PACE POUE

Monday July IT, 1961

.. DiLY REFtECTOR. CREEWVIIXE. W. C

I Can Lick Anybody in the House!

Monday, July 17, 1961

Survival Is An Individual Matter

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With the march of time and events all pointlnjr toward an expected showdown at Berlin it is both logical and necessary that public attention turn to matters of civil defense.

As has been said many times; the military h^ its job, the civil government has its role; but their efforts will mean relatively little in the long run if civilians fail in their own basic role of survival. This is up to the individual.

The Office of Civil Defense Mobilization has provided certain measures designed to insure governmental roles and services will continue in the event of nuclear disaster. Many say the degree of insurance and preparation is not enough. A decision is due almost any day, now, on an organizational shake-up in OCDM; giving it i^w leadership that presumably will give an air of urgency and greater planning to meet the problem it is intended to face.

Aside from advising fallout shelters and an emergency food and water supply for families, OCDM has

.nougn i ime i o ADDraise Work

By LYNN NISBET APPRAISALWhile the impact of laws enacted by the recent Legislature has not been feU, there has been time enough for a degree of appraisal and evaluation of the 1961 General General Assembly. Nearly ev-erybody who has attempted appraisal has confessed frustration. Perhaps a good one wwd description would be sohizo-phrenic. At times it seined to have entirely different personality from other times. There were occasions when the members faced up boldly to the challenge of doing something constructive. and there were times they almost ignominiously chose the easy way out.

Reaction to the Governors quality education program illustrates both attitudes. With audacious courage the Legislature approved the spending program without any idea where the money to finance it would come from. Then they ducked a fight with powerful lobbyists and levied the main tax on family table food.

Appraisals range from Governor Sanfords accolade as the best legislature in this century down to bitter comment by traf-fic safety fanatics that it was the most do nothing session in years. Neither extreme can be Justified. The 1961 session won the blue ribbon prize for one thing: It appropriated more

money and levied more taxes than any legislature in history of the state.

ACHIEVEMENTS Each analyst will have his own idea about primacy of accomplishment and failure. I will not quarrel with any others, but have a list of my own.

No. 1 achievement was the long forward step toward improvement of courts, particularly below superior court level. It Is true that a vote of the people Is necessary to put the reforms into effect, but legisr lation paved the way. ..

Next in importance was enactment of laws r^^ulating the small loan business. Then came the extended coverage of the minimum wage act.

The quaUiy education pro-tram which Governor Sanford and many others put in No. 1 place does not rate so high in my book.

Other significant achievements Included relieving the highway fund of obligation to support such unrelated operations as prisons. parole and probation.

Principal charges of failure are in the areas of highway aalety and legislative represen-taUon-eepecially in the Btate Senate.

ANALYSnt-Lets take these Items, good and bed. in the order listed and see why that rating was assigned them.

Revision of court procedure at lower levels is essential if

North Carolina is to continue Its Industrial and travel development. The iwesent Justice of Peace system, although soundly based in constitutional law, is susceptible to such abuse and misuse as to make it almost a vehicle for legalized crime. Collusion betweeii Justices of the peace and constables, whose compensation depends upon fees which can be collected only upon conviction, has long bothered employers of industrial labor and travelers along our highways. Misuse of the bad check law, the use of criminal process to collect open account debts, and the operation of extra-legal, if not entirely illegal,' speed traps have been blbts up- -on our judicials system for many years. Numerous other phases of court reform are desirable, but correction of misuse of the powers vested In present justice of peace coiuts will justify all the efforts. It is unfortunate that failure of the Legislature to order a general election this year means that the constitutional amendment cannot be voted upon until November of 1962, thus delaying implementation of the new laws.

The small loan and minimum wage legislation is Important because of the Indicated trend, rather than because of immediate impactalthough the Immediate effect will be considerable. For the first time in many years a Legislature took positive action to protect the little borrowers from almost Inhuman exploitation by money lenders. While the new small loan laws do not affect automobile and furniture Installment business, discussions while the bills were pending made it clear that the next step may deal with that phase of the lending business.

It Is interesting to note that while the Legislature was careful to reduce the maximum charges allowed for loans of less than $600, it authorized increased interest ratesupt o 12 per centfor corporation loans in exceU of $30,000. becamt the first Southern state

Two years ago North Carolina to enact a minimum wage law. The wage was low and there were many exemptions from application of the law. Extending coverage of the law to some 30,000 additional workers indicates that the policy has been accepted as permanent In the North Carolina scheme of things, and that State government is moving In to greater extent than ever to fix maximum interest and minimum wages and to assume larger control over the operations of private business enterprises.

