Friday, November 17, 1961

U Thant Actually Sought The Job!

The multitude of problemspast, present and ence who are caught\p in their own handiwork, future^inherent in the Congo, are back in the United Theres another angle.

Nations lap; and hotter than ever. While token military units of the United Nations

Rebellious Katanga Province is only one of the were asked for (by Congo) to restore order and reproblems, but as of today it appears the most urgent, solve some of the chaos, the presence of this really

Obser\'ers have concluded the central govemmenf inadequate police force has proved embarrassing to cannot function without the resources of secessionist the Congo government and there have been strained Katanga. And Katanga wont play ball. relations as Well as occasional clashes between UN

Question: Is it the United Nations responsibility forces and Congolese troops, or that of the central government to force or cajole Meanwhile (back at the ranch) we find more

Katanga back into the fold? ingredients for this witches brew. Not everybody ap-

Then, one Antoine Gizenga, leftist heir of the proves of the police force action; not all UN members -

late Premier Patrice Lumumba, is directing a mutiny qualify as a sufficiently neutral source for troops to

of government troops in still another provincial area, ^ni to the troubled area; not all of the neutrals who Is this, or is it not, business for the UN? can qualify for this service have troops they want to

Basically, Congolese independence is largely fruit dispatch; still fewer can afford the financial outlay of United Nations pressure; and the fruits of inde- involved; and the international organization itself has pendence have been anything but pleasant for the ^ precariously small bankroll.

Too, we cannot forget that more far-reaching problems of a highly explosive nature are also con-fronting Ufiited Nations membership at this time.

II 11 J 1governments least able to contribute to the

cause of forceful UN action in the Congo are the most vociferous in demands that something be done. One is inclined to suspect they are counting on that organization to save their face; because independence of the unready Congolese natives can be traced, in a large measure, to their proddings.

Under such dismal prospects the Acting Secretary General is expected to work out a happy ending. And to think he actually sought the job!

Cloud Without a.Silver Lining

former colony and for contrivers of Congo independ-

ta In Public School Survey

By LYNN NISBET SCHOOL SURVEY - The full text 0 the annual fall survey of public school operations made each year by the Department of Public Instruction will not be available for several weeks. A summary of the main facts released by the Department this week has some very interesting data. The survey was made at the end of the first month of the 1961-62 school term. Enrollment and other items change slightly as the schools settle down but comparisons are made between the figures covering the same period last year.

As everybody had expected, total enrollment in the public schools reached an all-time high of 1,120,372. This was an increase of 18,346 over the first months enrollment last year. But it fell below the five year average increase which had been in excess of 22,000 a year. It had been expected, too, that main increase would be in the high schools. It was surprising to find there had been an actual drop in elementary enrollment an Insignifioant item o 16 pupils, but a drop for the first time in many years. , Comparisons here are hardly fair, because within the past few years many Junior high chools have been added to local administrative units. This has the effect of transferring pupils enrolled in the seventh and eighth grades from the elementary to the secondary bracket.

Conclusion is inescapable that the tidal wave of post-war babies which hit the first and second grades in the middle fifties Ls now making heavy impact on the grades from eight up. This same wave will hit the colleges and universities in 1964-6.S.

Recognition of this inevitable trend has caused some educational planners to wonder if too much attention is now being given to public schools, not enough to colleges in the "quality education campaign.

PEIRSONNEL The report at hand does not breakdown the professional personnel into area of administration, supervision and classroom teaching. It shows a total of 42,199 professionals employed, an increase of 2,1.39 over last year. More than 9.5 per cent of them hold Class A or higher certificates, meaning at least four years of college training. The fact that 2..581 are just out of college and taking up teaching as the first Job indicates prospect of improvement in teacher recruiting.

The ratio of professional personnel to enrollment varies widely between elementary level where the ratio is one profe.s-tional to 28.1 pupils, and the secondary schools where it is one to 22.6. One fact which State analysts are sometimes inclined to overlook or to soft pedal is that while a great many teachers who are assigned by the Slate have their salaries ^upplemented by loial funds, there are 2..304 teachers, or about one in every 20, paid entirely from local tax sources. This is an item not emphasized when State officials talk about

how local units must assume larger share of the public school cast.

BUDGET ESTIMATES This preliminary school survey Indicates there , may be further surplus accruing from unexpended appropi iations during th current biennium. Since increased enrollment is less than estimated by the advisory budget commission when it was making up the balance sheet for the 1961-63 biennium, there likely will be some left-over money from appropriations for shcool teachersmaybe as much as a quarter million dollars. Failure of the bond issue to get by the voters last week left some four million dollars not needed for debt service allocation. If and it is a big if the estimates of anticipated revenue fall as far short of collections as they have in recent years, and estimates of needs for school teachers, debt service, et cetera, prov to have- been too high, there should be a very tidy surplus in the State treasury on June, 1963.

