Wtintdmy, March 14. 1962

Complicated Struggle Shapes Up

Litigation In federal^courtiwhich places at Stake facturing Co. in Philadelphia, parent organization ome 160 jobs at tha Grifton Clothing Company of the Grifton operation, entered into an agreement manufacturing plant, should impress upon Tar Heel with the union in Philadelphia to allow establish-communities the importance of carefully investiga- ment of the same union in the Grifton plant, tion of agreements which companies from other Attempts to unionize the Grifton workers failed, and states may have made before opening new plants in Evans was charged by the union with failure to live North Carolina. a up to' his agreement made in Philadelphia.

The^ move by the International Lady Garment Obviously Mr. Evans is caught in a squeeze by Worker Union to have the Grifton plant closed and the union in his Philadelphia plant which is demand-moved to Philadelphia has naturally drawn the ire that the Grifton plant be moved to Philadelphia, of Grifton residents and other Tar Heels. It is un- Legally, the charges against Evans may not be up-reasonable that the 150 employes of the Grifton held, but at the same time the hostility of organized firm should face the choice of having to become ^ihor against him in Philadelphia coujd be costly members of that or any other union or lose their his company. From an economic standpoint he jobs if they do not join the union. he forced to choose between meeting the union

At the same time, we must realistically face demands or engaging in what could be a long and

On Ze Call From Geneva-

the fact that while, under the law of this state these workers cannot be forced to join that union, neither under the law' can the firm which owns the plant be required to contk\ue its operation in North Carolina ^if it decides not to do so.

The case which is now before federal Judge John Larkins is Indeed complicated. Even the experts in such affairs may have difficulty in sifting

costly battle in Philadelphia.

In the case of the employes of the Grirton plant, who likewise face secondary effects of union hostility since they did not accede to demands they join the union, there is the question of whether their jobs will continue to be available. It appears clear that the workers in'"Grifton have chosen to make the fight rather than be forced to join an organiza-

the details w'hich have been-brought out in the hear- they do not wish to join,

ings and briefs in connection with the case. When Whatever court of regulatory agency may final-

the final findings of the courts or regulatory agen- Lv make a decision in the case, careful consideration cifs will be is now a matter of conjecture. Le given to protecting individual workers and

Aside from the legal aspects of the case, how- employers from economic blackmail, ever, the attempts to have the plant moved to Philadelphia seems to be based primarily on economic pressure. Information presented so far in the case asserts that Sidney H. Evans, owner of Evans Manu-

3attleship Has Wide Attention

A Real Crisis When Food Becomes Scarce

Syniate.'l

(Note to Readers: Lynn Nis-bct is out of the state, visiting in Tampico, Mexico. During his absence guest writers W1 supply material for this column.)

By BUD WILLSON Guest Writer

WILMINGTON. N. C. -While In boston recently, we struck up a casual conversation with a man in the lobby of a restaurant as we waited for a table.

The conversation was routine where are you from? We replied North Carolina.

Oh, youre the people with the battleship, was his immediate comment.

Yes, North Carolina now does hate a battleship. Soon she w'ill hate a World War n memorial'^ which will be unique an?!'^ which thousands of people will come annually from throughout the nation.

Tar Heels contributed some 1310,000 to acquire the Battleship Memorial site, tow the giant ship to Wilmington, construct a paridng area and visitor facilities and to start reconditioning the ship.

Already over 70,000 people have gone aboard tl ship, posed for pictures on her vast main deck and looked in awe at her massive 16-inch guns. Until one hag been aboard, it is difficult to Imagine how complex and how large the . S. S. North Carolina is.

It was estimated that about a quarter million visitors would visit the Battleship Memorial duflng the first year of her operation. Although it is impossible to predict the exact number, the original estimate now appears very conservative. It could well be doubled.

Workmen aboard the ship are now hoping to have all of the giant ships superstructure and topside renovated by AprU 9. the 21st anniversary of her commissioning.

