'/

i?'xia>. ctui>er,2, 1S6I , .

Season Of Sensitiv Congressmen

Why Should HE Orniplain?

In the months between now and January, Con-irressmen who are hobnobbing with the folks baek home will be getting grassroote opinion of business conducted by Congress during the past year and business expected to be before that body durinif the coming year.

^ The fact that 1962 Is' a congressional election year will make Congress unusually sensitive to majority opinion they find in their own bailiwicks during these months away.from Washington. The fact that 1962 is an election year will likewise make Congress extremely sensitive to various pressure groups who will seek to use the forthcoming election as a lever to bring congressmen around to their way of thinking on particular pieces of legislation.

and a few, perhaps, will assert its not so much the spending which bothers them as it is the government isnt balancing the spending with sufficient revenue. All of these things the congressmen have heard before. Between now and January members'of Congress will piece toigether the bits of information, the various opinions they hear in their home districts. ,

It is our guess that most congressmen will find in their person-to-person opinion polls that primarily concern among the people centers around the international situation and the Rowing deficit figures that are appearing in the national budget.

Congressmen, of course, will hear many theories from individuals about how to balance the budget. Some will advocate less government spending in this particular field or that; others will insist on greater efficiency and less waste in government operations;

In determining bow the people really feel^the majority of the peopleit will not be simply a matter of deciding whether people want a more conservative or a more liberal Congress after January. It is far more complicated than that. When one person wants more federal spending for agriculture and lambaste foreign aid as a squandering of public funds, does it mean he is becoming more conservative or more liberal? When the-next fellow feels exactly the opposite, which category does he fall into? And what about the fellow who insists that the budget should be balanced, government spending should be cut, but this particular program or that should be given considerably morr money to spend during the coming fiscal year?

How individual congressmen throughout the country evaluate what they hear at home in the next few months may well determine the course taken* on Capitol Hill when Congress reconvenes in January.

Not Tho Only Enemies Will Magnify

Spending Source

Peace Corps Troubles

By LYNN MSBET

PAYROLLS Many people think of payrolls In term# only of Industrial enterprise* or Wg corporation*. That 1* why it 1# #0 often aid that Eastern Caro-hnt has no payroll* and that the greatest need 1* for industrial development to provide them. During ihe past ten years many big industries have come Into Ihe east with payrolls that ooo-tribute tremendously to the economy of the aeetlon.

But Industrial and buslneaa corporation payrolls are not the only source of spendable payroll money. Educational institutions are important factors- Perhaps the biggest paymaster In Eastern Carolina Is the . 8. Department of Defense, meaning th payroll of civilian employees and excluding the many millions paid each m<mtb to uniformed personnel.

. A substantial part of the money paid senrloe men goes back borne for family' allotments. Insurance and similar objects.

A very substantial part Is spent in the community by the men who receive it. They support numerous private businesses, in-cluciing enterUlnment and recreation. And the military In-atallations apend many millions locally for food and other aup-plies.

CIVILIAN Restrictions on some tipes of information makes It, difficult to get accurate figures for each individual unit. Information has been obtained that in Eastern North Carolina the U. 8. Army employ* about 6,000 dvUlans; the Navy about 3,000 and the Air Force about 1.000. That U a total of 10.000 Chilian employses. and tlic payroll for them la approxi-Inatcly $4 million a month, or ISO mlllioo a year.

' WAGE SCALE - avUlan Joba around military Installations, like those St big manufacturing plants, range all the way from the lowest menial class to top scientific specialist- Probably the highest paid Federal employee fall* *hort of the level achieved by his counterpart in private Industry, but for the overall spread the pay scale for civilians at military places is somewhat higher than the average in local industry. In any . event when 10,000 workers plow Into the regional economy fifty million dollars a year. It Is payroll business that cannot be irnored.

