niundirr Pecnibr 14, 1961

10 Days, 9 Days, 8 Days

Reflect Rising Business Activity

' Comparativt monthly salei and use tax collection* by the stata in the months sinca July have reflected throughout the state improving business conditions and at the same time the effect of the new three per-cent aales tax <m food and other Items that were previously exempt from the states sales tax law..

By way of illustration, the sales tax figures for Gretnville for the month of September (the latest month for which figures are available) show an in-creas^ of more than $39,600 in the amount of tax collect^ compared with September a year ago.

All of this increase is not attributable to the new spies tax on food and other items because the gross rc tail sales for the county for the same month showed an increase of more than $1.5 million over the previous year, and a considerable portion of the increase came ihrenirh Greenville businesses.

The figures do show, however, that whereas in . September a year ago Greenville business firms reported sales tax collections totaling $65,517, this September they reported to the state sale* tax collections amounting to more than $105,000. Among the 37 cities of North Carolina with populations in exces* of 10,000 population, total sales tax collections for the month of September this year were $6.7 million compared with total collections of $4.6 million in 5^tem-ber of 1960. Gross retail sales of both taxable and non-taxable items for the entire state for the same comparative months showed an increase of almost $116 million dollars.

More Tobacco $$$ Circulatec.

*y LYNN NTSBET

T0BA(X!0 MONEY-Th# 19S1 flue cured leaf tobacco crop put more money into circulation tha.n any prerlotu crop in hia* lory- A record production with n usually hlffh prices fined the pockets and bank accounts of farmers and warehousemen to unprecedented degree. And everybody ie happy about It.

But. and this is the meet important part of the story, the larger gmount of money handled. the bulging pockeU, did not mean that Eastern Carolina farmers had the most profltaWe season on record. The expenses of producing, harvesting and marketing the 19S1 crop exceeded all previous recordi of cost by blgaer percentage than the sales recelpte led other years.

Fred Eojrster, head of the Flue Cured Tobacco As.*toclatlon, maintains close contact with growers and proce.ssors of leaf. He says there have been several other years when farmers cleared more dollars on less produc-tron" than this year. Certainly there have been seasons when warehousemen fared relatively better. Merchants and other busine.ss men also report record breaking volume of dollar bus-Ineas with smaller margin of profit. The fact is inescapable, however, that the extra money boosted busineas throughout the " tobacco belt. One reason.ware-hotisemen did not make the usual margin of profit, for Instance. was the mandatory raise in pay of common labor from $1.00 to $1.15 an hour. Not much for one worker or one warehouse but for a business that operate* on 10 to 20 percent margin the addition to 15 per cent to the major Item of cost could make a lot of difference in the final balance sheet.

FACTORYA group of men. Including one zealous promotor of Improved live.stock, were talking about Industrial development In Eastern North Carolina. They were happy about the announcement of the aircraft modification plant at Ellfabeth City and It* potential payroll of six million dollars a year. They recognized also the need for numerous smaller enterprises that could be diatrlbuted among the communl-^ tie* and provide employment for 10 to 200 peraons each.

One of the fellows then mentioned a story from Atate College the other day designating a tree es a "factoiy" and outlining eome of the things it manufactured. Thereupon the cattle enthuslut came In with a description of a small factory that Is one of the moet amazing manufacturing planu in air the

worldthe ordinary milk cow. He cant under.stand why community developers get so hot and bothered about a factory that makes shirts or socks, or or cigarettes or bedsteads, or electronic gadgets, and Ignore the easy availability of a factory that will produce from the most common types ot raw material auch diverse products as come from the cow.

Cow meat is a basic food In almost every section of the globe. The hide of the' cow Is a prime source of leather, and the hair for many itemi of dress and shelter. Bones and waste materials for fertilizer and other ba.se chemical osea. These products also derive from many other animalsmost of them in act, both domestic and wild.

There is one area of manu-faeturing where the cow excels all other factories, and where the processes amaze and challenge the great scientists. That is the process by which rough feed is converted into milk somewhere between the cows mouth and the udder.

