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PGB FOUlfin DAILY REFLECTOIL GREENVItLE, II. C

Wednesday, July S, 1961

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Wednesday, July 5, 1961 "

Wide Open Field For Committee

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The speeil planning committee named, recently .ent county home operation.

by the Pitt County Board of Commissioners has an it seems to us this committee should give study

opportunity to render a greatly needed service to the to the operation of each of the agencies of the county

county by carefu|ly evaluating the long-range needs government, particularly where physical expansion or of the countys government and making recominenda- future major capital outlay programs tnay be required tions to the governing board. to .pl-ovide^ the iealibre of services expected of the

It is becoming increasingly apparent that there agencies. Such*a study will require considerable time are growing governmental needs in the county that on the part of the committee, and their recommenda-have not adequately been met. It is likewise evident tipns will require further study by. the commissioners that within the next several years Pitt will have to and the citizens of the county,

determine what course it will follow in meeting these If such er study and careful evaluation is not

needs. * made, however, it will be difficult for the county to

. As we understand the* purpose of the special 17- carry out in the future a comprehensive, long-range member planning committee appointed by the Board program of meeting ite future needs. In addition to of Commissioners, the group will evaluate the needs the matter of determining which of t^ needs are most .of the. countys government and suggest ways of meet- pressing, there is also the aU-important question of ing these needs. . ^ how financing can be earned out by the county to

Already a number of major items have been point- these needs, ed out for consideration of the group. Among theese are the crowded conditions of some oi the offices in the county courthouse, the need for a county nursing home as a replacement for or supplement to the pres-

Their Propagancla Vahie Is Used Up^

Shortly To Try

me imDossiDie

satisfactory plan for regard to relative Importance ship in the National Collegiate .Atheltic Association teachers could be of de&lrable characteristics, then another indication that ECC is making the transition

from a ^*small college classification to take its place born American has celebrated

among the larger colleges of the nation. nearly two centuries of uninter-

For at least another year East Carolina will be a rupted independence,

member of both the major national athletic associa-

tions for colleges and universities. Althdugh it has been ^ invented-

By AURORA DOLLEY

EXPERIMENT A select group of Nwtii Carolina will shortly attempt the Impossible or at least what, In the past, other Tar Heel educators have labeled Imposalble or *im-practteal**.

A pilot or test program of merit pay for teachers In the State has been authorized by the past O^ieral Assembly, and ap> jnx^riitiona totaling $200.000 folr the next two years have been allocated.

On one phase of merit pay for teachers there seems to be little discord; it is generally agreed that if a grading fbond. It should be used.

Remembering ones own achool days, practically everyone knows that some of his teachers were better than others. But what made these tM^ter? And is an evaluation which has matured with the years always Identical with a pupils original estimation?

In the past two decades there have been two legislative study commissions appointed to determine (1) whether merit pay for teachera is desirable; (2) whether It Is feasible; and (3) whether a recMnmcnded plan for ratings could be given.

GOAL Other groups, too, have wrestled with the same question. The consensus of opinion is usually that although no sufficiently acceptable plan has yet been found to determine and reward superior teachers, the goal is worth the effort.

The '59 legislature appointed a c<nmlsBlon with the same three purposes, but came up with no specic plan for estimating teacher ratings. Its studio of other states and localities that are experimenting with m1t pay systems for thetr own teachers convinced the commission that North Carolina, too, should attempt to formulate its own method of teacher evaluation and put this aystem Into operation In some of Its own school units on a trial basis.

Dr. Charles F. Carroll. Super-tot^dent of Public Instruction, eager to have the study started, calls the pUot program In teacher merit pay "working toward an ideal.

To put the wheels of the program in motilTDr: Carroll is planning to appoint a director and asaiatsnt to do research on the problema Involved -r electing the school systems to participate in the teacher'evaluation program and determining the crlteila for the actual merit pay rating plan.

