PAGE FOUKTHE DAILY REFLECTR, GREENVILLE, N. C

Tuesday, July 1, 1961

Tuesday, July 18, 1961

Inducements Coll For Re-Evaluating

Wonderful Wizards of Washington

LAfi,T WVARCH

c>

Location of the new Beaunit Mills, Inc. plant near Hamilton in Martin County has created considerable interest throughout Eastern North Carolina because of the economic importance of a new large industrial plant in the area. '

It has also created interest among other communities interested in industrial development because of the fact that the people of Martin County made a cash gift of $150,000 to the Beaunit company as a part of the arrangement for locating the plant in that county.

Reports on the location of the new industry in Martin County said the $150,000 gift to the company entered the^picture only because other commpities which were under consideration as a possible site for the new' plant \vere offering similar concessions to the company. In the case of Martin County it was a case of meeting the competition in the battle for the new plant.

There can be no question about the fact that the people of Martin County have made an excellent investment by providing the $150,000 gift to the company. The 700 jobs which will be provided by the

'Does The Effort

Match 1933s?

By LYNN MSBET

There are many reasons suggesting that the quality education program sponsored by Governor Sanford and enacted Into law by the recent Legislature has been overrated. It Irii-volves more money than any proposal for public school support In all state history. That gives It pre.stige and justifies recognition as a very big deal.

Yetone Is disposed to question whether the 1961 effort is really as great as was the 1933 enactment of a sales tax to keep the schools open. The situation then was desperate. Governor Ehringhaus and the Legislature faced imminent probability of school doors closing. To avoid that they took the courageous and unprecedented course of enacting a sales tax. The sales tax was born out of travail of two sessions of the General Assembly and it was an Intensely lively issue in two other.s, until it was accepted as the basic part of the revenue program.

There was no threat this year that the schools would close. To the contrary, they were assured of greatly increased support. The Advisory Budget CommLssion had recommended, and wrote into the budget ab-propriation bill, an increase of $46 million more for the 1961-63 biennium than had been available for the 1959-61 period. That not only assured continuation of the schools, but meant some real improvement.

Governor Sanford envisaged a higher quality education program. He asked for and obtained an additional $.56 million for public schools, not to keep the schools open and for rea.sonable improvement but for a quality level above anything that had before been offered. And to finance that program he suggested re-instatement of many items originally covered by the 1933 sales tax. but which had through the years been exempted from the tax.

EXEMPTIONS-A good deal has been said about the 1961 act eliminating exemptions and making the 3 percent sales tax apply across the board. It does no such thing. The tax was made to apply to basic foods, newspaper circulation and several other items which had been exempt, but there remain a lot of exemptions from any sales tax and the rate of some Items is one or one and one-half percent, instead of three, and a maximum limit of collectible taxes was set up for a, number of items.

The 1961 sales tax Is still a selective commodity tax. with exc^Hions and exemptions to make sure that certain favored segments of busine.ss do not have to pay the same full rate of tax as other non-favored seg

ments must pa^'.

Even with these exemptions the expanded sfles tax coverage is estimated to produce sufficient money to finance the quality education program .spomsored by the administration. Again, it should be remembered that this is not the first time long strides toward quality in the public schools have been tak-ne. Institution of the ninth month and twelfth grade some years ago had the same objective of enriching and improving the established order of public schools.

In those instances the Legislature postively required the improvements. There was no option left with school people about the ninth month or the twelfth grade. The 1961 Legislature provided enough money and suggested a blue-print of activities to greatly improve the schools, but there is no mandate involved. The teachers will get higher salaries and their work load will be reduced. The belief Is that these advantages will produce better education for the pupils. The fact is, however, that such Improvement will come only If the school folks utilize the new tools given them, not because of legislative mandate.