PACTWhile the most learned scientists do not understand this process every farm boy recognizes it. And the cow man in the discussion group wondered why more business men did not recognize the value of this kind of factory in the tndustrial development program.

Corporations are organized with huge capital structure to build plants that will take blocks of wood and produce paper pulp; or take soybeans and produce automobile bodies; or a pile of coal and produce a box of ladles stockings.

Here is at band a manufacturing plant that can be acquired for just a few dollars that will take dry hay and produce milk through some process that challenges imagination.

Your reporter a long time ago heard William Jennings Bryan make a .speech. He was talking abont how aome things had to be taken on faith, without support of scientific evidence. He used this lllastraflon;:

"No scientist iiaw ever been able to exijlaTn^ow a blacit cow can eat gt^ gx^ss aijw give white milk with yeljow^tter in It. Or how the ntnfgrtum can grow hair on a horse's back, feathers on a goose and bristles on a hogbut every farm boy knows that it does.

The moral, if any, to this little piece ia that Eastern North Caroliaa can pull Itself out of the economic doldrums by more attention to the little factorie.s represented by pine trees and milk cows, while still working on the big payroll projects.

The DaOy Reflector

INCORPORATED

Publuhed Evtry AfUravon Except Sunday ErtablUhed 1882 DAVID JULIAN WHICHARD, Publiahar

bitered at Pott Office. OreenvlUe. N C.. as second cleaa mef matter

.

SUBSCRIPTION RATIS Bjr Carriwr (In Towim) WmIi SOk

By Cnrrier (Motor Routoa) Wool* SSi

BY. MAIL, PnjrnbU In AdwniiM Oreenvills Post Office, put Oomty. RoOeraoovUle, Veooabon Washington and Cbocowlnilf.

Thru MooUtf .............................

Si* Montna ..... T40

one rut ................................. itJI

North Carolina tothtr than Ueled above)

Thm Montha ........ | COO

01* Montha ..... <,,* TSO

On* Year . ...... 14JI

Ail Other OuUldc North Oerollne '

Three Months .............. 9 4J|

Bla Months .................................

One rut ..................................

MEMBER AB90CTATED PRB99 The Aasodited Fraae la taeluaivaiy entitled to use for pubiicaOde elJ news dispatches credited to it oi not otherwise credited to thh peper and eJso the local news ptfalUhed herein All rlghta M publication of epeclal dlspatchas here are also rteervd.

NATIONAL AOVBRTUINQ RCPREABNTATIVBE rbooMf f Clarfe On inc., New York Chicago Atlanta Memha Audit Bureeu of Clrtulatkm

All advcrtlstng copy^muat be received at least one day OCllNA,.,

It i*. evident, therefore, that from the combination of increased biuinesa activity during the month of September and from the increase of the broadened base oi the three per cent gales tax, the state realized

considerably more In revenue during the month of September this year than was the case last year.

Fluctuating business conditions in subsequent months of the current fiscal year could change the present trend of much higher sales tx collections by the state, but the first months of this fiscal year, the state seems to be more than meeting the revenue estimates made by the legislature for this particular category of its income.

It at least holds out that the state may find at the end of this fiscal yearand perhaps at the end of the current biennium it has accumulated a comfortable surplus that can be wisely used. It holds out the hope that the state may also find that it;^ will need no further upward adjustment in its tax structure in future years in spite of the growing needs of a growing North Carolina.

Rates Compare Well With Others Charges

Rates for the new sewer charges in Greenville adopted by the local Utilities Commission this week appear reasonable in view of the increased cost of operating the citys sewer facilities when the new disposal plant is put into operation early next week.

The new rates will mean that utilities customers will pay a sewer charge of 50 per cent of their water bill with domestic customers paying a minimum of 76 cents per month and a maximum of $1.50 per month. For commercial customers the charge, range upward from a minimum of $1 per month.

