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Friday, December 1, 19P1

Wm The U.S. Have Closed Gap?

Whn the United States carries out its anticipated V the United SUtes put us in a posiUon to leap-frog man-in-orbit flight within the next few weeks, will our space advancement and toke over the lead from

'it mark the point at which we have caught up with the Soviets^. 4.u ' * -n u

. the Russian space accomplishments? Many opinions on these questions will be expre^

^11 aa.- : a .v.KUol ed in the weeks preceding the iirst attempt by the

Successfully putting a u.S. to put a man into orbital flight, and ethers-will

about the earth and bringing him back safely is a feat ,^ P Looking at the broad picture,

tne ^viete accomplished several ago to gain ^^uld hazard the opiniim that technolog-

another first in the space-age cal and scientific progress made by the United States

however, they have carried out no similar.expe^ program the past couple of years is put-

or at least none of ^ ^ ting us in the position to take oyer the lead in the

the same period the United States ''Tint. space race. We would venture the further opinion that

many space experiment, tL next 18 months will see the United States record

satellites, making nrobes accomplishments which will clearly indicate that this

orbital flight and continuing other space probes. ,3, become the pace-setter in space expert-

Since the space age was officially ushered in with the successful orbiting of Sputnik I by the Soviets in

1958. the United States has put into orbit many more __ 1 ^

satellites than our opponents and we have likewise W Qf 0 ,11113OFtClIlX XO X IlG

pat into orbit a much broader variety of satellites. In

the opinion of the experts, both here and abroad, the H

scientific satellites of the United States are far more yy JlOiG 1 ODQCCO /irCCl

refined than those of the Soviets and are viewed as

being of considerably greater value from a scientific When flue-cured tobacco growers go to the polls standpoint. oh December 12 to decide whether to continue federal

In only one outstanding fieldthat of the size of control on their production for three more years they satellites or space Capsuleshas the Soviet Union con- ^ji ^Iso be making a decision which will have an sistently out-done the United States. important impact on a broad area of North Carolina.

Is it a sound conclusion, therefore, that the United acreage control and price support for to-

States is closing the gap which many have said existed bacco has operated successfully since it was inaugu-between its space program and that of the Soviet and it has meant literally millions of dollars in

Union? Will the successful manned orbit put into space sockets of farmers throughout the tobacco producing region. It has likewise meant a stabilized market for farm production, equitable prices for growers and far better economic conditions for tobacco farmers than they knew before the program began.

It is important to the future of tobacco farmers

and to the areas in which tobacco is an important

crop that the acreage control and price support programs be continued. If this is to be done, it is required that two-thirds of the farmers going to the polls for mirtSl by"uve5u he referendum on December 12 vote in favor of con-court Judges. The commitment timujig the program for another three years.

Is not CM* a peciic term, but Recognizing the general acceptance of the pro-

safe *to*^re?e2e^^^^ gram by farmers, and also being aware of the com-chargeand that often depends fortable margins by which the program has been upon finding decent surround- endorsed in past referendums, some farmers might

Srproblem ^111 be tempted to leave to the other fellow the matter of schools is the mentaUy retarded voting in the referendum. In view of the requirement or low IQ pupil. Another is the that the program be approved by two-thirds of those

loi^wZ jSrian? b rdtorrild voting, this could be a dangerous course for any farmer rehabUitated. er to follow.

Rep. Clyde Harrias of Rowan, The Reflector urges those Pitt County citizens

Smi8Sion*'*from*iw^^ eligible to vote in the December 12 referendum to 1961, urged the administrators make every effort to get to the polls on that day. We of the schools to take their prob- likewise urge them to vote for continuing the program

k!! wHich has meant so much to Pitt as the largest tobacco

explain how the commitment of , . ^ - .t x*

a moron, who could not respond producing county in the nation, to training or a vicious criml-

Club for Careless Drivers

QAUFV

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Closer Watch On The Pennies

w

Vou ^ i

By LYNN NISBET

BELT-TIGHTENING Governor Sanford devoted a good part of his news conference this week to discussion of ways and means to tighten the budgetary belts on State spending. Every indication Is that pennies will be watched more closely during the next two or three years. That admittedly is one dividend from the recent bond elecUon. Many of the administrative and legislative leaders realize that the vote against the bonds, involving many really urgent needs, was to considerable extent a protest against the plush and frills.

with that in mind the Governor, as chief executive, has warned department heads to scrutinize very closely the items in their **A budgetsthe appropriations for continuing service at current levels. As director of the budget he has Instructed the Advisory Budget Commission to give most careful study to these itenus in every department and institution with a view to determining which if any might be curtailed or abandoned without serious hurt to public good.