PLANNING - The main purpose for this annual survey of public school conditions and needs is to enable the respoasi-ble administrative officers to plan a program. That the planners are behind with their work is proven by the report on the classroom situation. The current survey suggests need of .5,334 additional classrooms by opening of the 1962-63 term next September. Praspects are for 1,616 classrooms to be provided, only about 30 per cent of the admitted need.

On the other side of that picture is the fact that there are a number of perfectly usable classrooms standing vacant Inc school houses where districts have been consolidated, or wrhere the creation of a Junior high school has vacated I

elementary rooms and imposed an intolerable burden on secondary classrooms. Maybe the professional planners could not have anticipated all these changes, but in many instances it looks like they Just Ignored

themuntil too much money

was spent on unusable facilities.

The trend which began about 20 years ago of migration from the country and the farm to the city is being reversed. The trend now is from the city to the suburbsnot all the way back to the farm. There are lastances now of vacant classrooms in the heart of the city, vacant classrooms out in the countryand suburban pupils being taught in garages and gymnasiums and churches, as well as in regular classrooms, with 2,5 per cent to .50 per cent more pupils than facilities can provide for.

The main trouble with the planners is that there are too many of themnot in numbers btit in assignment of duty. The State, the county and the local school district must have a voice. Result too often Is compromise. not really satisfactory to anybody and of little real benefit to the school kids.

Still A Need For Those Old Fashioned Ideas

Widespread expressions of affection and regret mark the passing of Speaker Sam Rayburn; and there no que.stion . . . anywiiere . . . but he will be

His long years of legislative experience, his un-

By HENRY HOWARD

canny ability to keep Democrats in Congress working in unison, his sixth sen.se of national thinking, all the.se served his country well.

Few men have done so much to bring respect and honor to the field of politics. AYDEN-Corey Stokes. Ayden

The Speaker was never known to take the power auto dealer and vice chairman and responsibility of his office lightly. The respect he the Pitt County Development

accorded it rebounded to his own honor and respect. iy7he^ther *night^at^ the^^^om-

Rep. Rayburn was the friend and advisor of the missions meeting here that

great and near-great . . . but more than that, he ^ humor,

was also the friend of many who were simply people. hsnce of the chair-

The re.sidents of Bonham, Texa.s, can attest to that. Sj\.And^^e dS*a^goS Job. B^t

We are hearing now the oft-used words he was what made his handling of the a great American unique was that he not

And maybe thi., i., partly why:

He believed in personal integrity, and held a gone good emcee.

powerful personal faith in his fellow countrymen. --

Here, in Greenville, Rep. Rayburn departed from the things going. Corey an-

text of a political address to put his faith into words: wouW plei^e ^arry

I am an old-fashioned man. I believe in the their plates to the kitchen,

honesty of men and the purity of women. I believe "its an old custom of the

American homes are teaching their children to believe in th

cU. IncJ

Also Proved Good Emcee

Rotarians. he said, Corey himself being a member of the Ayden Rotary Club. Then he admitted that "underlying cause that often prompts many unusual actions:,

No. You see, fellows, my wife is back there in the kitchen. She prepared the dinner.

After everybody had single-filed through the kitchen to deposit the remnants of a good chicken dinner, Corey again was on his feet.

This time he was emphasizing how tedious the business of luring industries really is. This emphasis was particularly fitting, since that's the business of the Commissionluring industries to Pitt County.

1

e future and to believe in God.

This may he old fashioned ... but it stood him Winei iLailOrS OQyinQ' . ..

Community Colleges

in good stead. The world cannot have so changed that we no longer need such convictions.

irying lo A Dream Alive

The DaHy Reflector

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By JA.ME.S .MARLOW

WASHINGTON (AP) - This is one of those very nice times when. Just becau.se its so quiet, you begin to hope that maybe if you dont look around the bogeyman will go away, al-" though you know he wont.

Ever since the Soviet party congress began in mid-October Premier Khriushchev ha.s been practically .spciKrhle.ss on Berlin, which he had been building into a crisis for four months, except to say he was willing to wait a bit for a settlement.

This has truly baffled the Western Allies, although all It proves so far is that Khrushchev Is such an excellent actor that he can puzzle his adversaries as much by silence as by speeches.

But he has luck on his side. The Allies seem no more ready now to sit down and discuss Berlin with him than they did la.'t June when he began giving President Kennedy the biggest problem of his pre.sidency by demanding a settlement.

