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Tuesday, September 26, 1961

Heads, You Lose

We Should Not Undermine Future

As top United States oificials seek diligently for a reasonable basis for negotiations with the Soviets on tha questions of Germany and Berlin, they should make sure that their position does not become a basis for capitulation to the Soviets on these important questions.

The obvious signs that the United States and tbe Soviet Union are both moving toward negotiations on the questions of Berlin and Germany cannot be denied. Khrushchev is said to have dropped the year-end deadline for the signing of a peace treaty between the Soviet Union and Eat Germany. This removes one of the great obstacles to the negotiations in that it indicates a greater desire,by the Soviets not to allow the crisis to come to an abrupt showdown. It likewise affords the Western powers an opportunity to enter negotiations without seeming to submit to the Soviet ultimatum.

On the other hand, reports from Washington and East Germany that American officials have indicated that communist East Germany has become a fact of life that must be recognizedat least for the present suggests at least a softening if not an abrupt change

in the U.S. position on the matter of a divided Germany. *

Collectively these and other factors that are coming to light suggest that at least East and West will be able to agree on some basis for negotiating on the German and Berlin questions.

Notwithstanding the great desire on the part of the West to avoid conflict in these pending crises, it is Important that we not overlook the fact that the Berlin and German situations represent battles in the cold war . . . not the entire cold war itself. We would be foolish indeed to expect that if this crisis can be settled through negotiation there will not be other crisis in the future. We can ill afford to give in on vital points for the sake of settling a question when such capitulation will only serve to whet the Soviet appitite and prompt additional unreasonable demands in the future.

The United States should make every reasonable effort to settle the crisis through negotiations with the Soviets, but we should not at the same time undermine our own position and that of our allies, and thus place ourselves and the entire free world in greater jeopardy in the future.

Th6I6S A Price Board Cannot Ignore In Publicizina The Final Authority

By LYNN NISBET

COSTLYThe announcement by President Kennedy that he would not appoint Malcolm Sea-well to be a Federal district Judge, months after the two Senators from North Carolina had recommended him, emphasizes the cost" in prestige and often in businessto persons whose prospects for public office have been widely publicized.

It 1* an open secret that during the past several months several clients who had considered Seawell as an attorney, and some who had used him in minor cases, turned to other places for legal counsel when it appeared that Seawell would go on the bench. The monetary loss probably was not great so far, but the preliminary work must all be gone through again with other clients.

Then when the long-delayed announcement came that Seawell would not be named, and at the same time news stories suggesting that the reason was opposition of organized labor, the effects is bound to be embarrassing to whoever gets the appointment. The natural conclusion will be that the new man is friendly, or at least acceptable, to Labor, and that labor leaders might feel they have some claim on him by reason of being indirectly responsible for his appointment.

The long delay in making the announcement perhaps was not Intended by the President to be embarrassing either to the^man turned down or to the man appointed, or to the two United States Senators whose wishes were Ignored, Whatever the intent. the effect is certain to be n degree of embarrassment for cll of themand with no compensating prestige for the exe

cutive.

TEACHERS A half dozen or more county school superintendents have been asked during the past week if they had been able to get all the teachers allotted under the quality program. In every Instance the answer has been yes. but with slight qualification. We have all the teachers to which we are entitled, was the usual answer, but some of them are not certified for the positions they hold. One superintendent alboratcd a bit on the qualification, and said he hoped that through attendance at workshop courses and other booster efforts the shortage in certification requirements could be made up.

One superintendent who had not filled all the allotments for his schools said he would not until he could get the quality" teachers which the new salary schedule contemplated.

Dr. Charles Carroll, state superintendent, said that the usual survey would be made at end of the first month of the school term, which is Just about now, to ascertain all such facts as enrollment, average daily attendance, teacher-pupil load, classroom congestion, typed of certificates held by each teacher and other pertinent data.

When the survey is tabulated and studied, probably around the first of December, the State Board of Education will be able to determine whether Its efforts to meet requirements of the quality" program have been successful. Admission that many teachers have been employed on assignments for which they are not certific'ated raises question whether full effort has been given to quality or if the old program of quality is still controlling.