HIGHWAY SAFETY It is common practice to berate the Legislature for doing nothing to promote highway safety. The charge cannot be substantiated. It is true that two of the pet major bills sponsored by the Motor Vehicles Department failed of passage mechanical inspection and chemical tests for determining content of alcohol in the system. Many people in and out of the Legislature are not sure about the real value of mechanical Inspection, even less about the provisions of the bUI offered. And there are questions about how making it easier to convict a driver of being drunk could prevent the accident which occurred hours before the test could be given.

Traffic safety was promoted by enactment of bills strengthening the point system as basis for Kuspen.slon of driving license; provision for credit rating on insurance for accident-free drivers; making it a.s much violation of the law to slow-poke in traffic as to exceed the speed limit, and requirement for .safety belt anchors on new cars. Highway safety also was .served by failure to enact some bad law.s, such as permission for over-sized vehicle.s, mail-order renewal of drivers license without examination, and others.

Legislature sometimes can render greater service by refusing to enact bad laws than In passage of wholesome pasUlve legislation. The advocates of Inspection and drunkometers would have us believe.

(.Second of three articles)

The Da3y Reflector

INCORPORATED

Published Every Aftemuon Except Sunday EflUblished 1882 DAVID JULIAN WHICHARD. Publiiher nttred at Poat Office. OraenvUle. N 0 aa Moond elaa maO mattCT. *

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NAnONAt aOt'ESTlSlNO REPRBSENTATfVRi Ihomae F. Olarfc Oo, Inc.. New York, (Ihlcafo, Atlanta. Membwr Audit Bureau of CirealatioiL

All advertMtng copy miiet be raoetved at least one day before

publlcatloo date.

multi-million dollar plant will return many fold to the county and its people the aippunt of the gift. The fact that the people of Martin County were willing to make personal contributions totalling that amount to be presented to the company clearly indicates their desire to have the plant located in their county.

With the knowledge that the $150,000 gift to the company was one of the factors which brought about the location of the new Beaunit Mills plant in Martin County, other county and comipunity development groups throughout Eastern Carolina might well re-evaluate their policies toward giving special considerations to top flight industrial prospects.

Over a period of years North Carolina has refused to allow special tax considerations or other similar government-sponsored concessions to industries in spite of the fact that other states have used the.<e tools successfully in luring industries. There has likewise been the prevailing opinion in North Carolina that industrial development built on giving special consideration to companies to attract them to the state may not in the long run be a wise policy.

In Eastern North Carolina particularly, perhaps the time has come for us to reconsider what might he considered a reasonable concession to gain an industry . . . such as the gesture which was made by the people of Martin County.

Can this area expect to compete with other more industrialized areas in the future unless it meets competition in the field of industrial development? Has the time ccihie when there is* a need for a more flexible attitude toward special inducements for first-rate industrial prospects when these inducements might mean the difference between their locating in this area or selecting a site in some other section or some other state?

Have we here in Pitt County missed out on possible industries because we have not been in step with trends elsewhere on this particular point?

Here in Eastern North Carolina where the surface is just being scratched in the development of the economy through in^dustry, every new success in locating a major new industry should be analyzed carefully to determine the difference between success and previous failures. Such analysis may provide valuable information which may enable a community to be successful rather than unsuccessful with its next important industrial prospect.

MOVM

/ TRE'( CW*T AFFORh GOOh ^CHOOL^i VO "RiCH" INhUSTRtAU STACTE^ Vrtll H TO COMTRiBUTEf

By DON SCHLIENZ

mDrobabilities

Abound.

argely Swayec.

Trite but true: North Carolinas beaches are a constaat source of wonderment.

3y Emotions

By JA.MES MARLOW

WASHINGTON CAP)One of the most amazing revelations from ex-Communlsts is that they did not think their way into the party. They felt their way in, They got out for the same reason.

It was not intellect. It was emotion.

Many were intellectuals who devoted years of their lives to a cause they neither understood nor analyzed. One historic example, Whittaker Chambers, died a week ago.

