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Tusday, January 1, 1962

Unemployment Rmoins With Us

Were Dividing The Communists

For all it economic progress' and the creation the state. Also surprising was the fact that the rate of new jobs ^rough industrial expansion during the of unemployment in North Carolina during 1961 past year, figures on the average jobless benefit ran slightly higher than was th case the year be-claims filed across the state show that North Caro- fore. ,

lina still has much to do to eliminate its uiiemploy- The increase in the claims for jobless benefits ment problem. came in a year when North Carolina set a new

It probably came as a surprise to most North ww'wncwned

Carolinians to learn that claims for unemployment .iJlfested in new plants

benefits in the state last year averaged 46,000 per eek and a total of $46^ million dollars in unemployment benefits were paid to jobless people in

jinmo Up ;lhe

JL

! district Races

By LVNN NISBET

CONGRESS Word from the first congressional district is that Walter Jones of Pitt county, who ran against Rep. Herbert Bonner two years and was ex- pected to make another try, has been scouting the area lately and probAbly will make the race. alth<mgh it does not appear quite as certain now as it did a few months ago.

Prom the seventh district comes word that Judge Heman Clark of Cumberland has also about decided not to challenge Rep. Alton Lennon. Another one-time threat to Lin<m, Ed Clark of Bladen, has been appointed to the superior court bench.

^ In the fifth district there seems less assurance now that prevailed a few weeks ago that Bill Wood, Forsyth legislator, waild'try to unseat Congress Ralph Scott. He has not made up his mind but does n<rt seem as interested now as he did.

On the other side of the picture Ume increases prospects that Jimmy Simpkins oi New Bern will try to unseat Rep. David Henderson In the third district. Simpkins ran against Graham A Bsirden for the third dhdrict seat in 1956, droimed out in 1958 to come to the State Senate, and tried again in 1960 for the cragressional post w'hich Barden was relinquishing. He ran second in a field of five, and pushed Henderse in the run-off.

The eighth district is more eompllcated because the new district has two incumbent ccmgressmen Paul Kltchin, Democrat, third time representative of the former eight dis-blct; and Charles R. Jonas. Republican, coming over from the (dd tenth district. Kltchin has announced his candidacy. Jonas has not fully decided whether to run or not, bqt John P. Kennedy. Mecklenburg legislator, has virtually announced opposition to Kitchin in the primary. STATUS The

son. Johnst(m, Nash, Randolph and Wake. This district lost Franklin and Vance to the sec-(md, gained Davidson from the old eighth. Incumbent Harold D. Cooley of Nash is in no trouble. Dean of the North Carolina delegati<m and long time chairman of the agriculture committee, he is not expected to have opposltimi in the primary and the Republican vote in Novem-bcrteiK* a serious threat.

FIFTH Caswell. F^rsj-th, Granville, Person, Rockingham. Stokes, Surry and Wilkes. Wilkes Was added from the old eighth. Incumbent Ralph Scott of Stokes may have to defend his seat against BUI Wood of Forsyth, but odds favor his winning in May and November.

SIXTH Alamance, Durham, Guilford and Orange. No change. Incumbent Horace Kor-negay of GuUford not expected to have primary opposition, although there is some chance of It. November may be close.

SEVEINTH Bladen. Brunswick, Columbus, Cumberland, Hoke, New Hanover, Robeson and Sctrtland. This district lost Harnett to the new third, but added Hoke and Scc^land from theold eighth. Incumbent Alton Lennon of New Hanover apparently safe.

EIGHTH Anson, Lee, Lincoln, Mecklenburg, Montgomery, Moore, Richmond and Union. This district was the chief victim of gerry-mandering so far as geography is concerned. Politically, one or two other dis-ti JS may have been equally victimized. The new eighth district has Lincoln and Mecklenburg added. whUe it lost Davidson. Davie, Hoke, Scotland. Wilkes and Yadkin. It has two incumbent congressmen. Jonas of Lincoln and Kitchin of Anson. Hotly contested primary and general election campaigns expected.

and plant expan.rion prograiftMand a total of 35,000 new jobs created in the state tnrough this expansion.

Without the industrial expansion and the resulting new jobs, tK number of unemployment claims filed in the stalf obviously would have been higher. Even with the 55,000 new jobs, however, it is still obvious that North Carolina still needs additional jobs to take up the present employment slack as well as to provide jobs for the additional young people who seek permanent employment for the first time.

