May 20, 1962

Faxm Legislation Has A Chance

hill ^ov^the Presidents farm contrast, the tobacco -program, which combines V. House reaction to the same price supports with rigid production controls, has

Can I Quote You On THIS, Chairman?

measure, there is little doubt that the new farm cost the government little money, legislation will be written into law. ,

The mot iirnH.in 1 t ii o 1 What the administration is asking is an overall

actionwS resukTd fri a 40 Program similar''to the tobacco program which

measurel-was the eW. Lnn. " effectively in recent decades. It will

tl^lt w^rcflLted -5 government support prices will be at a

onv eight Demora?,h^rc are reasonable con-vrewDo^t in vZn/La W Republican'trols on production. Where the farmers arc unwill-

viewpoint m voting against the measure. ig to have controls in keeping with demand, they

A similar bill approved by the House Agricul- ''*1^ n<^t have high government supports for their

ture Committee now awaits action on the floor of products.

the House of Representatives. On the basis of partv Aifhni* rvv, i i

strength in the House, the Democrats should have Although the program has brought severe criti-

little difficulty in mustering enough votes to pass areas of the nation, it

the measure. On the basis of merit, the Democrats Pfasonable program than the one

should not find it difficult to attract manv Romil*- in effect. In the long run it will prove

lican votes in support of the measure. more benefiVial to both agriculture and to the na-

tiuii as a wnoie.

The legislation would put an end to the unrealistic program of high price supports from the government on agricultural commodities over which there is no production control. It would leave to the various farmers who produce the crops to deter

mine whether they want price supports with production controls, or no production controls and lowor noprice supports.

Assembly ]\^ust Avoid Verbal Side-Stepping

When North Carolinas Supreme Court struck

^ The hugestockpile of farm surpluses in many down the state's Sunday Blue Law last week it also grains and other crops have cost taxpayers of the ^ poke at vague, uncertain and indefinite

nation many billions of dollars in recent years. In language used at times by the legislature when it

is writing a new law.

Other Ways To !i^aise

The high court dftclared the controversial law unconsfitirtional on the grounds that it was vague.

ne nigl isfitutlo] uncertain and indefinite.

incomes

By W. H. ELLIOTT. Pre*.

Elliott Packing Company Guest Columnist Our communities have their *'Industry hunters searching by ph(me and plane for factories to secure the benefits of payrolls. Are we overlooking the forest because of the trees ^ Industry payrolls are beneficial, but there are other ways to raise . our per capita income.

I wish to focus your attention to the livestock industry in our State, particularly eastern North Carolina. I will show you a remarkable development that has taken place. It could possibly falter along the way. due to a shortage of the one thing we are geared for, livestock raising. In farm related industries you have to break the cycle of what comes first: like the chicken or the egg. To produce livestock profitably you have to have a martcet. To have a market you need a meat packing industry. May I refer to my own personal experiences. Only 25 years ago. in 1938 when I first became acquainted with the meat business, there w-ere only two packers doing a limited business in the region. Williams at Greenville and Bullock at Rocky Mount. Practically all fresh meat and meat products were farm slaughter, individual store slaughter, or shipped in. Contrast this picture with what exists today. Using Goldsboro as a vantage point, if you go west there is Carolina Packers at Smlthiield. Jones at Gamer. Go North, you find Swift at Wil-oh,. Peacock Meat and Bullock at Rockj' Mount, Should you travel riortheast, there is Greenville Packing at Greenville. Washington Packing, Washington. To tl Elast. Frosty Morn at Kinston, New Bern Provision at New Bern, To the South is Jones at Faison, Lundy at Clinton, Wilmington Packing. Way-nettes, and Rocks in the Wilmington ajca. To the southeast, a pnHXteed new plant at Dunn. ^ Martin at Fayetteville, in Goldsboro there is EUiott Packing. In addition to thjse regional packers who cover all or a part of the region, there are many other fresh sausage manufacturers, meat wholesalers and freezer locker plants doing a local business. Definitely, eastern North Carolina has the industry.