Visitors can now see all of the main deck, including one of the 16-inch turrets which c(wi-talns enough machinery and communication equipment and armor to satisfy any inquisitive boy. Also open for public inspection are the navigation bridge, the signal bridge, the second deck, living quarters, aomm, 40mm and 5-lnCh guns.

Ashore a 500-car parking lot. an entrance sign, and a gift shop which houses rest rooms have been completed.

Still to be prepared will be the museum which wl portray each of the 12 major offensive battles in the Pacific during World War U in which the U. S. S. North Carolina took part. AH of the seitlces will be represented in the displays, with the assigned role of each ax-plained.

Honor rolls listing all Tar Heels who were killed in action or who died as the result of wounds received in action during that war will be erected. Another honor roll will contain the names of the hundreds * North Carolina public schools in which students each contributed 10 cen*s to help save the ship from the scrap heap third honor roll will list the individuals in and out of the State who contributed $100 or more, or who collected $500 or more and who are card-carrying Admirals in the North Carolina Navy.

Also scheduled for the immediate future is the opening of some of the area below' decks. When work topside is completed, the Battleships crew will begin preparing for exhibit the hospital, additional living quarters, engine room, mess hall, and some of the various shops including the tailor, shoe, barber and soda fountain.

While it is impossible to measure the actual dollar value of an educational and tourist attraction such as the Battleship Memorial, there has already been felt considerable impact of the ship's presence in North Carolina. Tourists bound to or from Florida who otherwise would not pause here have spent hours aboard the U. S. S. North Carolina and then have decided to spend the night in the State. Still others have come into the state solely to visit the Battleship, thus creating a still larger expenditure of dollars to the tourist industry.

Receipts from admissions and sale of souvenirs are expected to pay for initial reconditioning and annual maintenance of the Battleship. No tax revenues have been used in the berthing nor the development of the memorial.

The U. S. S. North Carolina Battleship Memorial Is open seven days a week from 8 a.m. until dark and is located on US Highways 17, 74 and 76 just west of Wilmington.

of Cubaaccept this phrase as the real reason for * 4an"lew AtotoWra-

tion officials in Atlanta.

As a member of the commission, Hodges was among a delegation that visited the Atlanta office in late February for a

the new hardships placed upon the uban people.

The Cuban people faced many hardships before the Castro regime came to power, but traditionally they have been well-fed people. The shortage of food has never been one of their problems, study of the Shore Drive rede-

velopment\ project on the draw^ ing boards for Greenville.

Hodges, confessing he made the Atlanta trip with visions of plush offices furnished with high-salaried but dormant Feds, related the reasons for his amazement and surprise.

Those people In Atlanta know more about our own project than we know ourselves. he said.

Obviously, so-called reforms instituted under the new government have severely crippled food production in Cuba. And policies of the Castro government have siphoned off a considerable portion of Cubas food production to other communist nations which faced food shortages.

Blame for the .situation lies not with others, but with the communist regime of Prime Minister Castro and those who have either guided or dictated his decisions. '

All-Out Pitch ?or Just A Few

Thoughtfully he remembered: I thought maybe those federal

boys were just holding jobs with their feet propped wi mahogany desks. I thought they were casually looking around for places to dump that federal money. He continued: But let me tell you something: those boys are sharp. They told us things about our project we never even Jhought about,

Theres one thing for sure. Theyre not going to authorize one penny of expense that we cant justify. And, brother, they can cross-examine our justification.

SnriNG IN on the federal court hearing Involving the Grli-ton garment plant Monday, it was interesting to note the persons among the 100 in the New

Other Editors Saying..., Polling Constituents

Bern courtroom.

Anybody who read the newspapers or watched television during the spring political wars of 1960 would have immediately recognized two familiar faces and jumped to a partial answer to: What happens to unsuccessful gubematoilal candidates?

Behind the handsome mahogany judges rostrum sat Eastern District Judge John D. Larkins, longtime prominent North Carolina Democrat and one of four 1960 candidates for the Democratic gubernatorial nomination.

