>-

Wedn^day, March 7, 1962

Can We Hike Outlays So Rapidly?

Proposals of the United Forces for Education it clear that this particular method of financing that North Carolina add another $90 million lo its additional spending for schools was chosen because spending for public education in the coming bien- it offered the broadest possible base for revenues, nium raises the fclear-cut question of whether the and further that it offered the potential of produc-state can afford to jump its*educational expenditures ing an increasing amount of revenue in each bien-at so rapid a pace. nium. This, combination of factors was* seen as a

The proposal for an additional $90 million in method of providing additional revenues each year expenditures raises the ques^n of where the neces- with which to carry out a continuing improvement sary $90 million in additional state revenues will program in public schools.

come from to off-set such an expenditure. This The increased amount of money available from

particular question the UFE carefully avoided in one biennium obviously would not be as

issuing its proposal for spending. great as that provided in the first biennium in

Most Tar Heels, we think, are anxious for the which the sales tax on food were effective. The pace state to improve the calibre of education in its of progress in public education, therefore, would public schools. At the same time, most" of them rea- have to be scaled to some e.xtent to the general lize that the goal of quality education cannot be economic progress of the state and the additional reached in one or two years, or perhaps within a revenue produced by this long-range program for decade, for that matter. The rate of progress must financing school improvements, be geared to the amount of additional spending North Carolina needs to continue to improve for public education the state ^ can afford and is the quality of its public schools as rapidly as prac-" willing to pour into the effort. tical; but from the .realistic point of view, it can

During the current biennium spending for meet its needs only as. rapidly as its financial posi-public education is'being carried on at a rate of tion permits it to. ' ' ^

more than $100 million over the previous biennium. This can most successfully be done by a realistic This rate, for the most part, was made possible by * approach to the problem at both the state and local the three per cent sales tax on food and other items levels, in which there is full recognition that every which prior to last year were exempt from the additional dollar which is spent to meet these needs states sales tax law. must be balariced by an additional dollar of re%*enue.

At the tim^ the sales tax on food was proposed ^ . _

by the Sanford ^administration, the governor made

; Revenue Report inspire Geneva Hopes

Stop Stnigglins^

Not All Gooc.

By LYNN NISBET

STATE TAXESThe r6port of tax collections for the general fund account of the S;ate for the first eight months of the current fiscal year does not reflect a healthful economy. The figures for the one month of February are ^ slightly better.

Total general fund collections for the eight months from July 1. 1961, through February 28. 1962, amounted to the hefty sum of $219.805,428. This xras S24.-011.273 more than was collected for the comparable period last year, an Increase of 12.26 per cent.

But the increase the sales and use tax bracket amount to $87.-291.620, an increase over the previous year of $25 .517 641, In other words, the major sources of general fund revenue other than the sales tax showed considerable decrease in vield. Incrane taxes were off nearly six million dollars, privnlge taxes about half a million.

Next to the eeneral sales and use tax the bigsest increase was shown in the beverage schedule, which is also essentially a tax on consumption. The base of application of the general sales and use tax was greatly expanded by the 1961 General Assembly and the liquor tax was raised 20 percent. These raises were effective July 1, 1961, subsequent to the comparative period covered In the current report. It seems obvious that the Increased yield In these brackets was due entirely to the higher rates, not to Increased business: while the decrease in yield from the old established sources which were not changed reflects less business in these areas.

In view of this record it seems unduly optimistic to suggest that the expanding economy of the state can take care of greatly increased spending without revision of the tax structure.

DAMSSen. Everett Jordan and Rep. Harold Cooley disagree on the best method to ccmtrol floods and conserve water in the Cape Fear valley and its upper branches of the Haw liver and New Hope creek. Senator Jordan supports the idea of one big dam on the Haw and a couple of smaller ones on its tributaries, as proposed by the Army Engineers. Rep. Cooley favors the plan lor a number of small dams up and down the streams, as proposed by the Soil Conservation Service.

There Is no reason to question the absolute sincerity and the honesty of conclusions

reached by each man on basis of information at hand. Yet there are very human, political and valid reasons for their respective positions.