Yet another Intellectual, Bertrand Russell, as early as 1920 in his book, The Practice and Theory of Bolshevism, was able to under.stand communism so clearly only three years after the Bolshevik Revolution that he could predict its direction.

Why w'as he able to see straight and others not?

He could think coldly, even where he himself was concerned for he also advocated socialism; he had historical perspective; he had a good enouiih mind not to have illusions about mankind no matter what banner it waved; and he was personally adjusted to his times and his environment.

RUvSsell emphasized that under the kind of communism practiced In the Soviet Union all powder in the hands of an elite made the .sacrifice of the Individual inevitable.

For many years afterward this central inevitability of communismthe Insignificance of the Individualwas ignored or unperceived by hosts of Intellectuals who jumped into the party and .squirmed out.

For many of them, eventually. Communist disregard for the individual became the point at which they felt their dLsillusion-ment began. Chambers said Sla-llns purges of the old Bolshe-vik.s ill the middle 1930s was a major turning point for him Actually. it tiad begun long before, deep within him.

Chambers became fhmou.s when he di.scloscd he had been a (Communist, courirr in an espionage ring whicli Involved the State Department and one of its important officials. Alger Hiss.

Later he wrotp a book, "Wit-ne.ss. about his life. Its a tortured document. He .sought to,Indcale hLs break with the party was the re.sull of cerebration. Hut if was too emotional for that. Just as lus joining the party wa.s

He wrote that he winced at

the failure of people to understand that a "man does not, as a rule, become a Communist because he is attracted to communism but because he is driven by despair by the crises of history through which the world is passing.

Arthur Koestler, another Communist, thought pretty much the same. In The God That Failed, a collection of testaments by ex-Communists published in 1949, Koestler said a faith is not acquired by reasoning.

He said persuasion may play a part in inducing a man to join the party but that the real reasons lie deeper, perhaps beyond an individual's understanding. He pointed to his own impoverished background as a cause.

The same would explain a party in many cases, as it did in that of Chambers. He traced the beginnings of his own break to one night when he looked at his daughters ear and suddenly thought it must have been made by God. For years he had had no belief in God. Unan.swer-ed is; When did his belief begin. and why and how?

He .said, Man without mysticism is a monster. Yet. until that moment of looking at an ear he had considered himself materialistic only. But the Stalin purges became the tangible moment at which he said he knew he had to break.

Yet Chambers was almost a cla.s.sic type for candidacy in the party although he didnt understand that either.

In 1952, Morris Ernst, after talking to 300 ex-Communists on why they had joined and left the party, wrote in his book, Report on the American Communists that among the 300 there was an extremely high incidence of suicide, desertions and divorces among the parents, brothers and sisters.

Chambers early life was mlv erable becau.se of the split between his parents, the .suicide of his brother and the insanity of his grandmother.

Some beaches are liber allf sprinkled with shells; others rrf-atively clear. One can walk along one stretch of beach where shells and their fragments carpet the shallows, and then encounter sandy areas where shells are almost non-exlstant.

Why?

And on those shell-strewn shores one can reach into the shallows and clutch in one hand hundreds of shells. Tiny shells,

small shells and fragments. Lift them up and look. Each represents a spark of life that was extinguished; and the multitude of tiny lives represented in that handful, multiplied by a figure that escapes comprehension, represents the total of such tiny deaths on a strip of beach no wider than your front yard.

Our household spent the recent weekend on the coast. Together w'e explored a short strip of the waterline, the submerged sandy bar and shell-laden areas. Some shells and some pebbles were

Other Editors Sayings...

me Papal encyclical

Quote ...

Whmever so much a.s 30 per cent of the public.s fund.s are oonunitled to relief, there Is rea.'-on to make .sure that it is losi'rvod for those who actually need help and cannot get It any other way Or to put it another way, the taxpayers are entitled f > some relief. t<x).--Charleston (W.Va.i Daily Mail.