These rates, while they will represent an increase in what local residents pay for their utilities each month, compare favorably with similar rates of most ouier comparable communities in North Carolina which operate sewage disposal plants. One reason for this, of course, is that there will be no debt service levy necessary for the hew sewage disposal plant in Greenville becau.se the Utilities Commission was able to construct the plant out of funds that have been earmarked over a period of years for the facility.

Practically every other community which has built a sewage disposal plant has had to finance such facilitiesranging upward from a million dollars in most casesby issuing bonds.

It will, of course, cost more to operate the plant than to dump the sewage of the city into the river as has been done for generations, but the city has been faced with a situation where state stream sanitation regulations for Tar River required con.struction of the plant. In addition to providing the city with a more sanitary method of disposing of its waste, this new plant, along with those of other cities along the Tar, will assure a better, cleaner river that will be an asset to the entire area.

In spite of the fact that the monthly budget of every family in Greenville will be affected by the new charges, it will prove a good investment for the citizen* of the city.

:ffort To Menc, Strained Fences

( t

By JAMES MARLOW

WASHINGTON (AP) President Kennedys quick trip to Latin America this week a goodwill mission Is one more effort to mend fences in an area where the United States has oflea acted like a bull.

It may shock many people In this country, when Latin Americans riot against the Unitr ed States, to realize not everyone loves US.

But the U. S. record in dealing with republics to the south has been less than Ideal. It ha.s been many things, not *11 of them nice. It has been indifferent. arrogant, unbearable, kind and forgetful.

President Monroes doctrine In 1823 that European power* must keep hands off Latin America wasnt always as real as It was high-sounding.

European powers didnt keep hand.s off. Some, iu fact, moved in and grabbed teiTitor>. The United States, despite the doctrine, didnt move In to throw them out by force.

In short, for most of the last century this country wasnt overly Interested, There was contempt on both sides. The cultures were different, one largely Prote.stant and Anglo-Saxon, the other Catholic and Spanish.

In. this country, Pre.sident Theodore Roosevelt, speaking more contemptJiously than anv president of his southern neighbors, not only Interpreted the Monroe Doctrine as a stay out of Latin American order order to Europeans but as a license for the United.States to butt In.

And It did, more than just a few time*. For example: Amer-*' lean Marines were sent into Nicaragua under President Taft and Into Haiti and the Dominican Republic under President Wilson. They stayed for years.

The United States finally got self-conscious under President Harding who tried to repair some of the damage, put It was

under President Franklin D. Roosevelts good neighbor policy that the relationship between the Americas entered a new era aimed at cooperation and good will.

Still, there were ups and downs even in Roosevelts time although it was in this period that the United States shoveled money and other help into Latin rlca.

Fighf TB

Amerl

After World War n, when . communism became a menace in Europe and Asia, the United States pumped money into both areas. In comparison it fed only driblets into Latin America.

South Americans felt neglected and showed It with suspicion and in time anti-American demonstration. They have resented the help given by the United States to Latin American dictators, help which enabled them to stay In the saddle.

Through the last 90 year.s or so there have been a number of Inter-American conferences to - establish better hemisphere relations.

The United State* under President Elsenhower, while not directly intervening. Interfered in Guatemala In such a way that Its government was overthrown and one more pleasing to this country was established.

Under the Kennedy administration, Washington backed a rebel invai^on of Fidel Castros Cuba. It also put war.ships off the Dominican Republics coast to discourage the return of a dictatorship there.

Anverlcans perhaps can. or can try to. justify some of the tactics of the U.8. government in the pa.st. For some they cant at least not on the grounds of being a good neighbor. ^

Unlerst.andlng this makes It easier to under.stand why there is some anti-American feeling in Latin America,

Kenneclv, with his program of Alliance for Progrcs.;. is trying hard now to create a better and new relatlonahlp.

Opinions

In Brie:

When tha white man discovered this country, the in-> dlans were running it There were no taxea. There was no debt. The women did nil the work . . And the whit# man thought be could improve on * lyatem like thetlBixiokfield (N.V.) Courier.

