Monday, March 12, 1962

Notable Choice For Supreme Court

The unprecedented action of Gov. Sanford in appointing a woman to the State Supreme court fends to overshadow the fact that the governor was careful to follow the much more important precedent of selecting for the appointment one of the most capable attorneys and jurists in North Carolina.

It would have been a mistake for Gov. Sanford to appoint Judge Susie Sharp to the Supreme Court just for the sake of having a woman on the highest judicial body of the state. It would have been a far greater mistake, however, had the governor automatically eliminated any consideration of Judge Sharp for the high post because of her sex.

Since her appointment as a special Superior Court Judge by Gov. Scott in 1949, Judge Sharp has gained a reputation as one of the most efficient and capable judges on the Superior Court bench. She

higher post to which Gov. Sanford has appointed hen

\

It may take some time for North Carolinians to get accustomed to the idea of having a lady jurist on the highest court in the state, just as to took time for them to become accustom to having a lady as a Superior Court judge. We have every confidence, however, that the high calibre of service rendered North Carolina by Justice Sharp will stand the test of time just as has the service rendered the state by Superior Court Judge Susie Sharp.

Symbol Of Scholaistic Achievement Is Cood

Traditionally the school letter and school is regarded as a judge with a keen and deep know!- sweater have constituted a status symbol reserved* edge of the law. The record she has made as a for athletes who have affoided outstanding repre-jndge of Superior Court during the past 13 years sentation for the school in interscholastic sports.

Sure, I Have a Reserved Seat

- BUT TWE BORMAN \MONt EVEH LET rAE mro THE BUtLRlMG ANVWiORE!

reflect her eminent qualification for the new and

A Challenae In

; - ood-Processina

(Note to Readers: LjTin Nis-bet Is out of the state, in Tam-pienr^Iexico. During hLs absence guest writers will supply material for thLs column.)

By GENE KMGHT Director, Public Relations, Farmers Cooperative Exchange.

Inc., guest writer Take It from a lot of State leaders, including Governor Sanford, food processing offers both a challenge and an opportunity to the agriculture and industry of North Carolina.

Noting the apparent lack of attention in this field, the Governor made It known in a mid-February statement that his office is pushing a program for the establishment and expansion of food processing plants in the atate.

The Department of Conserv'a-tlon and Development will spearhead the effort with the assistance of N, C. State College. the N. C. Department of Agriculture and numerous farm organizations.

The food processing business Is a wide open field for North Carolina." the Governor declared. We already process the great bulk of our homegrown tobacco, and there is no reason why we couldnt process a much greater portion of our foodstuffs

As a matter of fact, tobacco, the very crop that accounts for the bulk of North Carolina farm income, may be the villian in the case. It takes precedence over most other crops because of its relatively high return per acre. It is meat and bread for thousands of North Carolina farm families. As such, it takes first call on the farmers time and efforts.

Still there are many farms which could supplement their annual income by growing those crops in demand by processing plants and which, because of different harvest time, would not interfere too seriously with tobacco.

Sweet potatoes are a good example, and there are many supporters of this crop even among tobacco growers. Hear, for instance, what L. T. Puryear of Clinton, the State s sweet po-tatoe champion in 1961, had to say:

If you treat sweet potatoes like you do tobacco, you 11 clear about as much money.

This comes from a man who also is one of the States top tobacco producer, with yields of well over 2,000 pounds per acre.

To win the sweet potato championship in 1961, he produced 489.2 bushels of No. 1 yams on a measured acre and had a total markable yield of 589 bushels from the winning acre.

This week on the Raleigh Farmers Market, cured No 1 potatoes were bringing from $4.-00 to $4.40 per bushel.

Yet the existing processing

plants in North Carolina often have trouble in securing an adequate and steady supply of fruits and vegetables.

As a matter of fact, G. D. Arndt, general manager of the Farmers Cooperative Exchange, lists procurement as the No. 1 problem at the FCX cannery in Lumberton. This plant places heavT emphasis on sweet potatoes. with the bulk of the annual pack in this item.

