Wdnefda3T, Februi7'21, 062 . *

Support Prices Go With Controls

I

ft should be apparent to fahners of certain problems^ the idea of continuing high price supports areas of the nation that the present administration without some sort of reasonable control on produc-does not intend to continue the practice of paying tion seems completely out of the question, high support prices for farm commodities over The farm program offered by the Kennedy which there is no corresponding control over pro- administration is far more realistic than the farm

duction. programs offered under either the Truman or the

While Congress has not yet indicated its sup- Eisenhowei^ administrations, will, in our opinion, port of the administration in this particular matter, ferve the interest of agriculture and the public such an indication should be forthcoming in the interest much better than the programs proposed near future. ^ ^under either of the earlier^dministrations. It de-

The agricultural Interests which expect the agricultural interests and of

federal government to continue price support* with- Congress. ^

out reasonable controls on production areasserting T T* ^ ___ ft j.

they should have their cake and eat it too. They jniStOriG a\Ci116V0IX1GI1 L are taking the position that the government should

guarantee prices regardless of production and that T

resulting surpluses of commodities which result are CiIlClS X X16 JuOHm W Ull

not the problem of the farmers.

The administration, in our opinion, is taking It was a day of historic achievement as Lt. Col.

the correct position in its assertion that production Glenn piloted the first successful orbital flight

controls should go along^with price supports, and ^ space vehicle through its orbits

further that if farmers do not want production con- Ihc earth and a safe landing in the

trols they should be willing to let the old law of Atlantic.

supply and demand control both production and brought to an end the long waiting of Ameri-prices in the market place. cans and other people of the free world for one of

A program of rigid price supports and strict own to shatter the bonds of gravity and move

production controls has worked well for tobacco flight through space. It pushed back the

over a period of almost three decades and it is on horizons of achievement for the American space

this basis that the administration is seeking to ^f^ort and it paved the way for deeper manned broaden this basic principle to other farm commodi- Prpbes into the universe. Obviously it offered new ties. While various crops have their particular ov^oonce that the space-age gap between the program of the United States and that of the Soviet

Union is not as wide as a great many people may

have been led to believe.

The long months of waiting and the disappointment of delays which have surrounded the Mercury manned-space flight project gave way to elation in this country and in others as literally millions watched and listened to the progress of the flight of Lt.

Col. Glenn. The choice to conduct the space flight in full public view through live broadcasts and telecasts was fully vindicated by the reaction here and ^ o a t m

abroad to the minute-by-minute progress of the -H.AL L>UYLE astronaut as he circled the globe in space.

Success of the orbital flight by Lt. Col. Glenn moves the Unit^^ States up another important rung on the space la^er. It offers positive proof of the

capabilities of the scientists who have worked dili- york (AP) - Some

gently to bring this country Into age of manned thing happened to me today space travel, and it proves also the capabilities of that maybe shouldnt happen to the men who have been assigned the hazardous task ^ and never hw.

of pi^^ing the first crafts into outer space. The day was made memor-

marv Therp are also a cood Th thrill that John Glenn received by being able by a birthday card from

SL3 many stories noting that incum- the first American to orbit the earth surpassed onlv 74-year-old mother in Kan-

1^. .hat more than one "! f. other Americans who watched

or that his progress that they had long waited for, hoped dren she bore are still alive

..-a aa pravod for. It was a day the generation of ^ ulccr-free and

Americans who witnessed it will long remember, .ay^ ^ rncAle a

Thais Our Boy!

Industry 3y John

Begun

Bolfe

By LYNN NISBET TOBACCX) The importance of tobacco to the ec<moniy of North Carolina and the whole country is well known. New emphasis was given to some phases of the Industry at the North Carolina Wholesalers Association meeting In Winston-Salem. George V. Allen, native Tar-beel, who is prMkient of the Tobacco Institute after a distinguished career in government service and diplomacy, nc^ that some 17 million Americans depend upon tobac-

trucksmuch to the chagrin of North Carolinians and disgust <rf out of state \1sltors. Several in-siate owners of this type equipment think North Carolina ought to go along with most of the other states in clas^ying the jobs as passenger Vehicles.

Cant Happen To A Dog

CHOICEThere are frequent news stories these days about such and such a person filing for this or that office as a candidate in the forthcoming pri-

and a half million businesses are engaged in tobacco trade, directly or as suppliers of gbods and services.

