Wednesday, Angnt 2S> 1961

Line O Si

Dont Be Fooled, Nfldta

TSrrw^

When *GovJ William B. Umstead died in office years .ago, Lt. Gov. Luther Hodges moved up to the post of Chief Executive of North Carolina leaving the second highest office in the state vacant for more thah three years. Now, with the sudden death of Lt. Gov. Floyd Philpptt the second highest office of the state will be vacant for the remainder of the four-year term which the prominent leader was serving.

The same question which arose following the death of Gov. Umstead has now arisen on the heels" of the death of Lt. Gov. Philpott: Who will be governor if something happens to the man now in the office?

North Carolina has never faced the problem of having to decide who would succeed to the position of Chief Executive If both its governor and lieutenant governor both were to die Or become incapacitated during a single four-year term. Certainly it is to be hoped that such a situation never exists., Bub regardless of the remoteness of |he possibility, there should be a clear-cut stipulation as to who would succeed to the office if such a thing should happen.

Attorney General Wade Bruton has expressed the opinion that the death of Philpott has left the state without a successor to the governor. Should something happen to the governor, the procedure apparently be for the Secretary of State to call a special session of the Senate and for^he Senate in turn to elect a preeldent to carry out <|utie8 of the governor.

While this procedure might suffice in an emer-ffcney, it would seem much more logical for the legis

lature, through constitutional amendment, to clarify the line of succession to the office of Chief Executive during its next session.

The business of operating the state *of North Carolina is far too important to be left to the present cumbersome procedure of succession to the states highest office. The business of'the state is far foo important not to have the top chain of succession go beyond two offices or two officials. There should be a clear-cut line of succession without having to go through a series of time-consuming operations to determine who should succeed to the states highest office if something happens to both the governor and the lieutenant governor.

WHO POktjOIMEbTHE^ ON THE PATH OP \NOaU> CONQGT A/SUGf

A Good Beginning For

The Tobacco Market

Quiet Strength

'.n Lt. Govrnor

By LYNN N18BET

PHILPOTTNear *000 years tffo the Pr<^>het Ifalah relayed io aadient Judah the promise of Jehovah that in quietness and hi confidence tall be your trengtti. Later the prophet berated the Jews for falling to utilize that aource of strength.

Review of the life of Cloyd Philpott laeldent to hie death last Saturday night reminded of that historic episode and led to conclusion that he early recog* nised and through the years respected quietness and confidence** as source of strength. There have been few men of irtronger convictions and integrity than the late Lieutenant Governor, and none who was less obtrusive or effusive in exercising that strength. It was not necessary for hiih to shout or wave his arms to demonstrate bis capacity for leadership.

Phllpotts quietness was noticeable. His confldMice was less obvious, until It Is remembered that confidence is another word for faith. His beliefs In the vitality of the Christian religion, the dignity of all human beings and their right to equal opportunities In a d^ocratic society, and above all his faith in the future of North Carolina, were continually demonstrated. Although an ardent member of the Baptist church and the Democratic party, he was more concerned with the principles of Christianity and democracy than with the particular tenents Of any sect.

On thst foundation he built the pre^ige which had carried him far before mlddleage. and it appeared as late as a week ago that he was destined to go much higher. His passing leav^ some IKg holes.

VACANCIES - Officially, the ^fice of Lieutenant Governor of Kwth Carolina Is vacant and will remain so until the manor womanelected to Uie position in 1964 takes the oath of office in January of 1965. That Is not a erious omission, unless for iome reason the Governor of North Carolina should become Incapacitated to serve. There was no Lieutenant Governor from November of 1954 until January of 1957, Because of the t(Xies8ion of Luther Hodges to the governorship.

The 1955 Senate elected a president (Luther Bamhardti, who performed many of the functions of the Lieutenant Governor without the title. The 1963 Senate Will follow the same course. Meantime, the Governor can designate Senate President pro tern Lunsford Crew, or some oth

er State official, to fill gaps for service which usually the No. 2 man would perform. If a special extra session of the 1961 General Assembly should be held. Senator Crew as constitutionally elected president pro tern, would preside 'over the Senateand no further election would be

D^essary.

