May 80, 1962

Pointing Up The Divided Opinion

S|Bln^i^he"pScTaTdp* mini.fg"not blo'crThr poLUilit* or*deve!o"ing

Saif nnini! poiuU lip. majoi' phosphate industry in Beaufort Coiillty.

cin> a diviaed opinion in Beaufort (mmtv ;ivi>r TVitr i .

Exporting Their Surplus ^

.. - opinion in Beaufort Countv over

tlia matter.

At a hearing last week conducted by the-Board of Conserv'-ation and Development, predominant opinion expressed by some of the leaders or the county was against mining operations in the river. In the Monday hearing, however, it was apparent that a great many of the average citizens of Beau-

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Somebody h Every Wreck

By BILL CROWELL Department of Motor Vehicle* Guest Columnist When I asked Ed Pickard of the Carolina Motor Club for a lino on North Carolinas earliest auto accident he said see OsnnaQd Barringer. Of course Mr. Barringer is dead now tiid I was never able to follow up In full the brief conversation I had with the late Charlotte au-UHTiobile pioneer.

But in that talk several years ago 1 recall he mentioned a col* lislon between the single auto In Charlotte at the time and a dray wagon. Or.^naybe it was a horse and buggy. Anyway this must have been at least 60 years ago and. if it wasnt the very first wreck, it probably was still the top news story of the day.

Auto wrecks since then, of caurse, have become so commonplace people scarcely bother to watch them pick up the pieces anymore.

Last year by way of Illustration autos crashed and banged into each other, turned over, ran crff the road, smashed light poles and railroad trains in a grinding symphony of 60,844 accidentsor incidents as Com

merce Secretary Luther Hodges more accurately termed them when making safety speeches.

The state keeps track of highway carnage through the offic es of Motor Vehicles Commissioner Edward Scheldt whose staff workers labor elbow deep in a vast collection of IBM cards, accident reports, data and miscellaneous filled-in forms.

These trained men and women know where the wrecks happen and to a great extent why. Careful analysis of accident facts from raw data tell them this. What the safety experts can't get used to Is why drivers wont listen.

Year in and year, out statistical machinery rolls our faultless wlumns of figures show-lng driver error responsible for most of the mishaps78 per cent of them last year for a faM. The weather, traific. highway and auto defects have some part in the macabre drama of killing, but when the curtain calls are made It's the dri\er who takes the bow. If thats the right phrase.

I've no way of accurately checking, but if that Mecklenburg crack up so many years . ago was indeed North Carolinas first, then its even money that one. of the drivers was legally In the wrong.

Take a ridiculously simple . rule like driving on the right side of the road. Certainly theres no room for misunderstanding here. Why then the 238 death-dealing wrecks attributed to this violation last year? If a shake of your head is an answer, w^elcome to the club. No <me else has a better one.

Other assorted violations were behind nearly all of the reported wrecks last year. Although an accident by definition Is something unexpected. It follows that when knowm causes are tneated so cavalierly something bad inevitably happens.

Something bad turned to worst possible in the summer of 1957. On the morning of June my telephone rang. Theres been a bad on* near Fayetteville. the highway patrol dis

patcher said. At ,least 14 dead. Together with State Trooper Glenn Russell and UPI-man Bill Shires we hurried east, arriving at the intersection of US 301 and NC 102 about mid morning. What we saw is hard to forget and even harder to describe. Before the case was closed 21 Negro migratory workers had died from injuries suffered in a flaming collision between two trucks, the worst such accident in American transportation histor>'.

The death vehicle, driven^by a 20 year old farm worker, was jammed with 40 laborers, en-route to a days work in nearby fields. A stop sign stood at the Intersection to halt traffic on NC 102. Did the farm truck stop? Apparently not for a moment later It. and its human cargo, was demolished by another truck northbound on US 301.

The official accident report read, Disregarded stop sign. The investigating state trooper reported. Prom my investigation of the accident. I am of the opinion that the farm truck made no effort to stop at the intersection before entering US 301. The vehicle loaded with farm workers ran out of NC 102 and into the path of a northbound produce truck, Rehashing the nations worst highway crack up is pointless unless it offers convhicing e\i-dence that traffic laws must be obeyed. Theres no assurance that drivers will do this, of course, judging from the files of the Motor Vehicles Department. And its because of this indifference, ignorance or ineptness that enforcement becomes necessary.

As one nationally regarded traffic expert has written. The act of an irresponsible driver Is a crime again.st .society and must be dealt with as such. . . there is no excuse for one set, of rules against homicide and another, more lenient .^et of rules, against motor vehicles murder.