By HENRY HOWARD ;

3ustling Time Of Year

Its that busy season again and, par for the course, whenever people begin to really bustle they take their cars with them.

Of course U goes on the year 'round, but during the days of December before Christmas every year everything seems a little more urgent. People have a way of rushing just, a little bit harder and, with their automobiles, taking a few more chances.

Christmas secnvs to be the highlight of many a persons year. Its the season when a feverish rush to the climax Christmas Eve and Christmas Dayis Just about universal.

Around Greenville for instance, by watching any one street corner for 15 or 20 minutes, Its easy to count a dozen or more dlscourte.sles of drivers and pedestrians that perhaps would not have occurred without the rush.

Of course a most serious thought in connection with this situation is the possibility that Innocent drivers or pedestrians could be hurt or possibly even killed In the rush. Thats always the most serious threat.

But a secondary problem: In

many instances the auto and pedestrian traffic Is so clogged by numbers that the whole deal

is slowed to a snail's pace." Its" quite Irritating to be in the midst of such, but Uie inability to iuQy execute the intended rush is perhaps the greatest blessing.

With everybody In a hurry If there was ample room to actually travel at that break-neck speedIt could hardly be surprising if everybody was injured in one way or another.

What it all boils down to, apparently, is that the Christmastime traffic snarls act ai the check-point on hustling people obsessed with the holiday mood. While extremely Irritating to the individual, the bogged-down situation is perhaps a valuable life-saver.

Speaking of traffic, people around OreenVUle seem to be destined to see a lot more of it within about three years.

The Chesapeake Bay Bridge-Tunnel Commission this week sent out news media packets de^ribing the plans for a massive 17-mile project that will carry US Highway 13 over and under the mouth of the Chesapeake Bay.

With completion of the tremendous project scheduled for 1964, the Eastern North Carolina area can expect a noticeable

Public Forum

TO THE EDITOR

Make no mistake about It, local self-government, or home rule as it is otherwise sometimes known, is gradually vanishing from the American scene. And with it is disappearing some of the boasted liberties with which citizens of this country have traditionally been blessed.

Municipal and county government is giving in to the State and the State to centralized control from Washington. Who is responsible? All of us are who assent to these inroads of power hungry bureaucrats. When ultimately Washington gets the noose around our necks, there will be little difference from what they have In Soviet Russia and .elsewhere. Along with these restraints will come, too, the tyrannies of rule from

above, not from the grass

roots.

Tjie message carried In the above paragraphs, which ap

peared on the editorial page of the Friday edition of The Daily Reflector, is clear and its warning sound.-. .Americans, you are losing your Individual freedoms. Wake up! Halt this'trend before you are buried by it!

You can understand my concern, when on the same page, 1

read the following editorial from which I quote excerpts: Tobacco grower* of this and other counties wip collectively decide at the polls on Tuesday whether marketing quotas and the government support program for flue-cured tobacco will be continued for another three year*.

The Reflector has previously urged tobacco growers of this County to vote in favor of continuing the marketing quotas which have meant so much to the economy of this area, and to the economy so far fus growers are concerned J^oughout the tobacco producing^ region. 1 make no argument with the previous economic benefits derived from marketing quotas and the government support program. But could these . same benefits not be made by farmers who grew and sol^^ tobacco with the natural operation of the free market as Its control? The issue at stake in Tuesdays election is far reaching and still basic: do we salvage our Constitutional right of home rule, or take another step toward .bureaucratic "Strong Government, Weak State, extinct individualism?

Sincerely.

Charles w. Allen Greenville

Quote

When your past returns to view,

It will sometimes clobber you.

The Atlanta Journal.

increase In north-south traffle flow.

The bridge-tunnel project will serve to replace a ferry system over the same body of water that required more time than many north-south traveler* could spare.

A more direct continuous motor route Into the north, that Just happens to extend southward through Greenville, is a sure bet to bring increased traffic and thereby more comnler-clal activity to the area.