In North Carolinaas in the nation as a whole -seasonal changes in operations, the elimination of

old jobs as new ones are created, constant changes in the economic picture mean that at any given mortlent there will be some unemployed persons actively seeking employment. In North Carolina, too, there has probably developed w^hat the national experts have come to call the hard core of permanently unemployed people. These things mean, of course, that even with full -employment there would still be unemployed and jobless persons in the state.

With its vast resources of workers, the* great

transition of people from the* farms into the cities

and towns in recent years, North Carolina has the population potential for filling many more jobs than it now has available on a year-round basis.

The fact that claims for jobless benefits averaged 46,000 weekly in the state during the past year is shocking enough; but to be realistic the state must realize this figure reflected only a portion of those who were not gainfully employed and ^ m -

who were seeking employment. In addition to those By PATRICIA MOORE

\vho made claims for benefits there were others who

had exhausted their benefits under the employment _ ^ \ /Tl \ m -i 4-t t

security or for some other reason failed to make IJllCjIl V llC V Jv I I

claims for compensation. X J-J. X VXXXXV>L XkJ y

It behooves each county and community of the Looking through material we state to examine its own unemployment situation and have accumulated on our Uttle seek a solution to the problems which face its jobless desk-cubbyhole. we came upon people.

New House Speaker May Face Challenges

some facts about mental illness; you hear them all the time, but what an impression re-reading makes.

For instance, half the cases a physician (general practitioner) sees are involved in a mental or emotional disorder. The same is true for one out of three hospital patients.

One in every 10 Americans is suffering from a mental or

bents apparently have lltUe to worry about right nowso far as the primary Is concerned. Several of them recognize serious threat from Republican opposition in November. The status of the districts is about like this;

FIRSTComprising Beaufort, Bertie. Camden, Currituck. Dare, Gates, Hertford. Hyde, Martin, Pasqiuotank, Perquimans. Pitt, Tyrrell and Washlng-tai. Sitting representative Herbert Btmner of Beaufort county, with serious opposition unlikely either in May or November. Bertie was added to this district from the old second.

SECOND-Edgecombe. Prank-Bn, Greene. Halifax, Lenoir, Northampton. Vance, Warren and Wilson. In the redistiictlng shuffle this district lost Bertie to the first, gained Franklin and Vance from tlw old fourth. Imeumbent congressman. L. H. Fountain of Edgecombe, No opposition In sight for primary or general electiim.

THIRD Carteret. Craven, Duplin. Harnett, Jones, Onslow, Pamlico, Pender, Sampson and Wayne. Only change here la addition of Harnett from the old seventh district. Incumbent congressman David Henderson threatened by Jimmy Simpkins of Qraven.

FOURTHChatham, Davld-

With Congress getting back to routine business after its first week of the new session, there is reason for speculation on the impact new Demo- emotional disorder, cratic leadership in the House of Representatives And at the present rate, one will have on the outcome of legislative proposals edto 7o'u) a hJp

tnis . tal sometime durihg his life

_____For the first time at any mid-term meeting since because of a severe mental

NINTH-Alexander. Alleghany, 1940, the House of Representatives does not have ^ .

prima^. , Ashe. Cabarrus, CaldweU, Dav- th late Sam Rayburn as its Speaker. In his place half of us wlU

(Aher incum- le, Iredell, Row'an, Stanly, Wa- nnw sits Ron .TnVin W XToPrtfmariir

crack mentally before any nuclear attack ever hits us.)

There are now some 750,000 patients in mental hospitals in this country as rnany as In all other hospitals combined.

The one bright light is that with adequate care and treatment, seven out of 10 mental patients leave the hospital improved or recovered.

Through all this muddle, the Federal Government says we probably need at least 350,000 more mental hospital beds.

In the near future, there are supposed to be some of these beds available at Pitt Memorial Hospital.

Taking these figures for what they are worth, qne will deduce that out of the people he knows and comes into contact with, one

tauga and Yadkin. Davde and Yadkin were added from the old eighth. Incumbent Hugh Alexander comfortable in the pri-mar>% faces a real fight in the general election.

TENTH Avery, Burke, Catawba, Cleveland. Gaston. Mitchell and Rutherford. The district lost Lincoln and Mecklenburg to the new eighth, picked up Cleveland, Gaston and Rutherford from the old eleventh. In-cumbent.Basil Whitener of Gaston has no immediate primary troubles, but will have big hurdles in November.

ELEVENTHThe far western district, renumbered 11 Instead of 12. contains fourteen counties Buncombe, Cherokee, Clay, Graham, Haywood, Henderson, Jackson, Macon. Madison, McDowell. Polk. Swain, Transylvania and Yancey.

