Thujrtdasr^ January 4, 1962

Discontinuing Program Is In Order

Is^Not Bootlicking^)

In this ara in which special government services designad to fit a temporary, spacific need have a way of becoming permanent parts of government tuitions, it is unusual to sea officials recommend elimination of jobs which they hold or have held.

Such is the case with the special social security program which the Pitt County government has offered local citizens for the past five years. W. Kenneth Whichard, who has headed the program during this period offered his resignation to the County Commissioners this week and recommendefd to the commissioners that thia particular service of the county be terminated. Whichard declared the opening of the new district social security office here should fill local needs so far as social security applications are concerned, and thus the county could relieve itself of the responsibility of rendering special services in this regard.

Although the Commissioners, at their meeting Monday did not specifically act on the recommendation that the service be discontinued, the recommendation appears to us to be based on sound reasoning.

During the five-year period in which the county has offered this consultant service for persons eligible for social security benefits, the total number of Pitt resi4ents receiving these benefits has risen sharply. So have the total payments each month to local citizens received through the social security program. At^pres;^ ent social security payments in Pitt County are rurinink

at an annual rate of approximately |2,70%000. In many instances these social security payments have made it possible to remove people from the county's welfare rolls, and in other instances have provided income for others whose names eventually may have been on the countys welfare rolls.

It has been a ser\'ice well worth to the people of Pitt what the county government has invested in it. With the opening of the district office here,* however, the need for special social security service to people of Pitt can* be filled by the district office. The county program would become largely duplication of service by two different levels of government.

Mr. WKichard should be commended for the serr vice he has rendered people of Pitt through this program and likewise, we believe, he should be commend-, ed for the recommendation to the Commissioners that this special county undertaking be ended.

Just as the Commissioners acted in the best interest of the county as a whole in initiating the program when a special need existed five years ago, we believe they will be acting in the best interest of the county now by discontinuing the program since the need will be filled by the presence of a Social Security District office here. ^

Heart Of The Report

Near-Unanimous^ fl^,

?ress Criticism

By LYNN NISBET

REFUNDS The preia of North Caroliiui has been almost unanimous In criticism of the methods employed in the colleo-tk of the State income tax under the withholding plan. The revMue department estimated a few daya ago that there would be apm*oximately 300,000 refund checka to write and mail to taxpayma from whom excess amount had been withheld. That is about 60 percent, or three out of every five, of all the individual inc(nne taxpayers in the state.

It would seem that need for restudy and adJusUnem is obvious in a altuation where more than half the tax billli are known in advance to be wrong. What the coat of bookkeeping and pro-cesaing these refunds will amount to has not been computed. Postage alone on mailing out the checks will be about $32,-000. Maybe there will not be very great net coat to the State, because it wiUr have had the use of the taxpayers mony without Interest. And that doesnt teem quite fairfor the State to take by force money which it has rMson to know the taxpayer doea not owe and use it for an average of aix montha without Interdi.

Distinction must be made here between income tax actually doe and the aum collected in excess of that amount. When the withholdlxLg plan was inaugurated there wae auggeation in some quarter* that the State ahould pay Interest on the amount collected prior to the mevious paying date of April 15. That argument will not stand up. because the tax is actually owed as soon as Uie wages are earned. The amount over and above the taxes dua at no time belongs to the State and there la logic in the claim that the wage earner' is entitled to interest on it.

PER CAPITA StatiaUelans k>ve that Latin phraae almost as much as they love the wwds median, norm and average. On second thought, maybe they love it more, because It is used with more abandon and less really intelligent application.

The fact that per capita Btatiatiea aometimes meet them-aelvea coming back does not seem to worry the statisticians. Wc are told, for example, that in per capita Income North Carolina ranks ammig Uie bottom fourth of the states. That means If all Uie income of all the people in North Carolina were dletributed equally among all the people each one would get a tttUe less than the resident of any one of 40 other states would get from similar distribu

tion of that states total income.

We are told, also, that North Carolina ranks far down the Hat even after the 1961 boostsin per capital pupil contribution for public schools. And Governor Sanford emphasieed in one of his yearend revlewa that North Carolina ranks third from the bottom In per capita contributions through taxes to state and local government.

Implication in the low per capita education contribution is that we are not doing enough. Implication in the low per capita government cost is that we have a very efficient governmental operation. Here is one place the statisticians meet themselves co.nlng back.