Discreet use of a pruning knife can save as much as six to eight million dollars a year In this area, the Governor thinks. Meantime methods to meet the immediate needs at colleges and hospitals are being studied. The approach here is chiefly in the direction of doubling up, of making fuller utilization of all available space for essential purposes. even at the expense of sacrificing convenience and maximum efficiency. P\iller use of private homes for college students and to less degree for mental hospital patients is recommended. Out - patient treatment in some cases Is more effective than in hospital service.

CORRECTIONAL - The Gov-, emor sees perhaps the most urgent need in the field of correctional schools for juvenile delinquents, All of these institutions are overcrowded now. and It is accepted fact among those most interested in the program that overcrowding tends to defeat the very purpose for which the boy or girl was committed.

CO-OPERATION-It seems apparent that the situation could be relieved In several areas by closer cooperation and coordination of activity among the several agencies affected. Here a.s in other places more money will help, but money alone is not the answer.

Take the case of the correctional schools, to which children

By PATRICIA MOORE"

Larly Christnjas Spirit

nal, who would not conform to discipline, upset the whole school program. Juvenile judges for the most part have failed to understand and cooperate with the training schoolsjust as recorder and superior court judges have too often ignored the probation system.

There is real need for review of the dollar budgets. There is almost as much need for review of the time and energy budgets which affect agency and institutional operations.

HIGHWAYS Governor Sanford is not at all bothered by the criticism of some members of the highway commission filing for per diem pay for every work day in the month. When this criticism was called to his attention he almost bristled, and said he Is happy to have the caliber of men on the highway commission, that he was glad they are devoting time to the job, and he urged them to spend more time at it. The State la getting a great bargain in the small per diem of $7 a day paid for their services, he. said. He is sure every one of them is losing money by serving on the commission.

Very few people will challenge that statement. The 17 per diem is ridiculous. Men of that caliber ought to be paid for their time or ought to be expected to donate it to public service. What a lot of little folks do not quite understand Is how a commissioner can draw a full days pay for what is often just a few minutes work.

Sure that is a little thing. But North Carolina is made up of a lot of little people whose daily routine dealing is with little thingssuch as three pennies sales tax or seven pennies gas tax.__

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He Has T alking

By JAMES MARLOW WASHINGTON (AP) President Kennedy, an admirer of President Theodore Roosevelts policy of soft talk with a big stick, is beginning to follow it in foreign affairs from Asia and Europe to Latin America.

Kenedy. since becoming President, has never stated this as his policy in so many worcDs. It seems to have developed slowly, and emerged into view slowly, as crises piled up on him. But he has made it clear by action.

For example: In the military buildup after the Berlin crisis began: the nudge to Premier Khrushchev not to begin a war he couldnt win; pressure' on the Vietnamese government to start reforms; use of the Navy to stop a Latln-American revolt, Kennedy, during the second TV debate with Vice President Richard M. Nlxon*^ta the 1960 presidential campaign said "in my Judgment we should follow the advice of Theodore Roosevelt: be strong, maintain a

strong position but speak softly. What Roosevelt actually said he said It repeatedly, as governor of New York and later as president was "speak softly nnd carry a big stick. You will rt far, He also warned against boasting that Isnt backed up.

Kennedy had to learn that the hard way and, as further events showed, like a rpan gradually feeling his way toward a .fixed pasition.

On April 20. three days after anti-Castro rebels tried to invade Cuba with American help but were stopped cold, Kennedy said the United States would "not hesitate fo act against communism in Cuba to protect Its own security.

But when the crunch came when the rebels were being slaughtered on the beaches~he not only didnt Intervene, he did not even give them American military suport. The failure was a collassal American embarrassment. ,

Just because this whole episode was .so half-baked, It seems

'Stick':

Softly

safe to say neither Kennedy nor his advisers had thought their way through at that time to a policy they followed later, the Roosevelt policy.

Then came Khrushchevs threats on Berlin. Kennedy responded to that with a military buildup. In terms of manpower it was more psychological than practical since only 153,-000 men were added to the armed forces. The real stick was in warning Khrushchev not to push his luck. Still, Kennedy didnt get belligerent.

Then came South Viet Nam where the Communists, by terror and persuasion, are taking over more and more of the country which is extremely poor but is run by President Ngo Dinh Diem and his family like a dictatorship.