And the reason theyre not I ready Ls that theyre still not agreed, after all this time, on what to do next. Khriushchcv cant lo.se anything by watting. The more time the Allies have for thinking about him, the more they may disagree.

And the more they disagree the more their alliance may spilt, which IN something he coiildirt hope to achieve if he .siifklcnly go so rough that he forced them together in self-defriisc.

Its not that the Allies havent been thiiikiiig about him. Theyve been as hii-sy ninniiig back and fortli as the fw-st .shoppers insuie a bargain

basement when the doors opened. Theyre still doing it.

Just Wednesday the State Department announced the foreign ministers of the United States, Britain, Prance and West Germany will meet in Paris next month.

Germanys Chancellor Konrad Adenauer meets here next week with President Kennedy and French President Charles de Gaulle is going London to talk with British Prime Minister Harold Macmillan.

But the basic difficulty of the Allies in dealing with Russia, which dominates East Germany and Eastern Europe, is how to keep a dream from getting last in reality without appearing to say goodbye to the dream,

Kennedy stated the problem In a paragraphalthough he didnt present it as a problem at all before he ever became president.

That was on Oct. 1. 1960, during the presidential campaign, in Chicago when he addressed a congress of PolLsh-Americans who, naturally, dont like to think Communist-run Poland is forever lost to communism.

Kennedy said: We must never at the .summit, in any treaty declaration. In our words or even in our minds, recognize the Soviet domination of Eastern Europe as permanent. We must never do it.

This statement was applauded but it didnt add anything to enlightenment on the question of how short of war with Russia- the Soviets can be induced to loosen their grip on Eastern Europe.

Keiinedy.H predece.s.sors. President Truman and Eiseiihower,

(Continued on page five)

(From The Charlotte News)

The States budding community colleges ought to waste no time crying over the spilt milk of Tuesdays bond election. Their building plans, its true have biien temporarily thwarted. The voters made no distinction between community and dormitory-type colleges in an across-the-board rejection of the bond package. But a vital distinction already existed and the bond election resulte can and ought to be used to highlight it.

The distinction is that community colleges are the most economical meaas of providing higher education for North Carolina youth. Even before the bond vote, qualified applicants were being turned away from the residence institutions for. lack of housing space. With dormitories already over-crowded, this trend will grow. Private housing. when available and reasonably convenient, is in high demand and therefore expensive.

The meaning of all this is that the doors to higher education will continue to be slammed in the face of Tar Heel students who want, need and deserve higher education. It goes without saying that North Carolina cannot tolerate this trend very long. It goes against every economic and social goal the State has set for itself. It goes against common sense.

From the beginning the community college concept has been more suffered than supported in North Carolina. As recently as six years ago Mecklenburg rep-re.sentatives in the General Assembly were begging just for a smidgin of State helpenough at least to encourage the home-folks to spend their own money on community colleges.

Although State support has grown more liberal, it comes on the premise of shared responsibility. The idea is that North

Carolina has an obligation to help Mecklenburg, Buncombe and New Hanover provide higher educational opportunities for deprived youth.

Grateful for that much we persist in believing (1) that the entire obligation really belongs to the State and (2) that it is in the States best interest to shoulder the obligation. That is. the General Assembly ought as a matter of policy to construct teaching and library facilities within the financial reach of students who need them.

The university sytem is and obviously ought to remain the strong heart of higher education. We could not do without the quality of that system as represented in large libraries, an excellent faculty and exteas-ive research facilities. But all this is of no account to the growing thousands of students who never seek or who are de-

Corey said a prospect could ask the beatinest questions about a town he was surveying as a possible location. And sometimes, he said, only a one-in-a-million coincidence can come to the rescue.

One particular Instance, Corey said, was a prospect who had come to Ayden. Officials had fortified themselves well with data about the services and commodities Ayden could offer.

So what does the prospect do? He wants to know how many times a month do the town employes polish the glasses in the traffic ligts. Naturally the answer he would have heard would have been punctuated liberally with stammering.

But the providential coincidence. At precisely the right moment a town employe had Just slipped a new bulb into a nearby stoplight. Maybe never before or never since, but this time he took w hand a cotton cloth he "Just happened to have and Judiciously wiped the red glass disc clean.

And lightning strikes twice in the same place, sometimes.

Another prospect grilling Ayden officials about the town wanted to know how long it took for firemen to get the truck on the road after the alarm sounded.

Corey, feeling certain that hte bluff would not be called, answered thoughtfully: O-o-o-o, Id say bout a minute and a half.