INSTITUTIONAL Another source of pajToIls which many people are inclined to overlook are the colleges and hospitals. One man participating in a discussion of this subject confessed that he was astonl-<;hed a few years to find that the biggest payroll In Durham was not American Tobacco, Liggett St Myers. Erwin Mills or any oth

er of the wwld famed corporations based there. It was Duke

University. He is not sure that ratio bolds good now, but thinks it does.

Next to gpvernment itself. State and Federal agencies, by far the biggest payroll at Ra-lelgb comes from the colleges and hospitals. Recognition of the payroll value of a college undoubtedly stimulates Interest at Charlotte, Asheville, Goldsboro and other places in the establishment of a four year college. Hard-headed and hardhearted business men. who sometimes like to sneer at culture, are joining hands to promot the college location because it means payroll. They have* realized that a salary check to a ooUee professor or a motel manager is worth Just as much to downtown business as a check to a mechanic in a machine factory or a weaver In a cotton

mill.

PASSED UP The C&D Board at Ms reoeast maeting In Winston Salem voted not to participate In the Worlds Fair at New York la 1964-65 on the scale proposed ..by the fair management.. There has been some editorial crttlciam of that decision. The reason for It was quite obvious. The initial basic cost was set at oiie million dollars. Thst Is almost twice the entire amount allocated in the Mitnniai appropriation for all state advertising next year-The business men on the CAD Board Just felt that they could get more for a million dollars spent some other way.

Somewhat the same situation developed with the proposed travel mission to Europe. CAD and the Travel Council conceded the value of a promotional mission. but when the cost in energy and money was lotted against probable returns it did not look like a profitable venture.

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The Nigerian uproar set off by a post card of a member of the American Peace Corps probably will not be the last international incident in which the fledging organization finds itself involved.

Most Americans recognize the great amount of good the Peace Corps operations can accomplish in many countries of the world and the good will its members can create for the United States. If we recognize .this, certainly we cannot expect our enemies to ignore it. Neither, can we expect that enemies of the United States and the free world will sit by quietly while the Peace Corps goes about doing Its work. They will not overlook an opportunity to place the Peace Corps and the United States in an embarrassing position.

Cabinet

iVlanOn

>

The Run

By, PATRICIA MOORE

New 'Garden

Of Eden

i

The wording on the post card which brought about the uproar at the Nigerian university would hardly appear to be of sufficient import to bring about such an incident. It is reasonable to assume, that the post card was an excuse for the demonstration against the Peace ^ Corps and its members rather than a genuine reason.

Working on x fextnre story in th viciftlty of Ayden recently, we came upon some xr-chxic ini(mnxtion tbxt hxs spxrked the imxginxtioo.-

Poetically, speaking of Ayden, a history of Atlantic Christian College was discussing an earlier college located in the >*illage of Ayden.

tural glory. The book went on to eay that already there were 25 poet offices named Eden, presumably after the Garden of Eden, because they were all par-adisee. One of these Edens was located In Randolph County, North Carolina.

Back then, in the 1890s, Ayden was described as a trade center with 11 mercantile stores and a steam mill. There also was <me resident physician, a notable fact. Located on a railroad line. Ayden had a growing population of 300 In 1893.

What happened in Nigeria may be repeated in various forms in other countries where the Peace Corps has sent representatives to work and study with, the people of those countries. The United States should not be surprised if similar events occur in the future. Every effort should be made to see that members of the Peace Corps do nothing to provoke such incidents, but at the same time it would be folly to assume that enemies of the United States will not find insignificant occurances which they will seek to magnify into major international incidants. '

A preM agent, quoted in the history book, aaid that Ayden was named for the Garden of Eden because It nestled in the bosom of a paradise of agrlcul-

Ayden was to be different. The natives of the area, through pronunciation, somehow got Ayden out of Eden ao that Ayden is Ayden today and the only Ayden In the United State*, we learned.

The author makes Ayden seem almost like one of those dreamy, wispy villages of long ago -lovely and sweet.

