Wednesday, December 20, 1061

Is N Powerless In These, Cases?

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'it

How Many Times Must I Tell YouT

The world faces the gloomy possibility that a what Ndhru has achieved in the Portuguese enclaves.

- W'gy#- of aggressions by newly independent nations How will the nations of the world react if Sukarno may-break out around the world in the name of liberat- carries out his threat? How would the world react if ing territories from colonialism. the Netherlands, in the face of the open threat to in-

In such an event the more powerful nations would y*de their territory, strike the first blow ^o prevent an have to decide whether to sit back and let aggression invasion of their own territory?

be justified if it suited the* whim of the aggressor, or For the moment at least the United Nations ap-pitch in to belp the victim retain his holdings at vari- peara'to be powerless to interviene in such brush-fire ous points around the globe. occur. It is probable that the Soviets

- ^ , . * , , , , will take the sam position in other incidents of this

India s attack on Portuguese-held enclaves on the Indian situation. It is also

Indian continent has been justified as a campaign of thht.if the Asian-African group of nations felt

liberation. The fact that the Soviets vetoed any U.N. india's/invasion of the Portuguese enclaves was justi-action to halt the Indian action appears to have en- ^g^j^ ^j^gy ^,j|] likewise give approval to Sukarnos invasion of Dutch-held West New Guinea. ^

How many other nation* of recent independence will be encouraged to adopt a similar attitude toward adjacent territory held by other countries? Will a Latin American country assert it has a right*to invade Puerto Rico? Will an African nation declare its neigh-^bor by ajl rights should be absorbed by force of arms?

If any does make such a decision will the rest of the world sit back and watch?

The community has faced many difficult and complicated problems since the close of World War IT, but none could bring it closer to World War III than the general adoption of the attitude that it is now accepted as right that any new nation may take what it wants from others by military aggression.

couraged the head of at least one of the new nations President Sukarno of Indonesiato assert he will invade Dutch-held West New Guinea to achieve there

'i^eorganizing N.C. 'ChaDter'

their operstiooi will not Interfere with either of the projects, because they will only drop bombs containing a small charge equivalent In strength to an 8-guage ahotgun ahell. The.se practice bombs do not contain any high explosives, nor do they generate shrapnel or flying debris.

_That explanation relieves fear of damage or danger from the bombs but it Is not lessen objection to the presence of the bombers and the teniflc noise they will make. Students of the habits of waterfowl think It will be only a few years until the ducks and geese will surrender the Mattamuskect area to the Jet monsters and move their habitat to some less noisy place. If that should happen. It would mean a loss of several million dollars a year to North Carolina.

By LYNN NISBET

U. 8. 70 Efforts are being made to reorganize the North Carolina Chapter of the . "S.

70 Highway Association. Two preliminary committee meetings have been held since the national convention (?) at Atlaiv-tic Beach in October, and plana are in the making for an organization meeting at Durham on February 16-17. The state chapter has been dormant for several years and the Atlantic Beach meeting was very poorly attended. Even so, there were nearly as many people from Arizona and New Mexico as from North Carolina.

U. S, 70 as a national highway will never have the same Importance to North Orolina as will U. S, 301 and other north-south routes. That is because there is only one way to go.

The highway terminates on the coast, wherea.s the north-.south routes have this state as near the middle with travel in both directions. The situation is entirely different with respect to service provided by 70 for the people inside of North Carolina.

Prom earliest days of development one of the chief needs has been an adequate east-west transportation system. For that reason there is sound logic in perfecting an association to promote U. S. 70 whether it be as a link at the end of a nation-long chain or as an independent North Carolina group. Promotion will almost have to come from concerted or cooperative action, because a number of the points on the route are frankly much more interested In the north-south traffic lanes which C10J5S 70 every few miles along Its course.

That is why the program be- actly the opposite of that de-

Ing arranged for the Durham - sired and intended. Report on

meKing will contain features the study was being requested

from the remote ends of the route in the statea.s well as officers of the national association from as far away as New Mexico.

