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Thursday, January 25, 1962

Itittl Fuss Made Over Spy Pilot

Throw Out the Life Buoy!

It is baffling, parhaps, that the latest spy-plane incident involving a Bulgarian pilot and his spy lUfhts over NATO bases in Italy has not created an international furor in the same propprtion as the similar incident involving the United States' and Russia in JBday 1960. . ^

establishment . . . not just the defenses of Italy.

If the communist bloc has been using spy-planes to gather information on the NATO bases in NATO bases in Italy, there is no reason to believe they have not attempted similar methods against NATO bases located in other countries.

' Much more is involved that the violation of Italian air space. In the final analysis the military security of every member of the Western alliance is directly involved itT^he incident.

One reason might be that neither of the major powers of East and West are involved in the incident between Bulgaria and Italy. There can be no doubt that the espionage flight orders were cut in the Kremlin even though they were carried out by a Bulgarian pilot in his Bulgarian plane. Neither j J

is there any doubt that spying on NATO bases in JWlOr JJ0CL1CQLl6C|

Europe by the communists is just as direct a threat to the security of the other free world nations as it is to Italy.

It is somewhat disappointing, therefore, that the United States and other members of the Western alliance have remained relatively silent about this spy-plane operation of the communists. Granting t matter of what to do with the pilot is in the hands of the Italian government, it is a matter of the utmost interest to all of the NATO nations because it was an act against their collective military

;^ard-Working C8cD Session

By LYNN NKBET

C. & D. The Conrvation and Development department held Its winter ciwnvention at Point Monday and Tuesday. The term convenUon Is used because with 28 board members, plus four or five departmental administrative of-hoa. seven division heads, all with wives or husbands and staff workers, the attendance list of a CiiD mcet-tng now runs to around 100.

Although High Point did its usual fine Job of entertaining the visitors, this was one of the hardest working sesslcms in a Icmg time. The policy adopted by Governor Sanford as chairman when he had the board enlarged from 18 to 28 members was to assign each member to only one committee. This afforded better opportunity to ttoroughly explore Issues and questions. There were no conflicts In committee meeting tbncs. no members sitting idly about because their particular eommlttee was not In session.

POLICY Opportunity was found during the routine reports of division heads at the opening session for re-statement of two basic matters of policy of the (tepartmcnt. Charles Parker, chief of the advertising division, noted how reports of other parts of the far-flung agency illustrated unity of efforts and common objective. That gave Governor Sanford an opening to restate his ow>05lti(Hi to the once-made proposal for splitting up the C&D department Into two or more dtepartments. The Governor said he had once thought favorably of that idea, but a year's experience has convinced him that the needs of the State can beat be served by a single agency, with distributed responsibility for spedllc purposes.

JOBSBoard Member Eric Rodteera raised the question, evidently for the purpose of getting the matter clarified, of variance In new lob flgurea Is-aued by the commerce and Industry division and actual employment figures reported by the Labor department. He noted that new jobs credited too new and eqmnded Industry were estimated at some 35.000 last year, while the labor reports showed only about 11,000 more people in non-farm work. -, This matter has bothered miay people, who have sought some rectmcillatlon of tte figures. Governor Sanford, supported by William R. Henderson, commerce-lndustry chief, said there is no real inconsistency. The two agencies are talking about different things. The new job prospects are compiled from statements

made by responsible spokesmen for the firms. These reports are accepted in good faith as representing the Job potential of the enterprise. They do not mean, and it has never been suggested, that the full number of employees went to work during the year.

The labor statistics are compiled from official reports filed by employers and deal almost' entirely with insured workers those covered by workmens compensation and unemployment insurance. A number of workers in small units are not covered. However, these are not counted in the commerce - industry prospects either.

Li both tabulations the North Carolina agencies are following rules established by the tJ. S. departments of commerce and labor, and commonly used throughout the country. It appears that confusion in the public mind stems more from careless reading than from inaccurate listings. The fact that a new company announces prospects for 1,000 new jobs means just tht-^and not that 1,000 people have been added to payrolls this year.

The C&D department does not attempt to maintain employment records in transportation and other activities outside its scope of interest. Nor does it keep up with manufacturing employees who for any reason lose jobs during the year. The labor statistics do include these items.

