Wtdneidajr, April 4, 1962

Two Benefits Iii C&D Emphasis

Special emphasis on attracting food processing industries to North. Carolina is a step by the Department 0 Conservation and DS elopmeiiJ^ which can simultaneously boost industrial employment and agriculture of the state.

North Carolina has lon|: been aware of the great agricultural economy it possesses. While it has forged forward in diversifying its agriculture and making it more profitable, there has been an awareness that farming in North Carolina still has considerable Undeveloped potential.

Where food processing plants have moved into the state in recent years, there has been a marked improvement in the opportunities offered farmers as well as those people who are interested in industrial employment. Food processing plants have provided the two-pronged economic boost by providing additional employment and at the same time boosting farm income by opening new or expanded markets for farm commodities.

North Carolina, with its climate, its soil and

(its experience in agriculture has the potential to become one of thte major areas for *producing food items. For the most part until recent years, the states agriculture has been based largely upon production of tobacco, cotton, and corn, with food items playing a very minor role in the overall farming picture.

The step by the Commerce and Industry division of the C & D to emphasize efforts to locate more food processing plants in the state fits into the agri-business pattern which has been recognized as offering, great opportunities fpr North Carolina. Most of \yhat North Carolina now produces in the way of food products find their way to other states for processing. This applies not only to products of the soil, but to the vast fishery business which is parried on in the coastal region of the state.

By attracting more food processing plants, North Carolina will enhance Jts industrial situation and will open new markets for its agriculture. By putting forth greater efforts to attract such processing plants, the Department of Conservation and Development is taking a step which will be enthusiastically supported by local economic' development groups throughout the state.

Somebody Has to Do Lowest Paid Jobs

ARE yod'/^e

TK^ \NHO

Be

TWAT VipRK.

.veryDoaY n^ .

w ^ ,. Reassuring Decision

Own Questions By seven Astronauts

By LYNN NISBET

CONFUSED Ten thousand or more Democrats who mlll-td around the hcrtel lobbies Saturday before the big J-J dinner had (me thing in common. Everyone of them wanted to find out what the other fellows are thinking and what they are likely to do in politics this year. There was almost universal disappointment. As one fellow plaintively put it everybodys asking questions, nobody answering them.

The two avowed candidates for Speaker of the next House of Representatives, Clifton Blue and Tom Woodard, were much In evidence. If either made any progress in his race it was not discernible. The same thing can^ be said of the activlUes of the congressional candidates who have primary opposition. John Kennedy and Paul Kitchin of the eight district, Ralph Scott and William Wood of the fifth, were as busy as tl% proverbial paper hanger. And in all the conversations about the congressional race there were few kind words for the 1961 General Assembly and its redistrictlng bill.

SPEAKERSHIP - The speakership situation is unusual in several respects. Even before the 1961 session adjourned Blue and Woodard were busily campaigning. The activity continued through last summer and most of the fall. Then the candidates awoke to realization that they were battling wind-mills. The people they were contacting might not be back to vote in 1963. Around the turn o* the year statements began to appear that so and so would not seek re-electlcm. The speakership aspirants curtailed activity. except to keep tab on new announcements and to make contact with all prospects for flrst elecUm. By mid-March and more clearly by the J-J dinner last Saturday it was apparent that a good many hopefuls didnt have much chance in the primary and a few were in danger at the November election. So the candidates for speaker are waiting until after primary to resume active campaigning.

OTHER ENTRIES? Except for small hard cor of active supporters of one or the Other of tlMi avowed candidates the rank and fe of House membership as presently ed is h^lhmiusiastlc about choice offered for Speaker. There was evidence of resentment on part .of some members at efforts to stake them out so far in advance. One veteran said he was disposed to wait until after the primary to oommlt himself and that he might wind up helping to get anc^ber candidate in the field perhaps a man with experience in other sessitms but who was not in the 1961 House.

SUBDUED Activity among potential or prospective candidates for Governor in 1964 was

very much subdued. Joe Hunt, -------

incumbent House Speaker,perhaps stirred up the most' dust. But Henry Jordan was in top form In the role of the wily fox, slipping in and out of Informal lobby conferences with every segment of partisan Democrats and saidng very little. Beverly Lake was on hand, despite his open criticism of the choice of Mayor Wagner to make the main speech. He was so closely guarded by a small coterie of loyal supporters it was difficult for the rank and file guest to get his ear.