I wish to give you some con-umptioo figures from State College and Agriculture department studies. These figures use only pork to simplify. The addition of beef will more than double the figures. We consume annually , approximately 346

million poinids. Allowing for 58 million f^ounds for farm slaughter, this leaves 288 million for commercial production. Our state meat packing industry supplies 90 million pounds. This leaves a deficit produc- tion of 198 million pounds to come from the outside. Our local industry is supplying approximate one-third of our needs. But here is the astounding fact, the one I wish to emphasize. Our local or state ho produetion is only 70 percent of our present industry need, which Is only one-third of our consumption.

Our N. C. situation Is part of. the livestock shortage problem of the southeastern United States, from Florida and Alabama' to .Vii'ginia. Transportation in the area is relatively cheap compared to moving livestock aci;oss the mountains. Actually. this area has a deficit of 49,00<) hogs per week, to keep industry operating at present levels. Virginia has the great-e.st shortage and drains heavily upon the N. C. supply. The demand is so great that East-eiTi Carolina packers find it necessary and economical toi draw from Georgia and the midwest. This 40,000 hogs per week represents approximately $1,-. .400.(X) per week of potential gross income. I am certain that we can better use our land, labor, know-how, and capital to keep a large share of this at home to bolster our per capita income.

We already have made a start in livestock production. We have proved we can do the job. Unfortunately, too much has been as a side line to tobacco. This is a potential industry large enough to stand on its own feel. We are going to need all the help we can get from our money lending agencies. educational institutions, agricultural agencies, and politically for feed grain production and financing. In many instances a bank will happily lend money to a meat packing business. yet look with a jaundiced eye upon a livestock raising venture.

North Carolina could incrca.se its hog production one million bead.: per year 'approximately S32,0i)0,0O0t. without creating a sui-plus that would appreciably affect the, local market price.^ This quantity is only a drop in the bucket compared to midwest production figures, which really set the market. W'e have only shown the potential on hogs. Remember, if beef were added to these figures the amounts more than double.

It is quite likely that many members of the legislature that wrote the law felt at the time the law wa.s pasvsed that it was vague and uncertain.

Legislative, problems at hand, or perhaps lack of

sufficient attention by many members of the legisla- ^ m a xrr

ture, probably permitted the law to be enacted in t>y ALvlN TAYLOR the form the Supreme Court has now declared unacceptable.

Sideline As A PR Man

Charles OH Horne, chair-' man of the Greenville Utilities Commission, is highly enthusi-

cause we must be a forward thinking community.

I have heard of persons being attracted to Greenville by the college and other features, but this, to my knowledge, is the first instance of the sewage plant attracting residents here.

If such vague and uncertain language were

used only in controversiar laws that were almost

certain to be reviewed by the Supreme Court in test

cases, it would not be so bad. For the most part.

however, laws which are written in Raleigh do not 7Jut'

go to the Supreme Court for review. Yet, in many of the fact that it carries, for au

them the .vagueness and uncertainty is just as glar- Practical purposes, no pay.

ing as that pointed out bv the court in the Sundav , relations man

Pino T Q TV for the commission, he is un-

ruue i.ay. excelled. Your columnist re-

Particularly i, that true of legislation which J

contains the provision that individual counties, by sion four years ago Home took their own action,' may exempt themselves from the civic club circuit,

provisions of law. carried with him a series

of graphs and charts showing

The case emphasizes the importance of careful ^^viUe utilities rates there, he points out. porn^/or'^^trte :r'r/i;itio ^ legi-slature to pro-

fu /iV It Cities at Vanceboro. This

the ne^d tor the lawmakers to avoid side-stepping Your columnist,

contr

ment business. For if the city growsand it is expected to the plant will reach its capacity in a few years. It is designed so that the facility can be doubled in the future and this will cost more .money.