Strength For Today

By EARL L. DOUGLASS TRUE WISDOM

Have you ever come in contact with a highly educated person who hadnt a grain of sense in his head? This often .Mppens, and we never/eocounter such a aituatioa^ithout oiflng filled with Incredulity and wonder. How can U be that people who know so much often turn out to have no real wisdom at all?

Information and wisdom arc two entirely different matters. A person may become a walking encyclopedia of knowldege. He may become a computing machine on legs. He may have read all the books in the library twice, yet still know nothing.

Wisdom if more than mere tniormatioD, Wisdom is the capacity to use Ijtformation or knowledge. Some of the great

leaders in every century have been of meager education. They had few facts at their disposal, but they had a wonderful capacity to put into pratical use the information they had. These people were truly, and are truly, wise.

No college diploma ever made anybody wise. The diploma signifies that a person has absorbed certain Information. That person will be wise or foolish depending upon the capacity he manifests and. develops to use whatever information he has. He may be surpassed by people who have no diplomas at all. Wisdom la the capacity to use learning.

Let us get as much learning as we can, but in our getting let us make sure that we are developing the capacity to use this learning. For the use of such learning constitutes wisdom.

The Daily Reflector

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By SAM DAWSON

NEW YORK (AP) Services are the fastest growing portions of the economy and today take about 40 cents of every dollar consumers spend. They have provided the biggest increase in the number of jobs. Also they have accounted for much of the rise in the cost of living.

Indicati<ms that consumers will pay more than $140 billion this year for all types of services leave some businessmen far from happy. They are the makers of hard goods, like autos and appliances, and the merchants who sell both hard and soft goods.

Their worry: If the consumer spends more and more on services, there Is less of his spendable dollar left to go for goods. But many of the services owe their very being to making and sale of these goods. For example, when you buy a home appliance you please some utility company as well as the merchant and the appliance makers.

Youll be using the services of someone to install the appliance, and in time youre likely to use a repair man. Also you may need the services of a financing compnay and an Insurance company when you buy a car or a major appliance-

Theres another side to it, as noted today by the economics department o the Chase Manhattan Bank, New York. When you buy an appliance you may be cutting down on the need

of some services. Example: The decling Importance of do-mestice service workers. Or when you buy a car, you may cut further into the need for intercity rail and bus transportation.

Since 1946 consumer prices as a whole have gone up 52 per cent while the average rise in the service component has been 65 per cent. Department of Labor statistics show a wide variance in the rise of service prices in the last 14 years. Electricity rates on average have risen 11 per cent, while the cost of a hospital room has gone up 205 per cent.

Commerce Department figures show Americans spent $19.6 billion last year for household operations, including electricity, phone, gas and water charges, domestic service and miscellaneous expenses.

Another $20.6 bdllion went for interest paid on nonmortgage debt, life insurance, legal, investment and bank fees. -

Medical service accounted for $16.2 billion. Outlays for hospital care went up most, followed by payments for medical Insurance.

Transportation took $10.5 billion: recreation $64 billion; personal apipearance $6.1 billion; religion and welfare $4 7 billion; private education $45 billion; and foreign travel $2.6 billion.

In the last 14 years the fastest growing item was Interest on nonmortgage debt.

Opinions In Brie::

While there are definite uses to which fast-reading talents can be put, there also are 11m-itatiorwand Its Ju.st po.s.slble that some people are riding the crest of a greatly-overrated fad.Atlanta (Oa.) Journal and Constitution.

A major factor In rising unemployment and juvenile crime.s, officials believe, Is the high... number of young people who drop out of achool. Fifty per

III IlfPIIT TNESUIATIINIIIY Will YllfiilC Tim

The pursuit of happiness can be the happiness of pursuit We.st Point <Mlss.) Times-Leader.

We never even heard of a rabbit that was superstlticu-s enough to carry the left hind foot of a man.Worcester (Mass.) Telegram.

Despite the boon of the electric toothbrush, there still is the exhausting drudgery of .squeezing toothpaste out of a tube." ClnclnHaU (Ohio) Enquirer.

m.:r .

IF YOU CONSULT ABOUT IT VNITH EACH OTHER IWEl-L HAUUVOU IN FOR. AKTl-TRUiT VIOLATION.^

The question of policy-making by the State Board of Awards which came up pointedly in the tiff over purchase of 30 whammies authorized by the legislature has been smoothed over with the reluctant approval of the purchase by the Board.