The protection of individuals from the negligence of others Is one of the most important functions of government as related to motor vehicles.

Fortunately. says Comrrlts-sioner Scheldt, most drivers dont think of traffic law as a petty tyranny imposed willfully on them by legislators, police and the courts.

Tlie really intelligent driver knows something of the philosophy of traffic laws and realizes they are for his own good. Yet we find a constantly repeated pattern of violations involved in the thousands of mishaps ..occurring in North Carolina every year.

There were 106! death-dealing traffic accidents throughout the state last year. Three distinct violations excessive speed, driving on the wrong side of the road, failing to give the right of waywere definite factors In 741 of those fatal smash ups. which tends to substantiate a belief held by professional traffic people that Law breakers are accident makers.

Prom the first wreck to the one that happene.d nine minutes ago (statistically true*, it is a discouraging near-certainly that someone acted unwisely, unsafely or unlawfully.

They recognize the countys need for industrial development, and they are anxious that operations thwarted several "years ago by the states decision not to lease rher bottoms for miningnot be killed off again.

Certainly the Department of Conservation and Development recognizes the importance of the Piingo and Pamlico Rivers to Bea^ufort County and to the statn..It is evident, we think, that the state is taking sufficient precautions in drawing the proposed leases, to assure that the rivers and their fish and wildlife will not suffer because of the mining operations. It is also evident, we think, that it would be shortsighted indeed both for Beaufort County and for^the state, for the proposed industrial development which would come to the mining operations to be deniejJ for that county and for the state.

W e cannot accept the assertion of some opponents of the mining operations that Beaufort County must decide between having the industry and ruining its rivers, or preserving its rivers and keeping out the industrial development. There is no reason for Beaufort County not having the phosphate industry and also retaining its two rivers which are recognized as great assets. In our opinion the state is seeing to it that sufficient safeguards are being provided in the proposed leases to assure that the river.s will not be ruined.

The state has the obligation to help protect the rivers, but it likewise has .the obligation to the people of Beaufort and surrounding counties to help encourage industrial development rather than becoming a tool which will deny important economic opportunity and potential to the people.

A Coordinated Effort To Help Able Student

While laymen and educators discuss the merits of whether every high school graduate should be given a chance at a college educationregardless of what his previous record of scholastic achievement might have beenwe find ourselves much more concerned about a problem at the other end of the scholastic scale.

\\ e find ourselves concerned about the number of top students in high school graduation classes who ^re not going to college because of economic or other conditions although their scholastic records indicate they are capable of gaining most from a college education.

In North Carolina, which has the dubious distinction of being the 40th state in the number of its college-age iieople actually enrolled in college, more attention needs to be given the problem of getting more of the top students into college. There are many valedictorians and salutatorians among gradating cla.<ses from smaller high schools in North Carolina this year who have no plans to attend college. Bor many of them the cost of *a college education is the major stumbling blofck. Either they have not sought out sources of help, or they have '

By HAL BOYLE

Truly; Forgotten Man

NEW YORK (AP) The governinent safeguards the whooping crane and the bald eagle.

The government has programs to protect the young and vSoften the last years of the old.

The government has programs to aid the manufacturer and help the farmer.

. Name any group in America and the government has thought up something to do for it.

Eveiy group, that is, except onethe ihiddle-aged.

Thi.s governmental neglect of the middle-aged is hard to understand when you consider they are one of the nations

great natural resourcesas Important in their way as iron ore, lumber or the corn crop.

Middle-aged people hold most of the votes, pay most of the bills, and do far more than their lair share of the national worrying.

If all the middle-aged people in America went on strike and did nothing but sit on their hands * for a month, civilization as we know it would crumble like a fallen cookie.

Realizing their own key Importance in the scheme of things, more and more thoughtful middle-aged people are beginning to ask,

not lieen sought out by the colleges of the state.

It seems to'us that a greater coordinated effort needs to be made by the public school systems of each county and by the colleges and educators of the state to get these Jitudents of high scholastic ability into college foIlow,ing their graduation from high school.

Charity Or The r^oying Program

Other Editors Saying, After Graduation What?

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By JAME.S MARLOW WASHINGTON < AP) Two things stand out in the windstorm kicked up over the medical care program backed by President Kennedy and the one the American Medical Association likes.

1. Theres a basic difference In principle between them. It is the difference between charity the (AMA program) and self-paid insurance (the Kennedy program).

