PAGE FOURTHE DAILY REFLECTOR, GREENVILLE, N. C

Tuesday, July 25, 1961

Tuesday, July 26, 1961

The Open-Wiiidow Policy Pays Off

Scat!

A

With its second successful manned space flight Soviet Union, undertaken in full public view, the United States has The open-window policy adopted by the United achieved another psychological victory of the space States in its space testing is, in our opinion, a wise deage and has likewise shown that its program toward cisin. It has provided for the American space promanned probes of space is steadily moving forward, grj-ani considerably more publicity around the world By openly conducting its two tests of manned than otherwise could have possibly been expected, and flights into space, the United States clearly took a at the same time it has shown to the world that the calculated risk on the success of the flights. Had either United States has great confidence in the progress of been unsuccessful there would have been throughout its space program. \

the world an adverse affect up^the prestige of the United States. The fact that boththe flight by Cmdr. Sheppard and the more recent flight by Capt. Grissom were successful has bolstered confidence within the United States and abroad in the American space program.

The contrast between these space tests and those of the Soviet Uhion which have been closely guarded secrets is obvious throughout the world, The United States has set a pattern of allowing the world to view its tests whether they are successes or failures. The Soviet Union, on the other hand, has followed the course of announcing what it decides to announce about its space tests . . . and usually considerably after the tests have been completed.

This difference in the attitudes of the two governments alone has brought about considerable question-

Even though thcrel may be failures in the future which are viewed by the public at home and abroad, the very fact that the U.S. maintains its open-window'* policy on space tests will continue stand this nation in good stead in the eyes of people at home and abroad.

Understandably A Hurricane-Nervous

Bit

It is understandable that Tar Heelsparticularly those in the eastern part of the statebecame edgy

last week when the tropical disturbance far to the south became the first full-blown hurricane of the . ^ ^ 1 rru X.. 4. season. And it is also understandable that these same

^ successes by many peop e. e c pgQpjg breathed a sigh of relief when the storm settled

that the United States has publicly acknowledged ^ many failures in its space .program while the Soviet ir K cfatpq Union has acknowledged only successful tests raises

the question of Soviet failures. It likewise casts a shadow of suspicion on the claims of success by the

iVIotorists Mee

Some Obstacles

By LYNN NKBET

BARRICADESAlmost every trip on any main highway In North Carolina is interrupted from time to time by signs noting that there is a barricade ahead. These slow-downs and short detours constitute a nuisance for the traveler, but every sensible person understands they are necessary for the construction of more adequate roads. Some impatient motorists are vexed, but nobody gets mad. The temporary inconvenience is accepted as part of the Installment payment on improved travel facilities.

There is another type of impediment to continuous travel that bobs up occasionally and alw'ays without advance warning. That is when a law enforcement officer, with or without uniform identification, holds up a big hand to stop the motorist and charge him with violation of a traffic lawmostly speeding, but sometimes slow-poking or illegal passing. Despite the publicity given a few incidents of this kind which are unjustified, numerous investigations have proven that in preponderant majority of the cases the officer wa.s right and the motorist wrong. Investigations also have disclosed that too often when the officer was right in the first impression, subsequent handling of the charges left much to be desired. Honesty compels confession that there have been some Illegally operated "speed traps resulting from coUuslon between officers and inferior courts. The excessive publicity accorded these incidents tends to indicate they are exceptions, and that most travelers on most miles of Tarheel highways are treated fairly and courteously when accosted for traffic violations. However, Just one too many and the goal is to eliminate them all.

INEXCUSABLE-There Is stUl another class of road-blocking, perhaps less prevalent, but a bigger nuisance and utterly without excuse. That Is the practice employed by some local civic-minded and patriotic groups of holding up travelers to collect funds for charitable drives. The plan works somewhat like this:

The Jaycees In some town wants to raise money to equip a playground for the kids. Or the Kiwanis Gub want* to buy

uniforms for junior league ball team. Or the womans club is trying to build and equip a library. It may be any named civic minded group or a church society.

So the enthusiastic members put on special hat bands or aprons and move enmasse out to the highway near town, where they stop every motorist and offer to sell a fruit cake, or a chance on an automobile raffleor just ask for a dime or a dollar contribution "for the cause.

These volunteers work hard and doubtless get a glow of satisfaction out of the service they render. Most of them are unconscious of the hazards they put in the way of highway traffic, and would be very much hurt to be bracketed in the .same class with the masked highwaymen who used to hold up stage coaches and rob the passengers. Yet it is in fact unauthorized and unlawful interference with free use of highways and results most times in bad feeling on part of the accosted traveler. The situation is aggravated by the fact that many of the traveler.s who are stopped have no knowledge of or remote Interest in the projects for which the hold-up crew is soliciting. If such activity is not a violation of .statutory law. it certainly violate.^ the rules of courtesy and traffic safety.