Tracing development of the tobacco industry from the time when John Rolfe planted a few tobacco seeds at Jamestovvn in 1612 to its pre.sent gigantic stature, Allen drew some interesting ~ comparisons;

John Rolfe never exported more than 2,500 pounds of tobacco. Last year U. S. farmers grew about two blllJon pounds of tobacco on 1,174,000 acres and were paid one and a third billion dollars for their crop. Exports of cigarettes totaled 22.3 billion, while sales of cigarettes in the United States (Including armed forces overseas) reached 503 billion. Consumers spent about seven bmion dollars for cigarettes. From one source cm* another a very large part of all the money spent fOT tc^mcco' and tobacco products found its way into pockets of North Carolina workers and investors.

TRUCK?When is a truck not a truck? That is not a mechanical question in this instance, but a legal problem. There has developed wdthin the past two or three years a compact composite type of mobile sleeping-quarters vehicle with other camping features mounted on small pick-up trucks.

It appears that most states as well as the Federal parks and parkways consider these jobs as passenger vehicles. According to information at hand they arc permitted <hi park roads, where no commercial trucks are allowed, and except In North Carolina are not required to stop at roadside truck weighing stations along the highways. North Carolina does require them to stop and be weighed as commercial

re-election who has been widely promoted does n(X choose to run.

This situation brings up once again the fact that our much vaunted popular primaries are not so popular, after all. Basic theory of the primary system of nominating candidates is that it gives the people free choice among all the citisens, and that majority vote will control, rather than having a few men rig a nominating convention.

nje fact Is. however, it stretches meaning of words a good bit to call the primaries popular, or suggest that every citizen has free choice. Actually, voting In the primary Is limited to the men and women who before a fixed deadline, either ten or six weeks ahead <rf voting day, plank dovra the equivalent of one percent of the salary for one year In the office sought.

And if only one person puts up the money to file, the authorities do not even print a ballot or permit that electorate to vote. The sole filer is declared the nominee of the party.

Very few people In North Carolina would go back to the convention plan of nominating candidates although the historic record is that method got some mighty fine officers in the days between the beginning of North Carolina and adoption of the primary in 1916. While they would not readily abandon the primary system, mo.st North Carolinians have quit kidding themselves about it offering a choice among all citizens for the best candidates. The choice is limited to the few who cough up moneyor have somebody else cough it upfor the board of elections to get their names printed on the ballot.

Questioning Of

The Daily Reflector

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r rancis

By JAMES MARLOW

WASHINGTON (AP) Public quizzing of Francis Gary Powers, after the government finishes questioning him, might make headlines for a few days but probably wouldnt illuminate or prove much.

There have been some persistent questions about the case of the 32-year-old U2 pilot whose spy plane was downed W'hlle on a flight over Russia May 1, I960:

Did a Russian rocket bring him down? Why didnt he de-" stroy his plane to keep it and its equipment out of Russian hands? Why did he admit his guilt so readily at his trial?

Powers already has answered some of them. President Kennedy has put a limit on how much he can say publicly.

The government has been questioning Powers, w'ith the press kept away. since the Russians released him and he returned here over a wnek ago after serving 21 months of a 10-year sentence for spying.

Once the government has finished, Kennedy said last week. Powers will give whatever Information would be In the national interest to give, This limits what he can an.swer.

Theres been talk, but nothing final, about a further congressional investigation. The chairman of a couple of Senate committees have expressed interest in digging deeper into his case. Some other senators are reluctant.

When Powers plane started down, 1.200 miles inside Russia, he was .supposedly flying, at 68,000 feet, or 12 miles. There has been doubt the Russians had a rocket good enough to bring him down from that height.

After Powers Moscow trial Pravda published a letter it said he had written to clear up the point of why his plane went dowm.

It quoted him as saying he didnt feel any blow of a direct hit but believed the plane was wrecked by the shock wave of an explosion and thought the tail was blown off, forcing the plane to nose down, with the wiftgs then dropping off.

Why didnt Powers blow up

Bowers

his plane. When he knew It was going dowTi Inside Russia, instead of taking to his parachute, as he said he did at about 14,-000 feet?

At his trial Powers denied he was supposed to blow up the plane.

The Russians suggested at the trial that he was supposed to commit suicide with a poison needle they said they found on him. Powers said this was to be used only If, after capture, he w'as tortured and couldnt ' Stand It.

The answer to the question why did he ever admit at his trial he was on a spying mission over Russia?seems simple enough. He could har^y deny it when the U.S. State Department had already admitted it.