There are confusing ramifications and uncertainties in procedure In the event of a vacancy occurring in the Governor's office before the next election. Unless such vacancy occurs there appears no serious problem.

Besides the official vacancy in the office of Lieutenant Governor the death of Cloyd Philpott oc-isasloned a very big hole in the ranks of real statesmen and recognized leaders in the Democratic party State government in other than official capacities.

BALLASTOne of the places where Cloyd Philpott will be missed most Is one that many people perhaps did not realize he occupied. That was his position as a sort of balance wheel In the machinery or ballast to the ship of the dominant Sanford faction in the Democratic party organization. Or, if you want to go highbrow, he was the unofficial liaison between the economic segments rpresented on one extreme by labor unions and on the other by the big business Interests. He enjoyed the full respect and confidencw of both groups, and often said he was a card carrying member of a labor union and a member of the National Association of Manufacturers, He saw no conflict in these relationships. The quietness and confidence with which he approached solution of prob-' lems between them will be sorely missed. It Is conceivable that this may prdve to be the biggest hole his departure occasioned, although It may not be generally recognized because of the unobtrusive way in which he led that now empty spot.

It Is quite likely that Governs Sanford had this In mind when he said that PhllpottS death was a shattering blow to the state and to me personally. It has been proven many times over that there is no* such thing as an indispensable man. The State of North Carolina will survive the loss of Cloyd Philpott, as It has survived the loss many ether great persons. Consensus round captol square is that very few men. If any others, occupied as significant place In current gov-ernmented and political areas, as did the late Lieutenant Governor,

The Daily Reflector

INCORPORATED

Published Every Afternoon Except Sunday Established 1882 DAVID JULIAN WHICHARD, PublishBT

filtered at Post Office. OreenviUe, N C.. as second mal matter.

#

SUBSCRIPTION RATES By Carrier (In Towns) Week 30c

By Carrier (Motor Routes) Week 36c

BY MAIL, Payable In Advance OfStnvtUe Poet Offlee. Pllt Coimly, RobereonvlUe, Vaneeboco WastdngtoD and Chocowlnlty.

Thrae Months ................. I t.TB

Six Months ............................. 7jOO

One Tear .............. r............ UdO

North OaroUna totlier than listed above)

.Three Months ...... $4.00

Six Months .............. 7A0

One Tesr ................ 14X)0

"AH other Outside North CaroUsa

Three Monttn ............ 14.3ft

Blx Months ......... 8d0

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AfSOClATED PRESS The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to use for pubUcetion all news dispatches credited to it or not otherwise credited to this peper end also the local news published herein. AU rights at pnhUcatkm ai spedel dispatcbee here are also reserved.

NATIONAL AOVBBTI81NO REPRESENTATIVIfi Thomas P Clsrlt Co fioc.. New York. Chlciigo, Atlanta Meraba Audit Bureau ot Olrculaticm.

AD adverUslng copy nuist be received at least one day befcvc publlcatloo date.

The sky was overcast and the weather gloomy in Pitt County yesterday, but -prospects were never brighter for the tobacco farmers as record prices were paid on opening sales of the auction markets.

One robin doesnt make a Spring and one days sale doesnt make a successful marketing season for farmers, but if the prices which tobacco brought on the Eastern belt yesterdaV were any indication of what farmers can expect for their crop, a record year for tobacco markets and for the tobacco farmers is in the making.

Most observers who have followed the tobacco market for years agreed that prices paid for the offerings were higher than hadl been anticipated even though prices on earlier belts had paved the way for optimism. Most observers were likewise pleased with the quality of tobacco which was being offered on the Greenville market . . . quality considerably above that which was on the opening sales last year.

For the second consecutive year the Greenville market paid out more than a million dollars on its opening days sales. The market also reached a new record high average for opening day, posting a figure of $64.18, which rivals the past days at any time during any season in the history of the market.

The figure brings prospects for a good year for "tobacco farmers of this area which prevailed prior to the opening of the market appear even brighter now.

<1^ McNaugfat STudkata^ Ii

By D0^ SCHLIENZ

And A Bright Day Dawns

What Is Really

Bugging Nikita?