Corey remembers that empty feeling when, only moments after he had secretly boasts, the wail of the tow-n fire alarm sounded more loudly than ever before.

Immediately the prospect turned his attention to his wrist watch and began a count-down on that minute-and-a-half. Again Corey had that empty feeling.

But again the providential co-

nied access to the residence In- incidence: The prospect had

stitutions.

North Carolina voters have Just denied the State money to construction additional dormitories. Obviously, the vote was not a rejection of higher education. But it most certainly was a grass roots call for economy, in all State functions.

Not only economy but education would be served by raising community colleges from their step-child status to full partnership in the mission of developing the resources of youth and keeping them in North Carolina to produce, to build and to lead our State.

Brains and aptitudes among children are not distributed in direct proportion to the economic status of their parents. The time has come for the State to put the tools of learning within reach of alU|U;L*i9uthto concentrate on teachers and classrooms and to cut away the tre-mendoius cost of building and maintaining new dormitories.

counted 30 seconds when the fire truck roared by Very good, he said, "Very, very good. What he didnt know, said Corey, was that the truck driver had turned in the alarm.

Opinions In Brief

"The Supreme Court Is back In session for nine months. The court generally follows the college year, with the first few weeks devoted to scrimmaging.Miami (Fla.) Herald.

"Warren County has been designated as a depressed area. And although there has been no formal designation, so is Chapel Hill since last Saturday.Raleigh Times.

GOP In

Need O:: Idealism

By GEORGE E. SOKOLSKY Copyright. 1961, King Features Syndicate, Inc.

No political party can afford to sacrifice Its birthright of principle and hope to survive. The Republican Party has been out of office so long that it has lost ;ls sense of direction. The Ksen-hower Administration did not unify the Republican Party. In fact, during the first Eisenhow- er Administration, the Right Wing followers of Robert A. Taft and the opportunistic followers qf Harold Stassen and the anti-Communlstic followers .of Sena^ tor Joe McCarthy )llt the party into many subdivisions. Unity has never been restored.

The party is currently divided into groups which may be Indicated as follows:

1,. The Conservative followers of Barry Goldwater who include many Southern Democrats among their number;

2. The Liberal followers of Nelson Rockefeller who fear to have their candidate run in 1964;

3. The supporters of Richard Nixon who feel that be might have been and ought to have been elected and that he was defeated by accident and by Kennedy money;

4. Those who are weary of all these names and who want to see a new name and a new personality and some fresh ideas.

This puts the party in a bad position. No other names seem presently to be available. Nixon seems to be out of the running and Rockefeller has suffered severely from the re-election of Wagner as Mayor of New York. It is logical that Wagner should run for Governor of New York State In 1%2. Should Wagner be elected Governor of New York State, Nelson Rockefeller would be out of the running as a candidate for President. As it stands today, it looks as though the only likely survivor as a candidate in 1964 is Barry Goldwater. It is very doubtful that Goldwater would have a chance against Kennedy.

Whom' then will the Republicans nominate? At this moment, the Republicans have no candidate who is acceptable to enough voters to matter. Barry God-water has an idealistic following. young, enthusiastic, but it is doubtful whether this will be sufficient to elect a President.

The problem that faces the Republican Party is, first of all, to orientate Itself ideologically. It has to mean something more than a vehicle to elect the opposition party; it must be more than an opposition party. Under President Eisenhower, the Republican Party lost intellectual cohesion, having fallen Into the hands of businessmen who, while their intentions w'ere perhaps right, failed to be able to state what they really meant.

President Eisenhower. In the few speeches he has made since he .left the White House, has been more articulate than when he was there. At any rate, he offers a much more certain idea of what he means. But President Eisenhower cannot run again. The Republicans require a new life and a new leadership or out of the Goldwater effort will come a tijtally new party, perhaps under Southern or Western leadership.

This much if evident: the Eastern states are Democratic. The shifts in population have definitely established the Democratic control even in centers which have tradtionally been Republican. The few gains in New York must not be taken as signs of strength; they are rather indicative of new ideas and a movement away from Eisenhower Liberalism. Many other Republicans are standing in the way of their partys progress because they adhere to that practicality which resulted in the defeat of Landon, Willkie and Dewey, a practicality which is often referred to as "me-too-Ism.

All this past needs to be wijv ed away. In its place, if this party is to sur.vive, must come an idealism which can attract youth. If John Kennedy grows from a practical politician into a moral leader of men and women In a sad world, youth, who drink In the fountain of faith rather than in the salted waters of practicality, will turn to him as it has been turning to Goldwater.

