.

PAGE roUK

I DAILY REFLECTOR, GREENVUJB, N. C

Tuetdayt July 4, 1961

Tuesday, July 4, 1961

They Staked All, Can We Do Less?

Fortunately, It Didnt Happen This Way

July Foiirth is a day to reflect upon the conditions and sacrifices which brought into being on the new continent of America a new concept of government of, for and by the people. It is a day for remembering that the first citizens of this nation pledged their lives, fortunes and sacred honor to the achievement of a dream of a nation which would be ruled by its citizens and dedicated to the liberty and freedom of the individual matt.

It is a day to reflect the sacrifices of men attd women who inhabited the 13 colonies on that memori-ble day in 1776. It'is a day to reflect upon the sacrifices that have been made by every generation of Americans since, as they have held high the torch of liberty and have defended it against those who would snuff out its light.

July Fourth is a day on which every American should consider not only the past of this nation, but also the present and the future.

In this land of liberty today, the American people in a very real sense face the same situation which their counterparts of 1776 faced. Their's was the choice between the dream of libefty and freedom, and the determination of their own affairs, and the altern-tive of domination by other forces and other ideologies. They pledged everj^thing they possessed, includ-

Substitute For noassed Bills

By AURORA DOLLEY

PUBLIC ACCEPTANCE A policy of If you cant legislate, captlyate is being tried as a ubstituto for ideas embodied in billfi which failed to pass during this and previous sessions of the General Assembly. Public acceptance of issues flunking the legisiative course is being courted by State agencies and departments most concerned with mea-fures killed by the lawmakers.

Sometimes this plan of educating the public is only a substitute for the ill-fated bill; other time* it Is tried as another means of accomplishing the same purpose. Often the idea of trying to sell the general public on a plan is an effort to sway the sentiment* of future General Assemblies on proposals which were frowned upon by their predecessors.

In some corners it is conceded that trying to get certain types of bill* passed before the issue has strong public support may be putting the cart before the horse. Some foresee more satisfactory cooperative results in enforcing laws if the citizenry i made to feel an urgent need for the law before it Is passed,

A bill which would have provided for compulsory chemical analysis of blood from motorists suspected of driving while intoxicated was killed by a House committee. Backed by State and national highway safety officials, the controversial measure boiled down to whether a suspec^ would be protected by having science prove innocence, or convicted by science. Proponents also cited national statistics proving merits of the measure, but opponents feared the tests were subject to error.

MaJ, C.A. Speed, head of the Traffic Division of the Motor Vehicles Department, gays that now across the State more voluntary centers are being encouraged to set up blood testing stations similar to the Winston-Salem unit which is said to work o well.

VOLUNTARY SALESMAN-BHIPThe idea here Is twofold, of course wider practice of chemical analysis for determining intoxication, even if on a voluntary basis, and letting the aucc^ of the voluntary centers *seU a larger proportion of Tar Heels on the workability of the Idea.

Health department officials )oin the Welfare authorities in disappointment that proposed licensing of nurseries and day care centers was laid on the chopping block of the House.

Dr. Roy Norton. State health officer, says that the welfare of the children Involved is the primary issue, regardless of who

receives responsibility for licensing and regulating standards, and he sees the need for more public awareness regarding the problem.

Workers who travel from state to state are called a neglected group by Dr. Norton, who feels that the beheaded bill to let his department regulate sanitary conditions in the migrant labor camps was a reasonable proposal. Not stymied by defeat of the measure, he Is wary of a bad epidemic in any of these camps across the state. For humane reasons, as well as avoiding any passible future scandals injurious to Tar Heel public relations. Dr. , Norton says that Legislation is not the only way.

Tactics to be employed In lieu of laws are designed to awaken public conscience to conditions in some of these migrant labor camps. This is also in line with the theory that prevention is cheaper than cure.

NEGATIVE APPROACHThe policy of taking a detour route, if necessary, in order to reach a goal Is not employed as often as it might be.