Theres no answer yet to this question? why did he seem to cooperate with the Rasslans at his trial to the extent of saying. I realize I committed a grave crime and expressing regret he had ever made the flight?

It has been reported, but not publicly verified by him, that he was brainwashed and drugged.

The answer might be as natural as this? that the Russians promised to let him off with a comparatively light sentence Instead of shooting him for spying. as they could have done if he frankly admitted what he had done.

During the trial the Russians deliberately handled him like a mechanical man who had been merely carrjdng out orders. Soviet authorities made it clear

Her card said Congratulations on your birthday, and added in rhyme; There are many delights, great and small, but the best in life is to share it all.

That Is so typical of Mama I didnt know whether to chuckle or cry. Whenever she gives one of her offspring a pat on the back, she also tosses in a

bit of wholesome advice, figuring it wont do Ms immortal soul any permanent harm. Some firm lost a great personneLexe-cutive when Mama turned from the world of business to the business of washing diapers and wiping runny noses.

There are some who might regard being 51 as a major disaster, but no birthday can be totally dismal to a man so long as the woman who gave him life can share that milestone with him, even though she be half a continent away.

This alone, though all the rest of his world were gray, should be enough to stir a boundless gratitude In his heart. No man ever walks companlonless while his mother lives.

Actually, however, I find a great deal to be cheerful about at 51, and life Is looking up.

Other Editors Saying... Home Of The Brave

(Richmond News Leader) Virginias own Representative Joel T. Broyhill is manning the battle stations again to convince Congress it should enact an official version of the Star-Spangled Banner.

When Francis Scott Key wrote the anthem during bombardment of Ft. McHenry in 1814, the only paper he had handy was the back of an envelope an unusually fertile stimulus to patriotic writings t. which he later discarded. Key neglected to copyright his words the music is a London drinking song but more than 200 patriots have rectified his oversight since then, each with slight variants of words, spelling, and notation, when the Congress chose a national anthem in 1931, it neatly side-stepped the whole Issue by designating simply the composition known as *The Star-Spangled Banner.'

Since then Americans have been content if they hear a reasonable facsimile thereof.

Mr. Broyhill set out to bring some order into this situation In 1955. It seemed a simple thing at the time. He offered Congress a set of W'ords and music, the first time that solemn assembly had ever been presented with a bill containing print-

their main purpose was con-* musical notes. Wouldnt ev-

vlctlng the United States before world opinion.

Before anyone starts condemning Powers for not being a tight-lipped hero who should have killed himself or kept silent at his trial, he might ask himself; what would I have done in Powers place?

Some men bend more easily under pressure than others. Some are extraordinary in resistance to it. Theres nothing in Powers known record to suggest he was ever extraordinary In anything, from school on up. '

ery patriotic citizen like to see the national anthem given the same careful attention that In other years had defined the Great Seal, the national motto, and even the Flag Itself which

in the 1775 version inspired the song?

Alas, the wrath of professional patriots descended upon a stunned Mr. Broyhill. He was trying to tamper with the American Heritage He had taken his version from a manuscript prepared by Key late in life, which probably differed from the pirated editions, In several small particulars. Mr. Broyhill gamely tried again in 1958, with a simple melody line and amended lyrics, but met the same fate.

The gentleman was moved to try a tMrd time when he learned that the U.S. Army Band had solved the problem tor itself by working with the version he had proposed In 1958, So this time he has arranged for the Band to play a concert perfoiTTiance In Constitution Hall, and has invited representatives of no fewer than 38 patriotic and musical organizations to be on hand.

For the life of us, we cant see why there cant be accord on something that appeals so strongly to common sense as a standard national anthem. The Banner isnt the most practical song for a national anthem: we ourselves have had a wistful twinge of regret when the trumpets left us to go on up to the rockets red glare. But the entire composition Is beautiful and stirring, and bears the testimony of history. To the pa-tiotic societies we would say, please, ladies and gentlemen, the war Is over.

Some months ago a Harvard professor pointed out that the Frantic Fifties were perilous years for many men troubled by 'frustration, disappointed dreams, hectic living and the fear of advancing age.

Much as I hate to disagree wdth anyone from Harvard, I think more men go into a spiritual nosedive at 40 than at 50. Women do, too, even though they get a few years of grace as they dont usually turn 40 publicly until privately theyve reached 45,

A person at 40 is often a middleaged adolescent, feeling aa lost and lonely as a rebellious teenager, a stranger in a suddenly strange world.