By JAMES MARLOW WASHINGTON (AP) - It may eem unbelievable but after months of East-West shouting and maneuvering over Berlin this one main point still isnt clear; Whats really driving Premier Khrushchev in all this? Why does he consider it a toothache and a bone in his throat?

There are plenty of ideas on it such as pressure from his partners in the Kremlin, pressure from the East Germans, and so onbut so far as 'Is publicly known theyre guesses and perhaps not even good ones.

The answer may be much simplerthat Khrushchev, as the leader of communism, considers It necessary and the time right to start shutting West Berlin off from the Westonce the background is considered.

Since 1945 communism has been able to take over mainland China, North Kor^, worth Viet Nam, Estonia, Lithuania, Latvia, Poland, Romania, Bulgaria. Hungary, Albania, Czechoslovakia. East Germany and East Berlin, But here Is West Berlin which the Communists havent been able to absorb even though it lies 110 miles Inside Communist East Germany, has 12.500 Allied troops there, and a 2V4 million anti-Communlst population devoted to the West.

This makes it a Western and capitalistic Island in a Communist ocean. Worse still, from the Communist view. West Berlins brilliant economic success make it a shining contrast to the drab Communist wwld etround It*

So long as It stands freedeep inside the Communist worldit is a constant reminder to Khrushchev and his partners that their threat to communlze the world looks absurd.

So, without trying to figure whos twisting Khruschchevs arm to seal off West Berlin. Its

easier and perhaps more sensible to assume he or anyone else who happened to be leading the Communist world would on his own want to grab the city.

This much can be taken for granted; Khrushchev is going to try to take over the city, if not immediately then eventually, and without war If he can avoid it.

It wouldnt be smart for him to risk war to get the city this yearsince war could destroy Russia ItselfIf he thinks, and he probably does, that he can get it in a few more years peacefully anyway. How could he do that?

By trickery, by promlsea he Intends to break, by diminishing bit by bit the Western AUiee willingness to fight for the city until in the end. having made a number of concessions, they make the final one.

For example:

1. He wants the Allied troops out of Berlin. But those 12,500 men, surrounded as they are by 30 to 40 times their number in Communist troops in East Germany, are really not a defensive

force at all.

Theyre only a symbol of the Allies claim to the legal right to have them there under wai^ time and postwar agreements with Russia, The main Allied fighting forces are outside the East Geiman borders.

But if the Allies agree to withdraw these symbolic forces, they have yielded on a point they have made a principle in their dispute over Berlin. It would be a big concession.

2. Hes threatened to turn over to the East German Communists control of all the routes over which people and supplies, civilian and military, move from the West through East Germany to West Berlin.

In actual practice this wouldnt mean much since 95 per cent of such traffic is civilian and the East Germans control that. The Russians control the remaining 5 per cent which is Allied military.

But agreeing to thiseven though Khrushchev guaranteed none of the traffic would be block.^ ed by the East Germanswould be one more concession although its hard to see what the Allies can do about it if Khrushchev makes good his threat.

The West might not want to fight over dealing with the East Germans on that 5 per cent of military traffic, particularly if Khrushchev promises It would not be interfered with. And so on.

Once the concessions are made temporarily settling the Berlin disputethe Communists in a year or so can find some other excuse for tightening the Berlin

By necessity this column is written thr evening prior to the day it appears in print. So theres a risk in predicating whats said therein on what is supposed to be prevailing at the time of actual publication.

Bometimes I live dangerously.

For instanceL

The sun rose bright and glorious this (Wednesday) morning. Clear was the sky, and blue; birds twittered noisily and happily around the house eaves and in nearby trees.

All over Pitt County the man of the house was arisen even earlier than usual; the minor aches that had plagued him most of the summer were miraculously gone. Eyes clear. And at times the usually taciturn face was actually smiling.

The young people were chattering even noisier than usual; but for once it didnt seem to

annoy the grown-ups.

And throughout the county the lady of the house was bustling about with a brisker step than had been displayed in months. The atmosphere was charged with subdued excitement, hope, and good cheer.

The kitchen cat, more or less accustomed to relaxing just about any place, sensed all this and moved to an out-of-the-Way comer . . . (no sense in taking unnecessary risks).