HARMONY? A stranger casually walking into the Sir Walter lobby Saturday afternoon might have gained the impree-sion that this was a most harmonious meeting, that everybody loved everybody. That was the surface appearance. It was not difficult for one who knows something of the background history of politics in North Carolina to discover that underneath the surface of harmony and lover there was a boiling pot of animosity, jealousy and rivalrj among .individuals and factions.

COOTROL There was nothing on the surface over the weekend to indicate the real fight going on for control of

Democratic party machinery not just the front organiza

tion but the influences behind the scenes that determine what course the organization will take.

Governor Sanford and his faction have complete conthol of the organization right now. They hold all the offices, they ran the shew over the weekend. The Governor and his friends, however, know full well that their hold on this control is

very tenuous. They cannot assume it is strong enough to

stand much strain. So they did not flAunt their strength or challenge entrenched oldsters.

On the other side of the fence, the element which has controlled and would like to keep control of party affairs recognized that the new group had too much power to be ignored. So they did not challenge, either. The result was harmony on the top decks; but there is very little real harmony dowTi in the engine rooms;

PLATFORM One item of testimony to this situation was the reception given ^^G. Byers prqposai teat ibrm include endOrsemenr of the food sales tax. Byers, the Haywood county man who has spent many years fighting Republicans and recalcitrant Democrats in behalf of the straight party line, argues that the Republicans are attacking the food tax, so wed better throw It back at em and fight it out before the public more tax -or less schools. But majority of the platform committee wasnt ready to go far. The attitude was to sort of soft pedal the thing, not deny but not defend it vigorously, so as to make nobody mad yet.

Althou^rb it may ^ somewhat intangible, we nevertheless find considerable reassurance in the fact that the nations seven astronauts have declined the offer of new $24,000 homes in Houston, Tex.

Had the astronauts chosen to accept the offer as they first indicated they wouldthey would have been able to cite many precedents for their decision. It is not uncommon in our American way of life for heroes of various kinds to be honored by admirers with rather lavish gifts of manydcinds.

Perhaps it is because the astronauts have be- HENRY HOWARD come sort of a national focus of hero worship that we were impressed by their decision to decline the offer of the new homes in Houston. Certainly their decision will enhance their position of respect in the eyes of most citizens.

It adds further emphasis to their dedication to their assigned tasknot for personal gain, but for service to their nation and to mankind.

3asis

Of The

Quarre.

interest tn Science, 'too

ustices

More May Be Namec.

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By JAMES MARLOW

WASHINGTON AP> President Kennedy could make three or more appointments of the Supreme Court even before his first term ends in 1965 If vacancy averages continue.

Four of the justices Earl Warren. Hugo L. Black, Felix Frankfurter. William O. Douglas because of age or length of service have exceeded the average age or length of service of Supreme Court justices.

But, because of the composition of the court, If all four of those men were to retire before 1965, Kennedy at most could add to the liberal view oh the court by no more than one appointment.

Warren, Black and Douglas vote consistently on the liberal side. Frankfurter, compared with them, has been pretty much a conservative since he went on the court In 1939. *

The opportunity which came to Kennedy last week to name Byron ^R. White to the court to succeed Jjjstice Charles _E. Whittaker was unusual, as the ^averages go.

Whittaker had served only five years. The average time on the court for all 93 justices from the beginning has been 16 years.

The nnine-man court which Whittaker just left has been pretty much split between liberals and conservatives, with some little shifting around on individual cases they decided.

While nof^ much is publicly known about White, even though he had been deputy attorney general a year, its unlikely he will run with the conservatives for an obvious reason.

Kennedys programs, while 'neither as suddenly new or startling as those of President Franklin D. Roosevelt in his early New Deal days, arc more or less liberal.

It might be nice to think a president at least one as active as Kennedy is simply interested in picking the man most scholarly in the law wlth-oot concern for his views.

That doesnt fit. At this time in American history. Its a certainty Kennedy wouldnt pick for the court a Southern judge or lawyer who is also a segregationist.

If it Is granted that he wouldnt do that, then it must be conceded a justice's viewpoint mean.s something to the President. Then the only question left is how much a justices vlewpoint means to him.

The President hasnt discussed that publicly. But he has spoken highly of Whites qualifications and said he was recommended by the American Bar A.ssociation for the appointment.

Warren, Black, Douglas and Justice William Brennan Jr. make up what has been called the liberal bloc on the court.

On the conservative side were Frankfurter, and Justices Tom C. Clark, John M. Harlan, Potter Stewart and, generally Whittaker.