The big dam favored by the Senator would inimdate some 30-odd thousand acres of land in Chatham and Wake counties, but would give quicker and just as adequate relief from flood menace to residents down the valley. This project involves the age-old story of the right of the sovereign government to take property from a citizen against Ws will, but not without compensation, when It is needed for the common good. Homeowners in the area that would be taken over naturally protest. They insist ,on the small dam plan which will be far less disruptive of their routine and require less confiscated land.

In either case the land to be taken is located almost entirely in Chatham. Randolph and Wake counties. And. in either case, the major benefits will accrue to residents of other counties along the river between Chatham and New Hanover. That is where the human and political considerations enter.

PRACTICALChatham. Randolph and Wake counties are in the district represented in the Congress by HaroldTooley. He is more familiar with conditions and problems in those counties than in others down. the river. It should be marked up to his credit that he is zealous in protecting the interests of his own constituents. Senator Jordan has equal obligation to represent every county in the state. It cannot be denied that in this instance more of Senator Jordans constituents will benefit by early building of dams than by delay. It is natural and appropriate that he should look after the interests of the larger number to whom he is obligated.

It is easier to understand Governor Sanfords enthusiasm in behalf of the big quick dam. He not only represents all the people of the state as does Senator Jordan, but he lives at Fayettevilleright in the heart of the area that stands to benefit meet from the project.

As of now the betting odds strongly favor the big dam project supported by the army engineers, the Senator and the Governor to vlnif any dams are built. At the same time some of the criticism leveled at Chatham homeowners and Rep. Cooley for defending their birthright seems to be unkind.

Past experience in negotiating with Communist governments does little to raise hope or enthusiasm over the forthcoming disarmament conference in Geneva.

The speech marathons of the past, that began with feverish hopes, that were marked by propaganda exchanges, that ended ^ with nerve-dullenei stalemate, are too well remembered.

McNuprht .Syn-irftte. Inc. W

Lore hexnry howard

Getails Are Rememberec.

agreement on disarmament or halting the nuclear -i^ weapons race. So what are we to do?

Experience is discouraging enough, but the immediate future wears no aura of hope, either. The observer has good reason to feel Geneva conference There is. as everybody involv-participants were going through mechanical mo- ed either takes for granted or tions memorized from past experience, fulfilling a consciously appreciates, an ov-

formula playwrights would discard as lacking in to iuSelM

originality and inviting an audience to walk out be- members of that universal and fore close of Scene One, Act One. eternal army that carries on

The fact that President Kennedy deemed it V^?itution of marriage.

necessary to remind Premier Khrushchev that nego- ^ the Scr(as*umve5al'Md tiators must avoid sterile exchanges of propagan- eternal as the institution itself) da is in itself evidence of the ill vvind that blows, of these blessed people to recall

Such a statement bhould not be necessary if there

^ ^ 4.U r i.1." ceremony that initiated them in-

was reason for optimism on the eve of the meeting, to the ranks.

But to Geneva we must go; What is unceasingly remark-

If only to prove the leopard has not lost his able about it is the Inexhausti-

spot.yand the intransigent Communists are still in-

tiansigent. ^ ^nd reconstructing and then re-

There is simply nowhere else to go, and noth- calling and re-reconstructing, et

ing else to do. cetera, those magic moments.

We spent a most enjoyable evening recently doing just that. I There were six of us compar-

1 ing those ceremony notes, but.

as usually happens, one account stole the show:

Dot remember the sudden

rex

Noisy P T o Geneva T alk oti

surge of affection and love that swept through her usually-composed companion the moment the vows were completed and they were man and wife. Right there in front of all those poeple, he turned to me, grabbed me, and boy he flat planted one on me! she declared and explained, And thats so unlike Joe. Hes usually so quiet. I was just swept off my feet.

Then, as most frequently happens when couples are re-doing the ceremony, came the classic question; Whatever possessed you to do that in front of all those people, Joe?

What Is most irregular was Joes answer that set off a hearty round of laughter:

I had to. That wedding director you hired told me to.

Mondays discussion at the commissioners meeting of the Coastal Plain Planning and Development Commission led to

ner

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By JAxMES .MARLOW

WASHINGTON (AP) The buildup for the new disafma-ment talks has been too big, too tense, and too dramatic for them to fade out quietly.

They may not accomplish agy more than all the other dismal disarmament discussions since World War n.

But the background of these new ones a 17-nation conference opening in Geneva March 14has been too flamboyant to produce less than some fireworks of their own.