In the General Assembly, for Instance, many of the loudest shouts of no to a propasal were based on conscientious convictions that there was another, much better, solution to the problem. There are few that would quarrel with a legislators right to vote his convictions. On this basis, negative votes could not be criticized.

Butand in hind.sight it Is easy to be criticalthe Assembly Is then criticized for being a do-nothing or do-little group in certain areas. They are blamed for killing this and killing that.

At the last of the se.s.slon, more than one senator or representative told his colleagues that he had been "looking in vain for certain measures to be introduced, Others were oF>enly kidded for being "again everything voted on.

The point Is. . .does being AGAINST something or other also carry with it a responsibility to be FOR something? And if a lawmaker Is active in defeating certain proposals, should he not also be active in airing his views on a positive approach to an admitted problem?

For example, there.^ was scarcely a legislator who was not keenly aware of the need for more highway safety, and mast agreed it was a matter requiring urgent attention. But often it was a mater of voting no, no, no", without submitting. In the form of a bill, their "yes, ye.s, yes ideas.

Could it be easier to say no sometimes?

The Daily Reflector

INCORPORATED

-PttbBhed - Every Afternoon Except Sunday EflUblished 1882 DAVID JULIAN WHICH A RD, Publiihw

at Post Office. Orsetivtlls, N. as ssoond elaai wmM

matter.

SUBSCRIPTION RATES By Carrier^ (In Towns) Week 30c

By CarrierMotor Routes) Week 35c

BY MAIL, Payable In Advance Oreenvflls Post Office. Pitt County, RoberacrvUle, Vanoelwra Washlnffton and Chocowinlty

Three Months .............................. I l.n

Blx Months ..................................

One Year .................................. U.M

North Carolina (other than listed above) -

Three Months ........................... $ ctl

Six Months .................'................. 7Ji

One Taar ............... MJI

All Other Outside North Csroltna

Three Months ........................... tJi

Six Mcmths ......................... I.M

One Tear .................................... 1I.0

MEMBER ASSOCIATED PRESS

Tha Assodatad Presa Is exclusively enUUed to use for publlcatk all nesrs dispatches credited to it or not otherwise credited to this paper snd also tha local news published herein All rlfbU of pubUcahoD of epedal dispatches here are also reeerved.

NATIOVfAL ADYERTISINO REPRESENTATIVES Thomas P. Clark Oo Inc.. New York. Chlcaffo, AUaota. Member Audit Boreeu of OlretilatlOR.

AH advertisina copy muet be received at leaet one day before pubUeattoo data.

ingr their lives, to the achievement of their dream.

Today the United States finds itself locked in a struggle for survival with an ideology which denies the individual freedom of man, makes him the pawn of the state and his purpose for existence that of service to the state.

It is generally recognized, we believe, that in spite overtures of co-existance, there are direct conflicts between the philosophy of liberty and that of com*.^ munism which tend to make the co-existance impossible in the long run. In spite of our wishes to the contrary, the day is at hand when the American people must make a choice similar to that which was made

by the colonists in 1776.

^Either we pledge our all to the defense and perpetuation of the ideals of democracy and freedom, or we stand by and watch them gobbled up and disappear. Once again the American people face the choice of placing their lives, their fortunes and their sacred honor on the alter of liberty, prepared to sacrifice them if necessary. The alternative is to give up the ideals without a struggle, recognizing that without them whatever else we may have is worth nothing.

There are those who make good arguments against risking our cities, our culture, our wealth, our civilization, and indeed our lives. But the price of liberty has never been cheap. To gain liberty and to keep it has alw'ys required the price of supreme sacrifice, and in the world of today and tomorrow, there will be no cut-rate price on freedom.

Do we, on this July Fourth, 1961, stand ready to carry on in the Spirit of '76?

MacArthur Not One To Just Fade Away

General MacArthurs return to the Philippines and the tumultuous welcome he received show without question that old soldiers never die, and in the PATRTPTA MOOPl?

minds of many hero worshippers neither do they fade ^ vywxviii

away.