In keeping with the spirit of the day, the family car started easily with the first turn of the starter and purred smoothly. This was particularly unusual, for of late it had given every sign of needing a new set of sparkplugs.

All this came about despite Tuesdays forecast of cloudy skies and scattered showers. For even if the weatherman guessed right he would still

Did you hear what the tobacco

Other Ecditors Saying ... The States Loss

noose.

Quote,..

The, age of chivalry Isnt dead yet. If a teen-age girl drops her book, usually some teen-age boy will kick it over to her.Cochran (Oa.) Journal.

Sometime when you are depressed, think back over the persons yoti might have married. Belle Olade (Fla.) Herald.

(Greensbwo Daily News)

It is difficult to think of 14. Gov. H. Cloyd Philpott, personable, friendly, alert, a key figure, in both private and public life, in North Carolinas program of progress and a dedicated leader for whom greater honor and responsibility loomed, as still in death.

But that is how Pate, no respecter of persons, is. The lieutenant-governor. stricken with a dissecting aneurysm of the aorta last Wednesday, battled against hppeless odds. But battle he did, with all the strength and will power within him, as was his wont. Shocked by his sudden attack, friends over the state prayed and hoped against hope that he could win what was recognized as the greatest battle of his life. It was in character that he remained alert and talked with members of his family only a few minutes before tbe end Saturday afternoon.

Cloyd Philpott represented the sort of leadership we need and have fortunately had in North Carolina. With his feet soUdly on the ground, as attested by his business aiul his political record. he recognized that progress must be continuous, that the past was something upon which to build the future and that adjustments must be made in state and nation to get and to stay in the mainstream of national and international life. There Is a tide In the affairs of both men and nations; and Cloyd Philpott saw such an Inevitability; he rose, in his full strength, to meet )t.

The measure, the quality, the

philosophy and even the humor so essential to bearing the burdens of public life of the man were illustrated in his own cataloguing of himself as the only card-carrying Democrat in the N. A. M.

The high regard, respect and esteem in which fellow citizens held Cloyd Philpott are written in the votes which he received at the poUs, in his home city of Lexington, his county of Davidson and over the state when he emerged a heavy winner in a three-cornered battle, against two other formidable opponents, for the Democratic nomination for lieutenant-governor.

As one of the architects of the Pearsall plan, an advocate of a state minimum wage law, despite opposition of fellow Industrialists, a fair and popular presiding officer of the 1961 State Senate and a leader in making North Carolinas quality education program a reality, he cast a political shadow which pointed well into the future. There is little doubt that, had death not struck him down, he would have been a candidate for Governorand a formidable candidate for anyone to beat in 1964

Death played a cruel trick on North Carolina Saturday. But it did not clalim Cloyd Philpott before he served his state well, wrote a record which will survive down the years and led North Carolina along the road to a richer, fuller and more servloeable destiny.

His counsel and his leadership will be sorely missed; his friendship, in its personal facets and characterisUci, even more.

The conversation had been pretty dull around the supper table. For that reason, as well as an idea of a little preliminary psychological preparation, we brought up the subject of fallout shelters and why they might be a good thing to have around.

To go a bit further, the Missus and I pulled out an CX7DM pamphlet with shelter illustrations and, using it as a visual aid explained that a family might have to live for severid days kx a confined space.

Our lix-year-old drank it all in. He could hardly wait to pass on this new knowledge to nearby friends.

The gospel of Civil Defense has a new apostle, I told hl mother. And sure enough. In no time at all he was deep in the subject with one of his buddies . . . explaining how food anl water had to be stored in a shelter in case the Yankees started dr(^ping bombs.

Oh well, scratch one from the ranks of the Informed citizenry.

He was brainwashed before the suppertable lesson.

Opinions

In Briei

The USDA reports American farmers turned In 3 per cent more products with 8 per cent less labor last jrear. Maybe they should work harder and cut down the surplus.Mem-j>his PresakSclmltar.

When we^ were a boy we thought that'dimMk-were valuable and possessed of good purchasing ]^wer. how diimes have changed.Elberton (Oa.) Star.

Cost of living figiues show that everything but food went up shsrply last mmith. It was a goodtime Just to stay home end eat.Jacksonville (FIs.) Times-Unicai.