By HAL BOYLE

NEW YORK (AP) - PrebANj ths govemment's butlMt gviidp d today is LoUmy H.

Hodges. X rolling atOM upon whom DO moa* grows.

At 63. Hodges, secratxry of Commerot, is the oldeat ment-ber of President Kennedys Cabinet but be Ukea to point out he is aleo the only Cabinei member who drives a sports oar.

In nine months on his new Job Hodges has traveled 60,000 mUee. visited most seotions of the country, been to Mexico and made two whirlwind trips to Europe. Next weeks destination: Tokyo.

Ive never worked so hard in my life, he said during a pause here en route from Madrid to Washington. "This Now Frontier is exciting and moves pretty fast.

Hodgee, one of nine children of a North Carolina tobacco fanner, has always enjoyed going at a fast clip. He helped work hi* way through ooUego selling Bibles, made a fortune in buxine** and quit at 52 to enter politics.

Soon after taking office, the new Commerce secretary moved to help businessmen by simplifying the issuance of patents and speeding up U. S. census reports.

But Hodges, a strongly built, blue-eyed man with a vast amount of urbane as well as folksy Bouthern charm, Is too restless to stay long behind a

He Isn't the board chairman type. He is a supersalesman, a missionary with a message. This is his message:

America needs to sell more goods abroad, and It needs more foreign tourists to come over and spend money here.

The average American firm hss had such a good market/ at home it hasnt felt is necessary to sell abroad. But Ita time now they got into the export field as an insurance.

As to travel, our pecle spend $2.1 billioD abroad each year. But all the rest of the world spends less than $1 billion on trips to our country.*

Hodges hugely enjoys his new role a* the federal governments first official travel agent. And

V

Other Editors Saying industry. Revenue Bonds

Things have changed. Ayden has a p<H>ulation of about 3,100 now; the railroad doesnt give passenger service anymore and there Isnt a steam mill. Instead there la a growing pickle indua-try, a trucking service, and numerous businesses of varied descriptions.

he has six^ad his gospel in per-enc(

The Peace Corp.^, like other agencies which enter the field of international service, must expect to be criticized, often severely and unjustly.

Gals Of Smith

"anore The Score

TEST Graham Jones, pres* secretary for Governor Sanford, wa* talking about the state l&h* and recalled some experiences at previous fair*. One he remembers very well. When he first tarted to dating Mia* Betty Carter they went out to the fair ground* one night. Betty did not want to ride the wheels, because it made her dizzy. She wouldnt let Graham play the games because he said they were stacked. She wasnt hungry SoGraham and Betty apent three or four hour* at the fair, spent a total of about ISO cents for cokes and nabs. Right then says Graham, I decided that would be a good girl to marry.

He went to work on the project with hi* usual enery and Rkill and they now are a very happily married couple.

irnSSimmmSiilmmmSS^Umm^^aSSSmm

By GEORGE E. BOKOLSKY Copyright, 1961, King Feature* Syndicate. Inc-Members of Congress have received a petition from 252 students of Smith College who:

. . .object to the amount of control exercised by the United State* House of Representatives over one of Its standing committees. the House Commiteee on Un American Activities. We suggest the rewwding of the Houses mandate in order to bpeciflcally limit the Commltees power of investigation to those matters concerning which Congress has full authority to legislate. There is a wide gulf between responatbllity for the use of inveetlgatory power and the actual exercise of that power. Precisely what power* of In-vesUgaUoD does Congress lack? The buslne** of Congress is to legislate, and to legislate intelligently, Congress requires knowledge. In pursuit of such knowledge, Congressional committees hold hearings. Sometimes the hearings ar Interesting, valuable, even amusing: sometimes they are stupidly conducted and are very- dull. Neverthrtess. the hearings, over the whol of American history, as the Smith gals must know, have proved invaluable.

