Tuesday, April 17f 1962

____ ^

An Evaluation Of Progress Is Due

You Too?

North Carolinas public schools are nearing the end of their first full year under the new quality ediication progjsam. Before the school year ends, there should be a careful evaluation of the progress which has been made toward providing better education opportunities for the youngsters of the state.

Citizens of the.^state do not expect that the quality of education in public schools of the state has reached its full development. Such a progrm cannot be carried out in one year or even a few years. It would be helpful, nevertheless, if a thorough evaluation of the curre*ht school year were available to state and school officials as well as the public before another school year begins.

Has the quality of classroom instruction improved during this school year?

Has the curriculum been altered to better meet the needs of the students in public schools throughout the state?

Have students indicated any improvement in the manner in which they have applied themselves to their studies during the school year?

Has there been an increase of interest on the part of individual parents in the programs of the schools and'the progress of students?

These and many other questions might be answered by teachers, school officials,,, school boards, JPTA groups and other organizations .affiliated with

public education in North Carolina, The concensus of the replies to these questions should give some indication of the progress North Carolina has made in public education during this school year. The answers should likewise point up weak points in the improvement program that i*^ght be give additional attention in the school year which begins next fall.

It will tak^ North Carolina a number of years,'

.owest Cost In

?Dls

corporated In the System, as nermitted by law. totaled 2,^

miles.

In addition to the sections open to traffic. 4,24,^ miles were under construction with Interstate funds as of December 31. md engineering or right-of-way acquisition was in process on \nother 10,668 miles. Thus some 4 drm of work was under way or completed on 27.209 miles of the y.OOO-mlle System about 66 -lercent of the total.

More than $12.4 billion has been put to work otl the Pederal-aid Interstate program since "he accelerated program began In 1956. Work completed since Julj' 1, 19v56, has cost $6.24 billion, of which $5.08 billion was ,for construction and $1.16 bil-'lion for engineering and right-of-way acquisition. As of December 31, 1961. work estimated to coM $6.22 billion was under way or authorized, including S3.68 billion of construction and $2.54 billion of engineering and right-of-way acquisition.

At year end, according to the Bureau of Public Roads, North Carolina had a total of 331.6 miles open to the public, with 142.3 miles under way. Grand total will be 768.9 miles. South Carolina had 244.9 miles open to the public, v^ith 157.3 miles under way. Grand total will be 678.9 miles.

even at the present rate, to bring the level of quality in its public schools up to the point the people of the state desire. By annual evaluation of the school program, however, the people of the state will at least be aware of progress which is being made By such evaluations they will hfe made more aware of the needs which have not been met by the public schools.

It is important >to North Carolinians who this year have put many additional millions of dollars jnto the public school program of their state to know what effect tbls money is having on the quality ofi education. It should \>e important to teachers and school officials also to evaluate the effect of this additional support upon the level of instruction being given the youngsters of the state.

Repercussions Beyond The Immediate Future

It is generally accepted that President Kenne ly and his administration enjoy higher prf.stige now than was the case early last week before the administrations victory in steel price dispute.

The big question now is what effect this additional prestige wul! have upon the Presidents pro-gram now before Congress. Will the added prestige be sufficient to push reluctant memh)ers of Congress to give the President support for such controversial measures as the farm program,reforms, forl^gn trade legi.slation, medical care and other administration proposals?

V

When Congress reconvenes April 30 following its lengthy Easier holiday,vits members will have had an opportunity fo take their own sampling of

pubJic opinion on their home grounds. They doubt- McXauKhtSTndicateTnc.

lessly will not return to Congress wondering whether p T \;t\T T A VT CAD their constituents think more or less of the adminis- c>y ALV li\ i A Y LUK tration because of the recent events. They will have ^ T 1 a .firm opinion, and that opinion likely will be,re- A ^ ^ 1 1O fleeted in their votes legislative matters in the next ../L . J. .ivji J.1^

few months. .

OfAeaow^ I

NEVER THOUGHT OF VOVh^ '

\^PAVING TA.\e^.

r

r

io me i wis

By LYNN MSBET

LARGEST FLEET Larges* publicly owned school bus fleet With the lowest cost per pupi^ for transportation is operated b: the State Board of Education Of North Carolina.

C. C. Brox^TJ. director of the transportation division, recentb reported that the state now har 8.551 school buses, which trans port .565,3.54 pupils. Thl.s; total A little more than 50 percent ot the total public school enroll tnent.

Cost of transportation per pu pil per year is only $17.33, a.^ compared with the national average of $39. he said. The buses travel approximately 293,000 miles daily taking children to And from school. Total annual mileage tops 53 million miles.