The Wilson Dally Times has a good editorial on this subject. It points out that low per capita income and low per capita tax take are inextricably tied together. One cannot pay taxes if he does not earn Income or own property. It is further noted that North Carolina income and sales tax rates are among the highest In the country. The folks who pay taxes in North Carolina pay at high rate. Troubte is. and this is especially true with respect to local government, too few government, too few of all the people pay their proper share of government cost.

AVERAGEThe word average is almost a synonym for per capita. because it means an equal distribution of assets. It is Just as illusive and unfair as per capita, although perhaps more easily understood. When average and per capita tabulations are applied to several million people the sense of proportion Is lost. Lets consider just three people. One of them has an income of $140.000 a year; another has an income of $8,000, and the third an income of $2.-000. That is a total of 150.000 or an average or "per capita of $50,000 each. But the $50,000 per capita doesnt help the $2.-000 man pay his bills.

North Carolinas per capita Income and per cajeta distribution or wealth may be low, but the strength of this state is that a laxge proportion of its citizens come within the average range. We have a few multimillionaires In North Carolina and we have a few desperately poverty stricken people. Both groups must go into the per capita formula.

The pride and the strength of North Caroling is that when the average and per capita levels have been established, more of our people than will be found in other places, will come in the average bracket*.

A record year in 1961 for North Carolinas industrial expansion suggests that the states development efforts are gaining momentum year-by-year and that dividends from these efforts are constantly increasing.

Investment in new plants and plant expansion last year, according to Gov. Sanford, amounted to $279.4 million, adding some 35,000 new job opportunities and an annual payroll of $llt.5 million to the states economy.

These figures indicate that industries already located in North Carolina are greatly interested in expanding their facilities within the state, and further -that the Tar Heel state still holds a great attraction for industries which are looking for new plant locations. They also point up the fact that there are still job opportunities to be created in individual communities which put forth the required effort to help established industries expand and cultivate new industries.

While the figuresin-^^ms of jobs and annual payroll are of utmost import^cethey should not be looked upon as the net gain in employment and payrolls for the state during the past year. In spite of the progress in economic development made by /iorth Carolina each year during the past decade, the state cannot count a net increase in jobs equal to the new opportunities provided by new and expanded industries. Just as new job opportunities have been created each year, other job opportunities have been eliminated. In each case, however, the state is better off for having the new jobs to replace those which disappear, plus enough to provide some net gain in total employment. North Carolina probably does not have a net increase now of 35,000 jobs more than it had last year this time, bu^at least it has more than made up in new jobs for those which have been lost.

. The states rate of economic growth will depend to a great extent on the net increase in jobs it has from year to year. And I96I proved to be an excellent year in this respect.

?rom Now On, ComDarisons

ittler

'L

By DON SCHLIENZ

eft Out Of Guide Book

Let it be said from tlie start that the writer is not shilling for the Duncan Hines Institute. No favors are Involved, no remuneration, and ... no one asked me to mention the 1962 edition of Adventures In Good Eating.

The only reason that publication is involved in todays column is because on scanning it I find no mention of an eating place in Pitt Coimty. That kind of omission is not helpful.

The Institute Says 4500 of the best places to eat are included in their latest edition. Its said that more than 60,000 nominations ' are received each year for inclusion in the listing, and final selection is based solely on the opinion of field inspectors and the editorial staff.

Size of a community has no bearing on qualifications of the eatery involved; populations may run from the hundreds to the millions.

Why botner to strive for inclusion in the book?

Well, Duncan Hines is an

important name to unnumbered thousands of the travelling public. Its endorsement is about as good a guarantee as youll ever get that on stopping in X-vllle there is something more than greasy scrambled eggs and muddy coffee awaiting at days end.

Its good advertising, too. The eating facility so listed is not the sole beneficiary; the community shares , . . hotels, motels, filling stations, banks, shops, garages . . . because the traveler relying on the guide to good eating is not going to avoid a route which includes an approved restaurant.

The guide book lists the cities and towns (by state), their population and principal route numbers, the location ^ of the restaurant, hours of 'service, specialties, price ranges, outstanding featui^s, telephone numbers in case reservations are required, and eVen if its air-conditioned.

For the recdrd, three well-

known restaurants in Morehead City are listed in the guide

book; and Ill bet It has meant a lot to Morehead City.

Other Editors Saying... Me Tarzan, You Mrs.

The DaQy Reflector

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By JAMES MARLOW

WASHINGTON (AP) From now on, after a year in office. President Kennedy more and more will be compared in policies. performance and personality with men who had his job or have one like it.