FORMULAA young busine.ss man who appears to be on the way up, suggests this fomuila for .succe.ss; "The only way a man can get ahead this day and time is to be .so busy making money he doesnt have time to spend it.

NEWSPAPERSMore copies of daily newspapers are sold every day in the United States than packs of cigarettes, bottles of milk, or loaves of bread. There will be published today more than 58 million daily newspapers, and one copy at least will go into each of 46 million homes out of the 52 million in the country.

For these new.spapers the people of the United States .spend $3,794,000 a day. $30,851.000 a weekand more than one billion, six hundred and four million dollars a year.

The.se facts were gathered from the data collected by the American Newspaper Publishers Association.

The Daily Reflector

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In recent years hurricanes have caused damage along the Carolina coast running into millions of dollars. Some residents along the coast have seen their homes swept away and others have suffered severe damage. Many farmers on one or more occasions have seen almost an entire year's work destroyed by wind, rain and rising water, others have seen their fields heavily damaged.

Little wonder, then, that Eastern North Carolina has become hurricane-shy. Little wonder that even the .suggestion of a hurricane in the making a couple of thousand miles to the South causes the people to follow with great interest the development and movement of the storm.

There is no way of knowing what the current hurricane season will bring to Eastern North Carolina. But there is some consolation in the fact that the section, now experienced with these storms, has learned to take precautions to minimize the loss of property insofar as possible and to keep injuries and loss of life to a minimum. At the outset of another hurricane season, Tar Heels might well review the list of hurricane precautions advised in the past and prepare themselves to cope with a hurricane emergency should one come to this area in the next few months.

SMcNauJt STyndictte,

By PATRICIA MOORE

Now About

Guinea Pios

Here Is a human intere.st st<wy so labeled by persons other than yours truly):

It seems that one ABC agent H. B. Lilley was talking to a person who will be unnamed. First he told this person about three snakes {rattlesnakes > Which he killed near some

bridge in Pitt County after Sunday's sudden rain. The snakes had come up to the drier road. The moral to this one is dont go near the w^ater in this particular spK>t after a rain in the summer.

Then Mr. Lilley commenced to teU this unidentified person

Well Compare

Chats

Other Editors Sayings...

E. Germany Bleeds Away

r iresiae

(Richm<Hid New* Leader)

By JAMES MARLOW

WASHINGTON (AP)By the time President Kennedy finishes his TV and radio talk to the nation tonight those who remember President Roosevelt, grand-daddy of the fireside chat, will bo comparing the two men.

This is Inevitable, but it is too soon for solid apprai.sals. There are .similarities between them. But there are also sharp con-tra.sts. The problems they Inherited are very different.

In a flip moment years ago Gertrude Stem called Ezra Pound a "village explainer. In these confused times a president must be a national explainer and a persuader, too, if he wants public support.

Roosevelt had an instinct for this. Kennedy has seemed hesitant about it.

Theodore H. White, a reporter who last year covered both the primary and presidential campaigns and has now written an excellent book about them "The Making o the President I960says:

"Franklin D. Roosevelt, more than any other president, could exert American influence on the great outer world because he knew how to mobilize the internal politics of America to support Americas purpose. A president governing the United States can move events only if he can first persuade, .

Roosevelt had a beginning advantage over Kennedy in leader-,ship. He was governor of New York before he was president. It was while he was governor that he began hus fire.side chats to New Yorkers and found they worked.

No w'onrier he made quick u.se of the technique in the White House. He had hi.s tirst national fire.sirie chat at the end of his fir.'ii week in the presidency, as-.surmg people their money In the clo.sed banks was .secure.

KeuniHly has been on TV many times .since January but his first direct talk to tlie people didn't come until June 6 This Wa.s mostly limited to a report on hi.* Vienna meeting with Premier Khru.shchev,

Tonight.s talk wull be the fli.st In the classic tradition of explaiu-luK and per-suadine Thi.s. unlike Roo.sevelt.s flr.st talk on financial .security, will be on national .security: dealing with Rirs.sia

and defending Berlin.

The difference in the nature of the two mens talks is the difference in the major problems they inherited. For Roosevelt it was domestic, for Kennedy foreign. Roosevelt stepped into an immediate showdown. Kennedys showdown was still months away.