-The Smith young ladies say: To date the House Committee hse extended and abused iU power. It has Indulged In some UTtspoDslble aoeusatioos under the protection of Congresslooal immunity. The right to dissent as well ts that of orderly protest is any American's cherished freedom and inalienable

Evepytim# a Congressional committee has had before It a Communist, there are those who insist that the Committee exceeded Its powers: but when s committee had before it such financiera as J. P. Morgan, no one protested.

Congressman Edwin B. Dooley replying to one of the girls who happens to be a constituent of his, wrote:

. . .the House quite properly declines to exercise control over particular inquiries. The sheer volume of legislation to be considered would by Itself preclude such an arrangement. Besides, what might otherwise at first gliuice seem like a lack of control over committee activities IS in reality the essence of our committee structure; the element of trust Implicit In such an arrangement Is the very foondatioa upon which tbs House and Bsnats conduct tbsir-dally order of business.

Tbs gAtberlng of data is very

difficult. For instance, at present a Senate committee is In vestlgatlng the relations between Jimmy Hoffa and Harry Bridges. The young ladles may feel that tis Is an invasion of the privacy of Hoffa and Bridges, two very powerful citizen* who ir. time of war can, if they choose, imperil the transportation aystem of the country. Hoffa has not been accused of Communist relationships; Bridges has. Hoffa Is engaged In marginal capitalism. Investing his unions# funds m various entei^ prises; Bridges is Ideologically not associated with capitalism. How does it happen that these two are so close?

The answer Is that In the politics of unionism, both Hoffa and Bridges are opposed to the current management of the AFL-CIO Also Hoffa Is antagonistic to the United States Senate. We have hers then a combine which dangerous in time of war because one party of it Is suspected of association with International Oonununlsm and the other is in a rage against constituted authority. This Is definitely a matter for CongresslonaJ Investigation.

The young ladles may feel that there Is nothing wrong with Hoffa and Bridges Joining forces. Yet, if they knew the facts of labor politics, they would realise what a menace there Is In this union of forces.

Representative Dooley made the point in his letter:

It has been my experience that, more often than not. a specific legislative remedy 1* nowhere In sight when a committee commences an Investigation. As a iT^atter of fact, countless investigation* by not only HUAC But other committees have revealed the adequacy of existing 'aw if properly enforced, although this may not have been evident prKH* to an Investigation.

This Is too often overlooked by those who fail to realise that law enforcement can become innocuous unless public opinion supports the law. But where does the public get the information? Newspapers do not posses* the power of subpoena: in fact, they are ao limited by Ubel lawa that they often cannot serve the public. R Is necessary to have the power of Mjbpocna to get certain speclfle Information. Should a reporttr ask that question he will be told to go to the devil, but an Investigator for a Congressional com-.mlttee with the power of aub-poena can get tht In/ormatioo unless the person Is willing to say, under oath, that to tell tbs truth wUl Incrlxninate

nue WUsox TlmeiT

Wt are not advocating the procedure, but the logic Is Interesting and it is working successfully in several southern and mld-westem states. The subject is getting industry.

Babson sayt. In a financial release. that areas are not getting industry because old industries are dying faster than new ones locate or are organized. He is speaking of the northeastern states.

Again the reasons given for the industries going out of business are the same you have beard many times before, too far away from the source of the raw materials, high state taxes, unionism, over-population.

The solution given to the problem of obtaining industry la the Interesting part of the story. In the six states where the revenue bonds have been tried, with marked success, the the state constitutions had to be amended.

The revenue bonds are on the same principle as the revenue bonds for building highways. These tax exempt, interest bearing bonds must be voted by a majority of the citizens. The bonds are freely bought by out of state Investors. The bonds are paid off by the company for whom they were Issued to build the Industry.

Take for example the City of Cherokee, AJabama. Twenty-five miUioD doUara was Issued in revenue bonds at Cherokee to build a fertUixer plant to be leased to Armour and Company. Armour agreed to pay off the bonds at four and three-quarter percent Interest over a period of 20 years. Both interest and principal will come entirely from Armours lease payment.