Kennedy i* more like former President Dwight D. Elsenhower and British Prime Minister Harold Macmillan than any other world leader of recent times.

Haughty, stubborn French President Charles de Gaulle is a complete opposite. So is earthy, bouncy, extroverted Soviet Premier Khrushchev. So is fornter President Harry S Truman.

Truman was more outwardly aggressive and the result was a lot of conflict for instance, with Republicans and particularly Sens. Taft and McCarthy which he seemed to enjoy.

Some of his conflicts might have been avoided with different tactics but this is not to say he was wrong, given the time and circumstances of his presidency.

The country will be forever grateful to him for his decisiveness in beginning foreign aid, his military alliances and stiff-arming the Russians.

In all these areas, and a dozen others, there was conflict of one kind or another.

Much of his wUllngness to accept it and chance his political future on it no doubt was in part a product of hks early background in Missouri precinct politics.

He played politics the way it

had been played for generations. But that way may not be seen again for some time if only because the circumstances of the presidency are different.

In the Truman years and aU those that preceded itbefore a trigger-puU on hydrogen missiles could devastate a continenta pi acident could afford to occupy nimself more with domestic politics.

Some other possibilities may also explain the change which has taken place in the presidency as demonstrated by Kennedy and Eisenhower. For instance :

1. American politics may be entering a more sophisticated period when the traditional cat-and-dog fights between a president and his opposition look old-fashioned and time-wasting.

But more than the Kennedy-Eisenhower presidencies will be needed to show w'hether this I* the case.

2. It may be simply that Kennedy and Eisenhower either think it shrewder and in the long run more fruitful to compromise and avoid brawls or they just dont have the stomach for slam-bang fights.

To put it another way, it seems to be a necessary part of their nature to avoid embroilments. Eisenhower did that with Taft. McCarthy, and with everyone else when he could.

But then, of course, he didnt come up through the American political system, either. Even as a general he had made a reputation for avoiding, open (Continued on Page 6)

(Richmond News Leader)

The silliness of self-appointed censors is one of those quantities that has to be computed in imaginary numbers: it is boundless, infinite, and no sooner does some idiot ban The Scarlet Letter from high school libraries than his brother descends on Huckleberry Finn.

A new, but manifestly temporary record In this marvelous field of human unreason was set the other day in Downey, Calif., where some committee proposed to remove all the Tar-zan books from the local library. And why, pray tell? Because the Tarzan books are scandalous and immoral. And how is this? Because Tarzan and Jane lived in the jungle without chaperones or benefit of clergy. They lived,, in short, in sin. Downey school patrons are down on sin.

Well, we thought at first of writing a piece in mock horror, approving their ban on Tarzan and suggesting that the proscrip-tiQK be extended to the local comic strips. It will not have escaped their notice that Mandrake and Narda have remained agelessly and intimately affianced for a great many years. The Phantom and whats-her-name, Diana, must have aroused some old jungle sayings by their prolonged affair. And it seems to us Dick Tracy Is seeing a great deal of that blonde she-cop and very little of Mrs. Tracy.

But the Tarzan topic swung away from us by the first grapevine from New York. Grosset &

Dunlap, the Tarzan publishers, solemnly dignified the Downey daiiiness by a press release stating that Tarzan and Jane were, too. married. The knot was tied in Return of Tarzan, at page 313.

Wild beasts are supposed to be devoid of sentiment, Tarzan said, but nevertheless I should like to be married in the cabin where I was born

Would it be quite regular, dear? she asked. For if it would, I know of no place in which I should rather be married.

And when they spoke of it to the others, they were assured that it would be quite regular and a most splendid termination of a remarkable romance. So the party assembled to witness the ceremony Professor Porter (Janes father, an ordained minister) was to solemnize within three days.

The quoted passage, to be sure, is not absolutely proof positive, for it speaks of the ai>-preaching ceremony In the future conditional: The marriage was to be solemnized. But the word of Grosset k Dunlap is enough. We would not dast search the record further, lest It appear that one more childhood illusion is gone for good. The dream of Me. Tarzan; you, Jane. is too dear to be destroy-^ i?d. We will voice no more than a far-off prayer that the incorruptible school children of Downey, Calif., discover Tarzan with joy and give no thought to the prudish moralizing of grown-ups with nothing better to do.

On birthdays, Christmases, Easters and other such gift-giving occasions, parents soon-' er or later are hit with the inspiration of givng a pet to their youngsters.