In that background were the Soviet nuclear tests of last fall. President Kennedys call for 17 foreign ministers to start the talks, Premier Khrushchevs demand that they begin with a summit conference, and Kennedys decision for the United States to resume testing.

Most dramatically of all he riveted attention on these talks by saying America would test by the end of April unless, before then, Russia agrees to a nuclear test ban with an inspection system.

In other words he asks agreement on the ban when the disarmament talks supposed to last till June are less than six weeks old.

No wonder then that the worlds attention and its hopes although from experience the hopes must be dhuted with some skepticism are fastened on these disarmament talks as never before.

Now that theNwo giants have started down the nuclear testing road again there is nothing to look forward to, unless the disarmament talks succeed, except an endless nuclear race.

If the talks collapse, its a good guess the fallout from East -West denunciations of each other will last for weeks. If

they Just bog down, a summit meeting at last will probably climax them.

The last disarmament talks, far less dramatized than the scheduled new' ones, were two years ago. It took months to arrange them 10 nations took part then and they began March 15, 1960.

They ended June 27 that same year when Russia walked out.

The Eisenhower administration said the Soviets had torpedoed them. The Soviets denied this and fired back accusations of their ow-n.

But the environment was dif; ferent then. Those talks could not have been climaxed by a summit meeting. In May 1960, while the talks w'ere going on. Khrushchev smashed his summit conference with President Eisenhower after the downing of an American U2 plane deep Inside Russia.

It was a time of extremely bad American-Soviet relations. The bust-up failure of the disarmament discussion was hard-, ly a surprise.

This, time * Khrushchev has backed down from his demand for the talks to begin with a summit and has agreed to the suggestion of Kennedy and British Prime Mlnlstef Harold Macmillan that they begin with a foreign ministers meeting.

Both in turn had made an apparent concession by indicating they might be willing to have a summit meeting with Khrushchev before June, which would be before the scheduled end of the disarmament talks.

This was supposed to have been an 18-nation meeting. But the French government of Charles de Gaulle announced Monday it wouldnt take part. Paris has shown distaste for this meeting right along.

Ob Is

Editors Saying... ust Beginning

(Goldsboro News-Argus)

South Carolina moves to put into operation a decision to expand and strengthen its University of South Carolina at Columbia. Such a decision was reached two or three years ago. A president w'as elected for U.S.C. with his understanding that he would serve only until the right man to lead the development program was found.

The special committee picked to find the right man has proceeded slowly and careful-iy. In recent months its search has turned to Dr. Leo Jenkins, president of East Carolina College at Greenville. The fame of what Dr. Jenkins has accomplished in two years as E. C. president has spread far and wide. The man and the moment met when he was picked to succeed Dr. John D. Messick. For 12 years previously as dean and as vice president of E. C., Jenkins had been gaining background and knowledge and understanding for the greater work of administrator of the college..

Under Jenkins East Carolina has moved first to deepen the quality of instruction. Faculty and other college officers have been encouraged to join in the new spirit of scholarship. Greenville people will tell you the closeness of college and city was never better. Witness business men of Greenville putting up $225,(KK) to build a coliseum. The seeking spirit among stu

dents shows in its lively college newspaper and in its challenging student magazine. One not familiar with E. C. and its enrollment of 5,000 students would sense this undercurrent of moving out in its student publications.

It was only natural that South Carolina came to Dr. Jenkins with an offer to go to Columbia. That offer is so good that it could not be turned down without consideration, informed sources say.

But Dr. Jenkins must balance the offer against known situations which might develop. Today Jenkins Is as Tar Heel as they come, but he is not a Southerner. He is a native of New Jersey. And if South Carolina reacts true to history the place of birth of the educator could be used against him when the chips came down as issues developed.

But Jenkins would not dodge such a fight. His final decision as with any other man, would be predicated on the challenge and the opportunities for, betterment for himself and family.

We predict that offers to Jen kins from South Carolina will be followed by offers from other institutions. If North Carolina keeps him to go on with the great job now just well started, the state must meei the competition for his services. Flatly said, w'e will have to pay him what others offer.

the topic of agricultural diversification.

County Agent Sam Winchester, at the meeting to file his monthly report, was pointing out the economic benefits that could be derived from production of various crops by an individual farmer.