We want representative school systems; they must have a hl^ quality of local leader-shlp.- too. 1 cannot emphasize too much the slgnllcant role to be played by ehool leadership at a local level, and by the

teachers, too, he says.

PROBLEMS What are the characteristics of a good teacher? This is not too difficult to answer, and almost any group of laymen or professional educators could reach agreement here.

But, if a rating scale Is to be used, which of the desirable characteristics of top - notch teachers would be considered most tmportant? And how can a teachers ability to impart knowledge be measured?

Assuming a certain degree of agreement could be reached in

In recent years municipal governmenta have found long-range planning increasingly important in coping with problems brought about by community growth. By developing Ipng-range plans and revising these plans as conditions necessitate, municipal governments have found they can provide a more orderly growth for their respective communities, and at the same time develop and follow sound fiscal policies for meeting increasing demands on the local government.

A similar program, in our opinion, is a pressing need of county government, not only in Pitt, but in other counties of North Carolina as well.'

We trust the committee which has been appointed by the County Commissioners to study the needs of the local county government will in effect become a long-range planning committee for Pitt Countys government and will offer in time a long-range program for future development of various county agencies to meet the changing conditions in Pitt.

Entry Into The NCAA

a

Is Athletics Booster

By HAL BOYLE

The

election of East Carolina College to member- f yl 1 Qll ^ ^ f\

IP NiitinnAl rollpffiftte Atheltic Association is ^ KJ XXL k-/

comes the question of who must make the evaluations.

Some out-of-state localities have tried letting pupils pass judgement on teachers. Obvious repercussions have arisen. Fellow teachers have tried making the ratings. More often administrative heads attraipt to sit in Judgement.

In evaluating teacher achievement, we are dealing with people, and, as Dr. Carroll points out, people cant be measured as one would measure a piece of cloth.

PLANS It Is planned that next year be used to select the North Carolina sohool systems to participate In the experimental programs, and for setting up the methods of teach^ testing to be tried. The second year of the biennium is to be used for actual operation of a merit system of teacher pay. Two or more systems in the State, one

that they will become aliens to this kingdom. George ni of England. 1782.

All the men in America make money their pursuit.Richard

Parkinson, 1806.

. ______________________ ^Two selfish gods, pleasure

accepted for membership in the NCAA, it will continue views not shared by all the rest and gain, enslave the Ameri-

fLlo Ian ha a mpmhpr nf the National of earths inhabitants. cans. William Faux, 1823.

One of the most amiable features in the character of American society Is this: that men never boast of their riches, and never disguise their poverty. Wliam Cobbett. 1829.

In America an hour is 40 minutes. German proverb.

The Americans, like the English, probably make love worse than any other race. Walt Whitman, 1856.

The American is nomadic in religion, in.ideas, in morals. J. R. Lowell, 1864.

Just what is it that America stands for? If she stands for one thing more than another It Is for the sovereignty of s|plf-governing

through this year to also be a member of the National .

Association o Intercollegiate Athletics, the organiza- a'',,eTfcan wd ticn of smaller colleges throughout the country. country stand for? Over the

With its growth in student body during recent years he has received just about years. East Carolina has likewise moved forward in iU brickteu

athletic program. The most recent evidence of this was 50th blame and praise, the winning of the NAIA baseball championship last Here are some memorable

month by the East Carolina baseball team. With a new ''..Hm wmiSrtto vel mln-

record enrollment expected to be set when the laii except an American. They

quarter begins in September, another milestone in the are a race of convicts and ought

growth of the college will have been realized. ^

Election of East Carolina into membership by the _samuei Johnson, 1775.

NCAA will not only be another l^oost for the athletic . .knavery seems to be so

program of the college, it also adds prestige to the much atri^^^^ 1^

more tyaieuiB in uic owitc, oijb i i. . (Americas) Inhabitants that It

large and one small, will actual- college which is receiving recognition year by year in

ly adopt a merit pay plan for many phases of higher education.

their teachers.