Thus, if Whites thinking is along liberal lines, he has tipped the valance toward the liberal side.

'This would be undone it Warren, Black or Douglas quit or If ail three were to step down before 1965and Kennedy replaced them witii one or more conservatives.

If Frankfurter quit and Ken-nedy replaced him with a liberal and there was no other change the balance of the court would be liberal.

Mfl^ankfurter quit and Was repmced by a conservativewhile the rest of the present court remained unchanged there would still be some nip and tuck decisions.

There is, however, no sign

I was just lookin through

that window in the door, the man said; then asked pointedly: What in the world was goin on in there? Arent those men the County Commissioners?

I assured him those distin- guished-looking gentlemen toward whom he nodded as he spoke were indeed the County Commissioners and asked him what had attracted his attention through the glass panel in the,door.

Well, he said. I was on my way to pay my taxes dow'n here when I just happened to glance through that window-glass, I saw everybody kinda huddled around that big table and they was all a-lookin at one of the men eatin something.

From this -the inquisitor said he deduced that something

mightily Important vas a-goin on In there and I sez to myself I better find out what.

It occurred to me then that -he had seen the finale of Mondays meeting. All official business completed. Bob Little and Bob Martin struck up a discussion about whether a dampened square of paper-backed foil from a cigarette pack, folded properly, wmuld burn the palm.

Both commissioners remembered recent experiences that heated both their palms. Bob Little said he knew how to prepare the little incendiary parcel.

Bob Martin said he doubted it.

So the former selected a small square from an empty pack and went to work.

The experiment yielded little fruit, or heat either from that matter, so Bob Little finally

conceded hed forgotten how for the time being.

But, as coincidence would have it, the passerby in the hall peered through the window just as Bob was carefully moistening each side of the paper square with his tongue. (He had said that was the proper way).

The*.scene he saw was this:

Four of the commissioners, the county auditor, the county attorney and the newspaperman sat huddled around the table intently watching Bob Little conducting his experiment.

The observer halted from his tax-paying expedition long enough to make, with a degree of finality, this observation aloud:

Its heartening to see how our official^ go about licking our problems.

Other' Eiditors Saying , Strength Our Population Problems, For TO(doy

(Rocky' Mount Telegram)

One phenomenon of the postwar period has been the sharp emphasis In population shifts in the United States. Not many years this country was mostly rural in makeup. True', we had some large cities, but they were not great metropolitan centers as those Existing in Europe. Then sociologists noted a great mgrtion in America from country to city.

through the suburbs of the Chicago area, schools fill, and a swollen labor force searches for employment.

Slums will spread through many of the older suburbs as they interchange non-white for vhite residents and suffer-pop-ulation losses. Other suburbs, some of them also old, will be bursting with new residents. In the next year or two the suburban area will be more populous than Chicago itself. The

congested cities and into he country and suburbs. Thus, we noted the spectcle of Suburbia mushrooming all over the landscape. This trend brought problemspLnty of them both

that Warren, Black, Douglas orr~economic, and social.

Frankfurter has it in mind to get out. ,

' Tlie average age at whichT all 93 justices in American history left the bench through retirement or death has been 67 years. Warren is 71, Black, 76. Frankfurter, 79,

Black has already served 24Vi years. Frankfurter. 23 and Douglas 23all well above the average of 16 years for all of the justices of the past.

Neither Warrjm, Black nor Frankfurter alT in the 70s would be setting any record if they stayed another 10 years or so. Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes was the oldest justice who ever served. He stayed till he was 91.

It brought other problems, too, (jjhicago is experiencing such a problem now. It has to do with racial migrations. It has been estimated that by 1990just 28 years half the population of Chicago will be Negroes, Where wl these come from? Actually, they wont represent an increase, but rather another shift in population makeup. For example, the population of Chicago will, show littlq^^crease, with the influx of migrants barely matching the movement to the suburb.

Population' of the suburbs will double, according to the surveys, and the number f Negro suburbanites will quadruple. All of this will tehd to cause a period of severe social and economic pressures as slums spread

dominantly Negre:

The question naturally arises: so what? Nothing, except the ease for Chicago Is a pattern that is repeating itself, more or less intensely, in just about every metropolitan area in the nation. How will it affect the South? Well, certainly some of the larger cities, such as Atlanta, Birmingham, New Orleans, Charlotte, will all have their population shifts and their attendant problems.