Horne, Incidentally, always emphasizes that he doesnt take credit for the plants being paid for before it was built and without a bond issue. The money was already

At times we tend to sneer when we hear the word politician. This is indeed unjust. The vast majority of men and w'omen who place their Jobs on the line every few years through the means of free elections are honorable individuals.

however, money was placed into a sink-

royer.ial is.<5ues with vague language when they busy eyebrows the ing fund with the idea of

bout writing a new law or revising an old one'.

Congress Stil

^s Conservative

cided to live in Greenville be- cause of the Utilities new sewage disposal plantor more jfroperly, water pollution control facility.

Well, Horne explained, he found the plant already built and paid for and he felt hed rather live with us be-

plant.

Some funds were added to it each year and finally there was a $250,000 federal grant". Most of the money was set aside while J, Roy Martin was Utilities chairman.

However, Greenville Utilities cant rest on its laurels now that it is in the sewage treat-

Id like to think they were all as honorable as Sheriff Ruel W. Tyson, who died Saturday morningthe day of the primary.

-Your columnist called on the sheriff almost daily for several years in the process of gathering news of shootings, cuttings, thefts and the like for this newspaper.

The Da3y Reflector

INCORPORATED

Published Every Afternoon Except Sunday Established 1882 DAVID JULIAN WHICHARD. Publishisr

Entered at Port Office. Greenville. N C.. as second elaaa mail matter.

SUBSCRIPTION RATES By Carrier (In Towna)

By Carrier (Motor Routes) Week 3Sr

BY MAIL, Payable In Adwanc*

Week 30c

Greenville Po*t Office. Pitt County, RobersonvlUe, Vanceboro Washington and Chocowlnity.

Three Months ....... I 1.75

Six Months ............................. 7.00

One Year ., 13.00

North Carolina (other than listed tbove)

TTirec Months I 4.00

Six Months ...... 7J0

One Year 14UX>

Plus S% N. C Sales Tm All Other Outside North Car<}llna

Thiee Months . $ 4.50

Six Months ............ g.00

One Year .......1................

MEMBCB ASSOCIATED PRESS The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to use tor pubil-cation all news. dispatches credited to it or not otherwise credited to this paper and also the local news publisheo bereln All rights of publication of special dispatches here art also reserved

By J.IMES MARLOW

W ASHINGTON (AP t Thi.s

Congress run by President Kennedy's Democrats but just about as conservative as it was under President Eisenhower can hardly claim to have overworked itself.

Its getting close to election time. All 435 House seats and one-third of the 190 Senate seats are at stake in the November votirlg. But the record of - this Congress -so far in 1962 is un-Lmpressive,

This week. too. will skate by with little done. Because of the Decoration Day holiday Wednesday. Congress will be doing practically nothing for the rest of the week.

Kennedy ha.s throwTi a truckload of proposals at the men in the Capitol where so far Republicans and Southern Democrats ,have made up the dominant conservative fofce.

If in the end he gets approval for just a few of the pro-posak he considers major he may feel the year wa.s a big success. Thats'a matter of opinion.

Three major bills arc:

1. A mea.sure allowing new tax credits to .Htimujate inve.st-ment and authorizing the withholding of a percentage of divi-dends and interest from taxpayers. quite a few of whom don report interest and dividends on their tax returns,

2. A medical care bill for people over 65.

3. A foreign trade bill under which the President would have broadened authorit.v to cut tariffs in order to help American foreign trade.

None of them has cleared Congress yet. Meantime Con-gres.s has killed his proposal to create a new department of urban affairs <the House did tfiat) and his civil rights legislation which has passed only one house or Is tied up in committees.

Kennedy, who served in both House and Senate and knows how sensitive the members feelings are to crlticisrp and how unpleasant they can be if they

get mad, has been as mild as Ei.senhowcr in handling them. He has put some pressure on Congress through public speeches, such as he made for his medical care program, and tJirough his news co/ference plugs for his program.

His greatest pressure if that's what it can be called seems to be applied through his special aides in personal dealings with members of Congress.

