Saturday, Auguat 12^1SSi \

v-_

^ore Service In Continuing Growth

There*s No Restra&img Em-

More tangible evidence of the growth of East in which the school could meet the demands mada Carolina College has been in evidience this week with upon it by the people of North Carolina, beginning of construction of a nkw dormitory, expan- In terms of its physical plant, each new facility

sion of a classroom building and the acquisition of adde'd on the college campus increases its potential

additional property for the college campus. for serving the people of North Carolina. By the

East Carolina College, which in all probability acquisition of additional property for its campus in will set a new enrollment record this fall, Ij^as grown recent months the ce>llege has given itself more room by leaps and bounds in the past 15 years. The growth for the additional facilities which will be needed in of its enrollment as well as a corresponding increase the future if it is to meet the demands that will be in its faculty and staff has made a significant impres- made upon it.

sion not only in this immediate area, but throughout East Carolina College, as It continues to grow in the state" as well. the*size of its student body and in terms of its phpical

The growth of the physical plant of the college, plant, will render an increasingly important service to

while it has not kept pace with the growth in enroll- this section of North Carolina and to the state as a ment, has likewise been appreciable during the period, whole.

The size of the campus, with the most reent property

acquisition, now stands at approximately 235 acres. The new dormitory on which construction began this week will house approximately 500 men students and represent an investment of $1,155,000.* A new three-story addition to the Flanagan classroom building, which also commenced this week, will cost almost $375,000.

Nuclear T^st Ban Talk At Stalemate Stage

Resumption of talks pointing toward an agree-^ M*.. 1 .1 .11 ment on banning the testing of nuclear weapons ap-

. they are, wil p^^rs at the outset a waste of time for both the East

not fill all the needs of the college for a physical plant West

with which to accomodate the constantly increasing Soviet Union has reiterated its position on

number of students who are seeking to enter East ^ proposed test ban, asserting it will require conditions Carolina College. which already have been declared unacceptable by

In spite of the progress made in improving and the West. The West, on the other hand, has indicated expanding the physical plant of the institution in re- that it intends to stand by its demand that certain cent yearsand certainly the progress has been tre- safeguards be included in any test ban agreement; and mendousthe rate of growth of the college in terms of the Soviets have flatly refused these reasonable safe-

applications for enrollment has far outpaced the ex- guards in the past, pansion of the physical facilities. To some degree at all probability the talks will go on for the cur-

least, the size of the physical plant of the institution rgut session . . . and perhaps subsequent sessions . . . tin

has limited the uumber of applicants it could admit without any concrete progress being made, and has thereby limited to some degree the manner ^ While it is important that the East and West

More Interes '.n Resort Areas

exert every effort to reach agreement on this matter which is important to the world as a whole,^it appears a little foolish to continue the talks indefinitely in vibw of the current stalemate. Rather than continuing to talk the subject to death, it might be better to break .^off the negotiations entirely now and resume them at a later date w'hen conditions appear more favorable for progress to be made toward reaching agreement.

By DON SCHLIENZ

Resistance To Change

By LYNN NI8BET

STATEWIDE The awakened interest In and recognition of the travel business as a major Industry k more noticeable in the resort areasthe beaches and the mountains, although not limited to these sections.

Por many years the residents of the extreme ends of the state accepted as a natural thing that the beaches and the mountains would attract visitors in the summer months, close down tigait from September to May. It was further accepted as the rule that accommodations < for guests should be as crude as possible. An ocean breeze or a mountain view was sta?posed to compensate for higrh prices for meager accommodations. The pewle who operated the lodging, places did not recognize any obligation to provide entertainment for guests. The surf was there as Ood made it, and that was that: there were foot paths for hiking and streams for fishing in the mountains. Some of the very swank places had horses to ride.

These were individual business operations, but neither the hosts lun* their guests thought of what they were doing in terms of a major industry. That idea did not develop until after World War II and made relatively light Impact on popular thinking until the Travel Council sponsored a survey showing that travel business plows nearly a billion dollars a year Into the total economy of North Carolina.