2. Neither is the complete answer to old peoples expenses when they get sick because neither covers all people over 65 and neither covers all their costs.

Take the two programs separately.

Under the one the AMA likes (the Kerr-Mills Act which has been in effect since I960 people who need help and can quality for itget it free. But not all can qualify.

The federal government and the states pitch in to pay the bills. Not all states have this program. Those which do set up their own standards.

This means that one state will pay more kinds of medical bills than another. It also means the limits on who can get the coverage vary.

In one state a person with more than $1.800 a year income can't get it. In another, a person with $1.200 a year income cant get it.

When people do qualify, what .they get is free.

The program Kennedy supports <the King-Anderson bill now in Congress) is based on

the principle of self-paid insurance through a Social Security tax. Not everyone could get this either if it became law.

Only those over-65 people entitled to Social Security or railway retirement benefits would be eligible, or about 14 million of the 17 million now over 65.

Those other three million would not be eligible under the King-Anderson bill and would have to get protection under the Kerr-Mills Act (if they could qualify or find some other way 0/ paying their bills, i. The Kennedy-backed proposal would not cover all the medical bills.

It would pay most of the hospital costs (each person would have to pay from $29 to $90 of his hospital bill and nursing home costs.

Under the Kennedy program each person would have to pay his own doctors bills.

At a time w hen the Kennedy administration and other supporters of the King-Anderson bill are supposed to be going all out for it. they are showing an extraordinary reticence in criticizing the Kerr-Mills Act, which they dont think goes far enough at all,,.

It has become regular policy with Kennedy not to say anything critical of fellow Democrats or their handiwork, presumably because he thinks some day on some other Issue he will need them.

Two very important DemocratsSen. Robert Kerr of Oklahoma and Rep. Wilbur Mills of Arkan.saswere the sponsors of the Kerr-Mills Act. -

(Washington Daily News)

There was a time not so many^ years ago when a boy or a girl graduatingfrom one of our high schools had something of a choice to make in regard to his or her futiu'e.

As we see the picture today, the choice has been narrow^ed considerably. Thty years ago a senior could look toward college, toward going to work, or **toward marriage and family. The world of 30 years ago was not in the turmoil the world Is today. The education challenge of 30 years ago was far different from what it is today.

The present world conditions and home picture combine to present a very different challenge to our youngsters. The boy must think not merely, in terms of education, marriage, and home, and job. but he must also think in terms of his debt to Uncle Sam in the foim of military'service. And the young women must fit their schedules so often to confoim with the decisions of the young men.

Today college standards have ri.sen so high that a great many boys and girls, even if they want to go to college, may find that they are unable to get enrolled. Thirty years ago colleg-es sent out field men who talked to .senior clas.ses urging the members to go to this college or that college. No longer do the field men come out and contact seniors. On the contraa boys and girls today, it appears have many discouraging factors facing them as they seek to acquire higher educations.

The whole world has changed, becau.se people have changed. Tlie space age where technical knowledge seems to be in such great deipand has placed mankind in a new focus. Com

munism versus democracy has created two w^orld camps where mankind is still seeking recognition. Control of mens minds has become the great obsession among the big powers.

It is not the boy or the girl who has changed so radically. It is the world around them in which they must be a part. These boys and these girls did not fashion the present world inio a tension packed arena it is. It is the elders who have created the picture In which the youngsters find themselves. But it is the youngsters who must meet the challenges, make the future decisions, and fight w*ars or find peace as the case might be.

Are we drifting Into a world where only the strong can survive? Well, if nuclear w' a r comes, the strong will hardly be more able than the weak.

So today when we look at,a senior class, W'e are filled with awe and wonder. We are thinking in terms of the boys and girls in caps and gowms in terms, of humanity at its best and most precious. And yet we must also think of the mess that We of another age have placed in their laps.

Maybe w'e should feel sorry for them. But they do not ask sympathy. They merely ask for opportunity, and it is up to,, us. the adult population, to give our boys and girls every weapon at our command so that their decisions will be based on knowledge and wisdom.

Graduation is with us. Then what? Todays picture Is not a pretty one. But the decisions soon will be in the hands of todays greatest hope o u r young people. Maybe they can do better and act more wisely than their elders.

When is the government going to do something for us?

The problem IsWhat can be done?

Obviously, It would be impractical for the government to provide a federal sanctuary Jor the middle-aged, as it has done for the whooping crane. Middle-aged people simply do not thrive in a wilderness swamp.

There are too many of them also, it must be admitted, for the government to reward them with a bonus for mere-. ly being alive. That w'ould bankrupt everybody else.