Signlficanee of these acts lies in' the indisputable trend to more and more government control. at State level as well as national.

(First of three articles) WBsmsssast^ 'V". t-

left individual families relatively in the dark as to contingencies they might face (and so prepare for) in thek all-important role of simple survival.

One reason ... a probable reason . . . is the <>bviou8 fact that in telling Americans what preparedness measures to take, and the anticipated course of events, would reveal to a future wartime enemy knowledge which might be used against us.

On the other hand, there must be reasonable presumptions and precautions which the people of this country, at the family level, can utilize for their own survival.

Lack of information, or misinformation, can be as deadly as anything an enemy can do to us.

But back to the all-important matter of individual sumval.

it is encouraging to nofe a local organization is undertaking'a study of civil defense needs, and how that organization can best serve its members and the community. The Greenville Moose launched that project with the naming of a truly blue ribbon committee to survey the problems.

The very fact that such a project was deemed necessary, and adopted, is a pointed reminder to all Pitt Countians that pertinent information and a measure of preparedness is their own personal responsibility and obligation. Such a study should be of value to us all, and The Reflector trusts presumed subsequent reports will be available to the general public.

While a test of nerves and a show of strength may be expected over Berlin, the reluctance of protagonists conceivably could deter for a while the final showdown. Still, we cannot be unprepared . . . for to be unprepared is to invite individual and familiar defeat, And should the great test of strength fail to materialize this winter, our people must be ready for other tests,which are certain to follow.

Progress Is displayed In Stream Sanitation

Throughout North Carolina there is an increasing awarenes.s of the importance of the work being done by the Stream Sanitation Committee and its meaning to the future of the state.

As North Carolina moves into a period of increased industrialization, it is clear that one of its greatest assets i.s the presence of a bountiful water supply in streams and rivers and in underground water. It is also clear that as North Carolina conserves and perpetuates the usefullness of these resources, they will become increasingly important to the states industrialization.

At the outset of its work, the State Stream Sanitation Committee found severe opposition in many quarters to its efforts at cleaning up and establishing classifications oh the various streams and rivers of North Carolina. It is still finding in some quarters opposition to the regulations it is seeking to establish, but by and large there is a greater appreciation now of the value of the work of this committee than was the case a few jlars ago.

Although the work of the committee has appeared to move slowly in various parts of the state, one has only to look at the improvements which have been made in many areas, and the safeguards which have been established to assure the future usefulness of many streams and rivers to recognize the value of work already done.

North Carolinas farsighted approach to the conservation of its water resources will in future years prove to be one of the most important steps taken by the state tt assure the realization of its industrial and economic potential.

The Daily Reflector

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Imployment Outlook Better

By RALPH ROBEY

This is the time of year when the size of the labor force and jthe volume of both employment and unemployment normally increase. The reason is that an enormous number of young men and women get out of school and start looking for work. This time the total labor force and the number of those having jobs in* creased mo|e than is usual, and unemployment grew by slightly less than is customary, This is one more bit of evidence that the recovery is continuing at a good pace.

Between the middle of May and the middle of June the civilian labor force rose by over 2.-

700.000 to an aggregate of Just short of 74,300,000. Of the increase, some 2.5 million were between 14 and 19 years of age, and the vast majority of these were students. This was almost

200.000 larger than the ccwnpar-able growth in 1960. Employment was up to 68,700,000 in mid-June, and his was a new aU-time high. The increase over a month earlier was 1,900,000. The growth, too. was pretty much across the board, and in all age groups.

In spite of this favorable picture in connection with emi^oy-ment the number out of work also went up by over 800,000 to 5,600XX)0. In relation to the total civUitn labor force, however, this was 6.8 percent as compared with 6.9 percent a month earlier. That, obviously. Is much too large a number to be out of work, but In view of the extraordinary addition to the labor force, the improvement in the percentage is encouraging.

Also encouraging is the fact that there was a drop of 100,000 in the number working less than S6 houra m week. And perhaps some oomfort csn be* derived from the decline by 340,000 from a month earlier of those who have been out of Work for IS weeks or longer. However the toUl in this category still is twice that of a year ago.

Now for a couple of general comments;

By GEORGE SOKOLSKY

Big Factor ' ^ Ability

Copyright, 1961, King Features Syndicate, Inc.