Partly cause and partly result of this astonishing information operators of accommodations for travelers and vacationers improved facilities, provided swimming pools and outdoor game courts, and organized recrea' tion.

big businessThe provls-4<m of attractions for the enter-'talnment of travelers has developed into almost as big business as the provision of accommodations for their eating and alceplng. From the viewpoint of private business enterprise this trend has been more marked in the western half of the state.

Governor Sanford told his news conference this week that he was amazed on a recent visit to the west at the progress made during the past two years In this

field. He specifically mentioned the two million dollar "Ghost Town" project developed by R. B. Covem and associates on the mountains above Maggie Valley. His wOvd for It was "fantastic" and he fcMwasts that it may well become eastern rival of the famed Disneyland in California.

Older projects, but still in development stage, are the "Tweetsie" railroad operated by the Robbins brothers near their Blowing Rock attraction; the transformaticm by Hugh Morton of the Wilds of Grandfather Mountain into an easily accessible attraction with a mile-high swinging bridgeand the higest convention hall east of the Mississippi. Many hundreds of thou-

Same System Aaain ADnliec.

sands of dollars are being invest-kT n

ed in ski runs and ski lifts, to make sure that the mountain resort area can operate year round instead of just three or four summer months,

JOINTThese private enterprise operations would not be possible, either in the west or the east or in mid-state, without the milUoas of dollars of taxpayers money infested in highways. national and State parks, and other public facilities. The public facilities make the private business venture more profitable. At the same time, these busine.ss activities produce a good many tax dollars to help pay the public bill.

KNCBThose letters stand for a project which l.s known as "Keep North Carolina Beautiful," and i.s Identified as a unit in the national organization to "Keep America Beautiful." The Idea had its origin in the anti-litterbug campaigns of a few years back, but has bioadened to include every phase of making the roadsides and the landscape as attractive as possible.

The "Keep America Beautiful" organization has a color film available for short term lease or purchase by State libraries and other agencies interested in the same problem.

The Travel Council of North Carolina this week Is buying a print of this film to be donated to the State Library extension service and It will be available for use by civic clubs, school classrooms, family gatherings, etc.. on the usual terms for such use of State fllm.s.

The Daily Reflector

INCORPORATED

Published Every Afternoon Except Sunday Established 1882 DAVID JULIAN. WHICHARD, Publisher

Entered at Post Office, Greenville, N. C.. as second cla.si mal matter.

SUBSCRIPTION RATES By Camricr (In Towns) Week 30c

By Cnirier (Motor Routes) Week 35c

BY MAIL, Payable In Advance OreeovUk Post Office. Pllt County, RobcrsonvlUe, Vanceboro

WssbJnftoc sad Chocowimty.

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Ons Tear ................. ............. 13 00

North CsroUns (other than Uated above)

Three Months ...._____ 14.00

Blx Months ................. 7.50

One Year ................................... 14 00

AH other Outside North Carolina

Three Months ............................ t 4 25

Blx Months .............................. 8 00

On# Year ............................ 15.00^

MEMBEB ASSOUTED PREgg

Tha Associated Press is exclusively entitled to use for publlcstion all news dispatches credited to It or not otherwise credited to this paper and also the local news published herein. All rights of publication of ^>eclal dispatches here art also reserved.

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All adverUslng atpf must be received at least one day before publication date.

By JAMES MARIX)W

WASHINGTON (AP) Twice BOW American presidents and their vice presidentsbecause Congress wouldn't do anything on ithave had to agree between themselves on how a vice president takes over for a disabled president.

President Kennedy said Thursday he and Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson have made such an agreement. It turned out to be, word for word, the same as former President Dwight D. Elsenhower made with former Vice President Richard M. Nixon on March 3, 1958.

Theres a big hole In It but its the kind of hole which may never have to be filled.

The CJonstitution says that, in case of a presidents inability to discharge his powers and duties the vice president will take over. But It doesnt say what an inability is or who decides w'hen inability exists and when it ends.

