Thursday, May 8, 1962

Reorganization To Meet The Future

If We Can Maintain Control Here

Reorganization of the State Board of Higher Education is a matter which, will be finally determined by the 1963 legislature, but there can be no doubt now that leaders in education in North Carolina feel that the best interest of high education in the state can best be served by the reorganization.

By a vote of 6 to 3 yesterday two subcommittees of the Governors Commission on Education beyond the High School affirmed their early recommendation that sw^eeping changes be made in the Board of Higher Education. Under the new plan Board would be increased

increasing demands for higher education on the part of the .young people of North Carolina. These needs can only be met through careful coordination among the institutions and sufficient support from the people df the state as well as officials.

It is our firm conviction that the best interest of North Carolina, its citizens and its educational institutions will be served by the proposed reorganization of the State Board of Higher Education. The legislature, when it convenes early next year, should give its approval to the reorganization plan.

-THEY MW/ TRK THE

OVER TO

the Board would be increased from the present nine to 16 members, seven of whom would be .either 7| 11 m

presidents or representatives of colleges, one from /IiSKIIIm X OO ITIUCU nilU

the State Board of Education and seven laymen.

It is a reorganizational step w^hich is logical by every standard if North Carolina is to make the progress it should in the field of higher education.

It would make the Board of Higher Education considerably more effective as a body for coordinating the work carried out by the various institutions of higher learning in North Carolina. It avould at the same time represent a much more realistic approach to the matter of evaluating on an individual and collective basis the needs of North Carolina's colleges and universities.

The State Board of^ Higher Education in the past has been accused often of acting as a detriment to the progress of state supported colleges and university in developing needed programs to ser\^e the needs of the state. It often assumed the role of a regulatory rather than a coordinating body among the institutions of higher learning in North Carolina.

Top college officials in North Carolina often found themselves being put in the position of having to challenge decisions of the Board of Higher Education in order to meet the essential needs of institutions of higher learning in North Carolina.

The proposed reorganization would make the Board of Higher Education a better coordinating group and at the same time it would provide sufficient safeguard of the public interest by having almost equal representation from the institutions and from the public.

In the years immediately ahead the colleges of North Carolina fate a major challenge to meet the

Mass Of Detal. On Loan Funds

By LY'NN NISBET

STTOENT LOANS - The State Board of Higher Education recently completed a survey of availability of student loan funds al the public and private colleges in North Carolina and the extent to which these funds are being used by the students. The report has a mass of detail about amounts, interest and repayment rates and other technical factors More significant are some several observations based on conclusions from the study.

One is that these loans funds In the main are assisting qualified but needy students. Another important fact is that whUe there appears to be a good deal of uncalled for money in loan funds, nearly every institution Is in desperate need of additional funds for student loans That is not as. paradoxical as it appears.

Nearly all college loan funds* except the National Defense Education Act funds have been made available by gifts. In many instances the funds are restricted by terms of the gift and are not available for the general student body for general studies. Result is that money lies idle In these limited-use funds while demand increases for loans for total college purposes.

Another fact emphasized by the study is that most students are looking for scholarships rather than loans, money that will not have to be paid back. Next most popular approach is the loan that can be repaid by giving two or more years to teaching or to the practice of medicine or nursing in North Carolina. These loans administered by the State Board of Education and the State Medical Care Commission provide for repayment in cash with interest If the borrower desires; or the

loan may be canceled in whole or in part by proof of service in the public schools or an accredited hospital. y

LABOR SUPPORT - News stories from Washington have U that the AFL-CIO political education groups have announced full support of John P. Kennedy in the eighth district and William Z. Wood in the fifth district in their races for Congress. The only newsworthy feature to these stories is that the announcement of support was made so early. There has been no secret about the fact that organized Tabor would like to replace Rep. Paul Kitchin in the eighth and Ralph J. Scott in the fifth district. It has been just as obvious that most leaders in the Kennedy national administration and the Sanford state administration joined in that desire for change.

In most previous campaigns in this state Big Labor has operated quietly in support of Its favorites. There were charges back in 1956 that Labor was putting money into several campaigns for Congress, but it was not until after the primary election and reports required to be made to the clerk of the Hou.se of Representatives were published that it was knowp for sure that big Labor money came into the third district to help J. 0. Simpkins against Graham A. Barden, and into the sixth district to help Ralph H. Scott against Carl T. Durham.