Its a good idea; but sometimes it just doesnt work out.

Years ago we acquired a pup. It was supposed to be the toddlers; but the sentimental , picture of a boy and hi* dog just never did pan out. 'To begin with, we learned early that if the puppy was going to be long in this world it would be because we took over the job of protecting, feeding and caring for it ... as well as doing the same for the boy.

And I suspect the casualty rate among biddies and ducklings of Easter-time runs high except in those cases where parents keep a constant' eye on the welfare of those bits of fluff.

Little boys and girls fall In love with tiny blue-eyed kittens; but the things that happen to those kittens! Carried by one leg, by the tail, thrown into the air, stepped on ... it sometimes barely falls short of mayhem.

The long and the short of it is that with acquiring a pet, responsible members of the family also acquire a new res-^ ponsibility. And if you dont want all that entails, its far kinder to st^y out of the pet market.

Opinions In Brief

Job had patience, but he never had anyone back into his new car.Greensboro (Ga.) Herald-Journal.

History proves that war is better at abolishing nations than nations are at abolishing wars. Dawson (Oa.) County News.

Hummingbirds and growing boys have this in common :#they both use up so much energy that they need between 40 and 60 meals a day. Mattoon (111.) Journal-Oazette.

Before I got married I had three theories about bringing up children. Now I have three children and no theories. Carlsbad Current-Argus.

Seeing Daddy wearing an apron is a shock to young children a psychiatrist warns. But in some homes they wouldnt recognize him without It. Grand Rapids Press.

.rigures

31omec.

By GEORGE . SOKOLSKY Copyright. 1961. King Features Syndicate, Inc.

Frank L. Kluckhohn has had a wide experience as a newspaperman and government official and knows the State Department well. He does not heap the blame for State Departmnt failures on the Secretaries of State but describes the mechan-lAP of the Department in an article in the January Readers Digest which makes it clear be yond doubt that something drastic must be done to revise, reorganize, redirect the staff of the State Department.

Citing chapter and verse, Kluckhorn shows how men in lower positions prevented Secretaries of State from becoming aware of the data which was essential to them. This does not apply only to the Kennedy Administration but has been continuous for years.

Kluckhohn describes the situation as follows:

There are now 23,000 persona on States payroll, the control-.,^ling group being the 3628 Foreign Service Officers. Typically, a jsmng FSO steps into the Department direct from college. For six to eight years he stamps visas or does routine embassy chores while being shifted around the world. Even as he accumulates seniority and begins to assume responsibilities, he rarely has' to make an individual decision. Whatever reports he turns out are initialed and okayed by so many persons that he doesnt have to worry about being blamed personally, if things fail to go right. In fact, his basic technique for advancement in the bureaucratic morass comes to consist of avoiding the displeasure of his immediate superior, or identification with any controversial action-even when the avoidance may mean ignoring a problem that could build up to a disaster.

Kluckhohn indicates how the young official is trained to avoid getting into trouble. His first lesson is Dont rock the boat This, of course, is true In big business and In universities and wherever there are large organizations of men. The problem that faces the individual is promotion without risk of hurting a superior or upsetting a regime- It is so easy to be squeezed on the escalator of achievement. The man above can kick the rising personality off the ladder; the man below can trip him as he moves upward. The rising personality cleverly avoids interference or sudden emergencies. He takes his strides slowly, even if it damages the country. The man who moves out of step can do infinite (Jamage to himself.

Kluckhohn gives as his number two rule: Avoid making any decision for which you may be l^ld personally responsible. This requires the responsible personality always to mark time so that if anything goes wrong he can blame someone else. The easiest one to blame is the Secretary of State; the public will believe that he took the wrong steps because he is the big man in the picture. How could a litWe gnat cause so much trouble But the little ones do cause trouble, lots of it. They get in the way of things. They talk too much. They bubble over. They need to be spanked and no one wants to spank them. The President protects himself by having a staff' in the^^hite House to screen what ^PBes from State and the CIA but the Secretary of State is a dally work-horse on the Job who has day by day responsibilities and who cannot duck issues. Ail sons of dispatches are.signed in kis name and decisions are taken for which he is directly and personally responsible. As few as a half dozen bone-heads can trip him up.

Secretary of State Hull, for Instance, specialized in tariff questions and too often overlooked broader problems, so that the President or the Under Secretary was handling matters which rightly should have been the Secretarys.

