refuted his remarks and gave the appear- remains the odds-on possibility it will he

ance that Secretary Hodges was out of step with another-year of deficit spending for^deral opera-the thinking of other members of the Kennedy tions.

cabinet. ^ Most citizens, we are confident,^^uld welcome

, -- , , , . , , , a downwrd revision in federal income tax levies'.

Now% with the suddenness which l^s caused ^t the same time most citizens would likewise not ^nsiderable surprise, Secretary of the Treasury ]jke .pe such a revision predicated on higher Dillon h^ announced the administration will pre- deficit spending by Uncle Sam for his annual opera-sent to Congress proposals for across the board tions.,. *

income tax reductions before the current session \ow that it has set up its trial balloon on a closes. It has been made clear, however, that no possible income tax reduction, the dministration" congressional action on the forthcoming proposals has the resnonsibility to follow this with a clear-would be expected until after the first of the year, 014 explanation of what steps are to be taken to Obviously concrete ta:i:-reduction proposals eliminate deficit spending for operations of the from the Democratic administration in the next federal government, couple of months would provide ammunition for thv congressional election campaigns this fall. It would help the stock of many Democratic candidates wh( have suffered along with the Democrats because to the uncertain economic conditions suggested by recent stock market gyrations.

Surprisingly enough there has not yet been

Wonder What Scared Him?

!3usiest Office After Elections

Br WILI.l.^M A. SHIRES

ELECTIONSThe telephones ring constant^ in the'office of the State Board of Election^ days'after voting and the man who fields the calls is Raymond C. Maxwell, the boards veteran executive secretary.

These are busy days for Maxwellthe interim pcnod be-tv een the primaries of Mav 26 and the canvass of the S.ate Board schedued for 11 a.m. Friday, June 8. in the Hall of the House.

Wc have no idea who will show up. nor what will be brnupht up. Maxwell says. *Tt could be any number of thincs.

There have been do/ons o calls from local election officials about ^nc matter or another since the primaries.

Li most cases this Spring the questions and the CMnplaints Involve local races.

There were complaints about the wa.v ballots were marked in one county, about charges of vote-bu.\1ng. ballot box stuffing and other illegal or unethical matters.

Very few of these can be handled by telephone or from a distance.

Il cases in which local boards cannot settle the invariable disputes. the State Board of Elections may be called on to investigate. This does not happen often. Usually. Maxwell is able to answer questions that help a local board straighten out a local situation,

SITUATIONSIn most cases Maxwell can rely (wi a precedent. In others, he may suggest that the Attorney General's office be called on for a ruling.

This was the case when the names of candidates for constable In a Pasquotank County township were omitted from the ballot. The issue w^ill have to be settled by w'rite-in votes .in the November general election.

In the case of a Mitchell

County dispute irivohlng Repub- ^oved away. Then cards or let-Ucan candidates. Maxwell told Mitchell officials you are on the scene, do what you think best. He suggested a recount and was told that a recount had been niade, but had not materially affected the result.

In other cases. Maxwell has to ask for more specifics.

Li Watauga County, a knotty' problem arose about the Cove Crek precinctsecond largest box in the Countyand a dispute over balloting for sheriff

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Cultural Heart Of A Big City Is Removed

Loss of more than 100 busine.'^s, civic and cultural leaders of Atlanta in the worst single plane disaster in aviation history is a blow from which the Souths largest city will not quickly recover

The immediate impact of such a lo.^^s to th city is one of shock to its citizens and to families and friends of those who died in the crash. From

KcNMigfat8pidiMte,lm.

'Rei'MAMNiN

and county commissioners In the Democratic primary.

There were serious charges,' Maxwell said. One man signed an affidavit that he saw another man stuff the ballot box . . that's a felony. The man he nmed denied it.

It turned out that there were 206 more ballots in the box than there were names on the poll book, and there was no immediate explanation. Actuallj'. however, it Is not unusual for the tally to be different. Li rush hours at the polls, judges may not get all the names, and miss others from time to time during the long 12 hours of voting.

It is imusual for as many as 206 names to have been omitted.

Maxwell suggested a hearing by the . Watauga elections board. Run-offs are likely in the Watauga contests.

BOXESHe was asked whether the entire box might be thrown out. This is a fairly drastic solution in ca.ses of controversy.