(Greensboro Daily News)

When he became Pope John XXni, Christendom was assured by the informed that the aged and cherubic Cardinal Ron-calU would be an interim figure between the active political papacy of Pius XII and a younger successor sometime in the future; the present pope has been anything but that. In some two and a half years of office, Po John has expanded the col.v ;e of cardinals to its largest number in centuries, and has even added Africans; he has hinted at renewing ties with the Eastern Orthodox church and has received the Archbishop of Canterbury for the first time since the Reformation.

The inescapable impression, to Protestants no less than his own communicants, is that Pope John is a man of exceeding good will seeking ways to bind up the disunities of Christendom by every means at his command. Last week, in a historic encyclical entitled Mother and Teacher, he capped an active papacy with a document that all but revolutionizes the outlook of the church on economic and political problems. Timed on the anniversary of Leo XIIIs famous Re-, rum Novarum. it was no less Iconoclastic. Just as the New Things* removed the Roman Catholic church from its long alliance with the forces of royalism and legitimacy in Europe and brought it to terms with the still insurgent forces of republicanism and liberalism, so Mother and Teacher extends a properly belated palm frond to welfare capitalism and socialism. Its impact will not be lost in a world which wearies of hearing most of its pronunciamentoes on politics and economics from the me.ssiahs of Moscow and Peiping.

The encyclical upholds the

primacy of private property; but at the same time it takes the. view that so long as socialization confines its activity within the limits of the moral order. . . it does not of its nature entail serious dangers of restriction to the detriment of individual human beings: rather it helps to promote in them the expression and development of truly personal characteristics. That statement lies at the heart of a long and complex document; corollary to it are the Popes admonitions on the subjects of industrial profit and economic justice for the workingmanas well as economic aid to underdeveloped lands.

Undoubtedly there will be snide observations that the church has merely accepted what the course of 20th Century politics has. for various reasons, already decreed. But anyone tempted to that shallow view might pause to reflect how scru--pulously the political regimes of todays worldinside and outside the iron curtainhave observed the limits of the moral orderor have, for all that, taken thought what those limits might be.

saved by the younger beachcombers. But another facet cai>-lured their parents attention: sharks teeth.

A searcher could count on finding a minimum of three in thirty minutes of seeking. Some were quite large, some tiny.

Again a source of wonderment.

If shark teeth were so plentiful as to be easily found on the little strip of shell-covered beach, it was staggering the imagination to conceive how many sharks teeth were actually washed asore in the miles and miles of beach extending to either side of our narrow strip.

And further: if our only haphazard hunting found teeth so easily, it followed our own small beach front must had a great number we missed.

One among the teeth especially aroused curiosity and speculation. for its root end had two tiny holes. . .seemingly drilled to meet and provide a means for stringing the tooth for a necklace or bracelet.

None of the other teeth bore such holes.

Where did it come from? How long ago, and by whom were those holes made?

And if by some remote chance this souvenir of the deep Was long ago actually in anothers hands. . .intended to serve as a personal adornment. . .was lost again to the ocean. . .if all this was true: what kind of odds would you give on its being found by the writer in the waters off the North Carolina Coast? (It might be added I visit the sea maybe three times each summer.)

The degree of improbability approaches the impossible. But so does the sea.

Opinions In Brie::

This papacy moves slowly in worldly realms, and as a spiritual mentor dedicated to things eternal rather than temporal it can afford leisure. Yet there is no doubt that Pope John XXIII has given the churchs outlook a leap, if not a vault, in the direction of today's political and economic consensus. It is ironic, in fact, to think how many of the popes own communicants now in poweras in Francos Spainwill suddenly find their practices out of all tilt with the Vaticans viewpoint. What they will choose to do about that fact Is. unquestionably, the key issue raised by the new encyclical.

A time-tested truism in the psychology of advertising says Repeat a statement often , enough and It will become a part of the thinking process of the masses.Carlsbad (N.M.) Current-Argus.