Some obseiwers consider this technique the mark of real political savvy. It may be. But the results in the record of Icg-kiation passed by Congress in 1961 and so far in 1962 Is hardly awe-in.spiring.

Whether this gentlemanly ap-

Other Editors Saying. Abolishing Blue

aw

Sheriff Tyson was a real politician. He proved that in 1954 w hen he ran in first and second primaries and then won out in a write-in campaign in the general election. As the sheriff used to say, with that familiar twinkle in his eye, *I ran all year, that year.

(Rocky Mount Telegram)

It Is of interest to note that, after the North Caiolina Supreme Court had knocked out the 1961 Blue Law. the man who first introduced a blue-law bill in the General Assembly now doesn't see much need for such a law. The court ruled last w cek that the law was unconstitutional. Rep. I. C. Crawford' of Buncombe, w'as the first man to introduce such a bill.

proach Is the permanent Ken- * The disposition of the blue

nedy technique is not clear at ^all.

He won the presidency by the slimmest of margins and this may have made him reluctant to get rough. If he runs again and wins in 1964 by a big mar-glil his tactics may get much rougher.

As the .summer advances and the desire to get back home to campaign increases much of this legislation Is apt to get a fast brush. In short, this Congress is no record-breaker.

Quote

Editors of the hometown newspapers of America favor repeal of the 10 per cent tax on passenger fares on railroads, buses and boats by a margin of 73 per cent to 24 per cent, with the remaining 3 per cent having no opinion. That is the result of a poll conducted by The American Press, a magazine for hometown newspapers. This tax, let it be remembered, was a World War II emergency measure which was suppo.sed to expire at wars end. But its still on the books.Industrial News Review.

law for this state has not brought too many tears from Tar Heels. To begin with the entire blue-law concept is confusing and complex. While the motive behind such a law is noble we had reached the point where the original idea for such a law had become lost in a welter of charges, complaints and countercharges.

What should be forbidden to be sold oh Sunday, and what should be sold? Who is to decide what is fail and what is unfair? Actually, except for a very few emergency items and other necessities, there should be no exemptions, or on the other hand, there should be no limitations on any sales.

The 1961 blue law' passed by the General A.ssembly gave cities and counties the option of exempting themselves from the law. Consequently, the adverse ruling by the court may not affect too many municipalities or counties. At the same time the court should be commended for branding the law

for what it is: vague, uncertain and indefinite. That is the prime reason for its overthrow by the |Jourt.

Justice' Bobbitt asked a pertinent question as the court considered the law: Under what circumstance may articles within the specified categories be considered novelties or toys or souvenirs? The law had permitted the Sunday sale of such items as well as articles necessary for making repairs and performing services.

The court mled the provisions of the law' were so vague that men of common Intelligence must necessarily guess at its meaning and differ as to its application. Because of this the 1961 act was ruled unconstitutionally vague, uncertain and indefinite.

The court action left in effect a host of city ordinances banning Sunday sale of certain items. This is becjause the law contained provisions which permitted towns to exempt themselves from Its provisions and allowed county commissioners to exempt all or part of a county from the law.

Keystone of any law is the test of fairness to all affected by it. Thus, any blue law that exempts certain Items not considered necessary cannot be considered fair. The provisions of some blue laws taxes ones Imagination as to just whv some items can be sold on Sunday while others cannot. Here, then lies the real weakness of any so-called Sunday blue law.

The sheriff was a politician and one of the highest caliber. His thousands of friends testify to that.

Ooinions

' Every community should try to corral its resources in an effort to see that young people wanting to work are not forced into Idleness and Its accompanying perils.Atlanta (Ga.) Journal.

The bed, once the downy place where we were born, where we lay our weary heads down to rest, where we expected to dieis losing its place in society. Once we get into our pajamas, our ear plugs in, our eye shades in place and our electrodes on. its hardly worth it to crawl between the sheets. Houston (Tex.) Chronicle.

piy

To One

I

etter '

By GEORGE E. SOKOLSKY

Dear Myma:

, I have your letter of May 17. You are a brave girl. Your p. S. ays, You may publish thisi And you give your full name and the name of your college In which you are a senior student.