Superior teachers in these systems are to be rewarded, and for this the State has earmarked $120,000 in the blU. It is emphasized that merit systems are not designed to penalize, only to reward.

Which brings up another difficulty. . .Of course, in line with State policy of making known all expenditures, it will be a matter of public record that Miss X If being paid more as a result of being classified as a superior teacher.

It is essential that this esti-matkm of Miss X be Ju^if.#ci. or morale of other teachers cottW-be injured. Furthermore, a local rush of parents who demand that Johnny be put in Miss Xs room because she is best would be anticipated. Naturally, however, as long as there is a Miss Y, pupils would have to be assigned to her, too.

Teacher merit pay. it seems, is atill an optimistic the<T* a dream of laymen and professional educators alike. Perhaps, however, the next two years will see it become a practical means of developing quality education in North Carolina.

A Giant, Even At His Wors

1 another

of 3elf-i

Other Editors Saying Death In The Morning

people. Woodrow Wilson,

1916.

God will save the good American, and seat him at his right - hand on the golden throne. Theodore Dreiser,

1917.

"America is the only place where man is full-grown!O. W. Holmes.

Most Americans are bom drunk. . .They have a sort of permanent intoxication from within, a sort of invisible champagne. . .Americans do n<^ need to drink to inspire them to do anything. G. K. Chesterton, 1931.

1882.

. .woman govenu America becau<K1^i]|bric|:^;a land of boys wno refuse to grow up. Salvador de Madariaga.

America means oi^rtunity, freedom, power. Emerson.

God looks after drunks, children and Americans. an old saying quoted by James Trus-low Adams, 1934.

ex-Wilde.

The Dafly Reflector

INCORPORATED PubBthtd Every AfUmoon Except Sundaj E^tebliihed 1882 DAVID JULIAN WHICHARD, PubUshtr Bared $ PoM Offlea OreenvlDe. M 0. a natter.

SUBSCRIPTION RATES By Carrier (In T$wiis) Week SB#

By Carrier (Motor Routea) Week 35c

BY MAIL, Payable In Advance Orrntsm Poet Offloe. Pitt Oooity. BobenwFrffle, Vaneeisfe Washlnftoo ead Chooowlnity

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(forlh Carolina (ottMt then Usted etevt)

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Xhe Associated Prsss Is ssdasivMy entitled to ose tor publleettoe aU news dispatches credited to it or not otherwise ersdited to ttds pefwr end also the looeJ news pebUahsd herein AO rights of peMlfattca cd spsdal dlepatebss bns ars aleo ressrvsA

NATIOMAL ADV1BT141MO RBPBS4ENTATIVB4 Ihomes P dart Co, me., New York. Chteago, AUanta Mseahn Aadh Bnrceii of Olretilatloa

AU edvsrtlstnf oofiy anst be reestred et leaet ene day befse

By JAMES M-\RLOW

WASHINGTON (AP) - Ernest Hemingways people conlrontcd deaiJh as something not to be postponed, as Hector in Homers Dad did when be stopped run-rJcg to face' Achilles, armed but Without hope.

Hemingway said 26 years ago, long before iHnesa overtook-4um, I must write because if I do not write a certain amount I do not enjoy the rest of my life.

It is a reasonable guess the prospect of years of invalidism, or at least marginal vitality, took the Joy ot of life for him.

This may be too simple for future analysts seeking the meaning of the shotgun blast which killed him last Sunday. You can almost read them now:

That his concern with death, which dominated all he wrote, meant he was obsessed with fear of it and' that he sought to buy time through the years by marching character after character to inevitable doiun aa a substitute for himself.

The literary pigeon - fanciers who like cooing or a message mauled him. Bui he was no soothsayer, he used words like rocks, and, in the beginning 1m had no message.

Maxwell Geismaxi once wrote that Hemingways people act as If thought is unthinkable.^ This was true. He was an artist.; writing about the muscles of that/ heart, not the cai^ariea of brain.