Investors who buy the bonds have a highly desirable tax ex

empt investment. If you are In a high Income tax bracket you get the equivalent ol twice the bond yield if your bracket Is 30 per cent. Strong legal reatrictl(His protect the bond issue.

Communities pay out the

greater portion of their tax

money for education. Thla is certainly right. But It la also

right to have opportunities to offer the young people when they graduate from high school or go on to college. Industry or a profession, is the way thla is accomplished. Take the one

plant of Armour, it will employ 300 people.

There are other examples of revenue bond financing for obtaining industry. The second largest municipal bonding program is the nine million project for General Tire In Kentucky. You notice all the concerns carry well known names and reputations. The third revenue bond financed new operation was a seven" million dollar issue for Borg-Warner corporation in Arkansas.

The Babson story Is concerned with getting industry for New England. It cites the need for getting wide awake Chamber of Commerce executives from the fast growing Southern cities which have already issued Industrial revenue bonds. He says the revenue bond idea Is good for farming localities.

We are passing this on for what It is worth. If the time ever comes when we have an Industry of the size and Importance of the three menticmed. we can remember the revenue bond financing. Companies like to rent, and buy the buildings on a long term basis. The capital is needed today to carry forward the business. That is the attraction of the revenue bond community financing.

AH the other towns are the samechanged.

People VM7 lik^ wouldn't notice even if we had a nearby paradise since they are always In s hurry to get somewhere. Minds are more intent on saving skint than flower gardens.

Even in small communities around Pitt, attention is focusing on fallout shelters, and in Ayden, that former glorious village of the past, there Is serious talk of building a community fallout shelter for 100 people.

Other towns, too. are talking about shelters and emergency food, and such.

They have come a long way since Tillage time and paradise.

son before audiences abroad from Finland to Spain.

What does he ten them? He tells them:

Youve got more money now. Weve got deficits, youve got surpluses.

Why not spend some ot is seeing Americaand Invest some of it there, too?

Hodges believes the message is getting across.

Practically everyone abroad has a basic desire to visit Ameres. he said. We hope to increase the spading (tf foreign tourists here by $100 million next year.

. He is opening Mven U. 8. travel agencies abroad to spread information on the scenic and economic advantages of the Land of the Free and the Home o{ the Brave.

The big obstacle is that many people over there think travd in America is too expensive. I told them in West Germany, Why it cost me more to come see you, than it would you to come see us. Thats the truth.

Why, in one hotel it coot me 120 marksabout $30Co (Continued on Page 8) j

Strength For Today

By EARL L. DOUGLASS

OLD TESTAMENT GOSPEL The Book of Job la a closed book to many Bible readers. It Is often a mystery to those who try to wade through it. Everyone appreciates its poetic beauty. Many, however, do not catch Its moral teaching.

Great trouble had come upon Job. His friends, following the opinion of their day, took the position that this trouble bad come upon Job because he had committed some great sin. Job denied his guilt. The Book of Job is an attempt to answer the question, Why do the righteous suffer?

The book, as a matter of fact, does not answer the queeCion which it poses. In ihe end, God

mands to know of Job bow hs can presume to question the pui^ pose ot the Most High. Man by his very nature can know little. How then can be Justly criticize God or question divine providence?

The teaching whieh the Book of Job thrusts, as it were, into our hearts is that while most suffering comes as the result of mens sins, there is some suffering which God permits to come upon us that our souls may be disciplined and our spiritual strength increased. Most tnmble Is the result of our own folly or sin. Some troul^ is the means by which God encourages us to csst ourselves-upon His mercy, to put everything In His hands, to trust Him. The Book of Job is one of the

WALSWi 18 wesv w^* w# wv*.* so vs

instead of answering Jobs ques-i Old Testament books which has tion puts a number of searob-' in tt the spirit (A the Christian ing questions to Job. Ood de- gospel. ^

r

Fax Business Growing Like Mad

By ELMER ROESSNER In 1890 the 42 states coUectp ed $107 million in taxes- In 1832. the 48 states lerled 12.300 mil-OD. In 1830. the tax bite of the 48 states was $7.830 rolUion. In the fiscal year ended June 10, 1961. the 50 states collected $18,-200 million. In 70 years, the number of states Increased 18 percent while state taxes Increased 17.740 percent.