We respect the sanctity of the ballot box and try to preserve it if there is any way in w'hich w'e can do so by determining a fair outcome, Maxwell said. The courts have held that before a box can be thrown out that it must be so peimeated with fraud and flagrant violation so' as' to make it impossible to determine a fair count.

Absentee balloting Is not as much of a cmitroverslal issue m primaries as it becomes in the general elections. Li piimaries, only servicemen have absentee ballot rights.

Maxwell .said the procedure for calling for a purge or new' registration of qualified voters in North Carolina counties is clear. But. he added, it Isn't done consistently.

The purge may be ordered by a county board, and the registrar and judges meet to examine the registration books and compile a list of names of voters who may have died or

the longer viewpoint, however, it will not be easy p oat RnVT 1? for a city even the size of Atlanta to fill the vacan- T LiEd

7hose Were The Days

NEW YORK (AP> Your years ai*e showing if you can

cies in leader.'ihip left in the wake of the crash.

No community loses a large number of its civic leaders in one fell swoop without suffering a setback from which it takes years to recover. In the case of Atlanta, an official has said it may take the city-a quarter century to recover from the lo^^ of civic leadership that resulttjd in the crash. That remeniber

i? not to say that the more, than 100 who died in .''if'.g3 a regular Saturdav the crash were the only ones capable of giving the morning chore to carry out city the kind of civic leadership it needs. Certainlv furnace ashes from the base-there are hundreds of other citizens of the city who

occupy similar plaqes of leadership in the life of sls.sy^UmI^^nS^me^ wealthy the community. It will take time, however, to re- played golf, and only the poor place the losse*!, to train new leaders to take the bowling,

places of those who were lost so suddenly in the crash.

In any community the leadership afforded by citizens who are willing to give their time and talents to civic affairs, is an intangible a.^set that is difficult to measure. Without such leadership, however, a community can press forward. A sudden and ti-uly in love w'ith her if void in such leadership in any communitylarge or smallposes a crisis of the first order which is not quickly remedied.

You treated a heavy cold by grea.sing your chest and covering it with a piece of heavy flannel.

EveiT kid in a large family had an insurance policy that co.st a dime a week.

A girl knew you were really

you bought her a double-dip ice cream cone.

People stayed up half the night trjing to get Pittsburgh on their new crystal radio set.

Cars had running boards.

The height of sophisticatiwi in a teen-ager was to ow'n a yellow slicker on which was painted in big black letters, Oh. You Kid;

Children took their baths in a big washtub In the kitchen on Saturday nights.

Doctors charged $2 for an office visit and $3 for a home call.

Half the ministers in the nation were denouncing nimble seats as a moral -peril to the young.

Horses were still the bane of

Given Into

Triority Soace Cookies

Other Editors Saying. le Trillions

ters are mailed out. to confirm the name wliich has been ques-UiHied,

This is done with consistency in the counties which have fulltime loose-leaf registration systemsWake. Cumberland. For-sjlh. Guilford, Mecklenbujg and Wilson. Some other counties are in process of adopting this system.

There were entire neiv registrations in a dozen counties or so this year.

By RAY.MOND J. CROWLEY

WASHINGTON (APt - Space scientists gave high priority today to solving the mystery of the crumbling cookies.

It's a culinary problem that must be licked before astronauts take off for the moon and Mars.

Even a weightle.ss .spaceman has to cat. Malcolm Scott Carpenter first American to munch on solid grub beyond the -tug of gravity reported sadly after his three-orbit flight May 24; The cookie.s crumbled and the candy melted,

Just what it was that crumbled was still uncertain ' today. The Pillsbury Co. and the Nestle Co.. Inc., which designed bite-slje snacks to withstand the rigors of space flight, both expressed strong doubts that their snacks crumbled.

They acknowledged, however, that chocolate may have wilted, because the temperature in Carpenters capsule was an im-expected .104 or 10.5 degrees.

Both companies said they are awaiting reporus from the 'government on just what happened. They stand ready to pursue research lo the hilt.

A Nestle representative made plain this is more a patriotic labor of love than any urge for profits.

^,^We do not expect food for astronauts to become a b i g-voiume iteni, he said, There arc not enough customers. But we think it important to give spacemen something solid to chomp on, rather than imbibing baby food out of a tube, a.s John Glenn did

Glenn, after his flight Feb. 20. hinted he could have used a ham sandwich. But he warned against crumbly foods like cake. Crumbs float around and can distract an astronaut who Is doing 101 things, including looking out the window for fireflies.