The muscles got Urad grew older. His best work his early work: the short storlef. The Sun Also Rises, A Fare-

of th%r of tub

.

kVas

well to Arms, some parts of Death in the Afternoon, some parts of "To Have and Have Not.

It was downhill after thatalthough for him 'was up on the mountain for most of his contemporaries as If he had listened too much to the critics who wanted a message, who said he had no social consciousness.

In those early days he showed none of it. Why should he have? He was an artist writing about people in trouble as he saw them, without moral judgments. He had one measuring rod: to WTite "truly. It was his own word.

But no one can ever really understand perhaps feel is a bett- wwrd what Hemingway really meant to American Literature unless he wss alive and young in those middle 1920s when Hemingways work began.

The woods were full of literary frauds and second-raters who played it cute and safe, wrote strictly for bucks. suHered from Victorian anemia, or pumped out sex-shockers which disappeared in the garbage can.

There were some honest men writing. like Theodore Dreiser and Sherwood Anderson, who tried to cut new roads with stories about the world ss they saw H themselves, but Dreiser was clumsy and Anderig^ was sentimental. . *

Then Heihittgway, who used his ears to listen and not to keep his hat off hishln, brtAe through to write about talk as its spokdn and life as it Is. He wrote to write and not for (CoQttnusd oo page five)

(RichnHHid News Leader!'

Age Is my alarm clock, the old man said. Why do old men wake so early? Is it to have one longer day?

The Old Man and the Sea.

Sunday morning the old man woke early. It is tantalizing, as such events always are tantalizing, to speculate on what he did before 7:30, when the gun went off. Did he walk for a while in the cool wind of an Idaho dawn? Did he read anything? Or write anything? One sees the dark steel, smells the clean oil: one sees the hard, noncommittal shell, cylindrical, brass nipple gleaming; and one remembers the powerful hand, nut brown, brown as the walnut stock of the gun-

Mr. Hemingway accidentally killed himself while deanhii a gun this morning at TrSiO 0 Miss Mary aald-

1 can only aay at this stag that the wound was seff-infttct' ed,* said Coroner Ray McOlod-rick. The wound was in the head,

One is left with the ori of puzzle Ernest Hemingway loved. No note? Perhaps, then, it was an kccldent. Hemlnffway was a writer, one of the great writers of this century; be spent his ^leng life explaining himself In 'words; it is hard to believe be would have embarked 00 his own last Journey, to some fair spot

beneath the trees, without composing an edtaph. The vanity of a writer would not have it otherwise. Yet only amateurs or drunks kill themselves while cleaning a gun. Hemingway was a pro. He had hunted and fished all over the world. It is unthinkable that he could have overlooked a chambered shell.

By accident, or by design, it was not a bad way for Papa Hemingway to go: Smoke and flame and the acrid taste of powder, violence remembered and adventure like wine in the mouth. He had a good life. He loved greatly, and traveled widely. and wrote superbly. He read his own obituaries many times before his death; he savored the rich humor of living a legend. The prose of this century bears Hemingways hallmark; he captured the American idiom, made it his own. And be did it the craftsmaas way. casting apd recasting bii sentences until the idea was perfectly caught. He wrote as a sculptor carves; it was his gift to cut away the excess unul the muscles and sinews stood revealed, sometimes polished, eometimes rough, but always strong.

Up the road, in his shack, the old man was sleeping

again. 80 ended '*The Old Maft and the Sea. He was still

sleeping on his face and the boy was sitting by watching him.

The old man was dreaming

about his lions. .

Opinions In Brief

There is very tittle time. The enemy is lean and hungry and the united States Is the only strong sentinel' at the gate. President J. P. Kennedy.

Speeding is not only dangerousits almost futile as far as any real time saving is concerned, On a 20 mile trip, if the average speed is increased from 40 to 60 m.p.h., one saves only 10 minutes! By pushing the average up to 65 m.p.h., the saving Is only another one and wie-half minutes! So why the big rush?Mattocm (111.) Journal Oazette.