Chairman Alton Gardner cited a drawback: Everybody

around here is too tobacco-minded. They put all their emphasis on tobacco.

Bob Martin of Bethel explained that situation: Tobacco

money rolls in by the hundreds, other-crop money you count by tens.

Then Robert Little of Simpson added this; A tobacco farmer just cant afford to be interrupted during harvest season. Take those hogs of mine. They never break out until July.

Littles remarks made us wonder If domestic animals develop the same sense of season that is so apparent in game birds.

Everybody knows the ducks flock into' Mattamuskeet the day before and the day after hunting season.

Domestic animals, perhaps, know they can wait until the busy tobacco harvest season. Then they have a better chance to enjoy a free day or so.

Maybe the creatures we call animals have been exposed too long now to a human environment. Their apparent reasoning appears so very human at times.

ODinions

In

Our sjmapathies really are with that fellow who says he is experiencing so much trouble just now that if any-thiny else had happened to him it will be at least two weeks before he can possibly get around to worrying about it.,^High point (N.C.) Enterprise.

There are two ways of achieving success: By putting your shoulder to the wheel, or putting your head on the shoulder of the man at the wheel. - Maurice Sejtter in The Wall Street Journal.

Americas emblem is the soaring eaglenot the blind and timid mole. Fear, apologies, defeatism, and cowardice are alien to the thinking of true Americans. As for me, I., would rather be dead than Red.J. Edgar Hoover.

p in Irrors

By GEORGE E. SOKOLSKY Copyright. 1962. King Features Syndicate, Inc. Secretary of Labor Arthur J. Goldberg comes out ()f labor and has had a vast experience with labor-management problems. As Secretary of Labor, one of his tasks is to avert work stoppages, particularly at this time when the government is directly or Indirectly the largest employer of labor in relation to the defense.

There are several approaches to the problem of employer-management r &4 a t i o nships. These may roughly be stated as follows:

1. Permitting the law of supply and demand to apply to the utilization of labor which would mean the free disposal of the time of the worker as the needs of management appear;

2. Collective bargaining between a more or less pow'erful management with a more or less powerful labor bureaucracy the tendency being that both bureaucracies, management and labor tend to together to keep the shop going, as long as a selling price can be maintained;

3. Arbitration, either by professional arbitrators or by agreed upon groups;

4. Mediation, in which the government appears as a third party, representing the public:

5. Strikes for political reasons as for instance the sit-down strikes for organizational purposes.

All these relationships are tried from time to time In this country and none has succeeded altogether. The largest part of the work force remains outside the unions; the unions in some industries are more powerful than management which may, at times, and under special circumstances, even become dependent upon them, as, for instance, when management borrows from unions to keep going or when the unions use surplus funds to buy into industry. Government mediation is constant either through the National Labor Relations Board or similar federal and state agencies. As a matter of fact, big labor grew protected by federal mediation (it has been called interference and worse names by management) just as big business grew protected by the tariff and other acts of Congress.

There is then really nothing new or startling in Secretary Goldbergs proposal concerning mediation, except that he states his program as one of national policy, proposing to use It not as the Wagner Act was used to protect unions but as a medium for the protection of the Interests of the American government and people. In a word, he seats the government at collective bargaining tables as a third Interested party. The fiction has been, up to now. -that the government is disinterested. Impartial, unbiassed even when a strike occurs at Cape Canaveral.

For Instance, in a speech at the Executives Club in Chicago, Secretary Goldberg said:

It is a universally shared and obvious truth that we cannot this year afford a repetition of the 1959 steel strike. Actually, we could not afford such a strike in 1959 either. There are strikes which only affect the strikers and the particular industries Involved. There are other industries in which the national interest is the dominant factor and in which a strike may so imperil the nation as to be equal to a defeat in a battle, or bring on a destructive inflation of the currency. It is the latter type of labor-management fracas that Secretary Goldberg was obviously discu^ng, in which the public interest becomes a par-ty issue.

Bui when unemployment is still our leading social problem, is it possible to say that the public interest is not always involved? Do We have to wg.it until unemployment becomes acute to attempt to solve our problems by the artifices of the New Deal, which almost destroyed free endeavors in this country? May we not employ foresight, at least to the degree that we stave off acute unemployment?