Left unresolved, however, is the question of whether on some future occasion that Board of Awards might take it upon itself to decide whether the expressed wishes of the legislature will be carried out in connection with purchases of items for which the legislature appropriated funds.

The Board of Awards twice balked at approving the purchase of the whammies for which the legislature appropriated funds. Apparently the balking did not center around a question of the price at which the instruments were offered, but rather the more fundamental question of whether or not they should be purchased by the state. Gov. Sanford sought to soft-pedal the controversy over the whammies, apparently with the view of using the soft sell on the board rather than demanding that they purchase the items for which the funds had been appropriated.

One of the primary functions of the Board of Awards is to see that state funds are properly and wisely spent when it comes to purchases, but there should be no question of whether the authority of the board over whether or not an item should be purchased should exceed the authority of the legislature. Properly it is the duty of the Board of Awards to carry out policies set by the legislature; not to thwart the carrying out of policies expressed by legislative action.

More And More

%'!

cent of the country.! students are not going beyond high school, and a great many o them drop out at the legal age of 16 without even completing the eighth grade."Huntington (W. Va.) Herald-Adverti.ser.

One of the stimuli that keep a chaperone awake Is memory. Hurley (8. C.) Leader.

By HENRY HOWARD

?aced The Issue In 75

President Kennedys address to the United Nations Monday was, as it should have been, a powerful oratory. Basically, it reflected what should be the attitude of free men around the world; and in particular, Americans.

The tone of his address was both unyielding and conciliatory. He conveyed the agreement of America that all existing freedom of men should be preserved and that all possible, practicable means should be employed, and would be by this country to that end.

The President made it quite clear to the 99 nations that the American ideal would stand as a firm obstacle in the path of ever - restless Communism, should It attempt to gobble up more human liberty.

In the face of the gravest of crises since it all began, the

In focusing attention on the titanic struggle between conflicting principles of existence.

This becomes a stark and cold fact when the American mind finally allows itself to come about to reality: face to face with the real and relentless determination of Communisms motive.

It is undeniably the ultimate aim of the communist Cancer that eats away at mans most vital organ, libertyto spread through every organism on the earth.

But a clash between the mighty forces of both sides would surely mean ruination of both. The crux, then, of the situation is clearly mans greatest earthly enigma since his beginning.

So, what do we do? That question, more likely than not, plagues every sober, thinking

Services Today t

Other Editors Saying ... abor Blocked Seawel,

(The Wilson Times)

An unimpeachable record as attorney general, the endorsement of the two senators from North Carolina, Senator Sam Ervin and Senator Everett Jordan, the support of Secretary of Commerce, Luther Hodges, was not enough to overcome the opposition of organized labor to the appointment of Malcolm B. Seawell to the federal bench.

In other words President Kennedy followed the recommendation 6f labor, or as the news release said the Presdient bowed to opposition from powerful labor leaders." It is reliably reported that William Polk, general president of the Textile Workers Union of America, protested the Seawell appointment.

The reason organized labor was so determined in its op>-position stems from the cases coming from the Henderson strike. Labor objects to the Seawell teiAperament. Regardless of what you call it, temperament or justice, the prosecutions and convictions of some of the labor union membrs involved in the Henderson strike have never been successfully cUsproven.

Lynn Nisbet said in his column Friday, that a check of the records show that Seawell had far less to do with that case than his labor opponents indicate

Thus Mr. Seawell Joins the ranks of another injustice. Judge John J. Parker, one of the nations great legal minds. His appointment to the Supreme court was blocked by organized labor. This was a tragedy for the nation. For Judge Parkers Judicial judgement was needed on

the Supreme Court bench at the time.

We are not di.scounting the ability Judge L. Richardson PreyerTxhat is another story in itself. The point at issue is that one whose qualifications are recognized, one who has served the Democrateic party and who has the support of the elected officials in the Senate, is the victim of labors hatchet.

It is evident the President took into consideration the loud voice of the opposition rather than the qualifications of the man. This is^ most lamentable. For North Carolinians are accustomed to thinking that such appointments are above -the pressure of any one group.

Mr. Seawell proudly states that his record stands and he could not and "would not change it. The entire procedure crf-fends your sense of fair play. The President flatly announced that he would not support Seawell for the Federal bench. He gave no reason, he did not have to but the public knows. Labor blocked the appointment. This has not been denied.