INCOMPLETE-There Is no central complete listing of all employment statistics. C&D lists prospects of new jobs. Labor lists all workers covered by wage-hour regulationsand estimates the rest. Employment security deals with firms employing five or more persons. Each government agency operates in its particular field. Comparing the figures of one unit with those of another is very much like comparing figs and cocoanuts. There appears no reason to question the accuracy of the count of either the figs or the nutsnor any possibility of coordinating the statistics Into a simple answer for fairly reasonable questions about the actual situation in the employment field.

ALPHONSE & GASTON Oehrman Holland, fisheries commissioner, from long habit addressed the presiding officer at the C&D board meeting as ly recovered, but the chairman did not forget. As Holland was leaving the rostrum a few minutes later Governor Sanford said: "Thank you, Harold

Makepeace. ....

The Da3y Reflector

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mxmbek associated press

The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to use for publi> cation all news dispatches credited'to it or not otherwise credited to this paper and also the local news published herein. All rights of publication of special dispatches here art also reserved.

Offical Stepping Out

Yesterdays announcement by veteran Sheriff Ruel W. Tyson that he will not seek re-election to the post this year means that at the end of this year another dedicated public official of long standing in this county will move back into the realm of private life.

During the almost 19 years he has been sheriff of Pitt County, Ruel Tyson has afforded the county a constantly improving calibre of law enforcement.

Under his direction the Sheriffs department has not only increased in size, but modem techniques of investigation and crime prevention, along with other phases of law enforcement, have been followed in the department.

The sheriffs department has operated efficiently under his direction and while its cost of operations have increased over the years as the county has grown in population, it has afforded the people of the county a calibre of law enforcement considerably above that of most of the counties of North Carolina.

In his capacity as the countys chief law enforcement officer, Ruel Tyson has rendered commendable service to the people, of Pitt.

SuDervision O::

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By ALVIN TAYLOE

The Burned ShoDlifter

NATIONAL ADVERTISING REPRESENTATIVES Thomat F. Clark Co., Inc.. New York. Chicago, Atlanta. Member Audit Bureau of Circulation

AU advartiaing copy muat be received at least ohe day before publipatkm data.

By JAMES MARLOW

WASHINGTON (APi - This week Robert A. Lovett, defense secretary under President Truman, said he feels that as a government we talk too much and give the Impression of being unbuttoned.

He told this to a Senate subcommittee which began hearings Tuesday on whether military men are permitted to talk enough. The hearings will go on for weeks, probably get overheated. and will take three directions:

(1) Censorship of speeches by military officers before civilian groups; (2) teaching or educating troops about communism, and 3) participation by military men in seminars and public meetings.

All three questions come down to this: How much freedom shall military officers have to speak on matters not directly connected with their military duties.

President Kennedys administration like President Eisenhower's before ithas a policy which insists speeches military or other government officials give on national security matters be in line with White House views and the American foreign policy.

The investigation is the result of charges by Sen. Strom Thurmond, a major general in the Army Reserve and a South Carolina Democrat, that the Pentagon "muzzled antl-Com-munist talks by military men.

He said the muzzling was done on orders "direct from Moscow. He wouldnt elaborate on that one.

Two former high-ranking officers are most frequently mentioned in discussion of this case: Adm. Arleigh Burke, former chief of naval operations, and MaJ. Gen. Edwin A. Walker, former commander of the 24th Army Division in West Germany.

When Kennedy took office last year Moscow decided to release two American fliers held prisoners for 18 months after their plane had been shot down in the, Barents Sea off northern Russia.

The Kennedy administration and Moscow ctmsulted in some form on this release because on Jan. 25 Kennedy and the Russians issued simultaneous statements on it. That was five days after Kennery took office.

About that time a speech by Burke was censored. Kenne

dy explained later that no one In this country knew at the time whether the fliers would released.

The^ President said: "Therefore, There is some value in coordinating statements made by high-ranking responsible officials. It Is the policy which must be followed by this administration.

Walkers case was different. He lectured his troops In Germany on anti-communism and a publication. Overseas Weekly, said he also described "as definitely pink Truman, Dean Acheson, former Secretary of State, and others.

The Army Investigated and reprimanded him, according to Army Secretary Elvis J. Stahr Jr., "for taking injudicious actions and making derogatory' statements about prominent Americans.