But I think that It Is txitter not to iMibllsh your name or the name <rf your college. You are undoubtedly In your early 20s and I could be your grandfa-' ther. I have seen much of the world; have lived and worked In .many .places. I know that your ideas suit you now, but they are likely to be a heartache 10 years from now. We all go through that.

You say:

Plrst of all, If youre referring to college students dress, the only dress I've seen (and Ive been around to many campuses) Is In tlw best taste and Is quite conservative and collegiate. How can this possibly be conducive to illicit sex?

It was Inevitable, we suppose, that a society that can't.. go to the corner drug store without an automobile, looks forward to the 20-hour week, and produces such labor-saving machines as the electric razor and electric shoe polisher eventually would come up with an electric toothbrush.Tampa (Fla.) Tribune.

I, too, have visited many campuses during the past 30 years and have had three children on campuses and If you think that slacks and shorts and short-shorts, for girls, are conservative and In the best taste,

I hope to differ. Most girls look awful In such clothes. Their figures are unsulted for them.

Long before you were bom, I lived in China where women wear trousers and sometimes, the coolie women have no tops. But women of good families wear clothes to fit their figures and they try to be trim.

A few weeks ago, I was lecturing at a very important girls college and I must say that the girls I saw on the campus looked very sloppy to me. If I were a young man, I would not f marry one o them.

You ask:

... .how can you judge students by the marks they get in hard subjects? . How assanlne (sic) Is that? A student may be very good In one subject that she is interested In and just passing another which she finds boring (for the most part its the teacher who makes the course a success or a failure, so actually it can be extremely good or vice versa.) This is a proven fact. What does this have to do with their character? All it shows is that they dont have any intrest In the subject, that the teacher Is poor, or that they arent capable of doing the work if their marks arent up to par. If their marks are good, on the other hand, it means it is an Interesting course, they study constantly, and the teacher is qualified. It has nothing to do with ones morality.

It has a great deal to do with responsibility and with obligation. Parents do not send their children to college, usually at considerable expense, to do only what interests them. Most parents often do not realize that many students take sna_p courses, that really meah nothing in the long run, and that even in the snap courses, they get a passing C. Even a B is an unsatisfactory mark on a curve in the smaller and less strict colleges.

I employ young ladies and I often shudder at what they did not learn. A girl who told me that she majored in economics never heard of Greshams Law. Another majored in English composition. So I told her to write me 1500 woixls about anything. My dog, Joe, could undoubtedly bark a more correct essay. Spelling bad. Punctuation ridiculous. Ideas Infantile. Composition meaningless.

You have a perfect right to disagree with Miss Blanding of Vassar, but your manner of disagreement Ls disrespectful. Nay,

It is impudent. The fact that the paragraph in your letter to me ^ is also impudent, I shall pass over. But concerning Miss Blanding, you write: Just because she is President of Vassar does not mean she Is all knowing.

That is fresh. You are a senior, just about to be graduated. Thus far, you have achieved nothing. Miss Blanding is one of Americas most distinguished educators. Of such women, you, a shave-tail, should speak with respect.

One of the misfortunes of our country is that our young people have lost the meaning of the words, respect, duty, responsibility, obligation.

When you have achieved such a position as Miss Blanding holds, you might speak slightingly of your peers. Until then be respectful and hold your peace.

Balance Of Payments Explained

Strength For Today

NATIONAL ' ADVERTISING REPRESENTATIVES rhomas P Clark Qo. inc. New York. Chicago. AUaot* Mtmbcf AadR Bureau of Circulation.

U advertlalnf copy must be received at least one day before ibhcaUon data.-

Bv EARL L. DOUGLASS THAT MYSTERIOUS ELEMENT

Leaven is one of the most mysterious elements in the vorld. A little leaven put in a lump of dough changes the whole consistency of the lump.