It was reported that during Franklfii Roosevelts last campaign, when he was on the way to the West coast something came up as to the selection of his running mate, the Vice-President. And President Roosevelt replied, Clear it with Walter Reuther."

Has this time arrived In North Carolina? But labors vengeance is another thing. And having to be cleared" by any group is carrying political manipulation and expediency too far. There is another powerful group, the fair minded public.

free man at least every day. Its a perplexity to him, mainly because he feels so insignificant a part of his way of life.

But can he afford to toss the matter aside, throw up his hands and call it a day? Certainly not. He must continue with the usualand, rather, renewed and intensified vigor his daily task. Its a simple matter of observation that his daily task is indeed a vital part of his way of life, and therefore, the American way.

A rather crude but also rather true example: Suppose each

molecule, or whatever they are, comprising a powerful drug decided with resignation to relax. How effective could the dosage be?

In focusing attention on the current and most trying crisis yet to face us. President Kennedy read in and between the lines of his address an issue that may well reach, sooner or later, each of us personally.

Americanseven before they cut the strings whqse loose ends tied together the United States faced the Issue. In a document adopted July 6, 1775 in Philadelphia, the Second Continental Congress declared:

... most solemnly, before God and the world, that, exerting the utmost energy of those powers, which our most bene-ficient Creator hath graciously bestowed upon us, the arms we have been compelled by our enemies to assume, we will In defiance of every hazard, with unabating firmness and perserv-ance, employ for the preservation of ouV liberties: being with one mind resolved to dye Freemen rather than to live Slaves."

This document is as new as it 5 old. It embraces the purpose that has constituted the solid foundation of American liberty. To forsake this purpose would be to forsake American liberty.

The ever-fiercer battle between Democracy and Communism should not bring weakness to the side that champions human freedom. Rather, it should instill renewed determination to prevail. Because although It Is mans greatest earthly struggle, it is also his greatest challenge.

Quote..

If our own future Is the one we want, all well and good. If our future is not what we want, we can still walk into It with dignity and with strength and with hope, knowing that in such a path we are clearing a way for those who will come after us,"The Raleigh Times.

Trials re A

3other

By GEORGE E. ^OKOLSKY Copyright, 1961, King Features Syndicate, Inc.

In the record of the General Walker case appears the following paragraph of a statefqjint by the Acting Judge Advocate;

"Although the file does. . . contain an overall indication of Hatch Act and related violations, the detailed evidence in this respect is not developed, and it is noticed that many of the witnesses, at the time of the investigation, were already claiming recoUectidh difficulties. It is obvious that any trial for su<:h violaUons would be a most difficult and prolonged undertaking, fraught with intense and emotional publicity, certainly unfavorable to the government, at least in part. A conviction would be by no means a certain result, and even if a conviction were obtained the sentence would probably amount to not more than a reprimand in view of General Walkers brilliant combat record and sincerity of purpose In attempting to fight communism."

. This is, Indeed, a curious argument. A trial would be costly as all trials are. It would bo embarrassing as most trials are. It would develop mass emotions which such trials do. Also there is no guarantee of conviction. Therefore, admonish General Walker; smear him; make him appear to be a madman; but keep him on the Job. Apparently then there would be no excitement and no publicity. Surely whoever conceived this childishness after 922 pages of testimony was taken from 40 witnesses and 229 exhibits were introduced, deserves to be taken out of a position where he can ruin men of valor. How is it possible to maintain the morale of our armed forces if such cases as that of General Billy Mitchell, General Douglas MacArthur, General Walker are examples set before officers?

Senator Harry Byrd thought that the 922 pages of testimony in the General Walker case be made public. Senator Byrd said that the public should know about it.

According to Secretary of Defense McNamara:

There are, to the best of my knowledge. , .no restrictions other than, I think, the restriction that any responsible officer of our Military Establishment would recognize a restriction of good judgement and restraint in a period of tension and crisis in the world. But, to the best of my knowledge, there are no speciftc written instructions."

If that is so. how is an officer to know what is permissible and what is verboten?If a general is required to indoctrinate his troOp^agttinM the enemy, what is he not to say? What is good judgement about Karl Manq 9MM oFRIVen Khrushchev?