The Army record showed he refused to answertaking the equivalent of the 5th Amend-ment--when asked if he acted contrary to military regulations by advising his men on American political matters.

Walker, relieved of his command, quit the Army, began making speeches, and last week announced he has become the symbol of patriotism for this country.

Thurmond said later he didnt know all the facts In the case but still didnt think Walker should have been bounced. At the same time he said officers should stay out of partisan politics.

Everybody seems agreed that military men must be subordinate to the civilian leaders of the government. The dispute is over how much they should be allowed to say.

General Elsenhower Issued a long statement Tuesday which went around and around but did say "let our informed military speak, always under properly established policies and the generalnot pettysupervision of their civilian superiors.

But, since its this very degree of super\'islon which is under Investigation, Elsenhower didnt solve anything.

Kennedy said last year he knows of 65 efforts by Eisenhowers administration "to make sure that speeches by members of the military were in accordance with the general objectives of American foreign policy."

All store owners w^ho have stood helplessly by w'hile shoplifters walked out with concealed merchandise will cheer Frank Diener.

Prank, as you might know, Is the smiling proprietor of Peoples Bakery. As with every retail business he has troubles with the shoplifters, that peculiar band of thiefs who snitches, merchandise, crams it in a handbag or under a coat and calmly walks out.

The shoplifters know that the store manager will think twice before he accosts the filchers because he has to be certain that the merchandise was indeed stolen.

Frank recalls one time he had over 20 candied apples In a pan sitting at the front of his store during an evening rush hour. When the crowd diminished there wasnt a one left and Frank hadnt rung up a single sale for candied ap

ples.

But thats another story. The reason store keepers will be cheering Prank is a more recent occurence.

Frank took a big pan of tempting, luscious, tantalizing and piping hotindividual apple pies from the oven one day. He sat the steaming items on a front counter.

Frank ducked into the back for,a moment and by chance he saw a boy w^alk in the door, grab up one of the pies and stuff it in his "shirt.

Prank rushed back out front. But, did he grab the boy by the collar and haul him off to police headquarters? Nope.

He smiled his politest smile and offered to help the youngster.

"How about some nice

buns, he offered.

Public

.rorum Ooinions

To The Editor:

The Urban and Public Housing Program has caused much suffering in our community.

Most of the homes were and are owned by elderly people whose lifes work has been to prepare a place called "home. A place to live, rear children, be a citizen, accumulate whatever we could before retirement, so that contentment, security and pleasant memories of a well spent life could crown our declining years.

Our aims, our lifes work have been shattered. What is our fate? Where are we heading? Is there a goal? Only a God who understands.

Many of the home owners of the area have passed away since the first meeting of the Urban Renewal Promoters.

Heart attacks, strokes and nervoUs breakdownsWhat has worry, strain, tension and fears caused?

Those of us who love our homes and would so like to keep them, we quote

We wear the mask that grins and lies,

It hides our cheeks and shades our eyes.

This debt we pay to human gUe.

With torn and bleeding hearts we smile.

And mouth with myriad subletles,

Why should the world be overw'ise,

In counting all our tears and sighs?

Nay let them only see us while

We wear the mask.

We smile but O great Christ our cries

To thee from tortured souls arise

We sing, but Oh the clay

is vile

Beneath our feet and long the mile;

We wear the mask.

Quite often we hear the

words

"Do not hinder progress What is progress?

Does it mean, I profit if I can make you lose?

I will reach heights, by keeping you down.

Ill block your path that I may win?

And I put God In the background of my mind.

That I may not feel remorse?

Is this progress? If so, Who wants it?

May we go on sitting back As our pulse is growing slack

And our breath begins to wheeze liike a little valley breeze, Kind of nice to get around On the old familiar ground Knowing that when death does come

That hell find us right at home.

(Mrs.) Selena S. Lang

in

"Community colleges are viewed almost universally now as an alternate route to higher education for a booming college population that cant be accommodated by the existing system of dormitory institutions. The Charlotte News.

Our shoplifter gave a pained look and replied that he didnt believe he cared for them.

"Wait, insisted Frank as the boy edged toward the door. Our doughnuts are good today.

The boy twisted and squirmed and beads of sweat popped out upon his brow. "No sir, he answered and side-stepped in the direction of the exit.