There is room for differences of opinion over the wisdom of the various pending measures. But, whatever the final decision on any of these, one of Congress most fundamental duties is to maintain its constitutional controls over the peoples money. Industrial New Review.

xcuse

?or A

.Po..icy

By GEORGE E. SOKOLSKY

Copyright, 1961, King Peaturei

Ssmdlcate, Inc.

The Chester Bowles loreign policy has nothing to do with benefits to the United States It is a concept which he developed in India under the mystical influence of Nehru.

Nehru speaks nobly in the idiom of RabindMmath Tagore, a Hindu Tolstoy, while as a practical politician he makes deals which he hopes will help his country and keep his Congress Party in power. That does not mean that Nehru is a hypocrite: it does mean that he is an effective politician who has devised a pragmatic formula.

That formula does not Include any benefits to the United States. Its principal purpose is to appease Red China and assuage Mao Tze-tungs desire to achieve the Chienlung Line which includes large and important parts of India. Out of this, Nehru conceived the brilliant idea of Two Chinas which Chester Bowles swallowed whole and if he id not choke on it, most of his countrymen do.

The Two CHilnas idea is one of those compromises which never succeeds. The United Nations Is to recognize both Nationalist and Communist China, an utterly untenable position as each claims to be China. However, the permanent seat in the Security Council, arranged in 1945 at the San Francisco Conference, is the property of Nationalist China, now in residence on Formosa. How can Red China accept so subordinate a position? And by what legitimate process can the United Nations deprive Nationalist China of a permanent seat on the Security Council which is as much the right of Nationalist China as our seat is the right of the United States?

So there is always a wte guy who works out a scheme. Some say that this scheme is due to the genius of Owen Lattimore. I do not know for sure who the progenitor of this wisdom is. but the great idea is to admit Mongolia as a member ot the United Nations.

Mongolia has not really been an independent naon except for a short spurt In history when Genghis Khan and his sons moved in all directions, con(iuering* most of Asia, including China and India and the whole of what is now Russia. In fact, so potent were these Mongols and their various Tartar satellites that in India, they established the Mongol Empire; in China, they took over the country and held tt for 108 years as the Yuan Dynasty; they gave to Russia it ioini of government.

After about 160 years, th# Mongols subsided. It is not to be presumed that they returned to Mongolia whence they came. We know that in India, they established themselves so effectively that they are stUl there, particularly in the north, in Pakistan, and in Kashmir. As recently as 1917, I encountered one of the last of the Turgot Mongols who had served in the Czar Page Corps and was returning to his fater in Peking.

Owen Lattimore, who has spent much of his life in China, first encountered the Mongola when he was set into their country to buy wool, hides cmd skins, etc., for a Tientsin firm. He liked the people and is one of the few Westerners who have had much to do with these people. Lattimore is said to be in Mongolia now although there has been no public announcement that he is in the employ of the American government which does not recognize Mongolia as a separate country. How an American could go "^hCT-e without a passport Is a puzzle which the House Committee on UnAmerlcan Activities might look Into.

The principal point of this Mongolian activity is to get Mongolia into the United Nations. thus pleasing Soviet Russia and Red China. The Mongolian delegation could include some Red Cfhlnese member and nobody would know the difference. It is a trick to make it easier for Red China to come in by the back door.

The excuse given is that Soviet Russia vetoed the admission of Mauritania and will veto every other admission unless Mongolia is elected. In that case, the United States can announce that It will veto th admission of Mon-(Contlnued on page fiy) ^

: Britons Take To Stamps, Binoo

By EL.MER ROESvSNER

Strength For Today

By EARL L. DOIGL.ASS ..

BALAN( E IN YOIR FAVOR

Field Marshall Viscount Montgomery has written: "We must learn that we gain far more sati.sfacilon from doing something which benefits others than .something which only benefits ourselves. . .Remember what you have been taught about right and wrong and stick to what is right when you are tempted to do what is wrong. . .Seek happiness through achievement which results from hard work. Be adventurous In spirit. These are guldeposls for all men and women of character.