Late In the hearing, an attorney from the plaintiffs side rose to address Judge Larkins. Pacing the judge was another member of the 1960 foursome, Malcolm Seawell who shared defeat with Larkins in the Democratic Primary.

The Daily Reflector

INCORPORATED

Published Every Afternoon Except Sunday Established 1882 DAVID JULIAN W HIGH A RD, Publisher

Entered at Post Office. Greenville. N. C.. as second claas mall matter.

SUBSCRIPTION RATES By Carrier (In Tdwna) Week 30c

By Carrier (Motor Routes) Week 35c

BY MAIL, Payable In Advance

OreenviUe Post Office, Pitt County, RobersonviUe, Vanceboro Washington and Chocowlnity.

Three Months ............................ t 3.78

Six Months .............................. 7.00

One Year ... .. 13.00

Norill darlina (other than listed above)

Three Months ........... $ 4.00

Six Months .............. 7A0

One Year ....................... HJOO

Plus 3% N C Sales Tax All Other Outside North Carolina

Threa Months ............................ t 4J0

Blx Mbnths ......... 8.00

cme Year .............................. IfiiJO

MEMBBB ASSOCIATED PRBSS-

The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to use for publication all news dispatches credited to it or not otherwise credited to thla paper and also the local news published herein. All rights of publication of special dispatches here art alfe rikerved.

NATIONAL ADVERTISING REPRESENTATIVES Thomas R Clark Co Inc., New York. Chicago Atlanta Member Audit Bureau of Circulation

All adverUsing copy must be received at least one day beiore

pubUcation date.

By JAMES MARLOW

WASHINGTON 'AP) - President Kennedys strategy with a Congress run by his o w n Democrats seems to call for a broad variety of proposals but an all-out pitch for just a few.

He followed this course last year. He has done the same so far this year, although 1962 is still young. Its a technique which avoids a bruising fight with Congress. It also leaves a lot of people disappointed.

The 1961 result was a great many measures approved, if only in a chopped down, diluted version of what he asked. In actual number of items passed the list was impressive.

Not passed were some of his most controversial requests ones on which he talked biggei* than he acted. On these he could hardly claim he fought very hard.

Two of his most important programs last year, from the standpoint of national safety and foreign affairs, were his foreign aid program and' his request f6r billions for defense.

He fought for them and he got them, although Congress whittled his foreign aid request from $4,806.000,000 to $3.914.500,-000.

But in 1961 Congress by-passed, and Kennedy didnt fight for, federal aid to education, medical care for the aged and civil rights legislation. He had prom-l.sed much on civil rights In 1960.

He Is dealing with a Democratic Congress which Is increasingly conservative. When the very conservative Southern Democrats and Republicans join forces there is in effect a third party.

If Kennedy, for example, made a vigorous effort to get civil rights legislation he might anger his Southern Democrats so much some of his other programs would suffer.

An effort to avoid this seems

-.QD

his failure" to do more than he did. In the age of television a president who runs Into a wall in Congress doesnt have to stop there.-

He can go over the heads of Congress by explaining the need for his program directly to the people and asking their help in putting the heat on Congress to give him what he wants.

For some reason of his owm Kennedy has avoided this tactic.

This year he may use it a little. He disclosed Monday he will speak at a Madison S q^ are Garden rally May 20 for one of the programs he has again asked Congress to approve: medical care for the aged.

This speech will be part of an administration campaign for public support of the plan. Kennedy has brought into the White House an associate of longstanding. Richard Maguire, a 47-year-old Boston lawyer, to help coordinate the efforts of various groups pushing for medical care.

It was obvious from the beginning that this year Kennedy would surely go to bat all the way for his trade program, and he has. He has asked Congress for strong tariff-cutting power so this country can deal effectively with the European Economic Community the Common Market.

This fight started months ago with statements by Kennedy and some of his top assistants. Now he is sending seven Cabinet members up to the Capitol to testify before congressional committees.