It is axiomatic that politics makes strange bedfellows. None can be much stranger than some of the old conservative business men of Charlotte being in the same bed with AFL-CIO supporting John Kennedy. With the primary just three weeks away these diverse groups will have to work fast to get in comfortable position.

Offering Too Little

Administration trouble in getting its farm bill reported out of committee indiciires a determination on the part of some agricultural interests of the nation tlfht they must not have to face up to a choice between having price supports together with production controls, or having no production controls and no price supports.

It reflects an effort on the part- of some of these interests to maintain the present situation in which price supports on many* commodities are mandatory from the government while the government has no voice in the amount of the commodities produced by the farmers. Such a situation can only lead to continual increase in the already staggering surpluses of some farm commodities and an increasingly costly machinery for storing these surpluses.

In many instances it seems that producers of commodities want to be guaranteed basic prices for what they produce, but they likewise want, a free hand in determining how much of a particular commodity they produce. They shout about government restrictions on their production, but they demand price supports for their crops. They put forth the argument that the government should not interfere in production, but that it has the responsibility to guarantee prices of crops^regardless of the demand for them.

If the government is e.xpected to guarantee a floor under prices for agricultural products, it should be expected to put a ceiling on production to keep the latter within realistic bounds. The ' present administration farm bill would leave it to the producers of the various commodities to determine whether the course of no supports and no controls would be followed or whether a program of supports with controls would be followed.

^ It seems to us that many agricultural interests are asking too much of the government and their fellow taxpayers to demand price supports without any control on production.

Placing Role O:: Responsibility

By PATRICIA MOORE

Strange Dances Abounc

The twist Isnt the only Interesting dance these days. There is something that looks like a chicken scratching the ground that is called the Mashed Potato (and rightly so). Then theres the Continental which is a citified square dance routine. And the Limbo, but thats pure native really. And others. . .they'll all come and go.

Pretty soon theyll be calling a dance the Bid John and Itll be patterned after the President scratching his ailing back . . .or theyll have a dance called The Swan or The Tease after Jackies hairdos.

Some other interesting Innovations in \the way of the dance might be Fallout or Steel Beams.

story the other day that said a building took fire, commenting he thought usually buildings caught fire or were set on fire. Well, it was a little unusual for that particular building to take fire, we guess.

people then rared back and confronted him with: I heard you tell that to two men who were running for the same office.

A boys father called long distance urgently; left word for the son to call immediately collect. The young man, finding the message, suspected a minor catastrophe at home. But, in the end, it was a fig tree the father wanted son tp purchase and deliver to him.

Somebody pointed to a news

We had occasion to know a person who has gone around telling club friends that he has voted for them In club elections. Well, somebody evidently had watched him tell this to several

The Da3y Reflector

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By J.AMES MARLOW

WASHINGTON (AP) - President Kennedys policy with big unions and big industry suggesting the kind of contract they should sign has been a form of government interference. Now it has borne new fruit.

in the recent .steel negotiations hi.s policy could be considered indirect interference. He simply suggested a noninflationary contract which would not trigger a spiral of wage-price increases. ...............

That he would stick the governments nose into labor-man-agement negotiations even that much was resented by some people. His excuse for' doing so was this: Since big unions

and big industries affect the public welfare, when they raise prices and wages they have a responsibility to consider the public.

Tuesday night at the White House the Presidents Advi.;ory Committee on Labor and Management ^ composed of representatives of labor, industry, the public, and government made recommendations going farther than Kennedy.

It proposed changing the present Taft-Hartley Act so that when a labor-management dispute threatens to cause a national emergency > by ultimate strike or lockout the President can do this: Set up a board which, after studying the situation, will recommend the terms of settlement. The T-H law doesn't go that far. The board provided for under T-H can only report facts. It cant recommend.

How did this committee, particularly since It has labor and management members, come to suggest that the government be given even more power than it has now to settle union-indus-trv disputes?

It bought what Kennedy has been preaching and. in so doing. backed him up. It said that collective bargaining must be free but it must also be responsive to the public interest.