This country requires two parties. It is impossible for it to function politically with only one party because the machinery of government, particularly Congress, is set up on a two party basis. If the Republican Party does not come out of its present Intellectual doldrums, the Democratic Party will absorb the va-(Contlnued on Page 6)

Strength For Today

A Profit In Millions Due 2 Fads

Bv KXItl, I DOK.I.VSS WAS IT I MIMhI.V?

Ucl'ic 111* as I writ** Is an aiii)ounrpin*nt s**iil out liy au unianiy.atioii o! wliich I am a mcmhiT and di.sclo.sing tin* lucl that on* ol our compaiativ*ly young collPiigiK'.s has pas.s*d away The doctors knew it was going lo happen, s<> did the family and the man humelf There was nothing that could be done

What Can we .say about early deaths? All we cay say is that Gods calendar and ours are not the same. What appears brief to US Is not necessarily brief In the eyes of God What seems like an untimely dnath may be the winding up of a triumphant, career, Some people may be staggering along in advanced old age without ever having learned the problems of living. Others

die in childhood and are mature beings at the time of death. Jt'Mis was the greate.st per>on ever to api>ear on thus planet. Time Ls dated from his birth. His words have made an everlasting irnpre.ssion upon people ol all rac'.s. Yet he lived lo be only thirty-three years of age. Alexander the Great conquered the world and died at the .same age

Time Ls the greatest of all mvsteripi*. Our little, man-mide calendars furnish measuremente that we can use to our advantage But the calendar is not the ultimate mea-surc of lime. God has mea.surlng sUcks. "A thousand yeais In thy sight Is but a.s yesterday when U is pa.st

, I.el us not question Gods management of Hts world. Instead let us poofler the significance of this thing called Ufa.

By FL.MLK KOF.SSNER

Two fads today are spinning of! million's ol dollars in profits to enterprLsers One Ls .safflower oil, the product of the seeds of a thLstle-like plant of the aster family The other ls the twLst. a dance that has been popularized at the Peppermint Lounge in New York and has spread across the country

There Ls no connection between safflower oil and the twLst unlo.s.s weight reduction is a common denominator.

FEAR OF HEART ATTACKS Many doctors are urging patients, especially the elderly and those overweight, to substitute vegetable oils for animal fate.

The latter, saturated fate are'""fequirlng supplies for luse believed lo create cholesterol, which is said to clog blood vessels and thereby strain the heart.

The twtet- well, lets get back to safflower oil. Some doc< rs ^leve that the unsaturated veg

etable oils actually help eliminate cholesterol formed by the ammal fats. One group thinks that of all the available vegetable fats, .safflower oil Ls the lK*.st Some doctors prescribe dase.s of it two and three times a year. It not only prevents cholesterol, they say. but actually help.s people to lose weight.

As a coasequence, safflower oil L! sbld in many drug and grocery stores and many health food stores carry it in gelatin capsule.s

The safflower was first cultivated in ancient Egypt and it spread over the world It was not grown commercially in the United States until ten years ago when Pacific Vegetable Oil Co.,

In

paints, encouraged farmers in California. Nebraska, Montana, North Dakota, Kansas and a few other western states to cultivate It

BI MPRR CROP .

About 400,000 aerea were cul

tivated this year. The crop la estimated at 25 per cent above last years, and the 1962 crop, because of larger plantings, may be 50 per cent higher.

In addition to paint and dietetic globules, safflower oil is u.sed In salad and cooking oils, margarine, baked goods and frozen desserts. Thus a commodity that has been known for thousands of years has suddenly been twisted Into a health potion, enriching packagers and vendors, as well as Pacific Vegetable Oil.

So is the the other $wist, the dance, enriching those who were quick to move It on its popularity.

JDoaens of music companies are busy cutting records of twtet tunes. One company. Roulette, has arranged with the Peppermint Lounge for use of Its name, but others are using the word "peppermint without royalty. Theres a "Peppermint Twtet, a "Peppermint Twtet Time apd

other peppermlnty records.

At least two twist movies are being rushed into production, twtet candies are being readied for market, twist fashions arc on the drawing board and the time may come when you get home for dinner and ask whats cooking, your wife may answer, "Twtet.

Or, perhaps, "Twtet with safflower oil."

U. 8. UNEMPLOYED FARE BE'TTER THAN RED EMPLOYED The lowest state unemployment compensation payments to an unemployed American worker are about twice the full-time wages of an unskilled Soviet worker, a compilation by Carl Byolr and Associates shows In fact, the lowest compensated unemployed American gets about the regular pay of a Russian hospital physician. The average unemployed American now gcis a little over 134 a week.