Locally grown yams simply were not available in adequate supply last fall to keep the plant going, and buyers ranged as far north as Maryland and Delaware to supplement offerings from the Eastern counties. Even then, the plant fell far below capacity, While we are after quantity. the FCX general manager said, we must, at the same time, demand quality. It is impossible to pack a quality product with sub-standard raw materials, Todays public is discriminating. and the canner who thinks he can get by with hit-or-miss quality will not long be in business.

Under present conditions, the FCX canning plant could usg the total output of 1,500 acres of sweet potatoes annually. Such an acreage would jleld around 350,000 bushels.

To encourage farmers to produce more potatoes, the TCX offers two contracts. The first promises to take the entire output at a guaranteed price per bushel. The second allows the farmer to sell off his No. 1 fresh market potatoes but guarantees a market for his No. 1 canning potatoes.

Arndt believes the ultimate solution to the problem lies In an educational program which will show farmers the opportunities of producing for the canneries of the State.

M. J. Wood, head of FCX marketing, also has definite ideas along this line. He says: Most people have, the impes-sion that canneries use only culls and surplus. This is far from actual facts. Producing for the canning market is just as important as producing for the fresh market. Quality and uniformity may be even more im-ponanl. This lack of interest is growing fruiis and vegetables for commercial canning must be overcome if we are to move ahead in making North Carolina an important food processing center.

Thus one of the big jobs facing Govenior Sanford. State agencies and farm leaders in 1962 is encouraging and promoting the processing of North Carolina-grown foods in North Carolina plants.

This program will have the double purpose of providing the farmer a better market for his produce and of providing job openings close to the farm, the Governor pointed out.

"We can go much further. And we will.

Recently, however, some schools have broadened this status symbol to recognize outstanding achievement in other areas of school lifeparticularly scholastic achievementon the part of individual students. It is, we think, a fitting policy particularly for high schools where scholastic achievement often fails to gain the recognition it deserves, particularly among the students themselves.

Some high schools in Greenville and Pitt County may already be giving consideration to awarding a school letter or school sweater to those who make outstanding scholastic achievements as well as outstanding achievements in the field of athletics. If they are, it i. our hope they will follow through by formulating a program to make such awards possible.

If the idea ha<s not been given serious consideration by school officials hereabouts, we commend it

to their attention with the belief that it offers an- By GEORGE SOKOLSKY

other means of according scholastic achievement a more rightful place of recognition among the wide variety of activities now associated with high school programs.

nions Reject Railroad Study

The Americans Will Pay

The Daily Reflector

INCORPORATED

Published Every Afternoon Except Sunday Established 1882 DAVID JULIAN WHICHARD, Publisher

Entered at Post Office. Greenville, N. C.. as second cla mail matter.

SUBSCRIPTION RATES By Carrier (In Towns) Week 30c

By Carrier (Motor Routes) Week 35c

BY MAIL, Payable In Advance

Greenville Post Office. Pitt County. Robersonville,, Vanceboro Washimton and Chocowinity.

'#iree Months t 3.76

Six Month* ............................ 7.00

One Year . .. ..................... 13 00

North Carolina 'oti.er than listed above)

Ihree Month.s 9 4.00

Six Months ... ISO

One Year ...... 14.00

Plu.s 3% N C Sales Tax All Other Outside North Carolina

Three Months ......................... 9 4.50

Six Months ............................ 8.00

One Year .......................... 16 00

MEMBER ASSOCIATED PRESS

The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to u.se for publication all news dispatches credited to It or not otherwise credited to this paper and also the local new.s publl.shed herein. All rights of publication of special dispatches here are also reserved.

By R.ALPH ROBEY

Fifteen months ago President Ei.'ienhower appointed a committee to study and report on the problem of railroad emplo.v-ment and work rules. The committee consisted of five from railway unions, five management members, and five representing the public. The long report has just been issued, and the unions say they will have none of it. Management, also, is not happy, but has accepted the report as a whole. ThLs means, of course, that fundamentally only the public members were able to arrive at an agreement.