As a sidelight, he pointed out that most of the drivers are male high school students 6,800 male drivers and 900 female drivers. The remalrting 850 drivere are adult male and female drivers employed by the Achool systems.

Reaction to the steel cri.'?is and its solution by the President will have repercu.=?sions far beyond any future action so far as that particular industry is concerned. It will carry over into administration action in a broad .field of other matters, and into Congressional decisions as well.

Steel Men Die. Not 'Comoete

Teenage dancing never ceases to fascinate your columnist who has only recently gathered up courage enough to try The Twist.

The trouble Is the Twist, as I finally learned it, is about as old fashioned as The Big Apple (Who remembers thtit?)

Readers should know that the Tw'ist started out as a fairly simple sort of thing done mostly by teenagers. As the name indicates, the performers simply stood in one spot and commenced a gyrating motion

of the hips. This was done to a Chubby Checker record or a reasonable facsimile thereof.

Well this went along pretty w^ell for a time. The teenagers were twisting all over. the place as adults looked down their noses and wondered, as has been the custom since Man stood upright, what the younger generation was coming to.

But then a strange thing happened. Some where some brave adult one dy tried the Twist. Hey, he told his fellow

During the past 12 months 1,-788 miles of the Interstate System were completed to standard, Federal Highway Administrator Whitton disclosed.

This means, he said that nearly 12.300 mUes of the 41.000-mile Interstate System, are now open to traffic, with construction under way on another 4.2^ miles. '

^The actual mileage in use by passenger and commercial vehicles rose from 10,440 a year Ago and from 11.252 as of September 30, 1961, the date of the last survey, to 12.296 as of December 31. Thirty percent of the Interstate System is now open to traffic, Mr. Whitton Aaid.

c Of the 12.296 miles of the Interstate System now in use by motorists. 6.973 miles were completed to standards adequate for 1975 traffic and 3.070 miles were improved to full capacity for handling current traffic, but win need additional improvement to bring them up to .the standards for 1975. Toll roads, bridges, and tunnels in-

TOBACCO FACTSOver 700 factories in 32 states-manufacture tobacco products. Tobacco is the mo.st heavily taxed of all agricultural products. About half of what consumers pay. on the average, for a package of cigarettes represents taxes. Consumers spent about $7.5 million for tobacco products in 1961. Of that total about $3.1 million was for federal state and local excise taxes. Tobacco seeds are .so tiny a tablespoon will provide enough seedlings to plant four to six acres. Growing tobacco requires, an average of 380 man-hours per acre, far more than any other agricultural crop. An cre of com requires about ten hours, an acre of wheat about four.

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By JAMES MARLOW

WASHINGTON (AP) - Government specialists will now' X-ray the corporate intestines of the steel industry which got indigestion from the w'ay it chewed on a good, old-fashioned word liKe coniipetition.

A federal, grand jury, the Department of Justice and Ci)n-gress will explore the industry's innards to determine whether it has' a malignancy or needs an operation.

All within a w'cek in an almost inept perfoiTnance which President Kennedy called greedy and ruthless most of Big Steel raised prices and then unraised them.

One of the reasons given for the increase last Tuesday by Leslie B. Worthington, president of the U. S. Steel Corp. which 'set up price boo.ris. was that his company needed money to keep its steel mills efficient- 4ir-cau.se thats the only way to keep these facilities fuUy competitive.

The other companies in the indu.str>, once . S. Steel stuck its neck out with a price increase, could have given it murderous competition by not Ln-crcasing their prices and underselling the giant.

Most of them did just the op-po.site. They raised by exactly the same amount as U S. Steel. How did it happen? If it W85 all agreed on, the industry can be prosecuted by the government for conspiracy.

Or Is U. S. Steel so dominant that the other com.panies must follow suit? Atty. Gen. Robert F. Kennedy says that if U. S. Steel controls prices, it may have to be broken up.

These are just two of the questions the various branches of government will examine in the .months ,.ahead.

Then one of the smaller companies, Inland Steel, w hose board cliapi?ian, Jo.seph L. Block, is close to President Kennedy, refused to go along with the rest and .said it would not raise prices.

It said that while prices might not be high enough, the national interest came first.

Then U. S. Steel and the others which had lasted* prices because of competitive conditions although they could hardly have been hurt by Inlands competition suddenly

put their prices back where they were.

Wortliington gave iis explanation:

The decision to unraise was made in the light of competitive development and all other current circumstances, including the removal of a serious obstacle to proper relations between gov.eniment and business.

Small within four days IT. S. St^^ said it had to raise prices because of competition and had to unrai.se prices because of competition.