BOMBING RANGE - The North Carolina delegation In Congress, the people of Hyde county and many devotees of wildlife from all over are continuing the fight against a proposed practice bombing range near Engelhard. And the Air Force aeems equally determined to go ahead with Its plans to acquire by long time lease some 30,000 acres of land for the purpose. Action has been

and used by majority stockholder! seeking new ways to oust their minority associates. .So, instead of serving to protect the little fellow against the big one this study has suggested new ways in which ths big ones can take over.

UNIQUE Nearly every county and every )udiclal district bar association has an annual dinner meeting for the double purpose of business and social intercourse. The Robeson county bar dinner is unusual. If not unique. Many years ago the late Frank McNel, Lumberton attorney, gave a quail dinner for his friend Judge W. C. Harris. It was repeated the next year.

held up pending an open hearing. perhaps sometime next, and soon became an annual af-

month. fair known as the "Buck Har-

The protAts are based on the ris Dinner." Guests were Invit-

facts that the area is in the ed from other counties and al-

heart of the waterfowl concentration around Lake Mattamus-keet, which is a federal wildlife refuge, and bombing practices

ways a prominent speaker. It was at one of these dinners that the late Judge John Parker first made the speech about an in-

would greatly Interfere with that ternatlonal court that later was

project: And, that the proposed range is right near Halteras Seashore Recreation area, administered by the National Park Service, and the noise of the planes would seriously disturb the quiet and restfulness of that area. Secretary Udall has Joined In the protest.

The Air Force contend.! that

featured by the American Bar Association. Although all the original stars have gone off the stage, and the Buck* title ha.s lost significance, the Robe.son bar still has the dinner and It Is a highlight in the experience ol manly prominent barri.sters from beyond Robeson county lines.

The DaHy Reflector

INCORPORATED

Published Every Afternoon Except SuncUjr EfUblished 1882 DAVID JULIAN WHICHARD, Publisher

biterfd At Post Offloo, OreenvUlt, N. 0 as aooood dstaa mAf matter.

SUBSCRIPTION RATB8 By Carrier (In Towns) Weok SOe

By Carrier (Motor Routes) Week 3Se

BY MAIL, Payable In Adrniiea

Greenville Post Office. Pitt Ooonty, Robersoavllle, VanooOore Washington and Chocowlnlty.

Months .............................. I 1.1B

5? ooMi* ................ 1i

One Tear ...............................

North Carolina (other than listad above)

Thrw Months .......................... $ COO

8tx Months IJtH

On* Year ......... ICgt

All Other Outside North Carolina

Three Months .............................. I 4Ji

8U Months ................................. |jO

On* Year ................................... tM

MBMBEB ASSOCIATED PBEM rhs Associated Press Is excosivtly eoutled to um tor pubUcatlOB aU newt dispatches credited to tt oi not otherwise credited to IMi paper and alee the local news pu'slisbed hereto All ligtiis M pubUeatlen of spedaJ dispatches here are also rsesrved.

NATIONAL AOVBBTISINO RBPItESBNTATIVBB Thomas F Clark Co. Iiw., New TorE. Cblcafo Atlanta M Audit Bureau of OIrculaUeo Ail adveitlslns copy must be received at least one day befors pqbficatloii datn

IDEA BACKFIRED Prof, Hodge ONeal of Duke University reported to the Robeson county bar associations the results of a study sponsored by the Federal Small Business Administration which produced much highly valuable information but backfired In one Important segment.

The avowed purpo.se of the study was to discover the amount of loss in energy and money occasioned by internal squabbles, proxy fights and other efforts to squeeze out minority stockholders from any voice or profit in a corporation. The waste was clearly shown, the lo.ss runs into multiplied millions of dollars, and legislation has been suggested to curb some of the practices. Prof. ONeal somewhat ruefully confessed the result in some instances was ex-

Court Should Expedite Lt. Governorship Case

It appears now that the courts of the state will decide whether there will be an election for Lt. Governor in North Carolina next spring, or whether the Sept. 20 ruling of Attorney General Wade Bruton is in keeping with the constitution of the state.