Madison, McDowell, Polk and Yancey counties were added to this district, and still it is one of the smallest population wise. Incumbent Roy Taylor of Buncombe appears fairly safe from primary opposition, although there la some chance that the small counties may try to gang up on big Buncombe. The four added counties are almost 50-50 In Democratic - Republican voting. The larger area will make campaigning more difficult.

now sits Rep. John W. McCormack of Massachusetts , Ti t

011161 L(iitors Soying...

By his long experience not only as a member t-v t-t

of the House, but as its presiding officer, Speaker V^TJIF L^rUITlS 1 llGS

Rayburn appeared to have mastered most of the *

out of 10 is mentally or emotionally ill. Perhaps youve not realized this. Perhaps it explains why someone seems a little on the nutty side.

There are so many people justly afflicted that pretty soon more and more of you will know people who have experienced knowing an acquaintance or relative who has been mentally ill.

And mental and emotional illness knows no bounds. It affects the young, teenage, college age and on to young adulthood, middle age and the older people. It affects the rich and the poor. There are many Illnesses we have long associated as being purely physical, which now may have some connection with the mental health, such ais certain heart patients.

Its a curious thing, the human mind.

The Daily Reflector

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problems of steering the House of Representatives (RaleighTimes)

in the wa.v he wanted it to go. Rep. McCormack, * south Carolina legislator With long experience in the Hou.se and in his position takes violent exception to "The of floor leader, is likewise well versed in the ways Battle Hymn of The Republic

of the House and his partys representatives in that aCsriJrandTh' X . the exception-taking mood, he

It is doubtful, however, that he can, for the tiould extend his list a bit. time being at least, weild the influence which example, maybe he ought

Speaker Rayburn did Particularly is this true in

cieaiing witn many of the key committees headed Yankee. And perhaps he ought by Democrats from Southern states It is also well-^ Lincolns

known that Rep. McCormack and Pre.,ident Kenne- grM!''!wLwrLn ci\, rhou'ii both are from Massachusetts, do not see by the head dam Yankee of them eye-to-eye on many problems. They have had the ^4 spoken by him.

poihical differences for years and it is q;iite likely sound uur?; g?od that It will take time for a close relationship to be to object to Uncle Toms Cab-developed between these two important officials . . . ^ he has ever bothered to

if it doos jif 11 ' it, he would find that it

uues ail. ,1 poorly written and not at all

Under the new leadership in the House, there interesting, if it has any value may be a greater tendency on the part of members today, it is simply the fact

to challenge Democratic leadership . . . and this may tS TSs* l'cl; come from members of both parties. eventually set our national

The new Speaker of the House will face many problems in his initial session in that important post, ob ctor'\"S? and the administration likewise may face greater ground when he objects so fur-difficulty in getting House approval of its program The Battle Hymn of

than was the case last year. Republic. This is a superb

bit of music and a superb bit of writing. It can stir the heart to this very day, if the owner of the heart will permit it to be stirred. The stirring is neither Southern nor Northern, but is just the stirring brought on by anything which appeals to the heroic In men of any generation. which appeals to the thing which sends a man out willingly to do a hard and difficult and dangerous job.

That was the kind of spirit which sent the men from South Carolina into the battles of the Civil War. It was the same kind of spirit which sent more men from North Carolina than any

Soul-Searching 3y Republicans

By JAMES M.iRLOW

WASHINGTON (AP i The Republicans, after several days of public soul searching in this congressional election year, are still trying to figure out where they stand and what for.

They cant find a hat to fit' all of them. They are looking for a formula to beat the Democrats but theyve been inept in this department over the past 30 years.

The Democrats are a divided lot, too. They sometimes give the impression of being not one party but two parties that merge on some issues and then fly apart again.

The evidence is plain enough that for most of the past 30 years the Republicans have been out of step with public thinking. Since 1932, the Republicans have held the White House for only eight years under Dwight D. Eisenhower.

He was so popular that if he had nin as a Democrat he probably would have won just as overwhelmingly. If not more so. In his case the party label hardly meant much.

The consistent test of public favor showed up in Congress where, in the 30 years since 1932, voters elected a Republican majority only twice, for a total of four years, in 1946, and 1952. In Eisenhowers last six yearsIncluding 1956 when he was re-elpctedthe voters gave Congress to the Demo

crats.

About a year ago a Republican committee began a study to see what ailed the party. At Oklahoma aty last week the head of this committee, a top Ohio Republican, Ray Bliss, had gloomy news.