For the Philippines return of the World War

emotion-packed occasion. It was in those islands that MacArthur suffered his greatest defeats and won his greatest victories. It was also in those islands that MacArthur made for himself among the people a reputation that few men ever achieve. As an **out-.sider he gained the status of a national hero, and though years have passed since the liberation of the Philippines from the Japanese, Gen. MacArthur still remains a national hero in the islands.

The occasion was for Gen. MacArthur, perhaps a more genuine homecoming than his return to the United States following his recall by President Truman as commander of the American forces during the Korean War. The years since World War II seem to have dimmed the status of Gen. MacArthur in the eyes of some of the citizens of the United States, but in the eyes of the citizens of the Philippines, Gen. MacArthur still remains a great man among great men.

A Revolutionary ;;dea Then, Now

II general appeared to be an America And Americans

Today 35 foreign exchange students representing 20 countries will observe and be exposed to Greenville and Pitt County, including its people, its fu*ms, its politics, its weather, its soil: and Its attitudes and friendliness.

We hope, after talkhig to some f these students, that they will carry away from here the good impressions they have gathered from other parts of the country. One characteristic which they enthusiastically applaud about the United States is the hospitality and the friendliness of the people.

The customs here arc, of course, different from their own. Very different for some, and less different for others whose countries have become more Americanized since the war (such as West Germany), One young lady from Finland confided that the eating customs are very different here.

But she adapted herself quickly to our way and has master

ed the handling of forks and knives as we do. In her own country, she kept both knife and fork in the same hand through the entire meal.

But, she further confided I will probably change back as soon as I get home.

Most of these students are between the ages of 16 and 18, all In high schoolat the formula-tive stages of live, while learning is easiest.

Their mastery of the English language is wonderful, to say the least.

The amazing factor about the language is that one student had two years of English in her own country and spoke with great ease. We compared it to our two years of high school Spanish, with the added two years of college Spanish, and felt something lacking.

These students, who feel their lives have been enriched by living here a year and . learning more about other people, would

Other Editors Saying ...

By JAMES MARLOW

WASHINGTON (AP) Just 185 years ago today Congress let loose a revolutionary idea it didnt fully believe itself, a fact which makes it a little easier to understand the revolutions of today.

This was the idea: That all men are crated equal. . .with inalienable rights. . .among them life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness.

Neither Congress, which approved those words in the Declaration of Independence on July 4. 1776, nor Thomas Jefferson, who wrote them, really believed all men are created equal.

They believed, in George Orwells phrase, that some people are more equal than others.

The Declaration calmly ignored slavery. Even Jefferson, tfoubled though he was about human bondage, had slaves of his own and considered Negroes inferior.

Tlie Founding Fathers, following the Declaration with the Constitution ratified in 1790, still didnt consider all men equal. Their Constitution not only did^ nt end slavery, it permitted slaves to be imported until 1808.

All this wa.s done neatly, without once mentioning slaves or slavery.

The failure to use either word IS .Mgrtlficiint, Burton J. Hendrick wrote in 1937 in his book on the Constitution, Bulwark of the Republic," but "it betrays Iho sense of apology, of sliame, wiih which the makers approached a dangerous and. even disagreeable subject.

It took a civil war to wipe out .slavery. But even that couldnt establish as a fact in all American minds the hlgh-sounduig words in the declaration about men being equal.

Ihe proof . Tuesday milhon.s of Ameruan.s who rejoice in celebrating the .stirring words in the Declaration of Independence .still practice dLscrlmlnatlon and segregation against Negroes, even periiap.s while they celebrate.

The le.sson from it all applicable to what ha.s happened here and Is happening around the world now - is that when men, any group of men. white, black or yelHjw, have power tliey dont yield it easily, but abiuse it.

Some recent example.*: what the Negro sh ong men have done to one another in the Congo: What the Chine.se Reds did to the Fwople of Tibet: the Rus-lian Communists' control of the satellite peoples of Europe and their savage suppression of the Hungarians who protested.

In this country tha white men, outnumbering the Negroes, had the power to refuse them equal treatment and, for a long time, even freedom from slavery For generations the Western nations, not because of their numbers but because of thefr military power, keiH many millions, of people in

colonial subjection and exploited them.