This explains why the London Economic Conference at the beginning of the Roosevelt regime was such a failure. Secretary Hull was left out altogether. Raymond Moley, President Roosevelt and Secretary of the Treasury Morgenthau were reaching decisions about which the Secretary of State knew nothing. In fact, Hull never knew anything about this most significant meeting out of which, in a large measure, grew World War

n.

(Continued on Page 5>

Strength For Today

Conouest Of G oo-Bod' Business

By EARL L. DOUGLASS

VALUE OF GOOD WORKS

The Epistle of James is one of the most Interesting books in the New Testament. It Is placed immediately after the Epistle to the Hebrews, one of the most exalted pieces of literature ever produced. It comes before the i(irt Epistle of Peter. written by the head of the apostolic group Who James was we do not know', save' that he designated himself "a servant of God and of the Lord Jesus Christ.

The book is a study in practical Chriatianlty.'* Because of St. Pauls influence, great emphasis had been laUl upon > the iihportance of faith in the Christian experience. The result was that some had probably gone to the extreme of maintaining that if they had faith they had everything. Gkiod works

were of no value. The Epistle of James is written in protest aginst this viewpoint. James was a firm believer in the value and power of good works. He does not go so far as to say that heaven can be purchased by good works, but he makes it plain that if good works do not accompany a life of faith, then there is something basically wrong with that persons faith* In other words, good works are not the roots of salvation but they are decidedly the fruits of salvation, and any claim of Christian faith and salvation which does not bear a crop of good and kindly works is, according to Jamesand certainly we of the twentieth century would agree with hima thing of shame aiid falseness. .

Faith and good wojrfcs belong together, and in a truly sound Chrwtian experience they are found together.

By ELMER ROESSNER

Regardless of the ethics, mor- . ais or politics of Jawaharlal Nehrus conquest of Goa, the operation was bad business.

Nehru paid a very high price for 1,537 square miles of real estate, including some manganese and iron mines and some rather prltnitive salt works. Iron exports last year were less than $35 million, mostly to Japan and West Germany.

The biggest immediate loss to India Is the change in attitude of American and Western European businessmen toward Investing in India.

The Indian government promised it would not Invade the Portuguese holding, then Invad-

If the Indian honor is so slight, many businessmen think, then promises " to guarantee invost-ments against oppression and sequestration are equally valueless.

$5 MILLION FACTORY LOST

This is not theory. It has already happened. Almost Im-i mediately after Indias attack, U.S. Time Corp. announced cancellation of plans to build a $5 million watch factory in India. U. S. Time said its action was an inescapable consequence of the Indian governments violation of its pledged word by invading the enclaves.

Other American companies may be even further-reachlng.

They are:

1. Although Congress will not resume for another six days,

there is already talk of re-ex-an^ng Unted States aid to India, and certain Congressmen are sure to* demand a cut in grants, American aid to India in fiscal 1960 totalled $386 million ten times more than 7ndia can squeeze out of exports A Goan iron and manganese >re*.

MORE AID FOR FRIENDS

2. More help for Pakistan,

Indias traditional enemy, is likely. In the same period, aid to Pakistan was only $184 million., ,m Because Pakistan has shown great loyalty to Western ideals, the ratio of aid may be reversed. This will force India 'to increase levies from its own people or mortgage itself to the communisti to protect . its frontiers.

3. India may face a spontaneous boycott, Goa Is revered by many Catholios because it is the resting place of St. Francis Xaviei:;. Portugal is allied by blood and faith to the Latin nations of the world. The Catholic and Latin countries will tend to buy fewer Indian products and Invest less money in the Indian economy. 'I#

4. When the Red Chinese re-.sume their pushing of Indias borders backwhich they prob-

' ably will when spring weather comesIndia will get less Ameiv ican help than the Laotians are

now receiving. The attitude of many will be that India ahould use the battalions that conquered Goa to tlirow back the Chinese on its borders.

The* conquest#of Goa may have been a triumph of Ideology. But it was surely lousy economics.

SHORT & SIGNIFICANT BUSINESS NEWS BULLETINS "Some Increase in housing starts is ahead, said M.L. Dye. president of the United States Savings and Home League, . . . Indiana General, one of the worlds largest manufacturers of magnets, has established an office In Fribourg, Switzerland . . .Montgomery Ward Is renting tuxedos by mail in eight Midwestehi states. For a night of swank: $8.95. . .Pall MaU cigarettes outsold all others in 1961 for the third year in a row. according > to a Business Week count. It also found the cancer scare is easing off.

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