If the matter does go to the court for final de- n * oi?mdv unTXr ADtS

cisin, every effort should be made to expedite the TilbJNKi IlC'v'VAKLI

case in order that all the interested candidates will ^ have an opportunity to compete for the office.

Shortly after the sudden death.of Lt. Gov. Cloyd Philpott last fall, Attorney General Bruton ruled that

the office could not be filled until the 1964 general as the last few days before election. There the matter has stood until Jast week Ciiristmas dwindle away, the lit-when Max Thomas of Marshville attempted to file things that always have a

for the office, contending that the Attorney Generals obv^ious than'S^wfy tube dSg ruling is in error. In ^tempting to file for the office, the year.

Thomas took the first step in instituting le|:al action Perhaps its not the things Mch -ould place in the hands of the states courts se o^tTeLSa rather than the Attorney Generalthe matter of say- pie to noUce those little evento ing whether the post of Lt. Governor can be filled by as the real Christmas Spirit an election in 1962. brightly with each

If the post is to be filled by election next year, takethe chain of events

the candidates probably would have to ^pete in yesterday, for example: party primaries next May . . . and that does not leave before 8 a.m. when

a great deal of time. Shouid the question go to the LSmobUe bciu states courts for decisionas Thomas says it will station. His bill came to $4.65.

the courts should see that the matter is handled with handed the attendant a %5r

all deliberate speed in order that the people of the K^eD^"he

state will know as soon as po.ssible whether they will c^tm". T'

vote for a Lt. Governor in 1962 or wait until 1964 as . . .About io aju,. a bustling previously indicated.

u

The Christmas Symptoms

Allies Mus

Warnec,

'Reform'

Christmas shopper was depositing several gaily-wrapped parcels in the back scat of her car parked on a side street.

A bright-eyed little girl in a dirty little dress standing near

by questioned: "Is that my

Christmas present?" Before the day was over, the Christmas shopper had made another trip downtowm and hsul treated the little girl and her brother and sister to a taste of Santa Claus. . .

. . .A report from the Pitt County Welfare Department about noon told a 'story that seems to recur every year about this time. A deaf mute, who lives on a pension check himself, dropped by the office to leave a crumpled $5 bill to help buy Christmas food baskets for the needy. He was the same man who mailed in three $1 bills a year ago. Just a few days before Christmas. . .

. . .In the midafternoon, a ragged little Negro boy stood timidly In the mouth of an alley in the downtown area. His sparkling brown eyes watched busy Chrl.stmas shoppers hurrying by. It startled him when a middle-aged man stooped to hand him a small white paper

bag of candy from the dime store. His eyes showed his thanks.

. . .Then about 5 p.m., a group of' Cub Scouts were on their way to Pitt Memorial Hospital. Into the lobby they carried a Christmas tree. They had decorated the traditional Christmas symbol to adorn the hospitals children's ward.

By JAMES MARLOW

WASHINGTON (AP)Reform or perish.

This is what President Kennedy has told Latin America which wants American aid where the rich stay rich and the poor stay miserable.

Its about the same thing he told the reactionary government of South Viet Nam who.se only hope of saving the country from communism is American help.

This policy of linking American aid to reform is a touch one but long overdue. One main Idea is Implicit in it for any backward country where the gap between rich and poor is wide.

Unless through reforms in taxes, 4and redistribution and other thingsthe impoverished ma.sses are given a share in the society and therefore a reason to preserve It, the door is open to revolution.

.Just how tough Kennedy really Intends to be remains to be seen. No one can pass Judgment on him now. He Is Just starting. Some of the answers should be available before his term Is up.

He Is going down a road, trying to undo the damage of centuries, where the results wont be apparent in a hurry.

His Alliance for Progress program for Latin America Is a 10-year one with an estimated cost of $20 billion, a major share coming from the United States.

He has made several major talks about it. particulHrly on March 13 when he outlined his 10-point program; the, next day In a message to Congres.s; and last Sunday on his visit to Bogota, Colombia.