Did General Walker exceed his responsibility and authority? It could not be if the testimony of Secretary McNamara before the Senate Armed Services Committee is correct. The Secretary said:

The responsibility for the training of the troops is with the local commanders. They are given considerable latitude in developing specific training programs to fit the needs of their personnel and their environment.

What I have to say will be somewhat more general in character and might respond directly to your questicm because these programs will vary rather sutttantially as between commands and as between services."

In other words, Cteneral Walker could use his own judgement -within the margins of good taste. However, it was brought out that spefcches with foreign policy implication go to the State Department for approval. How is it possible for a military man to give his troops an anti-Com-munist indoctrination course without saying something negative about Soviet Russia or Red China? The censors in the State Department are Philip H. Burris, Director of the Office of Policy Plans and Guidance, who reports to Assistant Secretary of State Roger Tubby. The theory of this operation is that military men may talk out of turn, might say things which could do harm, particularly during a period of delicate negotiations.

But the question must arise as to who ctoes the censoring. Is the censor a competent pei> son? Is he himself sufficiently informed to censor p. man like Admiral Burke, for Instaiice?

This question was brought to a climax when Senator Thurmond asked:

To what source do you turn (Continusd on page five)

Lots Of Fun In Business World

By ELMER ROESSNER

the te.sting of atom bombs because we didnt pull out of Its a mad world, but it Ls Berlin, slightly madder land a little/ INSTANT CHOW more fun) in business. Why, in^'^ xhe Army Quarte California on^ William C Cham Corp.s ts developing a c

*'No book lover cca.ies to read a book which has delighted him with one reading; he retums to It time and again." Durham Herald.

, bliss is trying to get the state to license advertising men. Pre sumably. each candidate would liave to tell whats wrong with the phrase, like a cigarette should

There are more than two million employees on the govern ment payroll. But there are six million more under governmen* contracts and grants, estmate Victor K. Hcyman. of Marshal University. Even military bast-overseas are luil by clvtilans he added.

-, _At the Unl'fd Nations Sugc Conference i cva. V. Kamesky, t' el

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dehydrated rh'eal whicl mixed with hot water, i to eat. Brig. Gen. Merrill L. Tribe told the Long Island Pair and Science Exposition. I seem to have eaten that same meal 16 years ago* . ^

Theres a shortage of bell dancers and bouzouki players,. This riental form of culture is Tie-omlng popular In night clubs } Washington and other cities ut there are not/Cnough undu* jtors and musicians to fill the dlls. The Immigration Service ^ holding back pemts for Im-<rted dancers and bouzoukists ,'itu night club impresarios can ove local unions cant furnish A bouzouki is a Greek tr'nged instrument. Unions say here are some bouzouki-players their rolls, but that the pty

scale is prohibitive. The tonal scale is worse.

Competition for credit carders is intensifying. Shell Oil has mailed cards to potential customers, offering them a $2 set of steak knives when they show up to say. Charge it!"

CRUISE TO NOWHERE

A lawyer specializing in tax matters cruised Florida waters with a yacht carrying a pennant bearing the symbol. 1040. In deducting expenses for the yacht, the attorney explained that T040 is the number of a common tax form, and that flaunting It might bring him clients. The Tax Court denied his claim. (Henry, 36 TC No. 87.) The lawyer could not prove his pennant or his yacht had brought him any business.

Autos go bump-bump on concrete highways. Thats bCause of tarred joints, necessary because concrete swelLs and shrinks with the temperature For years this column has aug-

ge.ded diagonal joints but higlh way commissioners have always been looking out the window.

Now comes Inglehard Hanovia Inc., of Newark, N. J., with a remedy. It has developed a diamond saw which can cut expansion joints at angles on highway pavement Since each wheel of a car wUl go over the joint at a different time, there will be no bump-bump.

Filled milk" will help the undernourished overseas and, at the same time, enrich American farmers, according to Dr. A. Richard Baldwin, research director of Cargill, Inc, Filled milk is a blend of nonfat dry milk, water, soybean oil, vitamins and a synthetic butter flavor. If only 1 per cent of the undernourished people were to drink an 8-ounce glass of filled milk a day, a new market for 128 million pounds of soybean oil would be created, he told the Los Angeles section of the American OU Chemists Society.I.

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