But at 50 a second dawn comes. One who escapes the black tunnel of the forties is like a prisoner released from a 10-year solitary confinement. When I turned 50, I felt bom anew. I wanted to throw my hat in the air like a schoolboyand would have, except that at 50 you arent supposed to do things like that.

Being 51 Is even better. But, of course, there are limits to the joy.

There are times, as you get deeper into middle age. when the days crawl by on crutches and the years whiz by on wheels. Thats one of the tricks time plays on you.

Opinions

Brief,

People have stopped worrying about how to spend the money theyve earned. Now theyre worrying about how to earn the money theyve spent., Greenville (S.C.) Piedmont.

When our large cities have perfect commuter service and the common cold has been Wiped out, whats a fellow going to use as an excuse for being late to work.Vancouver (B.C.) Province.

One of the first things a child learns when he gets a drum is that he isnt ever gonna get another one. Carlsbad Current-Argus.

How come the television hero can always find a parking space in front of the bank, the supermarket and the post office? Carlsbad Current-Argus.

Newer

figures

DDear

By GEORGE E. SOKOLSKY CopyrlgM, 1962, King Features fljMdlCate, Inc.

I receiva many letters asking w'hy 1 have turned on what may be called the Rightist Extremists. Many of my old friends feel that I have deserted them. And now Bill Buckley end J. Edgar Hoover have stepped forward to speak against them.

What We are all talking about are the very new anti-Commu-nllt Movements, such as the John Birch Society, the efforts of Of. Fred Schwarz and many others who have suddenly emerged as protagonists of Rightiam. It takes a little courage and even anger to speak roughly of those who fight in a (M>mmon caUse.

I have been In opposition to the Communist Movement for nearly half a century. During that period a vast literature has passed before me and I have read most of H. t have known the activists in the Communist Movement since 1917; I have attended many of the formative and constituent assemblies: 1 observed the Revolution in Russia, Siberia, China, Japan and the United States and, having lived to a good age, have reached certain moral (xmcluslons about It.

This is not biographical boasting. It Is a statement of fact of what it takes to know what is going on. It does not necessarily mean that one Understands what one sees and reads; but the opportunity for teaching a conclusion was available to me under exceptionally satisfactory conditions.

Of course, we old-tlmerl will, in due course, die and our places will be taken by youngsters. The researchers will write about a world totally unknown to them with what they will to-gard as objectivity, as one today writes about Julius Caesar or Theodorlc. When, for instance. I write of Sun Yat-sen,

1 write of a man with whom I spent several hundred afternoons sipping tea and gossiping of the important and the trivial: a century from now no one will be able to write of him with such intimacy because no one will be alive to tell such a tale.

The new-comer w'ho devotes himself to research, at any rate, attempts to discover the truth; but the new-comer who becomes an advocate may be a.devotee like St. Francis or a charlatan like Torquemada or a money collector who .used a faith to enrich his coffers. All ages have known such and we must be tolerant in understanding each kind of person who projects himself before us. Talleyrand at this distance, saved France and it may be that a century hence we shall look up(m De GatriR as the equivalent of Joan of Arc.

The anti-Communist Movement has been invaded by two distinct groups:

1. *1116 thieves who move in on any movement to enrich themselves. Tlwy are the opportunists who' find a way of living on other mens enthusiasms and fears. Every movement has been plagued by them.

2. The honest convert to an ideal who does not understand the ideal, and does not take the trouble to discover what it means. Every religion has known the excessively pious who, permitting piety to run rampant, turns love into hate and forgets that moderation is the essence of intelligence. In the end. such good people pervert everything they touch and the flowers of faith die on the vine before them.

The first movement soon exposes itself as the thief leaves his mark by fingerprints. The second Is more subtle because it is essentially honest. Its ignorance sounds reasonable and its argument palpable.

Thus one turns on the opponent and asks, how can you doubt 80 good a man? How indeed? Except that goodness need not mean truth; it may only mean the willingness to find truth.

(Communism is essentially an evil because it is anti-moral. It denies the existence of God and of moral law. It reduces man to a thing which exists only because Its environment permits It to exist. It denies the doctrine of Natural Law which lifts man from the biological abyss (Continued on Page 6)

Shorter Work Weeks Imoact

Strength For Today

By EARL L. DOUGLASS BE'TTER, OR JUST DIFFERENT?