But- the true ineptness of the Industry's prrfonriance was re;

V vealed In the last half of Worthingtons statement about ^other. circum.stances and relations with' government.

It can t)e fairly ask^: If these were major factof^ in . steer.s decision to unraise prices. W'hy didnt _jhc,v Jhink of_ '"them beTo'Fe they did any rais- ' Ing at air^

The raising was done within five day.s after the Steehvork-er.s Union following an appeal by Kennedy to both sides, for a non-inHaonary settler'ent had signed a contract which -gave .^ome benefits but no pay iricrcnse.

The indu.stry gave no hint or Indication that, once it got the workers to anree to no rai.'^e, it intended to fatten its own pockets by raising prices. This alone would have been enough - to ruin its labor iTlations for year.s.

But it was enough also to ruin its relations with the govcm-mf*nt and the public since the Lndustry gave Kennedy no hint of a move which was bound to affect all prices and raise American living costs.

From a practical public relations standpoint in,, Its, relations all around the lea.st it should have done was to wait a decent interval of .some ivu>nthsrtjpfnp^^yfer-to put-v--er a price Increase. . ,,

Its unbelievable that the U. S. Steel boardof directors, meeting within five days of the contract signing, suddenly became convinced a price rise, despite all its implications, was necessary.

Thai kind of fla.sh decision would have been, for a giant industry, completely irre-sponsi-ble, as Kennedy says it was a;iyway. ~

r^ubliC

r orum

TO THE EDITOR:

Three cheers for a certain rental agent and the PTA Committee on obscene literature! The Spirit of 76 still lives! Despite opposition and pressure, these gallant folk have refused to throw in the sponge,

If ever it becomes necessary to rent my home (on N. Elm Street), the house will proudly wear the placcard "of a certain rental agent.

Sincerely, Mrs. Addie Danfelt

TO THE EDITOR:

On October 5. 1961. Mr.

Charles Howard, Chairman of the Public Housing Authority requested the approval of the Greenville City Council for the Publlc_, HQU.slng Agreement. I understood that at the time of his request lor the approval of the agreement that Mr. Howard iniormefl the Council that a siie for a Public Hou.sing Project would be selected. After the site was selected, streets would be laid out. public utili- tics installed and the area con-verLecl into a well planned Housing Project.

This site development would not be done. Land already developed would be taken for this project. For the area bounded by Chestnut Street, Boyd A\-e-nue, Farmvllle Blvd.", and Line Avenue has most of its streets paved all utilities installed and a playground. This is an established neighborhood occupi-ed mainly by home owners. This IS not a blighted area.

In the October 6, 1961 issue of the Daily Reflector the following was printed:Urban renewal, public housing and neighborhood " con.servation all got a shot in the arm last night as councilmen took ^action to -^pedite ' tht-^ 1^

. . .Approval of the Public Housing Agreement allow's the Public Housing Authority to obtain a federal loan for carrying out a survey of housing needs locally. . .The agreement ap

proved last night will only be binding on the City if it actually approves construction of public housing units. The next step is for the Authority to suney housing needs and make recommendations to the Council. Approval of the Public Housing Agreement allpws the Public Housing Authority to obtain a federal loan for carry^g out "a survey of housing needs locally.

I have a letter from the Public Housing Administration, Washington, D. C. This letter states The Public Housing Administration on August 1. 1161 approved program re.servatlons for 225 new dwellings at Greenville.

According to the Daily Reflector of October 6, 1961 on October 5, 1961 Mr^ HowaKl..aj),^,. pea red before the ^Greenville City Council and requested that the Council approve a Public Housing Agreement so that the Public Housing Authority could obtain a federal loan for carrying out a survey of housing needs locally.

The Public Housing Administration in Washington says on October 1. 1961 loan contract for financial assistance was executed with the Housing Authority of the City of Greenville, N. C. Four days before the Greenville City Council approve.s the Public Housing Agreement Washington executie.s loan contract. August 1, 1961. Yet Mr. Howard says on October 5, 1961 a survey of housing needs to be made to determine Greenville's needs.

The residents and property owners of the area bounded by. Ghe.stnut Street, Boyd Avenue, Farmville Blvd. and Line Ave-, nue and the adjoining areas do . not wish any public housing units. The City Court room full of these citizens on April 5,-1962 voiced their objections to the City Council over th proposed plan of the Housing Authority to locate a housing project in their neighborhood.

Sidney H. Skinner

adults, this Is fun! So adults began Joining in all over the place and soon the Twist was sw^eeping the country.