Although he has made a big thing of federal aid to education there is no public indication he intends to work for it this year any harder than he did last. Still, he has a lot of pushing to do in a lot of directions,

(Cjontinued on Page 5)

(Rocky Mount Telegram)

Sen. Sam Ervin of North Carolina is doing something that all legislators should try to do: keep close contact with his constituents and ascertain their feelings about specific pieces of legislation. All too often a lawmaker votes according to his political belief or because of pressure. How many bother to find out how the average voter feels? It would h'' Interesting to see how the food tax vote would have gone in the General Assembly if more legislators had bothered to contact the folks at home.

But Sen. Ervin is doing just that. He has invited the opinions of North Carolina dairymen and farmers on the administrations agriculture program. As he admits, he has studied the bill at length, but doesnt yet know whether it w'ould be a wise bUl.for Tar Heel dair-men and farmers. He wants to see what they think about the situation. That is a wdse move.

With their opinions he will then consider the bill in the light of their agricultural < perience. The bill undertakes to apply virtually the same kind of program that w^e have had for some years in tobacco and peanut programs to the feed grain program. The bill doesn't change the leaf and peanut allotment programs which have meant so much to North Carolina fanners.

But if the program is approved by Congress, referendums would be put to producers of

feed grains, wheat and dairy products. If producers approve there would be quotas for grains, wheat and dairy products. Since North Carolinas economy is based largely on a farm program the agriculture measure is quite naturally of vital importance to this state as well as to the nation.

Admittedly, the measure contains a number of controversial features and undoubtedly it will undergo a great many changes in the course of committee work. But Ervin, describing the plight of farmers and the government as simply that supply and demand must be brought into line, qyjjies the fundamental concept o! the bill endeavors to cope with this particular situation. ^ ^

The basic motive for ^

riculture legislation is to solve the many problems that beset the . S. farming system. It hasn't been easy over the

AND SPEAKING OF primaries: somebody was sajing Tuesday that Mondays basketball clash between Wake Forest and Yale, televised In North Carolina, was similar to an ideal general election following bitter primary battles.

Their reasoning went like this: the ACC tourney in Raleigh was the primary. Everybody was at everybody elses throat for the tourney crown. Wake Forest put the death clamp on the other seven.

Monday night, they said, was the first round in the general election. Ideally, they observed fans of the seven defeated ACC members now rallied round the victorious Deacons in hopes Wake Forest could now overcome the delegates sent by other parties.

ODinions

years. Often It looks as if new legislation only brings more GCRitrol and more mistakes. Our task is to see that this doesnt continue to happen.

North Carolina isnt a surplus area for grains or dairy products. But if the programs proposed are approved, quota systems would have to be accepted to obtain price supports. That Is why Sen. Ervin is interested In learning what the farmers and dairymen of the state think about the proposed measure. With their opilons and suggestions he will have a guideline in studying further this bill.

What really constitutes extravagance in the operation of a college? Use of state funds to subsidize athletics, as charged by Senator (Garland) Gray, undoubtedly Is one example. 'The extent to what the state should provide facilities for athletics is proper subject for legislative determination. The Durham Herald.

American testing might thc^h not certainly give enouglT impetus to the arms race and to the opponents of arms control to end such control for the foreseeable future. Christian Science Monitor.

Severe rationing of food in Cuba is another indication of the dire straits in which the Cuban people find themselves under the Castro regime. It likewise reflects the severe pressure which is upon the communist dictator to prevent a total collapse of the Cuban economy which now appears closer ^ ^

than ever. % HENRY HOWARD

It is not surprising that Castro sought to place . _ rr-ii t t -r ir t

the blame for his new food rationing upon Yankee 7\ 1. ^ T c \ i A J

imperialism, for this has become the stock phrase \ I C J I 1 I C J I \/ x \ V V V V

explanation for all the ills which have beset the -L j. V-y jr J. x. \w^

Cuban people since Castro and his cohorts came to , ...

nniviir ^ MEMBER of GreenvUles

pou er. , .Redevelopment Commls-

It Will be surprising, however, if the people of slon, Howard Hodges, says he other Latin American nationsanci even the people completely surprised and

Whtch

TypeO:

Folicy?