New jobs, new schools and more housing will all be needed to take care of the Influx. Crowding will loom as a great danger, slums wiU continue to haunt us, and school conditions certainly wont get any better for a while. Whats it all about? One might well call It continued growing pains of a robust nation, one that still has plenty of restless people, moving around, unsettled, curious. It also means those problems aforementioned, and the need for serious effort toward their solution.

By EARL L. DOUGLASS

LIFES DEEPEST SECRET

The word compassion is a common word in the Christian gospel. It was said of Jesus frequently that he was moved with compassion, or that he had compassion on the multitude.

This word comes from tw^o Latin words which mean to suffer with. The compassionate person is the person who has the capacity to suffer with his fellow men. His heartfs statJiaftd, as he looks upon their misery.' He experiences in his own life the pain they are experiencing in theirs. Ife has compassion-on the sorrowful, on the suffering, on the sinful and broken.

If we want to go through life as stark individuals we can do so. We can make it a policy alw^ays to look out for number one and for no one else. We can toss eur heads and say that inasmuch as we did not cuse the trouble which certain people experience it is not up to us to take any steps to alleviate that suffering. It's none of my business. They got themselves into it let them get themselves out of it. I refuse to get mixed up.

This is understandable, but It is understandable only because we all have a selfish streak in us a mile wide. Of course we dont want to be bothered with other peoples troubles and for the simple reason that the inner workings of our "souls are clogged up with a lot of selfishness and plain evil.

But the secret of life is compassion. Learn it.

By GEORGE E. SOKOLSKY Copyright, 1962, King Features Syndicate, Inc.

The other day, I got into a noisy argument with a man over the question of separation of , church and state, he trying to convince me that my views were wrong; I doing the same to him.

After a while. I discovered that our fanaticism was aifier-ent and that therefore we really used different vocabularies in the same language. To him. it seemed important that no tax money should be used to subsidize a religious sect; to me. It seemed Important that in the struggle against Marxism, we use whatever means is available to us to pre^rve our civiliza-Uon. ^

To be "at all sensible, before we argued about the smaller issue of whether some sectarian schools might be subsidized by tax money, we should have asked ourselves what our civilization is.

Were we only mud and clay, we never could, in the short period of 300 years, have con-quered'^a continent and fashioned It into the most powerful nation on Eaith. We had a splendid start. We inherited from the Western Europeans, principally the British and the German immigrants to this country, the Greco-Judaic-.Christian cultures overlaid ^by the great legal development in human rights called common law.

To this amalgam must be added the.curious fact that most of the immigrants to * this nation during the first century of its existence before the Revolution were religious sectarians who left their homelands not to find fortunes but to worship God according to their faith and conscience. The few exceptions to this rule include the involuntary immigrants such as the felons who were exiled and the maids who were imported to be wives. Thus religion^ played an extraordinary role In the forming of the American mind. The large number of religious sects, more than 250, is indicative not of confusion but rather of earnestness.

Statistically, throughout, American history, the majority of the people were Protestants, although from the very beginning In some places there were also Roman Catholics and Jews. The atheist was regarded as outside the pale of our civilization until very recent times. The deist, that Is the person who believed in God but would not be sectarian, appeared about the time of the Revolution in such personalities as Thomas Jefferson and Benjamin Franklin.

The First Amendment to the Constitution says that no church establishment should be permitted. To understand the word establishment. It Is necessary to go back to the 18th Century for a definition. Establishment then meant a goj(mment-subsldlzed and cr/itrolld church. Prior to the 16th Century, the Reiman Catholic Church was -dominant throughout Western Europe and tolerated lio deviation. After the clerical religious revolutions of the 16th Centuria. national churches were estSbDShed, m, iot instance Anglican CTiurch, the Lutheran Church, the Presbyterian Church, etc. These were state-supported churches.

In the" history of religion, most of these churches are regarded as schismatic not heretical. which means that they broke away from the authority of Rome hut did not alter thpir -dogma fundamentally. Pope John XXIII is laboring to bring the schismatic churches back into Christian unity. The heretical churches are those which developed violent changes in do<r-ma. During certain periods of American history, these matters of dogmatic differentiation seemed tn be very -anDnrtant and therefore all sorts of new sects developed.

The first half of the 20th Century developed a tendency toward secularism and agnosticism. Many religious concepts not seem to fit the age. The stniggle between science and faith discouraged Intellectuals from religious participation and through theih went dowTi to the

(Continued on pageffive)

Quote Deduct Lobbying Expenses

"The military leaders of Argentina will still be ^ faced with exactly the same problem as that faced by President Frondizi. and there is no evidence lit the moment that they are in a better po.sltion to deal with it.The Times of Great Britain.