There has been argument over this constitutional clause since the Constitution was put together. But Eisenhower's heart attack in 1955 alerted him and the country to the need for some clarificationjust in case-

His two attorneys general-first Herbert Brownell and then William P. Rogers-with the help of their justice Department lawyers examined the problem and proposed to Congress, in 1956 and 1957, that It act on a constitutional amendment. It didnt.

So Eisenhower, with the help of Rogers and the best advice the latter could get, made an agreement with Nixonan agreement now duplicated by Kennedy and Johnson with the help of the Presidents brother. Attorney General Robert Kennedy.

Robert Kennedy sees eye-to-eye with Rogers on the wording of the agreement and the con.stitutlonal thinking behind It. A lot of questions can be raised about it.

But the two attorneys general thought they had reached a reasonable solution. It should be noted these two agrcement.s applied only to the four men Involved, No future president or vice pre.sldent is bound by them.

They will be free to make any other agreements they wish, or none. But since Kennedy and John.son thought the Eisenhow-er-Nlxon arrangement was good for them, their successors in the While House are likely to do the same until, or unle.ss, Congress finally decides to act. Thats unlikely.

The agreement says:

1 If the president become.s unable to carry out his duties he willIf hes able tonotify the vice president until the presi-dent.s disability ends.

Note: This doesnt .say the vice president becomes pre.si-dent during a period of pre.si*

dential disability but only acts as president.

2. If the disabled president for some reason cant tell the vice president to take over for him tempoarily, the vice president will consult with people he considers appropriate about taking over the presidency until the disability ends.

The ground rules seem pretty narrow here for Johnsoc. If Kennedy became too dasabled to tell Johnson to take over for him. its a sure bet the vice president would not make a move without consulting Kennedys brother, the attorney general.

3. The president will decide when his disabliity ends and resume his duties.

All three of these arrangements raise questions but not more than the third in which a disabled president decides when he is no longer disabled. Suppose those around him still think hes too disabled to run the country. What then?

Its one of those iffy questions. Government lawyers say they perfer to rely on the value language of No. 3 at the present and then try to deal with particular facts and circumstances as they might arise.

While Brownell and Rogers asked Congress in vain for a constitutional amendment to clear up the whole business once for all. House Speaker Sam Rayburn thought a simple congressional act might do.

Government lawyers disagreed. They said such an act would be challenged in the courts as unconstitutional. But the Kennedy - Johnson agreement is neither an act of Con-gre.ss nor a constitutional amendment.

Therefore might not anything Johnson did. while acting as president for a disabled Kennedy, be challenged in court, too? For instance; if Johnson signed a bill which meant a loss of millions of dollars to someone.

But thats hypothetical at this point. Rogers and Robert Kennedy feel they have done their re.search and that tl.e courts would uphold as coastitutional the agreement they worked out.

Shop talk . . .

In recent weeks weve been

doing things to your newspaper.

It wras all in the field of *make-up. and by any standard the changes were relatively minor, but were reached only after a long time of mulling them over and cautious experimentation.

The first w'as a matter of setting the type of elected paragraphs in a story with a bolder face and indenting them ... or, not setting the type to full column-width. For the present, this is being limited to the front page.

We learned too, that there is more eye-appeal w^hen such bold, indented paragraphs are separ

ated from the rest of the body of type with a spaclng-out slug.

Why bother? Well, its because lengthy stories look uncompromisingly grl[7~ and dull when there is no break in their grasmess. A reader is strcMigly inclined to scan the first three paragraphs and be content to assume he could guess the rest. By making particular paragraphs stand out, especially if they are Important segments of a story, the reader might be tricked into reading all of the details.

Then the Managing Editor suggested a "minor change for the Inside pages: doing away with the heavy double lines at the top of the page which en-

Other Editors Saying...

An American Tragedy

Quote...

"Thi.s advice can be made to fit right in with Mr. Ribicoffs advice about the little vegetables who sit almost motionless for hours watching who-dunit.s and Western s on tv. Break It up. Make the youngsters get outdoons and play ball, hunt birds' nests, make mud pies, do chores, go berry picking. In other words, leTeni get dirty as they want to while soaking up sunshine and breathing fresh air.Winston-Salem Twin City Sentinel.