By GEORGE E. 60K0LSKT

Ckipyright, 1962, King Features Syndicate. Inc.

Professor Hans J. Morgexk* thau, an expert in foreign al-fairs, i$ often critical of the logic of our effort to operate In this field without a fixed policy, so that those with whom we Are dealing ceui know what tt Is. The phrase, world opinion,* Is negative because that does not rcpfewnt a positive approach but is an uncertain reaction to a shifting pressure. He says:

As It has developed In recent years, our policy of foreign aid is fundamentally weak. It has been conceived as a self-sufficient technical enterprise, covering a multitude of disparate objectives and activities, responding haphazardly to all kinds of demands, sound and unsound, unrelated or only by accident related to the political

purposes of our foreign policy

This has unfortunately been true since the Inauguration of the Marshall Plan and the results are not satisfactory, for if w'S wanted to win friends and influence nations by aid, we have npt succeeded in doing so, (Dur remaining friends are only those nations which must be on our side out of self-interest, or are those which belong to the so-called West which means that they can only avoid being conquered as long as they hang tc^ether.

On Jhe other hand, aid can be a form of bribe to governments and It must be pointed out that such bribes have not been unusual In history. Mop-genthau provides numerous Instances. The great Talleyrand was not abcrve taking bribes and presents as he passed from one stage to another of his ama-Ing career. In the Twentieth Century, this Is a dangerous business. Soviet Russia bribes more effectively than we do because Russian machinery for that purpose Is more efficient. A bribe can also be used for political blackmail and therefore the Russians have the advantage of secrecy, for they need not report. Our attempt to conduct secret diplomacy via the CIA has not been too effective because somehow it leaks out.

For purpose of bribery therefore a totalitarian government, such as Soviet Russias, is more effective than a nation which Is controlled by a free Institution like Congress, representing the people. It is difficult to record a single Instance in recent years of bribery succeeding on our side. The best example Is Tito of Yugoslavia who has received upward of a billion dollars from us since foreign aid started. The advantage has been that Jito, while a Communist, has not been absorbed by the Soviet Universal State, but he would not have been anyhow, certainly pot during the era of Stalin, for Tito l^lieves In national rather tl^ universal Communism.

F\irthermore, In all critical situations in the United Nations, Tito voted against the Unite<l States, Joining with Nehru and Nasser In organizing the uncommitted nations. On the whole, It can be said that while Tito has been a trouble-maker within the Soviet Universal State, he has always created many difficulties for the United States, whose foreign aid policy it has been to keep him in powc

Perhaps the greatest weakness in our foreign aid policy has been that it has stimulated Jealousy among nations. For in-stAn(, we poured enormous sums Into the rehabilitation of our former enemies but we ignored Latin American countries close at hand, with the result that Latin American jealousy has stimulated the anti-American and pro-Communlst movements In those countries. The Kennedy Administration is trying to rectify that situation but It Is late after the failure of the Truman and Elsenhower Administrations to remember that Latin America exists.

Professor Morgenthau says of this:

Bribery disguised as foreign aid for economic development makes of giver and recipient actors In a play which In the

(Continued on page fiva)

Federal Reserve Reaulations

Strenoth For Today

By EARL L. DOUGLASS HES AN IMP0RTA.NT FACTOR

How are you and your guardian angel getting 'along these days?

Yes, we all have guardian angels we can be quite sure of that. Jesus said of little children that their angels do always behold the face of the Father who is in heaven (Matt. 18:10. Do you think that just because you have added twenty. thirty, or fifty yqnrs to childhood that you no longer need a guardian angel? Personally I feel the need of a guardian angel more today than at any time In my life. The word angel means messenger." The angcLs are those holy beings by w hich God constantly sends His messages to us, guides us, coun

sels us, and leads us in right pathways. We have freedom of will if we want to exercise It. If we want to turn away from angelic guidance, we have a perfect right to do so; but we do so at our peril.