This countiT is pouring aid into Viet Nam. Unless there are reforms giving the peasants some tangible reason for not accepting communism pacifically it seems certain the country will go down the drain.

Kennedy didnt say anything about U. S, pressure on the Vietnamese government to begin reforms. But in the past wek the govemmenUcontroUed press there began to complain about American pressure.

At his new's conference Wednesday. after being asked about it, Kennedy made it clear this country is InsLsting on reforms. Still, he phrased it so mildly that it avoided direct humiliation for the Vietnamese government.

Last weekend, without uttering a word or threat. Kennedy acted tougher than he has in any other situation. This was by intervening in the affairs of the Dominican Republic.

There the family of the slain dictator, Rafael Trujillo, was rumored ready to try to re-estab-ILsh the dictatorship. Secretary of Slate Dean Rusk unexpectedly said the United States would not sit idly by and let It happen

The next day U. S. war.ships Continued on Page 6)

Today we are faced with Christmas at every hand. No matter which way we turn, its upon us.

You might as well give in. If you wait to get the real Christmas spirit to do your shopping, .all the choice presents will be gone. Why, in two weeks, the selection in stores will have been somewhat thinned out by anxious family Santa Clauses.

If you wait until the day before Christmas, youll really be out of luck. We know one gentleman who already has all his gifts wrapped up and ready to go. We have already received some of our packages in the mail.

Now the lure of the fresh decorations and the promise of new fangled gift ideas lures the

shopper into the stores, wH^e he is so overcome he-^^eWr wait for tomorrow, he buys^to-day.

If you dont join 'in all the fun, youll miss the Christmas parades, which already have started in Pitt County, not to speak of in the larger cities.

Christmas decorations everywhere, Christmas money scattered about, and cold weather . to boot.

Already we have heard of some astronomical gift suggestions, such as a permanent, lifelong pocket lapel flashlight-just what any person would want; and fabulous coats lined in mink. You see, so many people have the mink showing now that you can outdo the Joneses by buying a -plain coat with

Other Editors Saying... Health Plan For Draftees

(Rocky Mount Telegram)

Secretary of Welfare Rlbicoff has announced a plan that could go a long way toward improving the health of many young men who fail to pass their draft exams for physical or mental reasons. Selective Service officials point out that about 50 per cent of draft registrants are being rejected on physical and mental grounds. That is a disturbing figure. .

The plan as worked out by the Federal Interdepartmental Committee on Children and Youth, would guide the rejectees to places where their health could be improved. There is no active federal role in the plan, thereby making it an acceptable program, since the projects will be under the direct administration of either the local or state health departments concerned.

For some years cases of tuberculosis and venereal diseases have been referred to health departments in order to protect the community from these communicable diseases. Yet nothing has been done about medical rejectees who need help with a wide variety of problems. The key element in the plan would be the stationing of state or local health department personnel at armed forces examining stations. They would counsel Selective Service registrants who fail to meet the medical standards. and where possible wotrid refer them to the rejectees private physician.

Whenever this is not possible the rejectee would be referred to community health facilities where he can receive appropri

ate help. It has been emphasized by Ribicoff that this is an entirely voluntary program, but a follow-up program is contemplated in order to learn the extent of response by the rejectees themselves.

The project expects to reveal two basic categories of rejectees; first, those whose physical or mental disabilities are discovered for the first time, these are the young men who have not received prior screening and have been unaware of a debilitating condition. In this respect the program can obviously accomplish a great deal of good merely by pointing out to these unsuspecting registrants the nature of their unknown ailments, and giving them an opportunity to correct them.

Second, those who are aware of a disability but either have not had prior treatment or have permitted treatment to lapse. Encouragement here could have some effect in getting such treatment resumed. One of the benefits the government could realize from such a program would be the successful induction of some of these men Into the armed forces after a period of treatment. Not all would pass the second time around, but some possibly could.

The program is deserving of support; it will be of tremendous benefit to the young men involved and could help the government in determing why so many young Americans cannot pass the physical and mental standards set by the armed services.

mink lining. Well, Its & thought.

One other Interesting suggestion is round playing cards. We have played with these before, but they arent the commonly accepted thing at the bridge table. The little sidebar with the cards covered this subject, too, by saying that bridge players grumble at first but eventually are won over to the round cards.

Well, we dont plan to try that anytime soon.

Every holiday season we get the publication of "Bike News" here which uually is about making bike trip plans early for such-and-such a holiday. This is because the highways will be flooded with bio&xljsts talng holiday trips.

This week we got a surprise. No trips.