He told the Republican National Committee there that in the big cities Republicans were generally outmanned, outor-ganized, outspent and outworked by their DcmtKiratlc and union opposition.

Bliss outlined a 19-point program for rebuilding the party.

His committee commenting on the 1960 presidential defeat said Vice President Richard M. Nixon lost to John F. Kennedy because Democrats -got tremendous majorities In 27 of the 41 big cities.

Sen, Barry Ooldwater of Arizona, a hero to some Republi-cans and probably a candidate for the partys presidential nomination in 1964. said Nixon lost in I960 because "we were not Republican enough.

But what Is Republicanism? National Committee Chairman William E. Miller of New York said the party should have neither a conservative nor liberal label.

New Yorks GOP State Chairman L. Judson MorhouseGov. Nelson A, Rockefeller of New York may be Goldwaters rival for the nomination in i964got ((Continued on Pag 5

other state to fight that War which South Carolina started. It was the universal call to the best in men.

This South Carolinian objects to the connection John Brow^l had with the Battle Hymn. Of course John Brown was a fanat-it, and no doubt it could be proved that he was fanatic to the point of insanity. Of course he had a connection with the Battle Hymn, just as the fanatics of the South had their own connection with the stirring things of the South. Every age ha.s its fanatics, and some of them are just as close to the border of actual insanity as was old John Brown when he went from Harpers Ferry into immortality.

But no nation can open and close selective doors hito its past. We can no more shut off the Battle Hymn than wse could shut off the heroism of the North Carolina men who led the Gettysburg charge that made Virginias Pickett famous.

If we should shut off Lincolns Gettysburg address, we would shut off its unmistakable references to Southern bravery as we shut off its equally unmistakable reference to Yankee bravery there.

The whole past of our nation belongs to all of us, to the South as well as to the North, to the black as well as to the white. We must take that past now and study it. see how it is woven into our own present, and see how W'e can take from it the strength and the confidence and the w^ill-Ingness to walk into the difficult future ahead of us.

We can walk more confidently, both as individuals and as a nation, if we march into that future to the drums of the Battle Hymn as well as to the fifes of Dixie.

Sometimes the minds counterpartner, the body, doesnt react too well in unusual situations. Snow might be termed one of those situations.

As we sit here, we can recall numerous stories about people we know who were injured during last weeks snow^s, most of them in sledding accidents. It aint funny, McGee, either sprained arms and legs, stitches In noses and knees we dont get that kind of weather too often, and when we do, people seem to want to take advantage of it, whatever the consequences.

Tomorrow will shine.

perhaps the sun

Roots Are In

iRistory

By GEORGE E. SOKOLSKT Copyright, 1962. King Features Syndicate, Inc.

Those feovemments which have a system of continuity survive longest. Until World War I. such countries as Russia, Great Britain, the Austro-Hungarian Empire could point to a thmisand or so years of history. No nation In Asia has had a continuous record of so many years. China,'for Instance, has had a record of changes of dynasty which Indicates a total lack of cohtinuity. Many of the djmasties were foreign in origi. For instance, the great Tang ^ Dynasty was foreign in origin, the .Yuan was Mongol, the Taching was Manchu. The history of India is one of constant conquest of different parts of the country, leading to varieties of form of government.

Those countries which have been continuous have been most stable and their people have been protected from the startling shifts and changes of government by violent revolution.

Russia had 1 continuous history from the conquest of that country by the Mongols (1207-1238) to 1917. The Czarist gov-' emment was not progressive nor was it, on the whole, beneficial to the Russian people, but its successor, the Soviet Government, faces domestic problems which it may not be able to meet without further revolution. The loss of the Hapsli^urg Dynasty has been a disastrous episode in European histoi-y. Not a single successor nation has been able to stabilize itself, although little Austria is moving forw'ard better than was expected during the past two decades.,

The United States Is a comparatively new country politically but it has had a continuous form of government for three centuries. The Revolutionary War did not alter the form of government. It only intensified its nature. The Declaration of Independence, the Articles of Confederation and the Con.stitu-tion did not change the nature of government or the social habits of the people; they strengthened a form of government which had been continuous among the Anglo-Saxon peoples in principle since the Witenagemot, the earliest parliament, the conception of which w^as some form of representative government that ultimately, through many stages of evolution, produced the idea of government by choice.

And so. we come dowm to the year 1962 in the United States with John F. Kennedy at the head of a continuous government as he stands before a Congress chosen by the poeple to report on the State of the Nation. Not all the people favored or favor Kennedy. Not all^ the people agree with the policies of the present Administration. but those who agree or disagree are united in support of a continuing government. As the President stood before Congress, all parties applauded him.