(Richmond News Leader)

Moost of Americas exercise in "culture having an uncertainty about them, a groping character that leaves us far behind the great capitals of Europe. America, the late-comer among the great Western nations, takes its culture a little too deliberately and self-consciously. Mu-suems and festivals are a novelty, not something settled tn the past life and pattern of society. But one institution is so typically American, so alive with the spirit of New York, that its disappearance would be like the death of a favorite aunt. This institution, which has been thoroughly Americanized, is also the one cultural achievement that no other country can surpass. The Metropolitan is the greatest opera company in the world.

The size, the expense, the very sootiness of "the Met are eloquent of New York. The operatic air is hardly more frenzied or glitering than the normal rhythums of the metropolis that gave the company its name. The line of "standees* that inches its way into every performance is a strange amalgam of the Village and "Little Itlay, of Brooklyn and Queens and the Bronx.

When the Depression hit the Met, all its artists were asked to take a severe cut in their pay. Only one (Benjamlno Gib-ii) refused, and for this disloyalty he lost his warm following at the Met. Caruso, once he was established at the House, never asked for a raise. In fact, he turned down such an offer: and every Christmas, stage hands and obscura people at the Met received checks from h i m. Through chronic deficits, through war, even through the onslaught of a Maria Callas, the Met kept America at the center of operatic achievement; and all America

listened in on Saturday afternoons.

But this great opera house is under heavy assault by another typical American Institution, the overweening labor union. Every year the negotiations over contracts grow more wearisome. Artist and conductors are harassed wdth absurb restrictions like that which kept Erich Leins-dorf and Fritz Reiner from recording in Europe this summer. Loyalty to the Met has been replaced, in some areas, by loyalty to the union, and battles for certain prerogatives have made the temperamental divas look like the sweet heroines they play on the stage. This year, when the new Met is being built at Lincoln Center, when costs are skyrocketing, the orchestra union asked for a raise of $78 a week, 46 per cent above present salaries. As negotiations dragged on, singers anxiously watched their crazy-qullt schedules, and some decided to avoid the uncertain No-Mans-Land of the Met this year. On Monday, Director Ru-' dolph Bing called off the coming season altogether.

The Met has canceled ita season on two earlier occasions once in 1947 and again in 1956. Boith times, late reconciliar tions allowed the Met to open after all; and music-lovcrs hope #iat this will happen again. But the complications of an opera season are reaching the borderline of chaos as the union extend their claims and quibbles. The Met is a glorious gamble for everyone concerned for contributors, dlrecters, artist: for everyone, that Is, except the unions. Musicians, like actors, now want pension plans and time-clocks. The pur-In the haran|:ues of labor leaders. those burly voices that can .silence the trumpet-peal of any tenor.

Opinions In Brief

"What is Illegitimate about pay telvision? Why should the rights of the television public be pre-empted by those who now have a stranglehold on the television industry?* Charleston (W.Va.) Gazette-Mall.

"Nearly half the states which have had these mis-named 'fair trade laws have knocked them out, one way or another. But a federal law would take the place of these abjandoned state laws and thats what the price-fixexs are after. Memphis Prese-Scimitar.

"Something Is wrong with the free enterprise system when we let lie idle tliat very production which may be the difference between our destruction and our survival, that capiwilty which would place our production well above that of Russia." Hertford County Herald.

Irrom

Many

Sources

closed page numbers, date and newspaper's name.

You think this Is a smaU thing?

Try breaking a custom or way of doing things that has been going since before you were born.

The idea wasby doing away with the really unneeded doodad at the top of the page, we would be relieving some of the saneness, lightening* the page, and at the same time provide room for another Inch or two of space for news.

Other papers had been doing It for a long time, but only by experimentation could we be satisfied.