Nope, the concentration Is on bikes for Christmas gifts. For young children, teenagers and bike crazed college students, the bulletin says. And more adults are riding the circuits now than ever before, for recreation, relaxation (we bet) and reducing.

You can wrap the bikes lots of ways. We wont go into all that now.

Wed say one of the most Important things to be done on any Christmas agenda ' is the purchasing, wrapping and distribution of gifts for people, to insure a peaceful and in most instances a rewarding holiday season. Theres pleasure in giving, is the old standby. But the merchants like the pleasure of buying and selling mixed in.

Opinions In Brief

"A liberal Is a guy who thinks the world owes him a living a conservative knows the world owes him a living, but he also knows he has to work like the devil to collect.Farmingdale (NJ) Booster.

"Government statistics show concern over the fact that 25 per cent of American families live beyond their incomes. Look whos talking! West Va., Falem Herald.

"The whole traffic solution in the country today lies in the use of railroads. Still, however, those in authority are blind to this actual fact, and have been for years. Altoona (Pa.) Mirror.

Able Men In

Cabinet

By GEORGE E. 80K0LSKY

Copyright, 1961, King Fegturea SyndiOAte, Inc. Theoretically, the American Cabinet does not oonsict of ministers of state. Rather, its mem-bers are secretaries to the Pres-, ident. The difference is that a minister is a political personality in his own right; a Secretary ts an assistant to the President. For instance, every British or French Minister is elected to Parliament and is chosen not'only for whatever administrative ability he may possess but also because of his political signiflcance; no member of the American Cabinet is elected to any office, his appoints ment being solely to the Presidents wish and choice.

Members of the British or French Cabinets have political status of greater or lesser significance. members of the American Cabinet may be mi of major political significance as El-ihu Root or William Jennings Bryan were or they may be totally unknown to the American people as most of President Kennedys Cabinet la. George Washingtons Cabinet consisted of the leading men of the country; Abraham Lincolns consisted of men who were, at the beginning of his term, politically superior to him. Woodrow Wilson had a hard-working Cabinet of distinguished naen. President Harding, with two exceptions, had one of the most competent Cabinets of recent years.

President Kennedy apparently sought men of administrative ability but without poUtical stature. His chief Cabinet officer, the Secretary of State, Howard Rusk, had served In thq State Department in the Truman Administration and had been the head of the Rockefeller Foundations. In the Truman Administration he was not particularly notable. To assist him. President Kennedy appointed a galaxy of talent, including a former candidate for the Presidency, Adlai Steveoson.

' thre former governors, Chester Bowles, "Soapy Williams and Averell Harriman, and a number of academic experts.

The State Department "whlch suffers from a conflict between Presidential appointees and the permanent deskmcn, is always in a state <rf confusion. President Eisenhower appointed Herbert Hoover, Jr., to straight en out the situation, but he failed because the deskmen are like a labor union, or perhaps a college fraternity might be a better example. They sabotage their chiefs as a matter of practice and fail to accept policy as it comes down to them from the White House. None of the deskmen can be dismissed. The Chiban fiasco is a disastrous example of how evil the deskmen system is.

The Secretary of the Treasury, Clarence Dillon, was in the State Department and before that he was a banker. He is undoubtedly a csq>able administrator but whether he possesses beratith of view, imagination and economic foresight is yet to be discovered. His father, Clarence Dillon, was one of the cleverest men in Wall Street. On the whole, it can be said that Dillon knows what a dollar is and understands what should be done about it. He ought to make a competent Secretary of the Treasury and the minor appointment in that office are not unsatisfactory, although there is no Ogden Mills or Arthus Bal-lantine in this outflt.

It Is generally held that the Secretary of Defense, Robert S. McNamara, Is the most corn;!^ tent administrator in tha^ government. He came to It tfom the Ford Company. He lact political smoothness and flness which are essential for any official.

His handling of. the Walker Case was amateurish, l>ut that was to have been expected from a businessman in public Hie. When McNamara learns how to operate politically as well as administratively, he will become a toivnotch public official.

Robert F. Kennedy, the Attorney General, is an all-round competent Cabinet officer and thus far has made no serious mistakes. He Is politically astute, has a broad understanding of American history and acts as a defense for his brother. He will emerge as the 'leader in the Cabinet as he may become (Continued on Page 6)

Fighting A Credit Card Ruling

Strength For Today

By EARL L. DOltH.A.SS LOOK AT THE FACT.S

"Total abstinence is a puritanical notion held only by people who are bigoted, intolerant, and unreasonably strict a.s regards moral standards." This is a sentiment often expressed. But let u.S examine the evidence.