That there should be such a difference of opinion is not surprising. No other industry has such a messy employment situation. Unions long have been expremely strong in railroading and all of them have been adamant in fighting for the rights of their members. These rights have been interpreted to mean that no one could have his job abolished and also that if a man was hired to do one thing he could not be assigned to do anything else.

Management mu.st also accept part of the blame for the present situation. For too long management gave in to the demands of the unions and when it started to object and ask for changes it meant that there would be fewer jobs which no union could be expected to accept.

Government is a third party that de.serves substantial responsibility for the present sad plight of the railroads. This is the result of its archaic regulation. Such regulation Ls found at both the federal and the local level. This system of rules and powers was developed when railroads had a monopoly of land transportation in the nation, and at that time the regulation was ess-ential. But long ago the railroads lost this monopoly position through the growth of truck fleets, airplanes, and so forth. No basic changes have been made, however, in the rights of the management of the railroads.

Here are some of the recommendations of the commission:

Instead of the present system of pay being ba.^ed .sometimes upon miles run. .sometimes upon hours worked, and sometimes upon a combination of the.se two factors, there .should be a standard formula worked out for all em.ployees.

Hours should be brought into line with other industry prac-tici's. At pre.sent some railroad employees work morf than 70 hours a week but in Inter-city passenger traffi'" the average day for calculating the pay of engineers and foremen is 4

hours.

Set a definite retirement age and make it mandatory. At present the workers may retile at 65. but 5 percent of the engineers are over 70 and 22 per* cent are over 65.

Gradually eliminate firemen on freight diesel locomotives. This had been a point of bitter controversy betw^een management and unions. It is not recommended that there be wholesale discharging of these men, and it is said that when a fireman is released he be given a libera] dismissal allow'ance. plus two years of job retraining at company expense.

Readjust the wage scale by lifting the pay of those now earning the least. Judge Rifkind, chairman ot the commission, estimates that the total wage bill would be increased by 2 percent, if no allowance Is made for the elimination of the deisel firemen.

When management and labor cannot agree on a change, it . is suggested time after time that the issue be submitted to binding arbitration.

Submission ol this report, of course, does not solve anythin?. But it is a real contribution. The public can now get the facts and with luck we may be able to work through the.se serious proDlcms.

Ooinions

In

A most important contribution to the advancement of our civilization would be the development of a shoestring which would last for the life of a shoe.Charles City (La.) Press.

Dont flatter your.self that friendship authorizes you to .say di.sagreeable thing.s to your intimates. The nearer you come into relaf|bns with a person, the more^nece-ssary do tact and courte.sy become. Except in cases of necessity, which are rare, leave your friend to learn unpleasant thing.s from his enemie.'; they are ready enough to tell him. Oliver Wendell Holmes.

Why does it co.st $14 50 a squ u e foot to build one school and le.vs than $10 to build another? The taxpayers would surely like to know since it is their money flying out the

window. New-

Gieensboro Dai.y

NATIONAL ADVERTISING REPRESENTATIVES Thomas F. Clark Co., Inc., New York. Chicago. Atlanu Member Audit Bureau of Circulation

All dvertislng copy must be received at least one day t)eiore publication date.

Strenath For Today

Kv FAKI, L. r>Ol (;i .V.SS TUF TIIKIl I, OF ( FHTAfSTY

How marvslou.s is a .sense of certainty! we inin'.ie

ab<jut in seini-darkne.s. not know'ing wheie we .stand on the big .s.-^ues of life or what we are to do in tlie haniiling of our problem... we find our-.*elve.'- miserable b-yond de-scnpiion. It IS only wdicn certainty enters our minds, wren we know that wp are on the right track and pre-ariK '.o-ward the right goal, that >ve really begin to look up and live

There Ls no one rule to 1k' laid down whereby we can gain certainty There are sorne things. howeVer. which we mu.st have and which wc mu.st do if ceitalnty Is to be our porilon. First of all. we mu.st Iw .sure that the ends which we would

pursue are woith while. We must lie pretty sure that there is ;i riiili'. and wrong side to nio.st questions and we must re-solutely and immovable get our-.selves over on the right side of the line. Then we mu.st look into our hearLs and see if there is anv .selfishne.ss or deceit therein.