But here are a few things Congress might do to foster, sustain, develop, encourage and protect the middle-ag^d:

Pass a law making middle-age respectable. One of Its provisions W'ould require the young to saliite or . hold their hats over their hearts whenever anyone between the ages of 40 and 65 passes by.

Pass a law making It a federal offense to laugh at, In-tenupt, annoy, w'orry 'or harrass a middle-aged person in a^ manner whatsoever.

Pass a law establi.shing a national Middle-aged Day during which the rest of the populace would do nothing but honor, 'admire, cherish, soothe, console and pat on the back every middle-aged person they met.

Let Congress establish legislation such as this and no one who reached middle-age would any longer have to feel like he had committed a crime. It would be a downright privilege, and people would fight for the chance to be over 40.

Anyway, its an idea.

Oninions

If the railroads are allowed to improve their efficiency they may be able to provide more rather than few'er jobs by participating in the natural nnrt mnnc

growth of traffic and possibly /^reec? ^ ^

S" The tad of man U imagtaa-

Uiey have lost to highway, tive and llexlbV and moves,

.onger

ife

s Goa

By GEORGE E. S0K0L8KY

Copyright, 19, King Features Syndicate, Inc.

Science and courage are conquering time and space. Men and women in laboratories are conquering disease and prolonging life. We simulate nature and manufacture textiles from coal, water, salt and numerous chemicals. Our knowledge Is growing so vast and so plentiful that even youngsters playing with toys know, with accuracy, about distant planets and remote stars. Children In the lower elementary classes. In some schools, are taught by visual means, involving rabbits or hamsters, how life passes from generation .to generation.

But what is life?

Since most primitive times, the mind of man has been concerned with this problem. Sticks, stones, images, stars, the sun, a heaven filled with love-making and quarrelling gods, the monotheistic God who created man all these have had their Impact upon the mind of man to explain not only Bfe but the ..rhythm of life won this Earth.

And now, a profoundly imaginative study by scholars and scientists will be made of life in the minutest cell.

The Salk Institute for Biological Studies has been established by the National Fouhdation through the March of Dimes. "Dr. Jonas\Salk, w^hose work in polio hs saved so many mil-.. ilons of lives, will be its director. Its devotion will be to pure science and to research with the objective of discovering what life is and what the processes of life are.

A tiny dot is the beginning of life in the body of a female wl\o has ovulated and whose ovulation has beenfertilized by a male. This tiny, little, almost imperceptible dot is alive. To it has been given Ufe. Out of that dot comes a mechanism more complex than an astronauts capsule. Within it are not only material bones and flesh and skin and a vast amount of varied chemicals, functioning to- ' gether by means of specialized controls, built-in instruments, but also housing the imponderable mind and spirit and such . amazing quaUties as courage and self-reliance and faith.

What Is this Uving dot and how does it work? We know much about it. Ancient philosophers made remarkable guesses which later scientists verified and corrected. B,ut more needs to be known very much more. Dr. Jonas Salk says:

Let us look, for a moment, at the effects of mans prob- , ing Into the processes of life.

He has brought about cbntrol over many dlsea^s and over many of the natural forces that previously limited human sur vivai. The potential benefits that have been brought into existence thereby, with the potential for reduction of human suffer- > ing, have in some parts of the world, brought a^utan* increase, rather than a decrease, ill the total amount of human suffering, when one considers the total number who have survived to suffer as compared to the smaller number who would otherwise have existed to suffer, had man not been so successful,

In a word, when we know the processes of life in the cell, we may be able to reconstruct life so that it. like the atom, may be controlled by man. Dr. Salk further said;

. . .man knows that such goals will not be attained by chance alone. The unle^hing of the power locked In/'the nucleus of the atom was the result of human intention and design. Man has overcome the force of gravity sufficiently to be able to orbit the earth. This, too, was by design. Is man capable of conceiving and executing corresponding feats in controlling the forces within substance of living things? Recent advances that have been made in biology are testimony to the affirmation of mans de

waterway and airway transport, Christian Science Monitor.

On the cast-west toll road again; Were sure the Raleigh breed of politician will find some way to make it a one-way-pay route so that they can motor down to the beach without havmg to pay.Lenoir County News.

from century to century, in diverse directions. It alters ways of life and the order of society, as its knowledge Increases. Feudalism, for instance, was undoubtedly an excellent device for maintaining law. order and productivity after the collapse of the enomiously superior Roman Empire. But even dui-ing this period, sometimes called (Continued on page seven)

New

?ower

. or FTC Is Sought

Strength For Today

By EARL L. DOUGLASS OUR GLORY AND SECURITY

The Bible in a number of places speaks of the earth being full of the Lord. It is full of the goodness of the Lord,' , full of His riches, fuU of His . mercy, full of His praise, full of His power and His glor>.