Certainly everyone would say that four of the greatest men produced in American history were Abraham Lincoln. Robert E. Lee, Thomas A. Edison, and Henry Ford. These man were not bigots, intolerant, or unreasonable, yet these four men were themselves total abstainers as regards alcoholic beverage and recommended the same procedure to others. Edison on .one occasion declared that he would as soon think of putting and into the bearings of an engine as to think of putting alcohol into his system.

It was one thing to drink liquor moderately in the old day.s when life was simple and uncomplicated as compared wtth pre.?ent day life. But there are fifty n I Ilion automobiles on the highways of the United Slates today. A few more than one hundred persons are killed on the highways of the U. S. every day. and In the case of one hall of these liquor Is in some way Involved.' It is not always the primary cause of the tragedy, , but it is involved In the tragedy. Nineteen thousand deaths a year In which alcohol is an Important factor makes drinking In this present mechanized world of ours a factor of unprecedented danger.

To say all this U not to

Ea> judgement unon anyone, lit simply to face facts as they rise up before us out of a sit-. ustlon which 1* frequently agonising and ghastly.

By ELMER ROESSNER

Aulines and credit card companies are fiUng exceptions to a finding by a Civil Aeronautics Board examiner that the use of credit cards for plane tickets is illegal. In addition, their attorneys are massing In Washington in an effort to get the CAB to refuse to accept the ruling.

And if the CAB does, its an odds-on probability that they will mass their lobbying next year in a campaign for Congresional action lo make credit flights legal.

Although the ruling'does not affect commLsfilons paid to travel agencies, the agents are fearful that the legal principal involved might be extended to them at some future time. FREE CREDIT *

.HELD UNFAIR

The examiner, Ralph L. Wiser. held that the Universal Air Travel Plan operated by the airlines and that other credlU card plansDiner's Club. American Express and HlHonwere Uleaal.

He found that the Universal plan was illegiJ bccg^ It re

quires credit customers to keep $425 deposits. His decision In-llnes without Interest. The airlines are getting something for nothingthe use of thousands of $425 deposits. His decisotri n-dlcated this would be legal if the airlines paid 5 per cent interest on the amount. He al.so concluded that' the airlines should charge Interest for the time they waited for their money.

His findings on the credit cards was ba.sed on a different, though related, theory. He found that credit is a thing of value, and if the airlines are extending It to card-carrlera, they are giving them something they do not give cash customers.

He also found that the airlines out for collection" and "self-tickcting" plans, similar to charge acounts, also gave unpald-for credit to customers benefUfd.

HOfTTRAVEL

AGENCIES FIGURE i*

This was quite a kick In the pants for the airlines at a time when most of them are trying everything to increase the num-ber of passengers so they can pay off coats of jet and other

new planes.

Paying travel agents commissions on tickets sold has long been an accepted practice in the economy. Airline commissions are lower than those of other forms of transportation, hotels and other travel facilities. but they keep many agencies surviving.

Many of these agencies extend credit to their customers, or charge expenditures on their behalf against deposits, as with the Universal plan.

If Wisers ruling is accectfid by the CAB. will it not also hive to decree that travel agencies, too, cannot extend credit without paying for it, or hold deposits without paying Interest?

But the Wiser findings go deeper than that.

WHAT TRAVEL AGENCIES DO

Travel agencies give service to their client. If you fly for a week in Parisf a travel agency will get your ticket, make your hotel reservation and, if you wish, get you good seats at the Folies Bergerc. It collects a percentage all around.

But If you do It yourself, you must phone, write or visit a

number of airlines to get the reservations you want; you may have to fend for yourself to get a hotel reservation and see the shows you want. In the end. you may sleep down the hall, and see only those shows that require no tickets: the Flea Market and the pre-dawn produce market at Les Hallee.

The alrlinee only part in this is giving commistioDS to travel agencies. But if they cant legally pay fees to credit card companies for <ms kind'of service, can they pay fees to travel agents for another Und?

The answer, at the moment, is up to the CAB.

BANKING PAYS BETTER THAN PAINTING

Interest compounds faster than youor your reporter thinks. A few days ago he wrote that if Rembrandt Invested the BOO florins he got in 1653 for "Aristotle Contemplating the Bust of Homer," at 6 5pe^ cent interest compounded aimuaUy. the sum would be $3.5 nBon today. A math shark reports this calculatlon is far ott; that the total would be in excesa of $26 billion (billion not million) today.