Strength For Today

By EARL L.* DOUGLASS LISTENI.NO TO TRUTH

We are a generation of activists. We want to get things done. There has never been a time when more things needed to be done than right now and never a time when men were better prepared to do these things.

To be an activist living In a free country In the midst of the 20th century is a privilege of such great magnitude that words cannot* describe It. Activism, how'ever, is not the whole answer to living.

Jesus loved to visit the home of Mary, Martha, and Lazarus. On one occasion when he visited this home Mary knelt down at the feet of Jesus and listened to his words. Martha, on the other hand, went to work to prepare a sumptuous meal for their distinguished guest. And Martha was irritated at what appeared to her to be Marys lassitude and Indifference.,.. Lord. she said to Jesus in an annoyed tWne of voice, dost thou not care that my sister has left me to serve alone? Bid her therefore that she help me. And the answer Jesus gave was a combination of wisdom and love. Martha, Martha. he said (and we can Imagine his smiling as he did so), thou art careful and troubled by many things, but one thing is needful and Mary hath chosen that good part which shall not be taken away from her. (Luke 10:40-42).

A Kociety dominated by activists is * thrilling society in which to live, but it does not have all the truth by any means. Let us sit not only at the feet of -Jesus but at the feet of thfe worlds great seers and listen to imperishable truth.

Social

Problem

%

In Jobs

' By OEOBGE E. 80K0LSKY Copyright, 1961, King Features Syndicate, Inc.

The principal social problem that faces the United States these days Is Jobs. This affects foreign relations as well as internal problems.

For instancy the trade between Japan ^nd the United States has many ramifications. Prior to World War II, Japans economy was based upon an economic triangle, namely, Japan sold silk to the United States, bought cotton from the United States, manufactured both silk and cotton goods which were sold principally in China but also in other parts of South East Asia and in Africa.

Today, this triangle is smashed and Japan has to find another means to make purchases in the United States and other countries. The United States is particularly concerned that Japan should not become s6 absorbed with the trade of Red China and Siberia as to shift from a pro-American country to a Red Curtain country. To achieve this program, Japan must sell increasing quantities of

goods in the United States. This affects many commodities

which have been manufactured in this country but which the

Japanese can manufacture

more cheaply than we can.

This leads to a. serious economic conflict, particularly as It applies to knitwear, ceramics,, transistor products, etc. On the other hand, the purchase of American goods by Japanese is constantly increasing. Similarly whereas the produce of the Common Market is sharply affecting the sale of American goods in European and Asiatic markets, American good* are outselling any other countrys commodities. Certain products have been hit hard by the Common Market. but American sales have continue# to be high.

Nevertheless, the Job problem continues to mount in this country. The answer* are not easy to find. Automation Is often given as the reason for the decline in employment but there is nothing new or different in automation. It is an IndiLstrlal process that has been continuous throughout and since the Industrial Revolution.

What does automation mean? Simply stated. It is the application of automatic processes to the production of goods. Actually. the cost of production cannot be reduced merely by automation. The cost of taxation, the value of currency, the interest rate' are all factors In price. It is true that a-ages are an important factor In the formation of price, but as already indicated, no one factor is exclusive. When all the factors are considered, the conclusion must be reachedvthat the, number of jobs available are likely to decrease even though the quantities of goods produced and services used are liable to Increase. In any calculation of jobs we have to consider that unemployment cannot be measured simply by the statistical figure or the number of workers employed, but by the hours of employment.

For instance, a 10 hour week employment is inadequate to keep a family going at present retail prices, To unemployment figures, therefore, must be added partial employment figures.

The individual who is partially employed, spends part of his time looking for a job which he does not find because it does not exist. He therefore lives yi permanent discouragement. Families that are affected by such conditions are liable to be as unsatisfactory as broken families. The children are dissatisfied and to a degree frightened by the dissatisfaction of the parents.

The employer is liable to say, quite correctly, that it Is his function to produce goods for a profit and that he cannot 'ay in business as an eleemosynary institution. Nevertheless, he could not long stay in business at all If increasing workers were unemployed and incapable of buying commodities.