These little minds of ours cannot understand or describe the relationship which exists between God and His children. God is the Creator standing off from what He has created, beholding it. and governing it. Also God Is a continual presence in the human heart. If we invite Him to do so, He comes into the heart. He sup.s with us and we with him. Jesus the Son of God left the earth declaring that he* was ^vith his fellow men even unto *

the ends of the world.

But the fact that we cannot understand all this does not in the Ica detract from its reality or effectiveness. Your life and mine are immersed in the reality, existence, love, power, and providence of God. We live in Him and He lives in us. Through a book called the Bible and a divine institution called the Church we learn more of Him and are brought more and more into His presence. But It i^as necessary with the pa.ssing of time that God Himself come into the stream of human history .so that we would see His word (HLs message and creati\ e power) dwelling among.st us full of grace and trutli,

God is here, and that is our glory and our securiijy.

By EL.MKR ROESSNER Under the aggressive leadership of Chaiiman Paul Rand Dixon, the Federal Trade Commission is seeking to establish a new power, under which businesses could be forced to face anonymous charges at public hearings without full benefit of counsel.

If it establishes this power, Rand will become one of the most powerful men in America today, able to use faceless charges to besmirch businesses without the businesses able to defend themselves fuUy although there is no suspicion that he would do it.

Rand staked out this power for himself in a little-noticed speech early this month before Law School annual banquet of the Wisconsin Club of Marquette University. Most of his talk was a discussion of how, over the years, by Congressional action and court decision, the FTC had 'increased power to subpoena records, require reports and examine witnesses.

DOORS TIIKOW.N OPEN

For the ffrst 47 years of, the ^. iflv^^tigatlOMU Jiear-

ings that is. hearings before a foraial con;iplaint was filed have been held behind closed doors. But on December 28. 1961. Rand pointed out. the FTCi, had held a public hearing to determine if there was reason to believe that^ the St. Regis iPaper Co. had violated the Clayton Act and had complied with orders to furnish certain reports.

Then in March of this jar. he added, an examiner had conducted a public hearing to deteimine if certain milk-pricing practices required further FTC action.

In defending the FTC. Rand quoted a decision in a Civil Rights case in which the Federal Court referred to the FTC. Its investigations, the court-said, are frequently initiated by complaints from undisclosed informants and that persons called in an investigation are entitled only to a general notice of the purpose and scope of the invesUgation and while they may haVe legal counsel, counsel may not, as a matter of right* otherwise participate ia Uw investigatioo.

CAI.LED CONSTITUTIO.NAL

The court said this appeared not to violate the Constitution.

This would put the PTC in the position of running heai^gs like Fidel Castro does. A businessman or a company could be called before a public hearing to reply to charges by a nameless accuser. He could have a lawyer by his side to console him, hut the law'yer could not question the accuser. He might not even see him.

Nonsense? The FTC is trying to do exactly that.

In its milk investigation, it has called Kroger Co. and three officers to testify at a public hearing in Indianapolis tot to defend themselves against any charges, but to expose themselves. without counsel participating, to whatever charges may be developed possibly by complaints from undisclosed Informants. . . .

It would be possible, of coqrse, for anonymous charges to blacken the reputation of Kroger or any other company. If proved, ^pprooriate action could be taken. But if not proved,, the ls.<t2es might never

be brought to trial; the accused wrould never have their day in court, and their denials would never catch up with the accusations.

Kroger Is fighting back. It has filed suit in Federal Court in Chicago seekhitt to bar the FTCs novel assertion erf authority. The FTC Is resisting the suit and in the end, it may Ko to the Supreme Court.

SHORT Sc SIG.NIFTCANT BUSINESS NEWS NOTES Construction contracts reported to the F. W. Dodge Corp. in April were 17 per cent above those in April. 1961. . .The Internal Revenue Servil has tilled that a necktie knot support of nonprecious metals is not subject to the tax on jewelry and related items. . .The stuffed animal business is good and going .to get better. is the ringing declaration of L. John Swedlin, official of Gund Mfg. Co..' manufacturers of guess what?. . .Room rates for travelers are 16 per cent higher than five years ago, the Amerlf an Automobile Association report*.