Former military as.soc lates have sometimes disagreed with Monty when he held forth on how battles .should or .should not have been fought. But everyone admires him as one of Uie out-

.standing moral characters of the world. He is one of those persons who early discovered what life was all about and with resolute determination prc.ssed on toward certaiq goals. In his years of retirement he ha.s not hesitated to speak out as to what i.-~ right and wrong. He take.s sides and he take.s them hard. He may or may not be right in certain military judgments. but he undoubtedly is right in his moral Judgments.

Why can we not stand up and be counted? Why are we so afraid lest someone consider us prudish, sanctimonioiis. or high hat? There is no thrlU like the thrill of achievement, no achievement like achievement In the field of moral character.

When we take a firm stand for right, we win miw thaa ever los.

While Britain still resists the hot dog, it has accepted two great Yankee manias: trading stamps and bingo.

All over the sceptered isle housewives are collecting trading stamps and playing bingo, correspondents report.

Trading stamps are not new. They have been used for years. Merchants who use them give one stamp wi|h each sixpence' in purcha.ses. Since sixpence is now worth about 7 cents. British Shoppers have an advantage over their American sisters who get a stamp for each dime spent.

However, for reasons not quite clear, there has been a great rise in Interest. The number of collectors has doubled or tripled and new redemption centers are .springing up throughout the country.

LAW L008ENS BINGO

The spurt in bingo is more explicable. Bingo also has been played for years,, u.sually In small games for charity. But Uii BetUng'- ad Gaming Act

of 1960 makes commercialization

legal.

AU over the country bingo games are being staged In halls, theaters, clubs and at country fairs. More than $100,000,000 a year is changing hands. Prizes may now be of cash and that heiriitens the lure.

Tliere are now two big bingo chains, as well as many single proprietary ventures. One of the chains is the Circuit Management Association, which controls movie houses and dance halls of the J. Arthur Rank organization. In some movie houses. especlaUy In resort areas, it puts on bingo games in the morning before the film show starts, and many bing-olsts stay for the movie.

It is putting bingo in halls on afternoons and evenings when ^there are no dances scheduled. liBo far it has beencareful not to make bingo games competitive with cinema shows, to avoid hurting the fUm business. The British movie houses association Is opposed to bingo games during hours When pictures are shown, but it indicat

ed It wUl not object if a theater operator must inject a bi^ of bingo to keep solvent.

The other chain, Mecca, Ltd., which originally operated dance halls only, has put bingo games into 60 dance halls and a few theaters. Among the ballrooms is th? famous Lyceum Ballroom in London, where games are held regularly. Soon there will be nonstop sessions every Thursday.

REOPENING THEATERS

Several other smaller movie circuits are also getting Into the bingo money. Associated-British Cinema has three theaters operating at bingo palaces. ABC,, along with several other operating orgaijipations, have reopened closed theaters as bingo centers.

The rise of bingo is not without opposition. Several church leade'rs are opposing it: a few are accusing it of causing Juvenile delinquency..

It has also hurt churches and charities financially. Bingo players are passing up benefit games for the money games put

on by oonunrcil proenoUn.

KIDDIES' BOOK BAGS ESCAPE FEDERAL TAX The retailers tax on luggag and handbags does not m^ly to school bags especially dertgned for us by children In carrying books, pencils and other sup. plies from school, and which ar disUngulshabl from briefcases and the like, the Intenial R. cnue Service has decided (in Rev. Rul. 61-124.)

FREE BOOKLET OFFERED ON BOATING SAFETY With more and more peopla on the water this summer, (laiw gcrs are compounded. And the worst hazards, profeetiona] yachtsmen say, are those creat-ed by landlubbers who do not know the courtesies and the rules of the sea. To overcoms this, a 24-page booklet has been prepared by the maker of Bon-adettes, a seasickness remedy, Copies are offered free by thi Council on Safe PamUy Boating. 477 Madison Ave.. New York u New York.

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