The issue cannot be dodged on the assumption that the capitalistic system accepts no so-social responsibilities. This has never been true of the capitalist system. It has always accepted very weighty responsibilities for Its workers. In the earliest day.s of the apprenticeship system, the capitalist system assumed heavy responsibilities for its workers: in Japan, for Instance, such responsibilities ex-(Continued on page six)

Some Changes Due January

Uso Christmas Stals

. If you have money to -burn, you can taka It wUh you.** RehobbUi Beach (Del.) prea*.

By ELMER R0ES8NER Important buslne.ss reminders: Slower paasporta: After January 1, it will take three weeks Instead of three days to get passports because of the 10 per cent cut in State Department personnel ordered by President .Kennedy. If youll need a passport in 1962. apply immediately!

.Sodal Security tax rate Jump Jan. 1. It goes from three per cent to 3 1-8 per cetit on first $4.800 for employers and for employees. Check payroll department to make sure machinery is ready to deduct higher rate and to pay Treasury both employeM and company'* share, and prepare employees so they will understand why paychecks shrink.

Only Iwo Rcraonal tax forms will be uaed in 1962. They arc the familiar Form 1040. considerably simplified, and punch-card from 1040A. 'nie buff *%at# earners forjn 1040W ha* been discontinued.

Round out dollar* In tax form*. If you wont. Despite lack of mention In tax iostnietlone, the

Internal Revenue Service will accept whole-dollar accounting In reporting income for taxes. In this system, figures from 1 to 49 cents are dropped; from .'W) to 99 cents cdunt as the next buck. There is no saving but there is in accounting timt.

IE YOU CANt LICK 'EM, THEN JOIN'THEM The National Appliance Radio-TV Dealer* Association is working on a plan whereby member retailer* can work out cash-reg-Ister tape plan* with independent supermarkets.

Appliance retailers have been tossed into a tizzy because large appliance dealers, led by Phll-co, have set up plans by which supermarket shoppers' tap* can be used as partltl monthly payments for appliances, through selected dealers.

Small retailers fear that house-wlVM will reftwe *to buy their wart*, hoping to get them for little or nothing through the upe plans.

The situation poses a problem for the Ford Motor Co.,

which is in the process of taking over PhUco. The tape plans appear to iTave given a great stimulus to Phllco sales. But if it arouses the anger of the tens of thousands of dealers outside the pian, and they expres.s their displeasure by downgrading Ford products, the Ford empire would seem to be bowling at a sticky wicket.

insisted on washing his mouth out with bourbon after each test.

FAN TANN JUDGF^

BEST NEW BRINK

S. G. Mayes, Jr.. a San Pedro, Calif., bartender, won the sixth annual National Mixed Drink Competition with a concoction , he called the Fan Tann. It consists of 1 ouMe of bourbon, 1 ounce of cof* liquer, ounce of creme de cacao, tnd 1 ounc* cowa cream.

More thag 5,000 recipe* were submitted in the contest staged by the American Society of Bar Master*, a captive orgauizaUon of th^ Early Times distillery.

At the finals in New York, Judge Elmer Roesaner complained that all of the 27 drinks submitted were too sweet, tod

BIG SHOTS CONSTELLATE IN NEW FINANCE COMPANY The Small Business Administration has licensed the Capital Growth Corp. of America as a small business Investment com pany, enabling it to use government funds as well as its own. The head of the company is General Nathan F. Twining, USAP retired, former chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff; C. Robert Mathis, senior partner in the btgshot law firm of Davies. Rlchberg, Tydings, Ltnda it Duff; and other officer* Include Laurie C. little, former Alabama Congresgman; Dan A. Kimball, former Secretary of tjie Navy; James T. Welch, a partner In the Davies law firm; J. mmtt Judge, of Ford Motor Co.; Claude 8. Lawson, of U.S. Pipe and Foundry, and Colin H. Weir, investment man-am. The $310.058 atarting capital has been privately subscribed. '