In oihe. words, certainty usually come.'; with the exhilarating .sense of a clear conscience and with complete commitment on our part to do the right thing in every circumstance we confront, come what may. The tlirill of certainty appears to be a ph.vslcal thrill. As a matter of fact, it is a spiritual thrill. If aiLses out of our conviction that we are able to handle life hrcause we are honest, straightforward. and committed only to good ends.

Copyright, 1962, King Features Syndicate, Inc.

No matter what President Kennedy, the Congress or any other American body does about boycotting Cuban cigars, they will come into this country as bootlegged whiskey came into it from Canada and Great Britain during Prohibition. The only difference is that the Canadians or the British will add to the price and foolish Americans will pay for the violation of their countrys right to exclude from it any commodities that it does not w'ish to receive. This is an old story.

The only way to keep Cuban tobacco in any form out 0f this country is to boycott Havana cigars wherever they come

from. Thus far, our efforts to use economic weapons as a matter of policy have not been successful because our allies, particularly Canada, have pursued contrary policies which they, of course, have a right to do. And we have a right to take retaliatory steps, but have not done so. The Canadians deal with Red China as they deal with Cuba. They have lightened Castros situation by buying whatever Cuba has to sell and by seDing Cuba whatever Castro can afford to buy, even American goods. This is Canadas right, but we have a right to protect ourselves from Canadian voraciousness and cupidity.

The only effective way to conduct a boycott is by making it a peoples movement.

Other Editors Saying. . Vindication

(Richmond News Leader)

This weeks report from the Prettyman board of inquiry amounts to a complete vinda-catlon for Francis Gary Powers. Because this newspapers attitude to the young U-2 pilot had ranged from lukewarm to cool, we are happy to accept the board's findings. Judge E. Barrett Prettyman Ls an outstanding jurist, now retired for many years on the Federal bench in the District of Columbia. When he says Powers conducted himself well, lived up to his contract. and is inherently and by practice a truthful man, we believe it.

One point, however, should not be left In a limbo of misunderstanding. Some of the news reports suggest that Powers had been criticized because he failed to commit .suicide. We have heard very little criticism along that line. Powers carried a curare needle (the curious Russians, entranced by the morbid device, couldnt resist scratching a couple of laboratory dogs with the needle; the dogs died in less than two minutes), but he was never under any compulsion, express or implied, to u.se It on himself. The plan was, that if he were subjected to unbearable torture, he had the needle; his decision, in such a contingency, was to be wholly his own.

The criticism has turned rather on two aspects of Powers condndl; Many persons have wondered why Powers failed to destroy his airplane, in order to prevent its highly secret equipment from falling into Soviet hands; and they have wondered why Power^testlfied so volubly at W^Triar in Movscow.

The Prettyman report makes it clear that Powers intended to pre.ss the "de.struct switch as soon as he was sure he him-

For Instance, all the enthusiasts who scream against Khrushchev but buy Polish hams or Czech muck and truck are obviously insincere. If one objects to Communism, he buys no goods made in Communist countries. If he does not know geography well enough to know which are Communist countries. the best way is to buy American and end it there. Economic chauvinism Is not the answer to all questions but an economic weapon in the cold war can work.

So It Is with Cuban goods. A cigar that calls itself Havana is made of Cuban tobacco. Cuba is a Communist country. Therefore, one who is opposed to Castro does not buy Havana cigars whether they come from Canada or Great Britain or anywhere. If a person cannot get along without Havana cigars, then let him not say that he is anti-Castro. Every time he puffs at such a cigar, he is _ helping to finance Castros an-

,. V-/i p 1 VV d O tl-Americanism. It is like those

who want us to defeat Soviet Russia but object to the use of any adequate means to do it.

I used to smoke about 20 cigars a day, from breakfast to bedtime. It was an act of self-indulgence unjustified by anything rational. Then I had to stop and I have not touched one for about six years now. I stopped under unpleasant clr-cum.stances, being coerced by a fierce doctor and a loving wife. But the queer thing about it Ls that I do not miss the weed at all. It is like chew'ing tobacco or sniffing snuff - or any other vulgarity. When I was a boy, every parlor had a spittoon, or if you liked to be fancy, you called it a cuspidor. That was to take care of the surplus cud-chewing of the tobacco user.