It was found, for Instance, that in compressing the same required data in eight columns we needed a three-column line. And, on the first try, the type was too bold and the underline too black.

on the second time around. We used a lighter-face type and a lighter underline. It turned out that was what we wanted. But there was another eyesore. Column-rules were extending above the lines of type and looked something like a picket fence at the top of the page.

That was fixed.

Voila! We had it?

All this is small stuff In changing and development of a newspapers appearance; but we learned something . . . most surprisingly of all, a resistance to change (even in myself) from doing things as they had been accepted for many, many years.

Incidentally, when wais the last time you tried getting out of an accustomed rut?

BY GEORGE E. SOKOLSKY Copyriglii. iMl, Kiag Fealnree ByiidieMe, Inc.

Every nation engage# in yari-ous nsethods of gathering intelli-gence. including eiq;ri<mage. Intelligence is imowledge and knowledge Is hard to come by. * A President of the United States should be informed accurately and minutely concerning the particulars of ersnts and personalities. Ffk* this purpose, information comes from mady sources. Somt is true; most s false to a degree because human beings ami goveroments have motives or are biased or even <^tnionated. The problem then is to evaluate wbat comes in.

Evaluation is dJffleutt lor stv-cral reasons:

1. The" evaluator must know the subject minutely and must have sufficient background and sound use of judgement to distinguish the true, the possible, the false. This, every eompetent newspap^ r^x)rter must do every day or he would find himself ki (Bifiouhtes, including libel sitits. In the Cuban fiasco, it is obvious that the CIA and the Joint Chiefs-of-Staff evaluar tors were ot cwble of separa--ting the wheat from the chaff. It is clear, beyond doubt, that P^ident Kennedy was not ad-egdately and accurately informed concerning the situation in Cuba or among the refugee groups In New York and Miami because of poor evaluation of information provided to him by the CIA or the Joint Chiefs-of-Staff or the State Department.

2. Evaluation is a technique which requires rigid adherence to a system from which there must be no deviation because of personal responses to data or individuals. A police organization, like the FBI, never discards Information and does not evaluate data as true or false until it has to be used. There-iare, the FBI has always opposed making their green flies available to outside eyes. Tliese files contain raw, unprocessed information some of which may be wholly untrue but none of which is discarded because untruthful data may serve as sure leads to correct information. Under such eircumstaaees the evaluator may come to a file that seems unrelated to^ the subject under consideration,*^Yet, it leads him to a conclusion and an arrest.

3. Political informaUoei is more difficult to evaluate than <a1mi-nal informatkm. A criminal may leave fingerprints; a politician may leave no footprints on the sands of time. Governments are defensive Mars even to their own people. No government therefore may be trusted with regard to data without specialized evaluation based upon keen knowledge of policy, of histdry, of the relatkmshlp between one government and another.

4. All information has to do with words and words have different meanings and different values among different people. For Instance, when President Roosevelt or Truman spoke to Stalin about democracy, they really meant government by choice as stated in the Declaration of Independence. Government by choice makes this a representative republic in which the people select the govenunept by direct franchise and freely discuss its policies.

Stalin oould not understand that. Khrushchev does not understand that. Qovemment to them is something very distinct from the people. In fact, they speak in official oommuni-catious at the "the government and people.'* WMle rneir social and ecoQomio ideals are a Leninist interpretation at Marxism.' their political struoiure remains akin to ttiat of Ivan the Terrible. To Roosevelt and Tmman, democracy meant the right of i the people to control their gov- emment; to Stalin, the govern- ' ment was an instrument of power under the tutdiage of those who controa a political party | which chooses the- goremment.

Whereas we refer to their rulers as dictators, they refer to ours as nionopohsts. Actually, it is easier for us to understand the Soviet concept than it Is' for them to uoderstand ours whiph seems to them chaotie and sonfueed.

The evaluator of data from' such a country has to understand the essential difference^n words. Por instaeiee, Oomnm-nLsts throughout the Wbrld use what have oome to be caped Aesopian tennlnology, H that is what they ehooee to use, an evaluatt* must besme totally (Continued on paga six) j

Nikita Provided New Araument

By ELMER ROESSNER

Strength For Today

By EARL L. DOUGLAS.S TIIOKN.S AND ACHIEVEMENT

Practically all wild birds cast their young ones out of the nest at a certain time. If they did not do this, the fledglings would luxuriate 'in the soft nest and perhaps never learn to face the storm and seek their own food.