The keystone In this program is cooperation by the Latin American countries and self-help

gave some figures on Latin American conditions: life expectancy, 46 years, compared with 70 in this country; almost half of all Latin American adults cant read; approximately 50 per cent of all the children have no schools to attend; in one country 80 per cent of the population lives in make-shift shacks and barracks.

He said: "Poverty, illiteracy, hopele.ssness and a sense of injustice the conditions which breed political and social unrest are almost universal in the Latin American countryside."

He emphasized that the help a country gets will depend not only on need but on its "demonstrated readiness to put in the reforms which promise lasting social progress.

But It was at Bogota that he called his shots mast bluntly.

Pointing to th "leaders of Latin Americathe industrialists and the landowners' he said: Unless they are Willing to contribute resources to national development, to accept and even Initiate ba.sic land and tax reforms, take the lead in improving the welfare of the masses. then "that leadership will be taken from them and the heritage of centuries of Western civilization will be consumed in a few months of violence."

Oth^ Editors Saying... How Blue Law Works

Quote

"Pakistans Ayub Khan says his goveinment.s going to reopen the Ka.shmlr i.ssue before the United Natiorus again. Many a person whos read for years about this i.ssue between India and Pakistan will wish they'd go on and decide whos going

In trying to improve themselves. ' get the seater."Birmingham In hU message to Congress he News.

Strength For Today

B.r KARL L. DOUGI.AS.S THAT CERTAIN VISION "And they shill beat their swords Into plowshares, and their spears into pruninghooks: the nation shall nut lift up sword against nation, neither shall they learn war any more." (Isilah 2:4)

Incredible! The world being.as It Is today, utterly incredible.

about plowshares and pruning hooks Is a promise made by God Himself. We must trust that promise. It doe.s not take a great deal of faith to believe In the promises of Odd when everything Is going nicely, but when darkness descend.^, when the earth shakes, when (he sword Is poised above our head.sthen it is hard to have faith. The

Communism has declared that Jalth we have at that time real-U will bury us. Never In his- ly counto.

tory have people been taxed so heavily for armament as today. Almost two thousand years after the birth of Christ the prospect of war on world wide scale Is greater than it has ever been.

Has Christianity therefore failed? Not at all. The fact that we resist the infamy of depotlam ahowa that the Iraven of Christ has been working in human

Let us not lose our faith in these dark days. The time will come when, according to the promises of God, humanity will no longer fly al one anothers throats In war. No matter how dark the horizon today, let us be assured that the God who made the earth presides over its life and destiny.

"Though the vision tarry, wait

licarU. Furthermore, we miut. for it because it will surely , remember that this atatement' come" iMabbakuk 2:1).

(Rocky Mount Telegram)

North Carolinas blue law against Sunday sale of certain articles apparently is working more smoothly than many people had thought possible. Merchants across the state estimate that the statute is working in about 90 of the 100 counties. So far no word .has been reported of any arrests under the law. Enforcing the law is entirely up to local authorities, since it is an optional proposition. There is no state agency which keeps tabs on areas where the law is in effect.

The unusual feature of the law is the provision which allows a county or city to exempt itself Irom the law, or to come back under It. Actually, the law hasnt escaped without some opposf-tion. In Mecklenburg County and in Charlotte a group of suburban merchants went to court to prevent enforcement. .They lost their case, but the presiding Judge ruled against enforcement until they could run a test case through the Supreme Court.

The North Carolina attorney generals office has ruled that a city might exempt itself from the law, stay off a few months, and then vote to come back under the law. The Tar Heel law was approved by the 1961 General Assembly; It is modeled after a Penn.sylvania statute which was upheld by the U. S. Supreme Court. Enforcement in North Carolina ha.s been In direct proportion to the amount of sympathy on behalf of the law in any given area.

The Tar Heel law gives muni-

?erhaDs

By ELMER ROESSNER

Now it may Just so be that fat allowances for entertainment and travel may have caused many companies to play the fiscal fool. In allowing generous expense . funds to various executives, these companies may have been cheating themselves and, to their own amazement, have been increasing the collections of the Internal Revenue Service.