Well, nowadays one does not see much of them, but the cigar smokers do discolor the atmosphere and make the eyes blurry and we can do without that inconvenience. If we called Havana cigars. Castros, no American could put one in his mouth without developing a spastic colon.

The easiest way to get in the right frame of mind is to take any Havana cigar that is still in your possession or that someone offers you. put it on the ground, and crush it with your heel. That will raise your blood pressure, annoy and anger you, stir up your adrenal glands and cause you to curse Castro in the most cursinglst language you know how.

Then you will feel good and martyr-like and sure that you have done your deed for the day. After that, you will never smoke a Havana cigar because the temptation to vent your anger in the aforementioned manner will keep you from doing it. ,

self could get out of the cockpit. Something went wrong, and he was hurled half way out of the plane. I tried to get back to the destructor switches, but I couldnt. A few seconds later. an oxygen hose snapped, and Powers fell free. This is a plausible account, and the Pret-t>Tnan boards finding that Powers w'as a cool and unflustered pilot in an emergency situation should suffice to quiet this criticism. It was a bad break for the United States. These things happen.

On the second line of criticism, the board of inquii-y notes Powers instructions from the CIA, If captured, he was to adopt a cooperative attitude toward his captors. He was to be respectful toward enemy interrogators. He was to consider himself perfectly free to tell the truth about his mission with the exception of certain specifications of the aircraft.

It appears startling, at first glance, that an intelligence agency should direct a spy to make no attempt to deny the nature of his mission, but the CIAs premise toward the U-2 pilots was that they were not vspies at all: They were simply hired hands, employed*to fly pre-planned missions as bus drivers are hired to drive a specified route. ^

Perhaps Powers carried his cooperativeness a shade too far in answering certain questions at his trial and in expressing such eloquent regret, but within the framework of his instructions, this now is seen as a matter of small degree. He does not emerge from his lo^ ordeal as a hero, but he sumly does not come out as a coward or knave. The country does not have to be especially proud of Powers, but thankfully, it does not have to be ashamed.

Stocks & The

Ruyer

By ROGER BABSON

BABSON PARK. Mass.This question briefly Is: Should we buy the most popular stocks, or should we buy those In little demand? ^

MOST POPULAR COMMON STOCKS FOR INVESTME^

Probably drug stocks are the most popular today. This Is the time of year when so many are sneezing and your favorite drugstore Is doing its best business. Also life insurance stocks are always attractive. Everyone is striving to live longer; whDe the doctors, the hospitals, and the government are helping them to. Consequently, life insurance stocks are high, and hence pay the smallest cash yield of all groups. Investors do not want to sell their life insurance stocks, especially, as the companies constantly declare stock dividends, which investors like. 'They pay no taxes upon these until they sell the stock received.

Other popular stocks are those of companies making office equipment, due to the scarcity of good office help. This, scarcity is the result of older, efficient workers coming Into Social Security. If President Kennedy has his way. this will be increased to further help the aged, the ill, and other unfortunates. Companies selling food are also popular. Everyone must eat, and most people like the great new self-service food markets which are becoming a social center where you meet your friends. Of course, the stocks of these food chains are high; but the population is constantly growing. It may reach 200,(XX),000 in five years.

COMMON STOCKS BROUGHT FOR SPECULATION

These are primarilx the electronic and space Issues of companies getting U. S. defense contracts. I do not like these, even though they are much lower in price than they were a while ago. Sometime this nuclear weapons race will end. I do nrot even expect that any readers of my column will see world disarmament. This Is silly to even talk about now. But the use of atomic and hydrogen bombs to destroy cities will be controlled, especially before China gets them. As this is generally recognized, these stocks will lose their present unjustified glamour.

Unpopular common stocks are the railroads, the cement companies, the copper and other metals. I would keep out of railroad stocks (bonds are different); but the world surplus of metals is constantly becomir^ less. This, in a way, applies to the making of aluminum. To make aluminum there must be cheap and abundant electric power such as exists in Africa.