A few days ago I had the

privilege of examining one of the few surviving copies of the first English Bible translated by John Wycllffe in 1378. I asked the .specialist who was in charge of this precious volume to read me a familiar pa.s.sage. He did, and while I was able to follow the meaning, certainly the language was different from anything we know today.

le we went back to the eighteenth century we should no doubt find much of the ordinary conversation of our fellow countrymen rather hard to under-, stand. Go back six hundred years to the days of Wycliffe and we probably would hardly be able to understand more than a word or two out of each sentence which our English-

speaking friends uttered.

There has been an unbelievable change and growth in language from ancient days to the present. There has been a great difference in the way people live. On the whole, the world is better. Certainly it, is more comfortable. Also we aspire to better things.

Wycliffe was hated in his day. Later generations dug up his body and cast his ashes upon the flowing current of a nearby river. William Tyndaie was strangled and burned at the stake for translating the New Testament. Yet In the twentieth century arc we any better? We are building .shelters and talking about m'eapon.s which may blast whole civilizations off the planet.

Where Is our culture and leanilng leading us? Are we really better than the anctents or just different?

By ELMER ROESSNER The shorter work week, urged as a means of relieving unemployment caused by automation, may create more ills than it cures. And it may make government employment statistics less meaningful than they are today.

It will spread moonlighting the holding of more than one job by one man. And this practice may actually increase rather than diminish the number of unemployed.

New York construction electricians recently won a five-hour day with a sixth hour at overtime rates, tvhlch figures out to six and one-half hours pay for six hours work. Many of these electricians hold second Jobs and more are said to opersOe electric shops, appliance stores and the like. WANTED MORE MONEY

In their hone.sty, the electricians did not pretend that a shorter week was neceiisary to relieve unemployment. They are fully employed; in fact, one of the terms of their settlement wa.s a promise to let more apprentices Into the union. Nevertheless, the shorter work week down from seven hours work

for seven and one-half hours paysimply Increases the opportunities of members to hold second jobs.

Even more recently, union workers at Macys, New York, announced that they would demand that members not be required to work more than one night a week.

Union stewards were frank in their reasons: members didnt want to lose opportunities to moonlight. The union president announced he would seek a law to prevent all night openings department stores.

Presumably the law would not affect neighborhood shops, bowling alleys, taxi operations and other places where department store employees might find second post-sunset jobs. WHERE DOES COUNT BEGIN?

The average Industrial weeks now about 40 hours. Many' skills and trades enjoy a 3.5-hour woek. With advances in automation, a 30-hour week seems reasonably certain in the next decade or two.

It also seems certain that many of the.se on the 80-hour week will be holding two jobs. The human body can stand 60

hours of work a week; in fact, it has done it for more than 20 centuries.

Figures at the end of last year showed there were 70.6 million persons in the labor force, with f6.5 million employed and 4,1 million unemployed.

If the 30-hour week became

general and moonlighthig became popular, the statisUcs would be puzzling indeed. Suppose that when the 30-hour week arrives there are 75 million in the labor force; that 25 million work on one job; 25 million work on two, and 25 million more^ are unemployed. That would mean 75 millioh in the work force. 75 million jobs and still one-third of the people unemployed.

ONLY ONE SOLUTION

A still shorter work week would not be the answer*. That would mean more moonlighting and hence more unemployment. II

The only answer in sight would appear to be restrictions on the number of Jobs a man could have.

Thats not as fanciful as it may tscem. In the next few years yoa will see tentative ef-

foi*ts to write one-man-to-a-Job laws. Curiously, while such proposals will probably originate with unions, employers will support them. Most of them dont want workers punching in weary from six hours work in somebody ehses shop.

HOW TO REDUCE TAXES ON SWEEPSTAKES WINNING

Do you have an Irish Swecph states ticket? If not, the elevator man in your office building can probably get one for you. But if you do. Prcntice-Hall, a respected tax service, advises you to make a written assignment of shares in ybiifv, ticket to children and other kin you want to share In your winnings. (If you win, youll have to share anyhow, families being what they are.) Deliver the assignments before the drawing.

Prentice-Hall points out that if you have an Income of $30.-000 a yeai^, a prize of $140,000 would be worth only $40,620 after taxes. But if you assigned 25 per cent of the ticket to each of three children, the wholCv family keeps $73,780, or $33,150 more than if you owned the ticket solo.