Roosevelt inherited a country flat on its back, broke, with over 13 million unemployed. The United States then was isolationist and remote. The trouble in Europe was years away.

Kennedy inherited a recession, and oyer five million unemployed. But there was no emergency. He knew where the real trouble lay.

A month before his election he had predicted: "The next president in the first year is going to be faced with a very serious situation with our defense of Berlin . . .It is going to be a test of our nerve and will. Sure enough, in June Khrushchev made Berlin an issue.

The similarities between Roosevelt and Kennedy are less subtle than the differences. Both promised action and provided it, but not always. Both were experienced politicians as they showed in their early dealings with Congress, Each showed in his first inaugural address he could manufacture memorable phrases.

James MacGregor Burns, who has written biographies of both men, said Roosevelt In his early days hated to antagonize people. This goes far to explain the mis-mash of early legislation Roosevelt threw at Congress. Burns says, Try as he might, the most resourceful political philosopher could not extract consistency from the Jumble.

Kennedy doesnt go out of his way to make enemies in Con-gre.'s, either. For example: his failure to make good on his campaign promise of quick action on civil rights legislation, which would have antagonized Southern Dernocrat.s.

Some Roosevelt Kennedy differences showed up at the .start of their presidencies.

As .soon as he was .sworn la March 4. 1933, Roo.sevelt called a .special se.ssion of Congress to pa.ss emergency banking legislation. But he apprently still (Continued on page five)

The United States formal statement on Berlin now has been followed by Mr, Kennedys supplementary statement before his Wednesday press conference. Because this newspaper has been sharply critical of the Administrations delays and equivocations on Berlin, it is all the more gratifying to be able to say that the two statements Impress us as excellent presentations of the Western position. It took Mr, Kennedy an unconscionable time to say what he should have said a month ago, but this double-barreled reply to Mr. Khrushchev, now that it has been fired, is right on target.

In addition to all the excellent reasons summarized by Mr. Kennedy for maintenance of American rights reasons that are rooted in law and in national honor-other considerations, less exalted but nonetheless real, strongly support an American posture of firmness at this time. We have in mind especially the growing weakness of the Soviet satellite known as "East Germany. Here is an advantage to be carefully exploited, if only the cards are rightly played.

The East German Republic, so called, is bleeding desperately- In the past several weeks, the flow of refugees from the Communist East into the haven o< West Berlin has become a flood. Upwards of 1,500 persons a day are pouring into the Marienfelde Refugee Center. Overwhelmingly, these are the young and the industrious. Three-quarters of the refugees are under 45. Their mass flight, taken under the risk of prison terms if they are caught, is damning evidence of the unpopularity of the Communist regime.

East Germany stands alone In one respect: It is the only country in Europe now losing population. Despite a high birth rate. It has lo.4t more than a million persons, net, in the past twelve

years. Those who have fled to freedom have left mounting problems behind. Critical labor shortages have compelled the Communist rulers to press women into industrial jobs, to impose a six-day work week, and to abandon many plans once trumpeted for industrial expansion. Housing schedules are far behind: East German currency is nearly worthless; production of milk and cheese continues to drop.

More significant still, as the WaH Street Journay reported the other day, are the multiplying sign.s of political rebellion. Recent weeks have seen the Communists 68-year-old puppet, Walter Ulbricht, openly heckled. Letters have appeared in the East German press suggesting that German reunification is more important than a separate peace treaty with Russia.

These and other symptoms speak of a political sickness that must give Mr. Khrushchev serious qualms. If East Germany itself can not be relied upon in a showdown called for the benefit of Ea.st Germany, Soviet prestige could well be damaged rather than enhanced by forcing the Berlin issue. Germans who live in the Soviet zone are still Germans, an intelligent and strong-minded people. Can Mr. Khrushchev be certain of their submissiveness? Absolutely certain?

We are certainly not suggesting that cloak-and-dagger boys from "the CIA be rushed into Ea^t Germany bearing amateur plans to stir up an abortive revolution. We are suggesting that every device of propaganda and political maneuver be employed against the Ulbricht regime. The weaker its hold on the resentful people of East Germany, the stronger the Western position becomes in the eyes of Europe. The Communists are in trouble In East Germany; but their troubles are not yet so bad that the West, by skillful action, could not make them worse.

Quote ...

A Race To Be

Won

about a guinea pig which a little boy has. He began by telling this p>erson that the boy has a guinea pig- Then he continued by saying that he picked up the animal (ugh) by the tail and that is something you should r*ot do with guinea pigs since their eyes are affected and will fall out (Ugh).