More than one-fourth of our balance of pajonents deficit can be charged to the $2 billion y. S. tourists spend abroad each year. Foreign travelers spend only about $1 billion annually in this country. Pew come here because of passport red tape and a lack of promotion efforts. More Bhiro-peans visit the Soviet Union each year than the United States.Portland Oregonian.

For those who want to understand Communism, we prescribe, not a 15-day trip to Russia, but 15 days in a library studying the Communist conspiracy. American Bar Aasoclation.

Way To ?eace

By GEORGE E. SOKOLSKY

Copyright, 1961, King Featurei Syndicate, Inc.

Among the perilous worda that have; come into our vocabulary in these Cold War days ia disengagement. Those who he-Uevc in whatever they believe disengagement to mean generally hold that peace may be achieved by giving up. by cowardice, by an avoidance of responsibility by inaction.

The intellectuals and scientists are amcmg the principal advocates of disengagement. It is to them that Secretary of Labor Arthur J. Goldberg addressed himyelf as follows:

I suggest to the intellectual seeking peace through disengagement that be ponder an activist path toward peace which we can all share. This path leads toward the completion of our own,Revolution in other free societies) and the making of. a wmld order in which a balance of terror would lose Its power. I would suggest to him the historical reminder that peace can' only.be attained in freedom, and that it is peace in freedom that we all seek and must work to attain.

The tmn, revolution, as it is here used refers to the Presidents apt phrase:

This nation was bom of revolution and raised in freedom. And we do not intend to leave an open road to despotism.

The principal characteristic of the American Revolution which took about two centuries to establish itself was acceptance not only of the concept of the freedom of the individual but also an acceptance of his dignity as an independent being. It is this sense of individual dignity that made the American the citizen more important than the government: it made for an acceptance of Natural Law as the guiding beacon of his existence. In a word, we have assumed that without morality there can be no strength; without Justice there can be no purpose in work or even In continued existence.

Secretary of Labor Goldberg dares to raise these moral issues in an address, in which he said:

We know too well from the lessons of history that tyranny often seeks to disguise itself by the assertion of humane goals. For us, means as well as ends are important. And for us, while we recognize any nations right to achieve a fashion of ecpn-omic system of its own making, we do not concede the right in moral terms to fashion a political system which denies liberty, human dignity and the rights of man,

In a word, be denies the right of Communism to enslave the mind and Uie personality of man. That is the essential attitude of the American people, but it becomes doubly significant when it comes from on# whose life has been in association with organized labor in this country. And the fact Is that, on the whole, organized labor has been more consistently anticommunist than many of our big businessmen who in their anxiety for a contract !<> get their principles of life. Even at this moment, some of them are pressing for a recognition of Red China because they believe that there is a dollar to be made in that- It was the labor group rather than the businessmen who gave Khrushchev a bad time when he came to this country and was wined and dined by those who hoped for a contract.

This we need to remember and understand because what faces us in the future is war and in time of war, whether it be a shooting war or what these days is called a cold war, which only means a war by different methods, those who are not for us are against us. And that applies to internal as well as external enemies.

The internal enemy is particularly dangerous because he is not readily recognizable and because to suppress him might mean the suppression of freedom which we do not want. For many years, the Communists have benefitted by this attitude of the American people. The recent Frankfurter Decision in the Supreme Court will probably clip their wings here forever, but it has taken many years for this country to realize how (Oontlnued oo Pafft )

'i^etail Field Assumes New Look

Strength For Today

By EARL L. DOUGLASS We Have A questkn Before Ua

How much government should' we have? Some authorities have maintained that the lest government the better. The bureaucrat says, Lets have more and bigger government all the time.