Fault-finding w'ith either management or labor does not serve much purpose at this moment. We are caught in a vise of prolonged international and domestic errors which cannot be cor-< Continued on page five)

Twenty Different Airline Rates

Strength For Today

By EARL L. DOUGLAxSS THINK ON THESE THINGS

Alonzo Stagg, the famous football c^ach and trainer, did not retire until he was 98. Why should he have retired? He still had vigor and ideas. The calendar is the poorest thing in the world to consult when contemplating retirement. The thing to ask Is whether or not you have any more usefulness in you, and what you are best suited to do now that the age digits have begun to pile up.

Stagg was a stickler on the matter of self-discipline. He -put his foot dowm hard on liquor for any of his boyj. He held that the poisoning of the body never goes with athletic achievement. He w as hard and unyielding in his rules. Instead of be

ing criticized and murmured against for this firmness, he was idolized by the boys. When other men had retired and were sitting out In the sun, frustrated and unhappy as they tried to fill their time by running trivial errands, Stagg was out on the field giving his orders In his kindly but firm fashion and turning out some of the worlds best athletes,

Wbat marvelous characters the human race produces once ip a. wJhile. Everybody cannot be a leader, but we can all follow the good rqles of a wise leader and really turn in. at the end of a carqer, a good .score card. But we cant do this un-lexss we are willing to discipline ourselves. Life has a plan. Nature has laws. The soul has a destiny. ;

Think on these thingst

By EI.MER ROESSNER

When new transatlantic group airline rates go into effect this Saturday, there will be a total of 20 different round-trip rates between any city in the United States and any city in Europe.

These 20 different rates, according to Busine.ss Week, will range from $189 a round trip (by chartering an entire prop plane off sea.son) to $900 (for all-year first-class jet rate).

There is another group rate, granted to clubs and societies that have been In existence for more than a year and which will charter an entire plane.

This rate was approved by the International Air Transport Association several years ago, and since then has become one of the shambles of the Industry.

EVERYBODY IN THE ACT

Under chartered plane rates, round trips cost from $189 to $258, depending on whether the group goes in the on or off .sri.son, ami whether byprop or Jet. t

While some effort was made

to limit charters to established clubs, societies, etc., some organizations appeared to spring up and age a year in a few days to take advantage of the charter-plane rates. And some organizers would charter planes from lines that were not members of the I.A.T.A. and fix their own price.

A large part of the business I.A.T.A. had hoped to develop for members was drained off by opportunistic enterprisers and ad hoc societies.

ANY NITVIBER CAN PLAY

To regain this business, I.A.T.A. has developed the new group plan that goes Into effect Saturday. It provides that groups need not be more than 25 strong. Groups are expected to be six months or more old, and to have been formed for purpo.ses other than beating regular airline rates. However, groups formed spontaneously without a travel agent nudging themare entitled to the rate.s, which are slightly higher than the chartered plane rates. The new group raids are

$278 per person a round trip between New York and London by prop planes and $300 by jet.

There are a number of restrictions on these group (lights, but busy agents will probably find ways of getting around them.

Charter plane rates appear to be the cheapest, followed by the new group rates, 17-day excursions. family plans and the regular all-year fares. The 17-day excursion and family-plan rates are available only between October 1 and March 31.

SPREAD OF RATES WORSE IN AUTO INSURANCE FIELD

An even greater variation in rates has been found in the au-to insurance field by Consum-' ers Union. In what it calls the first comprehensive survey of ' the $6 billion auto insurance market, Consumers Union /ound a chaotic market.

Perhaps the mdst astonishing single fact about the private pa.ssenger automobile Insyrance today is the range of different prices consumers pay for identical Insurance coverage, the

union reported in its Consumer Reports.

It found that the rates in Connecticut for one kind of liability coverage varied from $27 to $884. depending on numerous criteria, including the geographical location of the Insured; his classification, based on age, sex, marital status and occupation of the cars drivers; the distance they drive; the purpose for which the car is driven and other factors, Including discounts and surcharges based on driving records.

The union concluded that auto' Insurance is one of the most complicated purchases a consumer can make.

Except, perhaps, a flight ticket to Europe.

PLASTIC COATED PLOWS FOUND TO WORK BETTER

The same plastics that make no-fat frying po.ssibIe may make plow'ing easier. United States Department of Agriculture engineers have found that covering plows with Teflon or high-density polyethylene keeps soil from sticking to them.