Jesus declared that the kingdom of God is like leaven which a woman places in a lump of dough until the wliole be leavened. The kingdom of hea\en is a mysterious ferment which starts making changes in ones life as .soon as one comes in contact with it. We live In the kingdom of the world. Our

which will pass away with the using. We can fritter away our time. We can indulge our appetites. We can nar row our lives clown into a little cirlce whereby all we do is worry, oj- go.s-sip, or tum over in our minds tlie bitter resentment we harbor against people.

Now the proposal of Jesus Christ is that into the lump of our lives we inject a heavenly leaven. This leaven is the kingdom of God, or the rule of God. Ill it is hope in God, trust in God, belief in His teachings. It is commitment to His will

When the kingdom of God

very existence requr^ us to comes in and takes over in our

this. The world is not evil in lives the whole quality of our

itself but it easily becomes evil, lives is cha-^ecd. Tir hf'ave-ilv

Without realizing it. we can .soon Icavrn has done ii,s work "Tl.e

give ourselves to those things kingdom of God Is Ul;e Icav:..

By ELMER ROESvSNER An unusually good clarification of the balance of payments problem is presented by the Morgan Guaranty Trust Company in its monthly Survey.!

Li explaining the bookkeeping of the balance of paj'ments. It underscores the dangers facing the United States in this area.

The net change in the balance of payments, it pJoints out. is measured by the U, S. gold holdings, which we all know have been shrinking: convertible foreign currencies owned by the Treasury and the Federal Reserve System, and our private and public liquid liabilities to foreigners, such as foreigners.deposits in American banks. BAI.A.\('E SHEET FOR 1961 The Survey then presents a summary of recorded transactions afiecting the balance of payments for 1%1, which shows, as clearly as is pwssible without color, what this balance-of-P"y:- cni and gold-loss trouble is all abca^

Here are our debits for 1961: millions

Goods bought from foreign countries $14,.524

Services rendered by foreigners to U.S. residents. 4,728 This Ls largely travel, insurance.

Income investments In U. S. by foreigners 871

Military expenditures abroad 2,956

Includes U. S. outlays and personal purchases by U. S. personnel,

Nfet private unilateral transfers to foreigners 634

Licludcs charitable and family gifts abroad.

Net government unilateral transfers to foreigners 2,104 Government spending and donations, except military. Large-

Loans for economic developments.

Total recorded debits 30,731 CREDITS Merchandise exports 19.916 Service to foreigners by U.S. residents 4.349

Foreign travel here. Insurance. etc.

Income on foreign investments by U. S, residents 3,645

Military receipts 406

Sales of supplies to foreign countries, - . - -

Net foreign Investments In the U. S. 577

The outflow of foreign capital, claims of foreigners against . S. business, etc.

Total credits

ed, some foreigners would just as lief have it as gold.

It Is obvious that, if the U. S. is to (Mjntlnue to maintain Its gold balance, it must bring up its credits at least equal to Its debits.

This balance sheet spotlights the many ways gold may'be regained: Increasing exports;

spending less abroad for military purposes, perhaps making other nations carry larger shares of expenses; being less wasteful in foreign aid; encouraging foreigners to Invest more here and (a measure provided for in the Kennedy tax bill) speeding the return of earnings on Amer-

Total credits 28 893 return oi earmngs on Amer-

This left a balance of Sl.sk* Investments abroad. We

can also try to encourage more foreigners to visit the U. S. and

ly. its U. S. aid.

Net U. S. Private investment * tial, though not the

abroad 3,951 of gold during 1961.

ThLs is the excess of the out

flow over returns.

Net , S. government Ipvest-tcent abroad 054

million, which was our deficit in the international market last year. This measures the poten-^al. loss ince the, nation Is obligated to make up its deficit in gold, if demanded. However. since the American buck is aot completely vitiat-

restrict travelers cx^nditures abroad.

Note that by cutting tourists spending abroad In half, the . S. could rectify the balance of payments overnight.

But the U. S. won't.