One of the nicest of ell spirals comes from the pleasure men get from looking st wromen, which so pleases the women that they become still more pleasant to look at, which pleases the men stUl more and so on, ad ultimo.Buhl (Idaho) 'Herald.

2-Ghina

Issue

And .UL

be wrong.

Because the weather is alwasm fair, the outlook is always bright, the small problems disappear and worries forgotten the day after a day like Tuesday.

market did'on its opening day?

Well, that explains why, on this day of all days. Ood is in His Heaven and all is right with the world.

By GEORGE E. SOKOLSKY..

Copyright, 1961, King Feature* Syndicate, Inc.

A magazine which goes by the nsme of War-Peace Report has appeared with a long article entitled United States China.Policyin the Jaws of the Vise,** taker of the San Pransico State College.

The object of the article is to encourage a recognition of R^^ by Mr. Z. Mr. Z is Urban Whit-China. It begins with these sentences:

For nearly 12 years now tht United States has avoided fo> mal relations with the most populous political enUty of the earth and has prevented its representation in the United Nations. Thus the serious defeat that the torce of world anti-communism suN fered in 1949 in China has not yet been registered officially on the diplomatic books either in the United States or in the world organization.

If -the establishment of Red China Is so imp(Mrtant, why do we have to recognize it or to use fr-' phrase of the author, registe, it officially on the diplomaUc books. The conclusion that Whittaker reaches is:

In short, the General Assembly. by a large majority, appears determined to seat both Chinas, but if it is eventually forced to choose between them, it is prepared to choose 600 millions in pref^nce to the 12 millions. T1 author admits that the JTwo Chinas idea is opposed by both Communist China and Nationalist China. The author believes thst if the United States continues to reject the Two Chinas idea, the United Nations will accept a one China, namely. Bed CHilna.

Urban Whittaker devoted himself to an attack on the Committee of One Million, which to him is the remains of the Old China Loltoy ' under one umbrella. When wie uses the term China Lobby, he speaks of something that never existed; that is, the Kuomintang government in Pw-mosa never, maintained more than the usual press service here.

However, Alfred Kohlberg, a handkerchief manufacturer and merchant, who at one time had business Interests in China, spent his own money opposing Communist China. When Alfred Kohlberg died, those who had an opportunity to know, were astonished at the enormous amount spent by Kohlberg for various anti-Coimnunist causes. And It was all his own money.

Kohlberg enjoyed calling himself The China Lobby. It was an absurd appellation which led to false connotations. However, that is what the China Lobby was for many yearsa one nun effort ty sn American dtlzen who hated CommunisnL The Committee of One Million is a public body which is managed by Marvin Liebmsn, who Is also active in other anti-Communist

causes.

The Ckmunittee of One Million is bi-partisan and includes many Important persons. Urban Whittaker says:

Nothing on the American political scene today is quite so absurd or quite so fraught with dangerous international consequences as the aUianee of Hubert Humphrey with Barry Gold-water, of Paul Douglass with Everett Dirksen and of CJlifford Case with Walter Judd on the Committee of One Million. This soimds a bit hystericaL Most Americans are opposed to Red China ai it to therefore not surprising to see both Republicans and Democrats on this committee.

Urban Whittaker has prepared a research memorandum on Chinese Representation in the United Nations which is marked Confidential (for limited circu-IMtOfi only). According to this memorandum, he int^riewed tito delegates of 91 member states. He finds that there are five possible solutions to the China problexb, These he states as follows:

Solution lJ> One, - non-communist China, de facto and de jure, This is Uie pre-1949 situa tion. It wouM require the victorious return of Nationalists to tbe MMnlsnd.

Solution 2. Two Chinas, de facto, with nwi-communist gov-mament represented de jure at the United Nations. This is the status quo solution, the situation ss It has actually existed since 1949.

Solution *. Two Chinas, one cmnmunist and one non-commu-ntot, de facto and de Jure. This (Oontlnued on page five)

r

Output of history continue* to be prodigious, but not much improvement Is to be noted in the quality.Gastonia (N.C.) Gazette.

rhe New Business ODDortunities

Strength For.;TodaV

By EARL L. DOUGLASS IDLENESS

The Bible, and many other specimens of good literature, abound in denounciatlon ol Idleness. The word Idle comes from an Anglo-Saxon work which means vsln, empty, useless. The dlsr is s worthless person Tlie idler is a worthless person whCMte life Is dedicated to nothingness.