The teenagers, of course, wouldn't take this intrusion lying down, so they began working out their own variations of the Twist.

Well, Sunday afternoon, your columnist witnessed the evolution of the Twist to date among the teenagers.

A sudden rainstorm at Atlantic Beach forced us In the pavillion. There the Twist records were predominant on the juke box.

But the twisting as the teenage dancers performed it wasnt as it originally began. The couples no longer stand in one spot. There are foot movements and arm motions in the dance these days. Just as there was in the jitter bug and later in the bop. The dance still keeps the twisting of the hips, however.

, There was one girl In a beige outfit . . . well her danc

ing defied description. Anyway. to get back where we started, its a sure thing that, for better or worse, the Twist has come a long way since It was born.

It makes you wonder what this younger generation Is coming to.

Opinions In Brie::

One of the problems with

the income tax laws today is that no two experts can agree on how the verious provisions and rulings and interpretations should be applied to a given set of facts.Port Huron (Mich.) Times Herald.

Higher education worthy of the name Is not tailored for the masses. It is there for the young man or woman who has the desire and the ability to work. College professor;, impart knowledge but. they do not spoonfeed it. Macon (Ga.) Telegraph.

Its admrble to be a gentleman, but it& a great handi-...cap.jji m arguniejat?:.Gicen-vllle (S. C.) Piedmont.

Todays prices prove that the best time to buy anything is a year ago.Anderson (S, C.) Independent.

Sysieni Is One Of Risk

By GEORGE E. SOKOlSKY Copyright. 1962. King Features Sjmdicate. Inc.

The capitalist system more correctly might be calld a profit and loss system, or a risk systenf. It differs from feudalism or socialism in this fundamental "respect, that under the capitalist system an individual may accumulate earnings, no matter how earned, to be disposed of by himself for such purposes, private or public, as he chooses. It Is on the ba. is of this definition that the Internal Revenue Service taxes thieves, gamblers, 'prostitutes and other Immoral persons and sources if Income, without regard to the method by which the funds were accumulated.

Al Capones crime, for which he was punished, W'as not murder or vice, but failure to pay Income taxes.

In a word, a person may do as he pleases with his earnings and accumulations of capital provided he pays his taxes.

The prudent pcr.son employs his accumulatl^s of wealth, whether inheilt!^ or earned, to Increase his est^e, to provide for his family, to leave a legacy after his death. He may do this in many ways, such as purchasing insurance, keeping money In savings banks, purchasing real estate, bonds, shares of enterprises, etc.

*There can be no purpose In any of this economic activity unless the accumulation increases. Some persons choose conservative methods for this purpose; others ^are more speculative. That is each individuals free choice, but in every Instance, his objective Is to increase his accumulation of wealth.

If they purchase shares in a company, the investors have tW'O hopes: One. that the value of the shares will increa.se through good management; two. that the company will Issue dividends. which, in effect, are a share of the profits earned by this economic activity. Of course, sometimes the investment, is lost through poor man-. agement, The elimination of the industry from the market, noncompetitive conditions, etc. But the purpose of the Investment Is not to lose but to gain, and a gain can only be made through a profit.

What Is a proper dividend? That depends upon the reason the Investor has In making the Investment. For Instance, if one Invests in what are called blue chips, he is satisfied with a smaller dividend; his object being a return on a secure investment. Sometimes the security disappears as with the railroads. The more speculative person, the risk-taker, goes into enterpri.ses with the objec-^tive of benefiting in rises in value of th shares on the market. But few companies rise in value unless profits are eamed.

The easiest way tq_produce a depression is to -put a celling on profits, because In such an eventuality those w^ho pos-. sc.ss accumulations of wealth either send it out of the country. purchase shares In foreign companies, convert their money into foreign currencies, put their money Into savings bank.s or in a shoe^box under the bed.

President Kennedy, in his duaciel -yUfa toe^Ateel compapg...,... les. might have used other grounds for attack, but when he attacked the concept of profits. his anger led him astray. Surely, he believes in profits; if he does not. what is our economic system to be? The flight of capital has already dona damage to the American economic system; an attack on profits can be disastrous.

I quote from the Annual Bullion \ Review, 1961. of Samuel Montagu & Co.. Ltd., of London. the leading dealers in gold in the world;

Any rational observer wiU accept that the last thing that one wants to see or experience * is a crisis of confidence in what is, after all, the principal reserve currency of the Western World. It is because of this that the present efforts at international cooperation have got off to such a good start. It must be said that the steps which .have so lar been taken towards redressing the unfavourable Balance of Payments position of the . S. Ai have not been -impressive. . .international movements of capital are on such a large scale these da^rs that political considera-tions In Europe could well start

((Jontlnuea on page five;

A Logical If Inept Steel Move

. 7 . *

Strength For Today

By EARL L. DOtGL.\SS CONTROVERSY

Tuesday of Holy Week was a day of violent controversy between Jesus and his opponents. They challenged his authority, ai^ well they might, forjt seemed highly improbable that a freelance teacher from the little village of Nazareth could be' Gods Annolnted and the prorn-ised Messiah.