It will be no surprise to Mortimer Caplin, Director of Internal Revenue, to read here that a number of corporalion.s have been playing free and ea.sy with expense accounts. In fact, he has brought a few of them to book.

These corporations reason that they are paying more than 50 per cent of their profits in taxes. so it will cost little if they allow executives. salesmen and others to spend geperously In entertalnlni customer! or proa-pecto. and to live luxurlotMly when they travel for the com-

PW.

cipalities a choice between local ordinances and the state-wide law. However, counties which lack law-making powers have to take the state law or go without regulation on the subject. Roanoke Rapids, for example, recently moved to exempt itself from the blue law. Said Mayor Leroy Morris;

"Its foolish to have a law In the books that youre not enforcing anyway. We have had no complaints and have made no attempt to enforce it." Halifax County is stUl under the law but it hasnt been enforced there either. Roanoke Rapids is another of many Tar Heel cities that have voted to exempt themselves from the law.

Virginia recently tightened Its blue laws, but enforcement there is sporadic. The state is awaiting outcome of a Supreme Court test of the law. Winston-Salem had a rather unique case. That city incorporated into its local ordinance parts of the state law, then voted to come out from under the statute. The end result was a somewhat tighter ban than the state law itself.

Blue laws do not always make good sense. They ban some articles in some places of business, while exempting other firms from selling items that seem more offensive than those banned. But for the most part the public accepts them. They would not seem so obnoxious if they were not discriminatory. Law.s should be made to apply across the board; otherwise they are arbitrary and unfair.

On the lighter side:

There was at least one surefire indication that the Christmas Spirit for another year is reaching its peak.

A high school basketball referee. most usually the object of varying degrees of animosity (especially Just after the ball game), received a most pleasant suriu'ise.

About 10 p.m., just after the nip-and-tuck contest had ended, the losing coach extended a friendly hand: "Merry Christmas." he said.

From our experience with such, when that happens, its really Cihrlstinas.

Opinions In Brief

"Persistent people begin their success where others end in failure."E. Eggleston.

"American enterprise, is the art of making toeless shoes a fashion rather than a calamity." Toppenish (Wash.) Review.

"Castro claims the United States is planning another invasion of Cuba. Probably Just wishful thinking as the tourist season approaches."Port Myers (Fla.) News-Pres*.

Avoid Overloading Electric Outlets I

1

Dont givt fks a plact to stad!

1

'Of Thel

I

Nation I

By GEORGE E. SOKOLSI^T Copyright, 1961, King Features Syndicate, Inc.

English is the language of )he American people, although t in some places Spanish is an Important secondary prevalent language. It is not to be assumed that all those who settled American territory priw to the Revolution were English-speaking people. Actually, among the earliest settlers were per-sons who spDkq oUier languages, such asv IRrenoliV' Spanish. Portuguese, Dvtoll, German in various ditiecto, Swe4ih. and numerous AfMcan languages and dialects. Even 18th Century 'English was not one dialect of the language; some o the varieties ot English are so different that they cannot be understood by other Engllshrspeaklng people.

Now along comes the City of New York and aetk to have the State Legislature accept any of 27 languages as a measure of literacy for purposes of voting. The evidence for the significance of a language is that a newspaper is published in that language. Ihe City of New Yo-k, it Is now reported, has 56 daily or weekly newspapw's published in a language other than English. The figure used to be much higher but as children go through our schools, they lose the mother-tongue of their parents. They leam some kind of English. For instance, when I was a child, there were five or . six daily Yiddish newspapers with sizable circulations. Today only one is Important.

The move is, of course, divisive and iKditical. It is the in*o-cess of caterln^to the so-called minorities, to frightened and discontented persons who join together on a racial, linguistic or religious basis to protect themselves from the dominant group.

From an American standpoint, the proposal is stupid and baneful. It fragments our people on an irrational basis. From the very beginning of our country it has been a problem* to find a basis for intellectual or cultural unity.