The eagle has the best scheme of all, Mr. and Mrs. Eagle make their nests out of thorns, which they cover with soft down. When the elders think that the youngsters have have enough feeding and coddlilig, they do not cast them out of the nest as other birds do; they simply scratch out the down and the .horn* do the rest.

It Is amazing how we have to be goaded Into doing most of

the things which in later life we recognize ta have been mo.st advantageous for us. It often takes tlie sharp spur of necessity to make us diligent, prompt, ambitious. It may very well be that the crown of thorns which our Lord wore had a symbolic meaning. It may have been designed to set forth the fact that most achievement comes as the result ot our being pricked and goaded by thorns of necessity. And so when our Lord stood forth the perfection of humanity. He wore a crown of thorns upon his brow to remind mankind forever that in the sinful and Imperfect old world In which we live, thorns and achievement bear to each other the reiaUon* ship of cause and effect. ^

The group in and out of government urging the socialization of electric power have upually argued that government-generated power is sold cheaper than that produced by private cnter-pri.se.

Thats usuaUy true largely becau.se government power plant.s pay no actual taxes, while private power companies pay much. And, the more efficiently the compajiies operate, the more taxes they pay because most of the taxes arc levied on profits.

The fact that the BonnevUle generators on the Columbia River have been losing up to $13 milliop a year, and the fact that several power companies have offered to distribute Juice cheaper than the govermncnt can, take some of the steam out of the economy argument.

However. Nikita Khrushchev this week presented the government - ownership group with a

new argument for expansion of government operations in the power field.

A QUESTIONABLE POSITION

ning for 10 to 10 years in ths future.

On a recent swing around the country, I saw some of the current expansion.

It is that America, facing the possibility of war. must step up Its power potential. Electric power will be needed in rapidly rising kilowatts for the manufacture of missiles, planes, rockets and oth^r weapons. Furthermore. the argument runs, only the government can finance and create this expansion.

This argument is buttressed by the known fact that Russia has been increasing its electric power production tremendously in recent years. This week Ignaty Novikov, Soviet Minister of Power State Construction, said Riutsia had passed ail industrial nations except the United. States in electric power.

American power companies agree that more power will be needed. They point out that they have plan* for expansion run-

NUCLEAR, WATER AND GAS PLANTS

Near Sioux Falls. 8.D., I saw the Pathfinder Plant, now in the final year of constructi. A group of power companies, without a bit of your tax dollar, are bringing in a nuclear power plant that will generate 66,000 kilowatts of electricity. It will use government fission material, but it will pay for It.

In Oregon, I saw how Portland General Electric is harnessing the CHacamas River to pro

duce hydroelectric power, and I Id tJ

saw plam to extend this system to power-generating dams up

the riverwith no government largess.

NOT A LINCOLN PENNY

At Humboldt Bay. near Eureka. Calif., I saw concrete being poured into a reactor with

which Pactfic Gas k Eleeirie will geoerate 00,000 kilowatts. The plant is oostizkg IW.6 mil-hon, not a penny of which ornea out of your taxes.

At Vallecitos. Calif., I fkw over the first nuskar power plant operating in the XTnlted States, which the P.G. k K. and General E3ectrle built without tax larding.

And at Sterllngtoo, La., I saw the Little Gypsy plant, named after an old plantation on the site, of Louisiana Powo: k Light, the worlds first fully aatomatio power plant. This plant is fen-, erating 247,000 kilowatts (rf power. Texas gas supplies tiie beat for the steam, but the plant is ready to use Ohio ooal if gas gets too expensive. Again, not a Lincoln penny of taxes paid iat this expansion.

The power companies hav a good argument: II there if a crisis, let private industry take up the burden of power expansion, leaving the govemmebt free to concentrate m defease.

I