So the two 'companies, at the

bche.st of th^ authorities, put their best brains to work.

The Billsbury snacks are three-quarter inch cubes, coated with an edible glaze. Carpenter took three kinds of Pdls-bury snacks, composed f chocolate, figs and dates, and high protein cereal. In reserve, in case the authorities called for tlicm, were many other varieties of tiny cubes, including compressed ham, cheese, roast beef and chicken.

The Nestle snacks are bonbon shaped. They arc composed of a vegetable fat base and non-fat milk solids, with delectable foods mixed ui. Into Carpenters capsule went three kinds orange peel plus almonds. high piotcin cereal plus raisins. Nestle's also pre-parent backup bon-bons, including one that tastes like bacon and eggs.

Carpenters dinner pail was an opaque plastic bag. It may l>e that sonic snacks were damaged in packing, or that-the bag banged against the capsule w'all as the jouiTiey proceeded. Carpenter made one recommendation; that the bag be transparent, so a fellow could see crumbs inside and take steps to prevent them from escaping.

Quote

During a scholarly discussion a mother here a.*ked her 9-year-old what the *D.C.' in Washington, DC. stood for. Democratic Convention, he replied, promptly. Sometimes it seems that way the.se days. Dallas Morning News.

(Richmond News l.,eader)

It is no trick at all for the average Amerlcait to imagine* a thousand of something. His car costs two or three thousand, his home ten or twelve thousand: he knows what it to drive sand; he knows what It is to drive a thousand miles.

A million of something is a quantity at the outer limit of mans comprehension. If he puts Ills imaginatioi) to it. he can understand that some cities have more than a million population. that somewhere many millions of papers and records are on file. A million of something tangible is not so tough.

But the mind boggles at a billion of anything. Where one million may be grasped, one thousand million defies visual comprehension. It is no good stringing imaginary hundred-dollar bills to the moon and back, with Washington , monuments of bills left over. The concept of a billion dollars loins into a mental barrier, and stops there.

What. then. Is one to say of a society in which the ordinary taxpayer 'not the physicist, not the astronomer! will be expected to comprehend flgure.s that run into trillions? We approach that point now. Last week Senator Byrd inserted in the Congressional Record^ another of his meticulously documented statements on government fi-, nance. The headline writers numbly put a caption on it: Senator Put.s Federal Obligations at $1.2 Trillion. It might as well have read 1.2 bananas. Obligations pf $1,242.000,000 000 are beyond the mortal mind.

Yet it Is important that an effort be made to understand what Mr* Byrd is getting at here. He Is warning us. firmly but temperately, that the United

States of America, rich as It Is, strong as it is, is in trouble. The dynamic forces that propel our economy are laboring under a burden of fantastic debt, public, private, and corporate. Our society is rushing tow'ard a fearful day of reckoning and if that day Is yet far off, it appi*oaches more swiftly year by year.

Where does Mr, Byrd get this figure of $1.2 trillion? His 10-page statement, frugally mimeographed on both sides of the paper, spells out chapter and verse from official government sources.. The national debt now amounts to some $296 billion; the coming fiscal year will see $J88 billion authorized for expenditure on Federal projects: the govemmenfs fixed and specific contingent obligations, such as guaranteed loans and Federal insurance In force, amount to $338 billion: finally, such moral obligations as future Social Security liability, already accrued. amount to $420 billion.

As the Senator willingly concedes, there is no realistic prospect that most of the cbntin-gent liabilities will have to be met any time soon. The bulk of them may never have to be met at all. The Governments record of foreclosure on Fed-ei'ally insured loans has been entirely satisfactory: no one

imagines that a collapse of the banking system will demand that billions be paid depositors through the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. -

Nevertheless, his point is entirely valid: The obligations are there, fixed by law or fixed by moral commitment. In., any balance sheet, these are plainly liabilities. And the Congress, if it w'ould function wisclv as the nation's board of directors, must keep this balance sheet ever in mind.

street sweepers.

Men wore two-piece bathing suits. A fellow who showed up in nothing but swim trunks would be ordered off the beach.

Few people played guitars, but it was a real social asset to be able to strum a ukulele.

A cat was a useful pet. It was expected to earn at least part of its living by catching mice.

Half the people in town still kept chickens in their back yard, and it was a childhood delight to go out and collect tlie eggs.

You couldnt buy a ticket to the burlesque theater unless you were old enough to be in long pants.

Nobody counted calories, and a meal without gravy simply wa.sn't a meal.