I like to buy copper stocks when they are cheap. The beams" to and from satellites may someday reduce the demand for copper; but these beams and the universal use of microwaves are long years ahead.

POLITICS VS. NEW IDEAS

The newspapers devote many columns^o politics, and we are inclined to overestimate the importance ol^ politics as our Investment statistics show that there is little correlation between politics and the stock market. My readers had far better study the new ideas being developed, such as fuel cells, new^ adhesives, and foods from cellulose. New developments now in test tubes and on drawing boards have great profit possibilities.

Moreover, history shows that it does not require much capital to start a company with only an idea. But it requires great patience and persistence. Mr. Clinton Woods of 2803 Goodwood Road, Baltimore 14, Maryland has recently published a book showing that 200 of todays biggest companies started without capital. It is Important to young people who are willing to work and who have the patience to wait. I have given away over 100 of these books to help the right people, although they can be bought from Mr, Woods. These books are the best Investment that I know of for anyone who doesnt want to pay out more than $5.75 (postpaid).

(Next week I will discuss in my column corporation bonds, municipal bonds. U. S. Savings Bonds, savings bank deposits, and preferred stocks).

!'deas On Tax Changes Awaitec.

By FI .MFR ROE.SSNER

The Hou.se Ways and Mean.s Committee s Idea of *what the greatP.si tax changes .since !).)4 should be will be tos.sed in Cons're.sss lap this week perhaps to'iav,

.Although alnio.st everyone, including Caroline, is convinced that the American tax system is sorely in need of overhaul, the Committee has done little more than slap a few' bandages on the ruddy body of our tax law.

The Ways and Means proposals will go to the rules committee and then to the floor of the Hou.se. where these slight bandages may be largely ripped away. And when the legls-lalion goes to the Senate, the solons may claw' at the raw fle.qi.

WHAT BILL PKOVIDFS

One of the most impoitant parts of the new law- grants an 8 per cent tax credit for invest

ment Jn new equipment. This Is a caiTot intended to tempt corporations to spend more for new equipment, including automated de\ ices. This tdx-kis.sed spending will cieate more jobs In the short term, but the results may reduce future employment. Automation often does.

Despite the rugged future of this propo.sal. top executives may now well consider its effects on their own corporations and start to draw schedules for replacing - with tax dollars ob.soIetr machinery There need bo no feeling of guilt: that is the idea behind the tax 1 a w change.

THE GENTLE CRACKDOWN

The bill provides a watered-down version of plans to rein cxpen.se-account spending on the Koveniment. At first, .some attempts were made to cut tax deductions for entei half.

Screams went out. taurants and hotclar* said they

p 10 cui lax ii'tfljinment in

it.^afe.s, res-

would be out of buslnes.s if the entertainment flu.sh money was cut in half. Business protested too. but the prote.sts were softened by the fact that some companies would like to get rid of expense account spending by sale.smen and executives.

So Ways and Means agreed that all of this subtle commercial bribery could be deducted provided it is related to the active conduct of a trade or business. Some firms can drive a camel and the entire Rlng-llng Bros. Bamum & Bailey Circus through the eye of that needle!

AU) TO El ROPE INCLUDED

There are few other changes In the law in the bill. The provision for paying S corporation taxes on profits abroad in the year earned In.stead of the year returned to this country was watered down

The bin provides that profits are to be taxed in the year earned unless they are reinvest

ed In plants abroad. That will be a fine stimulation for European economies. Who will want to bring profits back to be taxed here, when the tax can be avoided by Investing the profits overseas?

Dont worry too much about the mess. After the House, Senate committees and the Senate itself get through with the bill, it will be a much greater mess.

MOONLIGHTERS GET A TAX BREAK

The Prentlce-Hall tax service points out that while a man cannot deduct the cost of traveling between home and job in calculating Federal Income tax, a man holding two Jobs can^ decuct the cost of traveling from one to another. Furthermore. the cost can be deducted In arriving at adjusted gro.s.s Income, so the moonlighter can take the standard deduction as well.