Igor Cassini, who writes under the name of ChoUy Knickerbocker, has made this very profound remark about manners and reason:

. .when a lady has been married to the son of a President, we think that makes her as qualified (to appear in a gossip column) as the artichoke tycoons, the Seventh Avenue (ess (lukes, the Cafe Society set, and a lot of the members of ousted royalty who some silly Americsins /go around curtsying to.

Qualified for what: That is the question. In our classless society, distinction comes to a person because of achievement. Acceptability comes with good manners, although some persone of great achievement are welcomed despite boorish manners.

But multiple riages are marks neither l achievement nor good manners. But in our society there can be no objection to an artichoke tycoon, whatever that may be, emerging to a position of grand notability, provided he deserVes some order of merit, but marriage to the son of a President does not elevate anyone to the American notability.

Few sons of Presidents amounted to much. There was, of course, John Quincy Adams, who himself became President and who undoubtedlywwas one of the brains in his time. And there was Robert A. Taft whose father was President. President William Howard Taft_ became Chief justice of the United States. His son. Robert, was the Republican leader in the United States Senate and achieved such distinction that a monument was erected in his honor on the Capi-

Other E(ditors Sayings., No Cause To' Celebrate

V,

The collection of statistics on the amount of employment and unemployment is done by the Bureau of the Census. The analysis and publication of the figures are among the functions of the Bureau of Lab<M* Statistics. Under the capable direction of Commissioner Ewan Clague, this analysis is done with the utmost care and honesty. However, the figures are subject to almost cpntlnuous criticism.

Granting the particular definition of unemployment we use, there is no real basis for such criticism. The total is obtained by a monthly survey of a scientifically selected sample. Each uiiit of the sample is a household and data on all the .members are collected. The respondent is asked whether each member of the family is at work or trying to flhd work. If the answer is that a person is trying but unable to find a Job, then that person is counted as unemployed.

That, certainly, is as generous as it is possible to be in the determination of the number of unemployed. The origin of the definition goes back to the depth of the great d^ixresslon. and its purpose St that time was to determine how many persons were In need of relief. Most nations use a much more restricted definition of unemploymentsome counting only those who mtke a formal application for a Job at an employment office. In fact, Canada is the only nation which has copied our system, and it is worthy of note that for many, many nwnths her unemployment has been consiitently* higher than that in thla countir.

Beyond doubt some portion of our unemployment is struw* tural as contrasted to cyclical. We do not have enough detalla to determine with exactness what proportion belongs in each of these categories. But we may be sure that with the continued improvement of busineas, the volume of unemployment will keep going downdown, we hope, to a level which is reasonable lor a prosperous nation.

(Henderson Dispatch)

West Oerman Chancellor Adenauers conclusion that the stampede of residents of Communist East Germany into West Berlin indicates pressure on citizens by their communist overlords, that conditions have^ become unbearable and that a panic seems to have broken out makes highly interesting reading, but it is not a cause for celebration on the part of Western free nations. There will be no open revolt against the Reds such as occurred in 1953, and which was crushed by ruthless Russian might. It may well mean that freedom-loving residents of the eastern part of the old German nation have taken about all they can stand and are seeking relief and refuge, even at the risk of their own lives.

Communist power holds the slave satellite nations in such subjection that they have not even the remotest chance of rebellion. Hungary in 1957 is another example of this type o serfdom, and the same Is prob-aWy true in Poland, as elsewhere in eastern and southern Europe.

It la this smouldering resent-mMit on the part of once free people, however, that constitutes one of the greatest threats to Red Russia in precipitating open warfare with the West. Should that occur, they would

likely have uprisings on their hands in all the satellite countries. which, together with the major concern, w'ould constitute a grave problem.

If the naked truth were known, it probably would mean that all but a minor fraction of the people of East Germany, noy under the Iron reel of powerful conquerors, hate and despise the perpetrators of the system of living which has been imposed upon them. They yearn for the chance to throw it off, even if they have little hope of doing it. That would not pre-v^t bold efforts at sabotage in event of a war emergency. No one knows that better than Khrushchev and his stooges.

No one can foresee the trend of everi^ over a year, or a few months, or even weeks. Developments are conceivable that would electrify the free world should they occur. But the possibility is 80 remote as not to be worthy of credence or even anticipation.

The day will come when mankind will throw off the yoke of communism, and return again to the ways of liberty. It may be shears away; or it could be within a matter of weeks, although utterly unlikely.