(This gets w'orse as you go along).

So the moral to that one i* that you should not pick up said animal by said appendage.

However, the listener did not fall for that old line. No, sir. That person remembered a lot of things read in the past and immediately chimed in about eyes being attached to muscles and all such things (which may or may not be true, but it sounded gcxxi) and so Mr. Lilley could not possibly be telling the .straight truth. This person went on and on.

This person may have been right. But Mr. Lilley was going to have his say and his day. It was he, who in the end, triumphed. After all the tirade was over, Mr. Lilley concluded by informing the audience which had now gathered that these terrible little animals didnt even have tails. So knowledge about eyes and such doesnt seem to matter. In this case. It wasnt practical.

The moral? Dont ask us. We are merely the victims of circumstances*.

Another little interesting epi-.sode occurred this morning a,s we were begimiing our descent from our driveway, and half Way down we woke up abruptly when w'e noticed some silver No-park signs on high stands out in front of our house and one acros the street. There were three cars parked there, but no parking tickets.

Well, that served a purpose. It woke us up and prepared u* for the kind of life we humans lead, ironic and twisting, never to be trusted.

Those sigas, we concluded after waking, were put there by a person or persons suspected, but not by the police department who would have done a much more thorough job of things.

At least we parked In the drive for a change. ,

"When the grass looks greener on the other side of the fence, it may be that they take better care of it over there. Carlsbad Current-Argus.

By GEORGE E. SOKOLSKT

Copyright, 1961, King Features Syndicate, Inc-

The evidence of survival is sui--vival; the evidence of victory is in the attainment of g()als and purposes. In our conflict with Soviet Russia, it cannot be said that we are succeeding or failing because we have not stated our goals and purposes; we have not made it clear that wo have any or want any. Instead, it would appear that we are playing along by ear. From Roosevelt through Eisenhower, ours has been an exercise in opportunism and we have survived.

However, the arms race is a practical factor in the batUe for survival from two standpoints:

1. The actual accumulation of the means of destruction and defense in such quantities and efficiencies that there can be no doubt as to eventual victory;

2. What will such preparedness do to our economy; what will it do to our social and political institutions? How much can we afford to expend of our na^ tional wealth before we are forced to lower our standard of living? Or to put it another way, can we maintain our ^ay of life, both economically ahd politically, under the pressure of prolonged preparation for war?

Senator J. W. Pulbright, chairman of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, has said:

"The answer, of course, is policy. We must develop policies against which we can i^perly evaluate our initiatives and our responses to critical event*. We must also develop style.

It i* a little late in the game to develop policies. We have been engaged in an effort to establish world leadership lor years. During that period, changes have been wrought In human institutions such as have not been made in a thousand years or more. Do we move like an inhuman juggernaut, not haow-ing where we go, responding to challenges by enormous efforts and then subsiding to hck our wounds?

This is not functioning aoeord-cording to p<^y a* the Mooroe Doctrine, the Hay Open Door Policy, the freedom of the aeas which were specific American policies to which we adhered rigidly. We could gamble that in such matters we meajit what we said and that we would act if the events called upon aa to support ottr posttion.

When Senator Pulbright aees the word, style, It is much like saying that our oppd:unlsm has been undignified and even meaningless. His own definition of tlw term is:

"It is styleour performance as a nation and a great power that determine* the credibility of our policies. In the present struggle, style is as important as power.

The functioning of the State Department during the first half year of the Kennedy Administration has been without style as Senator Fulbright defines it. The fault has been in the Presidents desire to assemble as much talent as he could get to work under one roof.

But he brought together too many men who regard themselves of equal rank and wisdom. Thus the President and Secretary of State have been faced by the private views of Chester Bowles, who regards himself as an expert on Asia, although his only relationship to that continent has been a short tenure as Ambassador to India. There he fell under the mystic spell of Nehru whose concern is India, not the United States.

Just as Bowles has been confusing American policy toward Asia, so must Allen Dulles of the CIA assume full responsibility for the Cuban fiasco. Just as Anthony Eden resigned when the Suez fiasco brought obloquy upon his government, so Allen Dulles should have resigned when the activities of the CIA regarding Chiba proved to be amateurish and ridiculous.

There can be an excess of talent. That is why no symphony orchestra is made up of concert artists, each one of whom plays according to his own interpretation. Such an orchestra would sound like a collection of madmen and that, of course, is w'hat happens when toomuch talent is brought together under the roof of the State Department. Dean Rusk, Dean Acheson, (Continued on page five)

.S. Attention Not Divertec.