But thats not all. The Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, in Its currently monthly review, said. taxM collected by state governments are due to rise further.

Tax changes adopted by atate legUlatures this year, tha Chi Fed caluculates. will bring the Ux Uke in the fiscal year eod-.ug June 80, 1868. to $20^00 million.

The bank aaki that the present rising trend In business, if maintained, will Increase taxes even more because salee and income taxes are a large part of statea* tazea.

BREATHER HOPED FOR The Chi Fed said that pressure on state and local governments to raise additional reven-ues may be about to ease orocwbat- It hedged, however.

[ding. Borne observers con-tenOiat 1

ad

________further upgrading and

expansion of state and local services will continue to keep state tevenue systems under pres-urt.

Ck)mmerco Clearing House pointed out that the record high ooUection In the last flsoal year amounted to a record tax bur-dent of $106.03 oo every man. woman and child In the nation. The per capita ranged from a low of I63J3 in New Jersey to ft high of 120682 per person In Hawaii. Well, those Islanders kept demanding statehood!

The largest per capita increase was levied in Kentucky, where state levies rose from $76 to $98 a person. Only three tatea. Oregon, Wyoming and Ohio, decreased total collections during the year.

California was tha taxlngeat state, taking $2J5 billion from da UJ mlllioo people; New York was saeond. Imposing $2 bllUoo 00 Its 16J million souls. Souls? Psnnsylvanla was third, levying $1.16 billion on' 113 mU-lion people.

REASONS

The Increase In the number of states had very little to do with tha rise over the last 70

years. The rise in populttkm. from 63 million in 1880 to 181 miUioo in 1960, was a minor factor. While the population tripled. state taxss went up 3,000 timea.

It never occurs to many of them that the state is not an aD-giw-ing Mom, but a rather expena-ive baby sitter who, as the Chi Fed suggested, win raise her rates next year.

Inflation, is a more important factor. Bound government statistics do not go back to 1880, but oldsters tell me that an honest roan could earn $12 for a 60-hour week then, beer wss 5 cents for a 36-ounce glass, and free lunch was Just that. But even inflation cannot account for more than a fraction of the rise in state levies.

The big factor is. of course, the growing demand for state services: for highways, bridges, state pohce, unemj^yment benefits, pensions for the aged, help for the sick, state-assisted housing, sepulohral state edifices. dami, hospitals, prisons, parole syatenos, courts, mratal aid. schooli,^ adiools achoola, col-legea, nnlTersltlas. aubaldies, mJra hizurious aupport of governors. help fr unwed mothers. Juvenllt delinquency programs aay. this could go on for days.

The basic fact ia that most peoftole want Mom to take of them and when she is no longer able, the atate Mom.

SECOND LOOKS AT UAW-AMERICAN DEAL Hie oontraet between th8 Uhited Auto Workers and Amar* lean Motors, providing for profit sharing, was hailed aa a milestone in labor negotiations, snd so it wa*. But examination of the details show that it was not one-alded, wWch is good because one-sided contracts engender hostility.

Significant Is the fact that tha union ia now sharing the companys risks. D profits diminish, the profltAharers get iesa.

Furthermore, the contract e* cludea the union* from major management areas. The union has nothing to say about de-algn, engineering, market boti-cles, financial declslona, management organlatioD and employee ejectioneven though a slip-up in any of those areas can cut the workers* share of pro-flU.

The imleo also agreed to cot wash-up time and to relax aeop lortty demanda.

i