Prohibition ruled the land, and everybody else in the family was banned from the cellar as a safety measure . while father bottled his home brew'.

Yep, those were the days. Remember?

I ODinions

In

If the Peiping regime were interested in. the welfare of the Chinese people, rather than ill fostering worldwide communism, it could divert the money it spends on war preparations both at home and abroad to buy food. There could be no objections then to selling American wheat to China. As conditions are, we would be bailing out a dictatorship which is a threat to all nations. The Portland Oregonian.

If people, young and old, wonder sometimes how taxes got to be, a burden, they can be sure it was by adding one thing after another that seemed desirable at the time. Lumberton Robesonian.

The railroads are doing the best possible job with tlie re.sources they have.. Their future actibns w'ill necessarily depend on what is done to relieve them of obsolete, unfair, destructive and artificial burdens that prevent economies and a living profit. Industrial News Review.

The Eastern North Carolina pewer play which gerrymandered the Eighth -Congressional District in a wave of get Jonas sentiment also succeeded In making the re-election of three Democratic congressmen more diffkiult. The Charlotte Observer.

I

Change In Our Society

By GEORGE E. SOKOLSKY Copyright, 1962, King Features Syndicate, Inc.

Thelma ' B. Wright, who.se address is not on her letter, writes me:

In your column in the Herald Examiner, May 9th regarding the King Anderson bill, I wish to say, that it is a pity, * that one of your four major Illnesses, did not prove fatal. As far as I can see you would be no loss to the community.

"You have a collossal nprve, to say that people who cannot afford medical care etc., are in that predicament, due to shiftlessness and profligacy.

All I can say Sir, Is drop dead.

This letter,- jvhich Is the acme of human "kindness, Is a very Intelligent addition to a serious discussion of an important current political problem. But It Is Indicative of the enormous change that has taken place in our societythe bitterness over the Welfare State and the assumption that Horatio Alger was all wrongthat thrift is a wicked practice: that spend-, Ing up to the last penny is sound.

' Of course, when so large a share of everyones earnings go to taxes, federal, state and local, it is difficult to save.

Nevertheless, this nation was built by thrift. It was built by the expenditure of private funds, patiently saved and invested, not for hasty profits but for permanent growth. Most of the large companies started as small ones and grew by putting earnings back into growth and by selling participation to those who had saved their money.

Let us have a look at this situation from the standpoint of the stock market panic. The small man, who bought a hundred or so shares on margin and who has probably been w'iped out, calculated for some time that .he was the owner of, let us say, $1,500 w'hich Is now gone.

The economists may .say that such a man did not lose that $1,500 because he never had it. They may say that he imagined that he had that money because he read in the news-, papers or on the ticker that his particular stock was worth that amount of money, less taxes, if sold on a certain day.

However, this man did believe that he had $1,500 and he lived accordingly. He bought a car on time; he bought a refrigerator on time; he bought his wife a fur coat on time. He felt fine. He figured that as he got some more money he would buy more things on time. That $1,500 multiplied itself many times, perhaps 10 or 15 times and all on time.

Now, he has lost that $1,500, imaginary or otherwise, and he will have to meet his obligations out of his salary. For a year or two, he will be cautious. He. is not going to take a tour on his vacation but w'llL stay at home and cut the " grass. Go up the line to the man who lost $15.-000 or $20,000 and the situation is even worse. That man if frightened and he is looking for a scapegoat, just as during the 1929 panic, he looked for a scapegoat.

He will not, of course, blame himself. That Is too much to ask of any man. He will not say that his judgement was bad; tha the got into a game which he did not understand; that he was a gambler and speculator and was caught short by the debacle. He must say to himself that he is an acme of w isdom and that someone plotted Ills defeat. He wants the government to do something about it

Unless stocks are Iwught for investment, there must be ah element of gamble in them.

It is absurd to believe that a free enterprise system can exist without loss. Where there is a profit, there must be the possibility of a loss. Only in the Welfare State is it posible to guarantee persons against loss, but "such a guarantee must lead to state control of business. If the state guarantees a business against loss. It must eventually take over the business.

The trouble W'ith the thinking of Thelma B. Wright and many others is that they demand, government guarantees for themselves from the cradle to the grave but reject the consequences of their demands. The ultimate consequence could be a socialist state.

It mu.st be anticipated that the trend is toward a Welfare State in this country and that the opposition to it is trifling.