Well, take a look at our apple pies, Prank said with the air of the genius who had created them.

Perspiration was pouring off the boy by this time. He clawed at his shirt front and bolted for the door leaving Prank minus one pie but in stitches.

Frank is taking bets that at least one jar of bum ointment was shoplifted in Greenville that night.

"We have a huge lead on Russia, our cold war enemy, and it is a lead that will be maintained. Specifically, Soviet goals aim at a per capita production of 3,000 kilowatt hours in 1970. We expect to reach a per capita production of 7,500 in that year. Industrial News Review.

"Walking n<jt only aids in developing a sound body but also acts as a tranquilizer on the mind. The frenzy of traffic when driving prevents us from being distracted, but when we put on our walking shoes life seems to drop back into slow-motion. Jacksonville (Fla.) Times-Union.

"Sometimes a man will guess right, and then be proud 6f his judgment the rest of his life. Anderson (S.C.) Independent.

. Dogma p Versus Dogma

By GEORGE E. SOKOLSKY Copyright. 1962, King Features Ssmdicate, Inc.

The Communists are masters at creating words and phrases which mean specific Ideas to them but which convey few Ideas to those who do not belong to them. The new phrase If "pro-Albanians.

Actually nobody Is a Pro-Albanian. In fact, few of us have ever heard of the country or can Identify it on a map. Nevertheless. a party has developed called "pro-Albanians and if anyone belongs to such a group he is condemned by the Communist Party to the degree of expulsion and excommunication. To be "Pro-Alban-lan Is to be as bad if not worse than to be a Trotzky-1st, when Stalin was the Boss.

The Trotskyists believe in the permanent revolution whereas Stalin believed in permanent war. Stalin wanted no more revolutions because he had established the "cult of personality, which In simple langfiage meant the dictatorship. Whereas Karl Marx favored the dictatorship of the proletariat, Stalin simplified the matter by the "cult of personality, which meant a dictatorship by him alone.

Khrushchev regarded the "cult of personality as a deep evU. He believes In competitive co-existence, which

means that Soviet Russia and Its allies will struggle against the rest of the world by its ability to out-produce them and to organize better than they have. Whereas Stalin used war as a means to extend the Russian empire, Khrushchev

has employed every capitalist and Communist device to build power.

The Pro-Albanlans are Pro-Red-Chinese and the Red C!hl-nese are orthodox Leninists who are opposed to Khrushchev.

It is Important for Americans to understand these differences because they affect

us. Out of them may develop a great war in which we may become involved. It is easy to say that all Communists are alike. Actually, all Communists these days are not alike and as we need to form policy, it is necessary for us to understand varieties and differences and how we are to be affected by them. It Is baby-talk to assume that we are living in the 1930s when we are actually living in the 1%0s.

Stalin at Yalta was a horse-trader: Khrushchev today does not need to horse-trade because he possesses the same lethal weapons that we possess. Mao Tze-tung, so far as we know, does not possess the missile or the bomb, but he can pour between 500,000,0(X) and 600,000,00 Chinese Into Siberia and Turkeston and make Khrushchevs political life untenable. The danger of sending a large body of Chinese who believe in the permanent revolution into Russian territory can be very great.

American Communists are not too concerned about the political struggle In the United States, The party has gone underground where it engages in espionage. Those who are above-ground devote themselves to a defense of Khrushchev and 1S policies against the Pro-Albanians. The American Party may proclaim Itself as pro-American as the party line was in the Roosevelt Administration because Khrushchevs fight within the Soviet Universal State will be concentrated ^ on the' Pi*o-Albanians within the Communist World.

Khrushchevs problems are so serious that there is no telling what he will do to save himself. One of his steps undoubtedly will be to cement his relations with all European C^ommunists, even Tito, whose national Communism weakens the concept of a Soviet Universal State. Tito has developed the idea of national socialism which could make Com^ munist countries an alliance but not a union; a free alliance but not a universal state. On the other hand, Russian economy has advanced to the point where It becomes a competitor of the Western Markets In the European economic world which could make Russia a part of the Common (Oontinued on Page 5)

Budget Depends On Prosperity

Strength For Today

By EARL L. DOUGLASS WALLS

The experience of imprisonment Is undoubtedly a ghastly experience for those who have to endure it. Many people, however, build prison walls about themselves. With the great wide world to enjoy, they build off a little area and live glo(;m-lly within prison walls of their own building.