Adenauers evaluation of conditions in communist East Germany is interesting, but it is a conclusion that must be taken in stride, without elation or great hope at this time.

tol grounds.

What happens to most sons of American Presidents is that they revert to the rest of the population, becoming good or bad citizens, as it may be. Herbert Hoover* Jr., is acknowledged to be a top engineer but when he served as Under-Secretary of State he bumped up against the trade-union, cover-up practices of Fourth Floor minor officials. Franklin D. Roosevelt had quite a number of sons. James is In Congress, laboring to abolish the House Committee on Un-American Activities to which he objects with such violence asNhe displays for no other cause. His brother, Franklin, would like to be governor of the State of New York but has Uuis far not succeeded. Another brother, John, is a Republican. Elliott, who cut quite a swath when his father was President, has completely disappeared from the public eye.

So being the son of a President does not establish rank in this country nor does inherited rank mean much either. ChoUy Knickerbocker is quite correct about some silly Americans who go around curtsying to members of ousted royalty.

When royalty is ousted it is out of business. My friend, Otto of Hapsburg, who bears an older title than most and whose ancestors were Emperiors has applied for a restoratiMi of his Austrian citizenship. Then he will be Mr. Hapsburg which is as good a name as any. I know people who call themselves counts and princesses who come from countries which no longer tolerate such fol-de-rol and which the aforesaid self-de-scribel notabilities may not enter alive.

At any rate, curtsying is not mannerly in this country where a revolution was once held against it. Our ambassadors do not befroek themselves In gold embroidery but wear whatever clothes are fashionable at the moment. In fact, It used to be an argument against a candidate that when he had his trousers pressed he looked like a dude, although nowadays it is permissible for a Ihresident to be as well-dressed as his wife.

No! One must admit that Cassini has spoken wisely and baa coined a new phrase, namely the Seventh Avenue dress dukes. a body of men who are rapidly emerging into many other walks of life, particularly * banking, and who eat in the best restaurants and art given good tables. In fact, some of them ride In Rolls-Royces which they regard as a mark of (Continued on Page t)

..mpact

Of The

Fast

By ROGER BABSON . '

BABSON PARK, Mass.,In addition to my beloved father and mother there are four outstanding people who have guided my life. These are Joan of Arc of Prance, Sir Isaac Newton of England, Isabel Babson of Gloucester, Mass., and Cecil John Rhodes of South Africa.

JOAN OF ABC

THE . UNEXPECTED In the center of the public " square, facing the home where I spent fifteen youthful years, is a life-size statue of Joan of Arc riding a horse and holding a sword. The statue was chiseled ty the famous sculptress Mrs. Anna Hyatt Huntington. Joan of Arc not only has inspired me with courage; but has taught 'me to expect the unexpected. Her life shows how an unknown clghteen-year-old girl can change the fortunes of two entire nations. One year Prance was in supremacy and all English fortunes were at a very low ebb; then in a few weeks the picture completely changed. England became powerful and wealthydespite the wicked trickery of the English who caught Joan with a flag of truce and burnt her at the stake.

SIR ISAAC NEWTON AND ECONOMICS In the late 17th century, Newton announced to the world his law of Action and Reaction, later called the Business Cycle. Isaac Newtonunlike President Kenneths and his advisersstated that periods of unemployment and suffering were caused by jwrevlous excesses of economiis activity waste, and luxury. In fact, Sir Isaac Newtons teachings were the foundation of my business.

We now have the third largest Newtonia collection in the world. His actual library was brought by Mrs. Grace K. Babson from London and built into the Newton Library at the Babson Institute. My forecasts today are based upon the teachings of Sir Isaac Newton whoin a way-founded Babsons Reports.

ISABEL BABSON OF CAPE ANN Early in the 17th century a wonderful woman and her young son James left London in a sailing vessel for a six-weeks^ip across the Atlantic Ocean to Salem, Mass. From Salem they came to Cape Ann where Isabel became physician, midwife, and pre-natal nurse to the sixty families then living on Cape Ann. From her son James all Babsons in America are believed to have descended. April of this year marked the 300th Anniversary of Isabels death. A small Pre-Natal College is being started in her memory. It will be located at 69 Main Street, Gloucester, Mass., where she had her humble log cabin hospital and became known as Good Woman Babson.