As We observe how almost every child brushes close to death at some time in his or her early life, we become aware of the strong hand of the guardian angel at work. More and more as we grow older we attribute to ourselves, our cleverness, our Industry, any apparent success we may have. But dont count out the guardian angel, when you are looking over lifes trlumph.s or when you are confronting the pro.spect of disaster.

Keep on good terms w'ith your guardian angel.

By ELMER ROESSNER

The controller general of Americas .second largest bank lashed out at Federal Reserve regulations and excessive supervisory shackles at a meeting of the American Bankers Association a few days ago. He did not. however, demand freedom to pay higher interest rates.

Charles A. Agemian of the Chase Manhattan Bank, New York, declared the commercial banks must work in the confines of shackles put on us by supenisory authorities which, indeed, curtail our cmmpetitive-ness.

He declared that one shackle put on commercial banks was the requirement of a 5 per cent reserve against time deposits. Savings associations require no su(ih penalty. he pointed out, adding that the reserve has no vestige of liquidity indeed, it is the most .sterile and frozen aaset we have on our books. . . . The removal of such a shackle would assist Us in bearing the burden of the additional interest payment; indeed by .simple nrith-mctio it would cover up to one-third the increased exiwnses of going from 3 to 4 per cent.

WOULD BREAK A HARDWARE STORE

The Federal Reserve recently allowed banks to increase interest on savings from 3 to 4 per cent.

Mr. Agemian continued. Commercial banks are subjected to layer upon layer upon layer of supervision. If a hardware store were to be subjected to half this much supervision, it couldn't stay In bushiess. Of mutual banks and savings and loan associations, he asked, How are commercial banks on the same street supposed to compete In the mortgage business when they have different rules to follow?

The controller said that It costs a savings association About 0.6 per cent to service its savings accounts, and that it costs commercial banks between 0.4 and 0.5 per cent. The bank's interest rate of from 3.5 to 4.0 per cent brings the total costs of money from 3.9 to 4,5 per cent.

MARGIN OF PROFIT

Banks should make prudent consumer loans, he .said, and If this Isnt pos.slblc it could consider tax-exempt bonds and FHA and VA govenunent-guai^

anteed mortgages both of which with actual maturities of 10 to 12 years will yield 5.75 or 6.5 per cent with virtually no investment cost. He added, This can be done with comfort and prudence only when one is convinced of the hard core and stability of savings accounts.

While Mr. Agemian did not-mention specific competitors, California savings and loan associations are paying 4.6 pef cent on insured deposita, whUe commercial and savings banks may pay only 3.75 per cent on ordinary savings deposits and 4 per cent on those left for a year or more. This tends to drain savings from the East to California. a situation that is worrying bankers.

The usual explanation Is that California is in need of so much new housing that mortgage rates are high enough to spin off 4.6 per cent for those who actually put up the money.

However, if FHA and VA guaranteed mortgages yield 5.75 to 6.5 p<T cent and it costs savings as.soclation no more than 0.6 per cent to .service accounts, it would look as if savings association could make constant profits from these types of in

vestments without worrying about the local home-seekers. It would also seem as if savings and commercial banks could afford to pay 5 or 5.5 per cent on deposits If some of those old shackles could be broken.

Footnote: Americas first largest bank Is the Bank of America.

SHORT AND SIGNIFICANT BUSINESS NEWS BITS Maremont Corp. of Chicago has acquired American rights to a Japanese spinning system that cuts manpower needs 42 per cent. . .The cost of getting to and from your doctors office can be Included in medical expenses for income tax deduction, Prentice-Hall says. . , Dun & Bradstreet has set up a special service to give those critical credit facts on discount retailers. . .The National Better Business Bureau is warning wotnen to be wary (rf claims that vinyl undergarments will ".spot reduce fat on thighs, mfi^fs or ankles. . .That last stockholders report, whlchNooked like a $1 job, actually cost only 15 cents copy.