Unemployment is a dreadful reality io modern life and one which needs to be dealt wlUi vigorously by every social and governmental agency, but idleness is another matter. The idler i* another matter also. The idlr Is the person who wants to be idle. If he is poor he is referred to as a hobo, if he (or she) happens to have inherited

wealth, then the *oclal colums note the peregrinations of such people and speak about them as If they really had some worth. As a matter of fact, such people are a liability to society.

Work Ik not the chief end of life, but it is an invig^ting reslity without which Ufe can have no real significance. If you want to know happlneaa at Its best, pick out aoQtothing worth doing and do ii so weU that both you and others will be fUtod with aatUsction < o v e r tbe achievtment.

Idleneaa etanda for empUoMa. Do not f*et that you will be hippy in idkneaa. There is nothing in idleness but boredom. If you reaUy want to get the best out of life live it up to the hUt every day.

By ELMER ROESSNER Some of us might find it worth taking a little time off from watching the Kennedy Administration's drift toward socialism to investigate the new buttnesB opportunities ofiered by the 6 per cent home-lmprove-ment loans recently legislated by (Congress.

This per cent is a true annual Interest rate, and thats what makes these loans unique and important.

Up to now, the 4owest-cost FHA home-lmprovement loans carried a rate of $5 per $100 for the first $2,500 of loan, and 4 per $100 from $2.500 to $3.-100. But the fee is calculated on the original amount of debt, not oa the declining balance as on the new loans. On that basis, the 5 per $100 is a true per-annum interest rate of jusl under 10 per cent.

In addition, the new plan isro-vides for modemiztUon loans up to $10,000, with ss long as 20 years to pay.

BOON TO BUSINESS

If handled with care and respect. this new program can give the already-buge (over $11 bil-llon-a-year) home-improvement industry and many related businesses. a genuine boost. Minimum loan under the new $ i^r cent program Is $2,500. But in urban renewal areas, the new loans can go as low as $1,000.

Most banks already are studying the new program. S<ne say they are reluctant to participate. They dont like to tie up money in small amounts over a long period, especially since the new loans will probably be handled as second mortgages or secured by other liens against borrowers* property. That causes more PM>erwork and administrative detail than some bankers care to contemplate for the take of relatively modeto loans.

However, enough banka, in-eluding some of the biggest in the country, have indicated they will go into' the program, so (hat many of the others will

have to participate willy-nilly. Savings and loan associations are reported to be enthusisstie about the new loans. Lenders irs insured against loss by FHA. with borrowers as usual paying the FHA insurance prentium of one-half of 1 per cent in addition to the 6 per cent. VEHICLE FOR SHARPERS

But the banks have (Mie IsgiU imate concern. They are ifrMd that the program could become another vehicle for the fringe of unscrupulous selleiw of home-improvement Jobs who gave the FHA title loans a bad name several yearg ago.

Bankcri tell this reporter they plan to gcrutinlze home-lmprovement promoters with great care this time. They also hope that FHA will have a close Inspection program, and will educate the bomeowMrs themselves to get at least several bids before they sign cootiieti.

The education job is one not only for FHA. but also for the legitmate home improvement dealers. The new program is too

valuable, to businessmen as weU as consumers, to permit any liifh-pressire. sell-and-run exploitation.

Reputable deaieri with established roots In their communities can well take the lead in educating local homeowners to ths usefulness of the hew loans, but also to the potential dangers and how to guard against them.

U.i. PAYING FOR STUDIES IN JAPAN AND POLAND

Th* happy taxpayers are now paying for a study to cmnpare factory production of sauce made ffixn Japanese soybeans with sauce made from American beans. The study is financed by a grant from the U. S. Department of Agriculture to the Japan Shoyu Research Institote in Tokyo.

Another grant has been made to Odantky PoUtsehnto in communist Poland to support research on the possible role of sterols (alcohols) in the development of off-flarors and odors in the processing of soybean OL

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