We live by a written Constitution which is a product of the development of British history. Those who accepted the Constitution were not necessarily British. Pennsylvania, where the Constitution was actually writ-ten, was at that moment inhabited by persons using a number of languages and hav' varieties of Western Europe origins. It as not difficult . establish Anglo-Saxon concepts either for the Articles of Confederation or the Constitution because the Anglo-Saxons were prevalent and the other groups played small roles in Massachusetts or Virginia which were the two most important colonies at the very beginning of American history and they were definitely and unequivocally Anglo-Skx-on. Th(nas Jefferson who wrote most of the Declaration of Independence and he, Madison, Hamilton and the others engaged in that task were attached to Anglo-Saxon traditions.

Language plays a significant role in the development of a people; it helps the mind to accept Institutions. Prior to the 1880s, this country was ho(no-geneous politically and was spiritually stronger than it is'today. The need for absorbing immigrants by the million from all parts of the world, associated large numbers of potential citizens and voters to whom Anglo-Saxon traditions were al-.. len and whose cultures were different and varied with this country and its established habits.

The earlier immigrants of a particular group were anxious that people of their kind be assimilated in American* life. In this effort, the social settlement and the public schools played a potent role. They entered upon what they then called Americanization programs, most of which were effective and successful, although two counter-movements developed simultaneously, namely. the fight of foreign-lanvuaee newspapers to encourage nationalism of origin and the development of defense, organizatiors to lessen the abuse of new Immigrants.

The trend toward assimilation seemed/o be succe.ssful until the increased immigration of al-len.s subsequent to the universal depression of the 1920s. This is particularly significant In relation to the huge immigration of Central American people, par-(Contlnued on Page 7)

Cheating Themselves?

F\irthexmore, they reason, executives and salesmen like the martini trail and they will be more executive and harder selling when lolling in the luxury of a fat expense account.

The mathematics are a bit skimpy, ^

Suppose a fair-haired executive is authorized to run up expenses of $2.50 a week. Who cares? It costs the company only about IL25 a week and he might pick up an order along the martini belt.

But a little longer look will show that if the company is around the 50 per cent bracket, it will have to make profits of $500 a week to afford $250 a week in the cocktail racket.

Its so obvious that many auditors and tax sharks overlook it.

Its as simple s.s this: A Corporation is earning $100.000 a ytar, about half of which gots for Federal taxes. It decides to let Salesman.A. #r.. have a $5oo-a-weck travel and entertainment aUowaoee.

NET DEEPLY CUT

This coeto $25,00} a year, allowing for a two-week vacation.

This reduces income before taxes to $75,000. and the government and the stockholders split thatgetting $37.500 each instead of $100,000.

The stockholders never regain their lost $12.500. But the government does. The money Junior A has been spending flows Into the cash registers of hotels, restaurants, bars and travel facilities. Each of these pay Federal taxes, along with state and local tax,es. Some of it ends up as wages and salaries, which profit the government handsomely.

The money frittered away In travel and entertainment may perhaps never reproduce Itself entirely in taxes. But it will approach that level so closely that the IRS might cooalder urging eompanka te epend as much as they can for eotertalnmnit end travel. "Let joy and martinis be unconfined! It might urge.

Incidentally, many corporations

at this moment, are reviewing expenditures for travel and entertainment. It may be ntore profitable to reduce thoee spendings and split the savings with the government than to lose ,*the spendings forever. ,

PUTS A CALI.8 SPECULATORS GOING TO DIE BROKE

Speculators in puts and calls are called "fish" in Wall Street, Forbes magazine reporto, and it may be because they are suckers. A "put" is a contract that gives the purchaser an option to sell a stock later at a fixed price; "call" gives the buyer the right to purchase the stock at a later date at a fixed price.

Forbes points out that govm-ment statistics show that ) per cent of all transactions endecf in a Irtto.for the "fish," col. Homer Miller, an offlclal of Saul UiPer Ac Co., was.quoted: "About. 40 per cent of the people who buy options hre just ramblers and, jast like horseplayers, they are gomg to die broke."