Collective bargaining has never been absolutely free in this country since the passage of the

Wagner Labor Act In 1935. For instance, that law said employers must bargain with a union representing its employes.

So a company was not free not to bargaiii. Then in 1947 the Taft-Hartley Act took away some more freedom. For example. by laying down various rules and regulations as stumbling blocks to big strikes.

All this was done in the public interest and to protect both labor and management from each others atrocities. Democrats and Republicans voted for it. Republican Sen. Robert A. Taft of Ohio was its father.

Since then, as wdth so many conditions involving American freedom, public and congressional vigilance has been directed against diminishing labor-management freedom except where considered necessary for the general ^welfare.

From the foundation of the republic, when any question of government interference with any kind of freedom is Involved. the big dispute always spins around the basic question: Is It necessary?

In this case the Presidents committee - which proposed other T-H changes also thinks it is for the sake of the general welfare. Henry Ford II, a member of the,committee, disagreed.

He opposed almost all the suggested changes and particularly jsaid that fact-Jjpdlng boards with power||$[^com-mend terms of settlement would be both unjustified and unwise.

He added; I believe that collective bargaining must be free and responsible, not free if responsible.

The .rest of the committee made it plain it disagrees with those last ur words by its recommendations which are intended to keep labor and management responsible by making them a little less free.

The Wagner Act and the T-H Act are evidence that the public. acting through Congress, is determined to keep labor and management responsible to some extent by putting controls on the actions and procedures of both.

Public Forum

TO THE EDITOR:

P.T.A, three letters standing for the words Parent Teacher Association. To one just learning English this would imply an organization that was interested in matters of school and relations between teachers and parents. One would visualize problems of dating, studying, curfeivs, and telephone control of teenagers being worked out for the betterment cff future citizens. You would think that parents were working together to cut down on teenagers petting, Irresponsible behavior, and disregard for a need to study.

Being the mother of five children, two of whom are in school, and the wife of a high school teacher, plus a member of a P.T. A. group, I know different. We know that such trivial problems such as I have Just mentioned are left up to the teenagers. We parents and teachers are more concempd with weightier problemswhat is going on up town.

I understand that next year the suggested programming for P. T. A. groups in N. C. is going to be more community interest. But* if the P. T. A. Is going to work on community problems, who is going to work out problems which should concern teachers and parents?

In the April 20. 1962 edition of Time magazine under the section of Modem Living there is an article entitled Youth that is enough to make one sick! I was pleased to note that in Charlotte. N. C., steps are being taken to countermand the growing trend toward letting children work out their social problems alone.

I wonder why mothers who get the Well, Susies mother lets her. . line dont ever

bother to call Susies mother and have a heart to heart discussion with her. Betts mother w'ould probably find that Susie was just saying to her mother, Well, Betts mother lets her. .

But suppose that Betts mother did caD only to find that Susies line was busy? Susies mother is too busy trying to solve some question that should be left up to the city council. So the two girls end up going to some social event, that is just like twenty thousand other parties that should never have happened, and end up on class the next day unprepared for lessons, too tired to pay attention, and with a .stomach too full of junk to desire a well balanced lunch.

Report cards come out and Bett has low grades. Her mother dashes to the principals office with the complaint that Mr. English Teacher Is too hard, his material Is way above the childrens head. (Here is another wonder question: Why

dont these mothers ever go to see the teacher in question, personally?) So what Is the principal to do? He cant tell Mrs. Doe that the trouble Is because she Is trying to keep up with Mrs. Jones. Hed find himself without a job.

The only answer is for the parents and teachers to work together in matters of study habit, recommendations for social activities, and classroom activities.

We teachers families cannot work this out alone, we need your help. Please, wont you help us. Parents of Greenville, and leave the city council and civic groups to work on community problems?

Norma Wood Mintz

A man called all the way from Pennsylvania Wednesday morning and wanted to talk to somebody about the weather, so we accommodated him. He was on his way to the North Carolina mountains and wanted to know what the weather was in this-here partscool, warm or what. Its not everyday we get that kind of call, but we sure hope the weather stays like we told him It was supposed to.