In parable after parable Jesus demonstrated to his opponents that instead of being friends and helpers of the Most High they were, indeed, opposing the divine work by their selflshne.ss and sin. The scribes and Pharisees. tried to get Jesus involved either with the nan gov-esin.ent o" with the Jewish church on the matter of giving tribute to Cae.sap but Jesus brushed 1 this all a.side with

words that have been ringing down through the centurier to guide us in the choice we make between secular and, sacred matters r Render unto Caesar the things that are Caesars, .said Je.;us, atid unto God the things that are Gods.; .'

^ , The controversy that da^ must

"have been furious, Crow'ds followed him. The learned theologians no doubt gesticulated, shrieked at him, cited authorities. challenged him to show his crcdentils that he was God's chosen. Jesu.s fought back e.ery Inch of -he way. He wa.s gentle himself a.s ho confronted weakness,.in. and paifl.-but hi' was t!i- mo.st stalwart fiph er of all h :-tory -\vhen he confronted error, in je.stice. bvarice. jealousy, and evil Tue.sday was the day of con-

, U'Qversy. ..

By ELMER ROESkSNER

Lets stop kicking Roger Blough around.

Truv h W'as inept in announcing that U. S. Steel was in-crea.sing the price of steel $6 a ton. True, in dashing from Pittsburgh to Washington to break the news to President Kennedy, he was a bit awkward. True, he sorely needed a press agent.

But it was not true that President David J. McDonald of the United S|eelworkers w-as left waiting as a bride at the church by Blough.

There is an idea abroad in Ihp landthat the steel companies hoodwinked McDonald into accepting only frrge benefits in the new contract between the Steel companies and the union; that McQonald agreed to this minor gain solely bedSfuse he ...bc'lieved that steel w ould not in-crea.se its price and that a l.mall gain for labor and no gain for the sf.ee! companies would bt good for the country.

NO DE( EIVKD BRIDE

If McDonald accepted the

,''^ringC' benefits about 10 cents an hour in belief that there W'ould be no rise iii steel prices. he would have been naive indeed, unless, of course, that W'as stated in the agreement. There is no evidence yet that i(? Was.

McDonald must have known that since the last price increase in steel in 1958., there have been four increases in steel wages, comparable increases in salaries, and sharp rises in costs of materials and boosts in taxes'. He knew, of course, tharthere were increases in steel production through automation but neither he nor anybody else knows whether the economies through automation offset the higher costs.

When he slgqed the marriage contract, bride McDonald surely must have realized that the steel companies would have to make adjustments in prices to meet the last four pay raises, if not the new fringes.

WHAT COMES NATURALI.Y Blough, instead of being a reluctant bridegroom, did what

was completely logical. After having settled pay demands, he set about adjusting prices to meet the demands, pay dividends, and d all the other things a company must do.

He ,didnt trap McDonald; he appears to have tried to level with President Kennedy, He seems to have done about what he shuld have done as' an employee of his bosses, the stockholders.

His public relations, of cour.se, were lousy. Instead of spending a million a year for television shows to sooth .the public, U. S. Steel might well have spent a hundredth of that amount for a whiskey-drinking flack who knew his business.

Blough nished to Washington to tell President Kennedy about the price hike. That made about a.s much .sense as telling teacher you were about to slip a tack on her chair. The results w're a!)out the same! Kennedy hit the ceiling about as quickly as any teacher whose sicin waa punctured

WHAT COUl.D HAVE -BEEN DONE

Had there been a good press agent in the wings, the price rise would have been postponed. Instead. Blough woulsi have announced that bcause of sl/ck orders, the higher costa-OfTfinge benefits and the low price t'f steel, several mills IvouId ha\ e to shut down and thousand.s of men be laid off. Other steel companies would have followed suit.

Then Blough could have announced that the only way to end creeping unemployment in steel and to keep the home fires burning was to increase the the price of steel, reopen milla and call the men back.

Nobody wants steelworkers babies to starve, Blough would have-, been a hero, steel would get ito rise and the press agent could go out for another drink.

But Blough. an honest man, did not -operate that way. He told the truth about a critical situation. Let'k stop kicking him around.