Strength For Today

By EARL L. DOUGLASS

BETTER AS IT IS

William Penn was at one time dunng lus career the largest English land owner. He owned that portion of the United States now known as Pennsylvania, Yet it was while he, had this huge a-mount of real estate that he was thrown Into prison for debt.

We have often heard of people being land poor. We are sometimes rich on one side of onr lives and poor on the other. Often we look at people and wish we might exchange places with them, Tlwy have popularity, good looks, money. Influence. an<l social position. Oh, If we could only trade places with them! What a relief it would be to get

out of this humdrum existence of ours.

Yet few people, if they knew the truth, would exchange their lot for the lot of anyone else. William Penn had vast areas of land, but throughout the whole of his life he was plagued with money trouble. George Washington had every honor that could be conferred on a human being, yet he was always, short of cash. Furthermore, he carried about with him the memory of poignant dl.sappolntments.

The Lord knew what He was about when He put us right where we are doing the w(wk we are doing everv dHv, Dont iry'^fo Improve on the Lord. You may end up getting a rap aaoss your knuckles.

By ELMER ROESSNER

The Berlin crisis is not diverting United States attention from the critical situation in Latin America. In fact, some in Washington think the Berlin affair was engineered to soften Yankee determination to aid Latin Americans. (However, more believe it was designed to divert Russians attention from food and economic failure at home). So:

Expect greater efforts to shore up Latin American governments, expecially the democratic ones, agid:

Look for a coffee-price plan

that will stabilize income* of the coffee republics. This could do more to restore prosperity and good prosperity and good w'ill south of the border than two brigades of Peace Corps-men.

Taft-Hartley Act amendment is coming. Wa.shington agrees. President ^ Kennedy'.s greatest embarrassment so far waa the necessity of invoking the Taft-Hartley Act, which he opposed in Congress, to stave off national calamity in the shipping; strike. Loyal Democrat.* are working on a new labor law

which will permit interdiction of critical strikes without putting JFK on the ho tspot. SLACK-PACKS VULNERABLE

More packaging complaints W'ill be aired despite the adjournment of Congress. The subcommittee headed by Seiutor Philip A. Hart iD.) Mich, will continue investigations during recess and when Congre.ss reconvenes in the fall, will trigger a blast that will singe many food manufacturer.s. If you have a beef, write Senator Hart, Senate Office Building, Washington 25. D. C.)

Zfnc-lead production aid may soon come from Congress, for small companies if not large ones. The producers of these metals have had hard times in recent years and because of rising defense needs, it may be necessary to provide government subsidies, especially for smaller companies.

More apartments available. Rental construction appears' to have cauKht up with family formation, and families have wider choice of rentals in mlddlc-cla.ss apartment buildings However, single-familjt homes are

still about level with demand. SPEED UP SIGNAL

More small defense contracts. The Defense Department, trying to anticipate pressure from Congre.ss, 1* insisting that prime contractors spread more subcontracts with small firms. Prime contractors are being given the tip that unless they take such action, Congress will make it mandatory.

Lua boom; The fad for "lu-aus, Polynesian banquets, is spreading fast. There are rising demand for Oceanic foods and for equipment for cooking them. Pacific hotels and Hawwian resorts are featuring luau foo. (the variety Is endless) and luau restaurants are springing up all over. Many businessmen wUl ask: "Can I make a food, a utensil or an accessory that can ride this fad? Yes answers pay off.

A sensational new agriculture, technique, which Involves neither chemicals nor atomic radiation. 1^111 be disclased by the Department of Agriculture In a few days. It may Increase American agricultural production vastly. SAYS SENATOR PROXMIRE

HAS PENNIES CROSSED

The Old Promoter was iratt today about proposed laws to withhold a share of dividends and interest at the source. He was particularly angry about a statement by Senator WiUiam Proxmire, who said the process was very simple. "Simiriy send the Treasury a check at the cost of a 4-cent stamp. That is the entire cost. It could cost a corporation, no matter how big it is, only 16 cents a year, the Senators statement said,

"The Senator. said the Old One, "Is nuts. The postage may be 4 cents, but the cost of computing the withholding, the cost of writing the letter, the cost of reporting the deduction to the investor, the cost of reporting the withholding to the government, and the co&t of writing and signing the check, and ths cost of auditing the accounts, would bs nearer $16 than 16 cents a year. For less than $16, the Senator could mail his head from Madison, Wisconsin, to the Mayo Clinic.

We calmed the sM on# down, but he was still mumbllnf when he left.

1