Strength '.-or To(day

By EARL L. DOUGLASS A FOOLISH FANTASY

Oh, the wonderful days of youth!

There are, of course, some wonderful things about the days of youth. All of us look back on youthful years with a certain sensation of nostalgia. Yet it is probably true that most of us who have lived through the greater part of our lives would not go back to youth again If we -had the opportunity to do so. There is no struggle in life greater than the struggle in which youth is continually engaged. Teenagers, apparently so self confident and adequate, are usually miserable with a knowledge of their inadequacy and the fear they have that they may make some ridiculous mistake.

Insecurity is the bane of adolescence. Youngsters at this age do not appear to be insecure, but they are. They tremble. they perspire, they fidget, they yell out their opinions and try to make everyone including themselves believe that they are wise and their elders foolish, that they are completely adequate to every situation. Behind closed doors they bite their fingernails and weep over a sense of Inadequacy.

If you have passed through the period of youth without too many casualties, thank God. and keep your eye on the future, There are.more real satisfactions In life after thirty than there can possibly be before thirty.

Pray God to bless young people, but dpnt be so foolish as to want to be a younger person again yourself and have your life to live over. You are fortunate that you got through as well as you did.

Image .

Gains

Clarity

By GEORGE E. SOKOLSKY Copyright. 1962, King Features Syndicate, Incj.

The United Stats was reco^ nlzed beyond question as the leading nation in the world during and after World War II. It was recognized by friend and foe that but for the intervention of the United States, the Allies could not have won that war. However, at the Teheran and Yalta Conferences, American delegations proved themselves not to be as capable as the Russians, although the Russians were, at the moment, dependent upon the United States. Stalin, at every turn, outwitted Roosevelt, as the documents and the subsequent course of events have proved.

Subsequent to World War n, the Image of the United States became blurred." Although. with a generosity unequalled In history, the United States poured out Its wealth to rebuild friend and foe, the image of the United States suffered not only becan.se of the competence, of Russian propaganda and organized Communism, but also because whatever gave the appearance of policy also gave the appearance of weakness. Gifts beyond the Imagination, of rulers were translated into bribes so that nation after nation demanded that no political strings be attached to the benefactions, a demand as impudent as It was absurd.

Instead of rejecting such demands as Insults, the United States almost begged countries to accept lt% aids and grants and supported neutrals and even pro-Communist countries against its own Interests. This was not accepted as Christian virtue or capitalistic benevolence but rather as weakness ^ and stupidity and insults were ^ hurled at us, not only upon us as a nation, but upon our President and Vice President.

Such an historical absurdity as the Korean War forced nation after nation to re\ise its judgement of the United States and most judged us unfavorably. The removal of General Douglas MacArthur damasM^ American prestige throughout Asia, just as the emergence of Castro In Cuba damaged us throughout Latin America.

Nobody quite understood our attitude, not even our closest allies, particularly as we helped to break up the empires of our friends while we strengthened former foes and supported unfriendly neutrals. It was particularly impossible to grasp the meaning of our policy to-w^ard Soviet Russia and Red China. Toward the former, we seemed to be obsessed by policy of disengagement which lacked meaning because the Russians declined to become disengaged and noted the discussion on this subject as another indication of capitalistic cowardice and degeneracy. The advocates of disengagement were countered by increasing entanglement in European, Asiatic and African affairs.

As regards Red China, the assumption that the internecine ideological quarrel within the Soviet Universal State meant that Russia and Red C3iUia were on the brink of war evoked laughter among Communists. And When one heard that experts so believe, it was only possible to inquire who such experts are. The absurdity of the assumption gave much comfort to Khrushchev who, basing himself upon it. took a continually stronger attitude toward the United States.

What Khrushchev and all others did not understand is the cold Irish anger of a Kennedy. This needs to be seen to be understood and it runs through the breed. No Kennedy likes to be taken for granted and many politicians are already noting that characteristic in the President who beneath a suave veneer is a tough guy.

Although the President hates war. he hates an indignity more. The Ru.sslans adopted an attitude that it is correct for them td test 50 or more bombs but that not only Is the United States forbidden to do any testing at all, but that international Inspection and control is forbidden. In a word. Khnish-chevs attitude is identical with Stalins.