Rubber heels are recommended lhe.se hot day.s. They dont scratch the desk .so

Value Is- In Goncentrated Work

ea.sily.

Pres.

F'ort Myers News-

Strength For Today

By EARL L. DOUGLASS PRAUTICLNG THE PRESE.NCE

We stated yesterday that*we would try to explain to ourselves the meaning of the expressed, practicing the presence of God.

* We believe because our religion encourages us to believe that God Is everywhere: in heaven, throughout the universe. Ill the world, right in the very center of our hearts. We do not understand this because involves concepts of time and space which are beyond anything we earth-bouqd creatures know. But by an act of faith confirmed, we believe, by reason- we accept as true the teaching that God Is everj'W'here.

But simply to believe this is not enough. If this belief is going to do ua any good. w

must get It to operating in our lives. We do this through many' of the practices of religion, but particularly by taking the thought that God Is everywhere, and holding it in our minds for at least some ^rlod every day. With the passing of time, we begin to experience a sense of Gods presence. Some, of the great and saintly have developed this power to such an extent that it became a continuous experience for them from the time they opened their eyes in the morning tintil thy'closed them at night.

For that common-garden variety of folk which most of us are, the experience may be oc-caslonal and fleeting. But practice in this as brings rcsuli.s

. By ELMER ROESSNER

Knowledge work, is what Peter F. Drucker, economist and management consultant, called it at an American Management Association meeting. Management is what most other people would call it.

But. whatever its name, we aie not getting our money's worth out of it, he said. He de-fincdj^ix major common sins:

I. Tlie tendency to do a little bit of everything. Knowledge work is productive only if concentrated. The research department w;i^th .50 profes.sional working supposedly at 500 projects can only produce meetings. . , Most businesses .spread out into doing everything, in re-.^arch, personnel, accounting, market analysis, etc. The first requirement of making knowledge work productive is to .set priorities and -to confine ones self to doing the really import-

brlng peace and a scaae'o ia-acr powr.

antrather than all therinterest-in all things ^^ing thing.s it would be nice to and result.'i, do

FARM OUl SFFUIALTIES IL Tile tendency to do every

thing ourselves and inside the business. "Only absolutely essential w'ork that occurs all the" time should be done inside, the rest farmed out. . .The Inside staffs need an enormous but hidden support force in payroll, accounting, rent, office equipment and supplies, in management and 80 on. . .Once a man Is on the payroll of an inside staff hell stay on the payroll w'hether there is a job to be done or not, Worst offenders, he said, are public relations staffs, personnel staffs and technicl reearch staffs.

HI. The tendency to add new products and never slough off old ones. Put eveiy staff activity and operation on trial for its life every three years, . . Dont allow adding on a new project unless staff itself propos- -es which old one to stop or taper off.

IV. The fatty degeneration of staff services, In the large busines.ses. staff services to operating people are as. a rule not productive. Central office

staffs have too many clients and are far more concerned with producing and selling a line of canned programs than with the problems of the operating people.

CONFUSION COMPOUTVDED

V. The tendency to abuse new tools. The computer and electronic data processing. . . tend to make things more complicated and more confused. Any computer that is not being used to cut the amount of data supplied management In half, but to produce the meaningful half, is being abusedand by that test, most are.

VI. The" tendency to manage overhead costs by bellows and meat axe. That is, to let them blow Up uncontrolled in good times and cut them back without judgmentby the popular across the board 50 percent budget cut for instancewhen ther is pressure. Knowledge work princes orWy if carried on over a long continuous time period. Dont start anything you wouldnt maintain in bad-times short of bankruptcy.

SHORT & SIGNIFICANT bits of BUSLNESS

Sales of soft drinks in cans have Increased 172 per cent since 1956, Steelways magazine reports, . .Irelands coffee imports doubled between 1958 and 1961. . .Older people constitute a better market for furniture than newlyweds, the Latex Foam Rubber Council reports. . .

Boating accidents will increase this year, predicts the Association of Casualty and Surety Companies. . .Addison H. Ver-ill, president of the Dale System. Inc., calculates that the average industrial thief steals for three years and two months before he is caught. . .The Small Business Administration is looking for a manufacturer for a gavel w'ith a head shaped Uke a battered shoe. The patent is not held by Khrushchev. ., .One reason why air travel Insui-ance is so high: Lmbert St., Louis . Municipal Airport exacts 33.8 cents out of every dollar of gross premiums receipts at |be field.

-r-