Public

horum.

TO THE EDITOR

. (Jltizens of Greenville and es-..'.

Tfseiaiiy East '

personnel and students should be very* thankful for what our city police have done recently.

I am referring to the change that was made on 8th and 9th streets near the college campus making them one-way streets. Many of us have grip^ ed about the one-way streets in our fair city, but this Is one time we should be really thankful. Our police department showed real good judgment in making 8th street a one-way street for trfc coming from the campus and 9th street go-4 4he eftlnpfl .-Since both- sides of Ihe

\

streets are lined with parked > cars while classes are ip se-

room for one car to go through let alone one coming, from the opposite diiection. It meant the driver of one of the cars would have to stop in the mid(ile of the block near a driveway to ^let 4he other car pass. Making them ohe-way streets will eliminate this precarious maneuver and enable the drivers to pro-, (jeed along aL,a*saie and steady pace. So hats off to our ev-er-alert and helpful. police of Greenvillo fdr negotiating this Ipng overdue action which has been approved by the City T-faHic --nr

Mrs. Frank C|. Fuller

By ELMER ROESS.NER The Administrations tax blU. which bestows tax boons on Industries that invest in new equipment, sprinkles other bene- . fits on companies maintaining lobbies.

As one analyst said of th(i bill, some of the provisions will save you awesome amounts of money.

At present,* lobbying expen.ses in any way. shape or form are not deductible. They have to

the new tax bill, certain Iqbby-ig expenses are deductible.

Prentice-Hall, in an analysis of the bill, reports that If an executive goes to Washington to present his side of any pending legislation to a committee or his o^^n Congre.isman. his travel. h(;^el. consultive, secretarial and similar expenses are deductible .

BROAD EXEMPTION

The law pot only allows complete deductions for expensed incurred before Congressional cpmmlttees on matters affect-Iftg

ers the cost of appearances be-

lore or sending communications to individual members of Congress, any legislative body or any legislator of a state or political subdivision.

You can also get the deduction for expenses incurred in communicating ' information to an organization td which you belong, which is carrying the ball for you in Washington, the state capital or city hall, says the tax service.

Under the present laws, dues -.paidrAa a.ssm*iattoa,are,;,j)aL^ deductible to the extent to which they are used for lobbying purposes. But under the proposed law, dues attributable to these activities are deductible. THE RIGHT TO PETITION LNFRINGED

On the other hand, the new bill proliibits the deductioliof the cost of participating in a political campaignwhich few

elections or referendums, Pren-tice-Hall reports.

That means that any victim of restrictive legislation cannot deduct the costs of protesting it to the public. He may deduct the cost of gomg to Washington and buying his Congressman a ginger beer, but if he takes a newspaper ad asking people to write to the Congressmen to save his business, Jobs and the town itself, it has to come out of his profits. His* right to petition will have been

STICKY WICKET FOR MANUFACTIRERS

For example, th Internal Revenue Service recently ruled that, under the law, croquet balls and mallets made for kiddies, even though not of regulation size, were subject to the manufacturers excise tax.

Under the new tax bm. a manufacturer of miniature* cro-

ers! the costs would have to come ..out of his profits.

Newspaper publishers, I hope, are looking into this curious distinction which penalizes public petitions against legislation, but gives tax breaks to companies that send executives lobbying to Washington.

people, even Republicans re- , quet sets could go to'Washing-

ton to a.sk Congressmen to - But it goes further. It pro- change the law and deduct all hiblts the deduction of the cost his expenses. But if he took' aq of an> attempt to influence the ad ^ in a -newspaper saying, general pubic*.or parts of it,* in",, Write your .Congressman ta . respect to* ^gislative matters,^ take this tax burden off toddl-

BUYERS HELD TO BUYLNf; BETS ARE IT WONT WQRK

Buyers are going to be buyers under a plan being tried out by a New York department

Department store buyers have usually been the top sellers. The buyer was in charge of a department and she bought what she thought the department could sell, and badgered everybody in It until she was proved right. (You can tell buyers because they always wear hats and cluck around a department like a mother hen.)

Bu^ the Gertz'stores, according tc trade reports, are.putting buyers in offices and'separating .them from selling. Old-tteie department store people -are bettiiigrCrtz. wont be able, to keep the buyers off the floor*

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