There are some people whose Ideas are so set that nothing in the world can change them. They know the people they like and the people for whom ihey have no use. They claim that a certain phiio.sophy is sound and that anything other than that is not only mistaken but vicious. Some people can truly be said to have in old age riie same prejudices they had In youth, to hang on desperately

to fueds, to remember grudges until they bum a hole ui the mind. Such people have built a wall about their minds. Reason and enlightenment can find no entrance.

The recluse -- that mistaken Individual who withdraws from the stream of life and Uves in self-imposed loneliness Is a pathetic figure. He builds about himself a wall which keeps out all social contacts. But let us never forget that many a back-slapper has high walls of prejudice about him separating him from life as completely as do those walls behind which the recluse- has taken refuge.

We live in an expansive world a land of no hoilzons. Let us be done with self-imposed prison walls which in folly, ignorance. prejudice, or hate we can build about ourselves.

By ELMER ROESSNER

The precarious balance of the new Kennedy budget depends to a tremendous extent on the continuation of the current rise in prosperity.

The economy is moved today by something less than a boom. However, there are prospects that It will assume boom proportions later this year, especially if a steel strike is averted.

The new budget is for the fiscal year that starts July 1, 1962 and ends June 30, 1963. Therefore, to produce the revenues needed for the $92.5 billion budget, business will have to keep perking until mid-1963.

The budget is based on calculations that corporate profits will rise this calendar year to $56.5 billion, an increase of $10.5 bUlion over 1961.

SUPPORT FOR STO(K PRICES

Observers have been puzzled by the price of many stocks in relation to their earnings. While savings banks are paying 4 per cent, and savings and loan associations up to 4.6 per bent, yi^lids of popular

stocks have been much less, with many substantial corporations paying less than 3 per cent to shareholders. At the same time, banks and savings associations have been getting little play, while the public has been lotting its chips on stocks.

If corporate profits are to rise almost 18 per cent, the little peopleand the Administrationmust know what its going on.

Th Administration also indicated 'that the gross national productthe total value of all goods and services produced In the countrywould reach almost $570 billion, about $50 billion more than at the end of 1961. Personal Income, It said, will rise to $448 billion from $417 billion last year. WHAT IF DAM BREAKS?

'These will be substantial gains and. to keep the budget in balance, they will have to continue at the same rate of increase at least through the first half of 19<>3.

But what if there Is a steel .strike, that can dampen all business, from tliat of General Motors down to the comer poppa and momma store?

What if consumers are chilled? What if some other unforeseen situation punctures the boom? Or what if we Just keep on as we are today, muddling along, making a buck here and a buck there, staying prosperous without ever getting the boom balloon into orbit?

Then. It is certain, the government will pile up another big deficit, as it has during most of the last Republican as well as Democratic fiscal years, and it will be forced to inflate the currency once more and, as has been said before, some day hot >dogS will cost a dollar.

BUDGETARY AID

Meanwhile, slowly, another factor Is working toward balancing the budget. As inflation increases wages as well as prices, more and more low-income families move into the Federal income tax bracket, and more and more low-brack-et earners move ^ into higher brackets.

Thus inflation reaches down and brings increasing amounts into the. Treasury. Prentlce-Hall reports that the per capita disposable income in the Unit

ed States in 1961 was $1,995 and estimates the 1962 per capita may be as high as $2,095. That will hoist many families higher on the income-tax ladder.

MORE OBSERVATIONS ON THE 5-HOUR DAY

As other unions follow that of the New York construction electricians, who won a 5-hour day plus a sixth hour at overtime, there will be a great rise In moonlighting. Thus, the cutting of hours will simply free more men to seek second jobs. Many electricians with short days now own electrical, television or appliance stores and many work on second Jobs as Journeymen or sub-contractors.

Note: The New York electricians have agreed to increase the number apprentices by 1,000 a year. This may forestall the four-hour day, but it 'H1 not relieve the present pressure on building costs in New York.

Question: Can Americans on a 30-hour week, including six hours on overtime, catch up with Russians on 48-bour weeksi* \