Would not the bestd rule bo thai we should have as much government as we need? Then .'are times, such as periods of national peril, when we need a great deal of government. Then art other times when the less government we have the betttr. Too little government leads to chaos; too much government to the stupidity of legions of little men hurrying about and trylnf to Insinuate themselves Into other peoples butlness.

The. kingdom of heaven is* an

absolute monarchy, a despotism., So far as we taow. w shall have not a thing to say about how heaven is to be governel. We shall take orders and b ecstatically happy to do so.

Ninety-five per of the

factors of our lives were all settled before wt came into this world race, color, sex. nationality, the period of history Into which ws an born. God gives ut s little five per cent

and tells us to see what ws

can make out of it.

When I wu a child, my father used to 1st me play with Ufe ends of the lines when wt went for a drive. And I thought 1 was driving.

In heaven, nothing but government. On earth, as much as we need Ur make and keep us happy. Is this not the ideal?

By ELMER R0E8SNER

The retail field has und^gone so many changes during the past few years that the traditionally well defined areas of retaUlng have almost completely Uist Individual characterliUcs.

Before World War U ititro were four primary tyi^s of*re-tall outlets: variety, department, drugs, and food sunes, with only slight merchandise overlapping.

Since the war each has expanded its merchandise lines into fields previously identified with others, or has been forced to altar earlier ifrictices because of new forms of competition.

Drug stores are now stocking general merchandise: some have a fairly wide range of appli* anoes. Drug chains are setting up new divisions, not even re-'motely connected to retail drug ltns. United Whelan, (or example, is moving Into discount house operations, and for some time has been manufacturing wearing apparel..

Food stcwea have beccmie supermarkets and stock drug

and variety merchandise. They also have Invaded the discount field. Grand Union now boasts 20 stiM'es with general merchandise. Kroger has a discount drug chain.

VARIETY fTORES CHANGE - Variety stsres have probably felt the changes more than anyone as their tradlti<al lines have appeared In variout other kinds of stores. To compensate they are expanding their scope of ^merchandise, moving into practicaUy all shopping centers and adapting self-service operations to increase volume. Some are even expMdmentlng wiUi food-sup^wttes or sharing space with food supermarkets.

Wooiworth. the <^dest and largest of the vailety chains, is answering the ohaUenge by continuing to open a new l(ore at the rate of one every other business day. The recently announced capital expenditures of $150 million over the next five years are avowedly to maintain its variety store leadership.

In its variety stores, Wool-worth has expanled merchandise

r'

and has completely lost its five-and-dlme image. It now handles nearly 40,000 items, selling fi^om pennies to $100. .

The company recently launched a department stores division into the low-profit merchandising field.

Department atores have beca eltrnely hard preseed by discount houses and so - called membership stores that frr to appeal to a particular class in society, such as government workers.

Determined not to be under^ aold, many department stores are cutting prices to compete. Some department store chains are exploring discount (H>erationi as a possible area for expansion. At least one chain,* the May StYee, Is moving toward the worth has expaiuled merchandise nlque with a plan to adopt self-service checkouts In many seo-tions of its present stores. DISCOUNTS* FUTURE

The future for discount typa operations appears bright. Richard G. Zimmerinan. publisher oi The Discount Merchandiser,

r. N

says the number of discount stores could reach 2,400 by the vCnd of the year and that the fields sales should Increase about 41 per cent, to $4.1 billion. this year.

What exactly distingulahes the discount store from other stores? R usually Is a large, self-serivce type operation handling man/Jines of merchandise anything there is a demand for; operates with a skeleton ales force; may give credit but doee not finance Ita own accounts, and supgilies a minimum of delivery and other ervicet that customara have become accustomed to iweatving. Often It ia located out of the high rent area but almost equally often it*i in a sew idiop-. pling center.

Ae tradlUonally different retailing fielda tend to loee their indivllual Idiouty with ovarkp-ping merchandise lines, esrvicea and pricing, the importance of malntalntng a dlattoefift Image will can for retailera to ahow greater imagi (Using and more relations during the