The fourth character who greatly influenced my life was Cecil Rhodes of London who, broke down with tuberculosis, boarded a sailing vessel to South Africa. Since I have also been so afflicted. Cecil Rhondes is one of my saints. He became the bold developer of Rhodesia and Africas greatest statesman and financier wprklng toward the congo about which we hear so much today# He died in 1902 at the age of 49. I visited his grave in Africa. His dying words were: So much to do, and so little time in which to do it.* He said this after developing the diamond and gold mines in Africa and leaving all his great wealth to international education.

ANCESTRY STUDIES

ARE CKK)D HOBBIES The study of ancestry has been a hobby of mine and I recommend it to other businessmen as a change from collecting stamps and similar means of keeping ones mind employed. Studying ancestry is a most fascinating and suriising avocation. Furthermore, it means we are collecting new and permanent data which can be bequeathed to our heirs. All such work which we do is cumulative and can be cai> ried on furth er by others after our death.

Those who have the time should interest their children and irandchildren in the laws of heredity, including genes find chromosomes and the new polymer sciences which may completely upset the orthodox theories of heredity. If we could interest our teenagers in the polymers, it might result in much happier marriages and more useful grandchildren.

But... No Loan For The New Haven

By ELMER ROESSNER

The United States government; whicb has loaned money for cattle ranches in Peru, dams in Egypt and highways on Formosa. has refused to loan money to keep the New Haven railroad from bankruptcy.

This has caused one reader to suggest that this is the time for India. Haiti, Ghana, Pakistan and Guatemala to lend us money to keep our commuter lines going.

An odd idea, but no more odd than some of the things in business slready. For Instance:

Brand X. with all its free television publicity, is catching on. Brand X whiskey is selling well In Hartford, Conn. Brand X window cleaner is brightening Cincinnati. And more than a million boxes of Brand X soap powder are sold every month In England. Now arent you sorry you laughed when television first began to compare advertised products with Brand X? If you had rushed it. you might now be richer than televiaioa. BOB HOPE IN HIBTORY

Bob Hope may become really famous. The courts have ruled that his donation of rights to his life story to a charitable foundation constituted a bona tide charitable deduction, even though he got publicity. Long after the last rerun of Bob Hope movies and television shows, young lawyers will cite the Bob Hope case.

Walters and waitresses at the Rum House in New Yorks Hot^ Edison are required to wear kilts in the Black Watch tartan. The Joint seems to be steering customers from rum to Scotch. . . Unless cities establish home swimming-pool codes, pool com-panles may soon run into stiff opposition, the National Swimming Pool Institute warns. . . Warmer upholstery colors will be popular this fall, says the Upholstery Leather Group.

Arizona courts have ruled that trading stamps are a promotional gimmick and not a casir discount; Califomia courts have ruled they are discounts' which may be taken into consideration In calculating the state's heavy sales taxes. Meanwhile, Wyoming courts have held the state's

anti-trading-stamp law is unconstitutional.

CORPORATE BAIT

Puerto Rico is now offering a 13-year exemption from income property end municipal taxes' for new industries locating in its more distressed areas . . .ShipmenU of U.S. celery, sweet com and watermelon were recently shipped to England from the U S. All were favorably received except kome watermelons, which arrived in poor condition. . .The world coffee crop is expected to be the second largest on record this fall. 30 per cent above the crop of a year ago.

Meat production outside China increased 1 percent last year, but not as much ss the human population. . .Six bills pending in Congress would repeal the war-time luxury tax on toilet preparations. Prediction: all

die. . Jt new Australian tool is a dowfUing jlb-builder's clamp, mitre Jig, carpenter! vyce, piercing punch, special punch clamp, pipe cutter, pipe vyce. acrew preaa, turning and ahaiiing center Jib. But wlU tt

pit cherries?

Lose your Job through automation? Send 60 cents to Superln-tindent of Documents, Washington, 25, D.C., for 25 RR, a compi* Ifitlon of articles on the Impact of automation., .Would your collegiate son be a bureaucrat? Send 60 cents to the Superintendent for 20 RR, providing guidance for college students who wknt government Jobs . . . Got cancer? Send 15 cents to th above Superintendent for 1 RR, listing books, pamphlets and articles for suggested reading.

18.M0NTHS^IMIT CANT BE STRETCHED

If you have sold a house at a profit and wish to escape taxes on the profit by building a new home, make aure your builder signs an agreement to complete the new place well within 18 months of your sale. If he doesn't finish, Prentio. Hsll warns, youll lose your tax benefit even though the delay is no fault of yours. P-H adds: inr sist the builder agree to recompense your tax loss If be does not finish ss time.