There are alw'ays those w^hose opposition reaches extremist and unpleasant attitudes. Since the beginning of American history, there have been little movements of intensified opposition such as Shays Rebellion, or the violence of Aaron Burr

(Continued on Page 6)

Strength For Today

By EARL L. DOUGLASS TRIVAL THINGS

All these little things are devouring me alive.

My eyes cannot see, my ears cannot hear,

Even my brain is being destroyed.

Only the husk of me smiles wearily on and on.

Thus wrote James G. Gllkey as he emphasizes those trival things in life w'hlch often defeat us when God really Intended that they should be to us a source of power and joy. After all is said and done, life Is made up of multitude of trivial things. We can Imagine that even our Lords life for thirty years appeared frequently to be a series of trivial incidents sawing and hammering in the carpenter shop, repairing here and building there. Yet through these years God was preparing the

Carpenter of Nazareth to go forth and to become the Saviour of the World.

He that is faithful in that which is least is faithful also In much, declared our Lord on one occasion. A little profit on a mighty volume of goods makes the merchant rich. A life given to apparently trivial things which have contributed to the happiness and welfare of others adds up to a big and noble life in the end. If trivial things appear petty to us, or if we make them so, then a series of trivial things can make life almost unbearable. Yet upon the trivial we can build great superstructures which we will contemplate at the close of our lives with joy and to which our friends ^will point with admiration and joy.

Trivial things are Inslgnificent only if Wr'e handle them insignificantly.

Asks Business Ignore Defenses

By ELMER ROESSNER * Labor Secretary Arthur J. Goldberg's warning that it would not be in the public Interest for an artificial build-up of steel In fear of a steel strike is one of the most amazing utterances from an Administration rapidly achieving attention for amazing utterances.

The injunction against business not too protect itself against a very probably catastrophe Is comparable to warning busine.ss to take its money out of banks, to cancel its Insurance and to forget all this nonsense about fall-out shelters.

In telling business not to build up inventories against the probability of a steel strike this summer, Mr. Goldberg is asking that business pass over the normal. common sense defenses against a cutoff of essential supplies.

STRIKE LIKEI.Y

Contracts between tl^e United Steel Workers and the leading nifcnll Joocra Juiw

Negotiations will soon start.

The steel companies have not yet recovered the wage increases granted under the I960 contract. White House pressure has been exercised to prevent a steel Increase to offset the w'age increases that went Into effect' last fall. Unless the steel companies get assurances they can pass on any nw wage Increases June 30, they will be forced to resist demands for pay ri.ses which is what the United Steelworkers are there for In the first place.

That means a strike and most observers say a strike is an odds-on probability.

Suppose steel buyers auto makers, bridge builders, road contractors, construction companies and the thousands of otherstake Mr. Goldberg's advice and do not stockpile steel.

As June 30 nears, the Steelworkers will be in an invincible position. I

If they strike, all indu.stry wUlioul Steel to work with, will

come to a halt. Unemployment will spread like mold after a long rain. Businesses will shut do%m. Some will never open again.

SETTLE OR DIE

The Steelworkers can make their own terms. If they are not accepted. Industry will wither and die. If they are accepted, prices of steeldespite President Kennedy's strictures-will rise, and so will costs of almost everything else. (Nothing is made without steel, steel companies keep remindiiig us ) Wages wUl be forced up in all other industries. L. the end. most of the Steel workers Increases will go for higher coats of consumer Rood.s. and only the slobs de .diiig on pensions, annuities. Ins irance and savings will suffer,

* But suppase steel buyers do stockpile steel.

When labor contracts come to critical stavr union negotiators ' w ill know that steel-using Indus-. tries are set to ride out

the strike. They will know' that a strike can be long, and that gains will never make up for pay lost during the strike.

With no stockpiling. Steeir workers wUl be in a position t<S gain any demandeven a 20-hour work, which electricians In New York have been hisisting upon. But ..ith stockpiling, they win be forced to negotiate within bounds of reason.

So, stockpile!

f

CANADIANS HEI.PING BUILD CUBAN ECONOMY

Our Canadl.4n neighbors, probably because there is money in it, are shoring up Castros Cuban econo*ay.

The U. S. Agricultural Serv ice reports that Canadians are selling Cuba $2 million worth of cattle and $7 million worth of chickens, turkeys. rabbits, sheep, pigs, seed and farm machinery. The Cubans say they expect Canada to buy more Chiban sugar, tobacco. molai>scs. cigars an' tomatoes. A