Kennedy gave the Russians (Continued on page five)

Publishing Industry Grows

Ooinions In Brie::

What makes better drivers is not horror but help; not scares but suggestions; not terror but teaching. Safe driving is a skill which, once mastered and remembered, provides great pleasure. Fountain (Ohio) Advertiser.

If the grass looks greener on the other side of the fence, maybe you need to better water the spot where you now' stand. Palmetto (Fla.) Suncoast News.

A business is too big when it takes a week for gossip to go from one end of the office to anothfr. Carlsbad Cur-rent-Argus.

The fellow who falls down flsually gets up quicker than the one who sits down. Watkinsville (Ga. ) Oconee Enterprise,

*1

, "Prince Philip is catching on to this foreign salesman business. Returning from South America he commented: *It is better to wear a bowler hat and speak Span-i.sh than a sombrero and speak only Ei'.glish. Memphis Piess-Scimitar.

Ever notice how some men are like blisters? They never show' up until the work. Is done.Cochran (Ga.) Journal.

Wlirn politician.s forget principles of government In Order to gain votes, representative go\'?.rim*ent inevitably lo.ses ground.Cuero (Tex.) Record. '

By ELMER ROESSNER

Growth industries are usually new industries but, as Goodbody & Co. point out, one of the oldest industries in the world is in a period of dynamic growth. In the last ten years its growth has far surpassed that of the general economy.

The Goodbody opinion is that the Industry is not a large one since its total sales last year were about $1.4 billion. More than a score of our large corporations have sales in excess of the entire book publishing industry. it adds.

Goodbodys research study of the book publishing field finds that the field of education is one of the most dynamic markets for the publishers. School enrollment has been' rising at all age 'levels and at present there are 34,488,(X)0 youngsters between 5 and 13 in the population; 12,900,0(X) in the 12 to

17 group and 10,691,000 in the

18 to 21 group.

OTHER FACTORS BOOM PUBLISHING

Populalion is not the Jull rea-'" son for the great growth of pub

lishing. An important factor is the determination of a higher percentage of young people to attain higher education, partly because family Income permits jt. partly because more scholarships and loans are available, and partly because greater emphasis on education to keep ahead of the Russians.

Many areas of book publishing, other than textbooks, have shown considerable growth also, Goodbody found. Publishers of childrens books have ppuVed forth a great number of attractive and imaginatively created books. Higher family Incomes have contributed to a tripling in encyclopedia sales in less than a decade.

And thats' not all. Among the other factors cited are;

The trend toward scientific teaching in elementary grades.

More teaching of foreign languages at elementary levels.

The increa.se in subjects taught at high school level. PnBGRAMMED IN.STYIUCTION

The introduction of new teaching methods such as program

med instruction and teaching machines.

The addition of audio-visual aids and supplementary texts.

The wider use of workbooks, flash cards, maps and globes.

The increased use of later developments, such as films, video tapes and recordings

The greater use of encyclopedias is also noted, with this observation: Competition is

not so much against other encyclopedias as it is for good salesmen. Supermarkets,, it adds, have become a rich new outlet for encyclopedias. CHILDRENS TRADE BOOKS RISE

While paperbacks are not popular as textbooks, because of their short life, students are perhaps the''most avid buyers of paperbacks. Paper book stores, common in the East, are spreading across the country.

The rise in demand for childrens books and trade books. Over half the titles published each year are trade books.

The Goodbody study covers

the financial aspects of the leading publicly held publishers, observing that Random House and Crowell-CoUier appear the most attractive for current purchase and that Prentice-HaU and Har-court. Brace & World have more clearly defined long-term prospects. It has facts on other publishers. For more details, write Goodbody, 2 Broadway, New York 4, or consult your own broker.

NEVER SLOW PAY-OFFS ' TO A HORSE FOLLOWER!

The new Internal Revenue Service rule requiring race track pay-off men to collect the names and addre^es of bettors winning more than $600 may be gaining less income taxes than expected.

Many big bettors are reported to be avoiding the parimu-tual .machines and placing wagers with bookmakers, who never, never tell Uncle Sam anything. Bookie bettors also save time, since the Identification slows down the collection of winnings.If