Good example: The ignorance in which the Belgians kept the Negroes of the Congo.

Around the world as men in the backward nations began to understand a little more about equality and freedom, and as the Western nations grew weaker, the colonial period began to end.

But not quite. Look at Portugals suppression of the natives in Angola and the long struggle of the people in Algeria to free' themselves of the French. Perhaps the best break the backward peopl.es ever got was the result of pow^.

In this case it was a power struggle between the West and coihmunlsm struggling for their allegiance, in some cases just for their neutrality, revolution is encouraged, restlessness has an outlet, hope is revived for a better life than their ancestors had.

For a landless Latin American pea.sant hungry, sick and without a future it holds no terror for him to hear that if he buys communism he will lose freedom when his only freedom now is freedom from a decent life that could be his with better planning, a better share in the weaj^ of his native land.

He knows, unless there is tremendous change, there will never be a chance for him to become equal to the absent millionaire who owns the land he works.

For just as the words equal and liberty didnt quite mean the same thing to the men who singed the Declaration of Independence as they may to some Americaas today, freedom to a well-fed and healthy man in a prosperous nation may not mean the same as It does to a sick man with three hungry children in Brazil or Laos or Africa.

Now, more than ever in its history, the American republic I* under challenge to make words like equal and liberty come true, this time not only for white Americans but f6r men of all colors, and not only at home but around the world

Its either thi-s or face destruction since an America surrounded by a Communist world can hardly hope to be equal to its . more numerous foe.s or free to do anything more thgii yield or die.

D

increasing rroDiem

(Rocky Mount Telegram)

Despite the fact that penicillin has proved to be a specific cure for syphilis there has been a dramatic and radical increase in reported. cases in this country during the past three years. That was reported by F. S. Kingma. public health adviser in the Communicable Disease Center of the U. S. PubUc Health Service in Atlanta.

The report was made before a section meeting attended by delegates to a convention in Greensboro. This startling increase must lead to one of two conclusions: first, the rate of the disease has actually Increased or better reporting of cases ac-'rounts for the awrent increase In cases noted.

But both Kingma and Dr. W. L. Fleming, professor of jwe-ventive medicine at Chapel Hill, Were of the opinion that almost perfect reporting of syphlllis cases wouldnt account for the startling increases in recent years. Dr. Fleming said the very effectiveness of penicillin has resulted in apathy among physicians and health officers toward treatment of venereal disease.

The problem is best dewrlbed as one of natlo-wlde Impact. Almost a million and a half cases were estimated for the country last year. An effective program of control calls for close cooperation between federal and state agencies as well

as lodLl health departments. Because of modem transportation and swift population moves a single state simply cannot cope with its problem.

In most states there is no program of reporting venereal disease cases to boards of health. This indicates the need for venereal disease intelligence on a national scale. We are naive to assume that all private physicians will voluntarily report each case, declared Kingma.

During the early 1950s, the incidence of venereal disease reached an all-time low and there was a general feeling that the tools and treatments available were adequate. 'This was a time of optimism. But today we have a dlsturbiag situation despite the tools and equipment. Public agencies and private physicians should unite in finding and treating every case.

There is another side to this picture, of course. It concerns the moral aspect bf the venereal disease problem. The Increase, as noted by the doctors, can be accounted for only by assuming the rate of promiscuity has also increased among young people. Concerted efforts on the part of parents, the schools and the churches to point out the hazards of such action, together with the dangers accompanying such diseases, would go a long way toward helping to reduce the incidence of venereal disease in our nation and communities.

An Ole.

make any American feel proud of his America.

This concept of Americans, derived here, seems to do away with that bad impression the American tourist in Europe leaves there.

We heartily recommend that you grasp any opportunity to meet and talk to any of these students, to find out a little more about their countries and our own.

Strength For Today

By EARL L. DOUGLASS

WE DONT LIKE SHACKLES

King John, who ruled from 1199 to 1216, was one of the worst kings in English history. He attempted to deprive boqi the barons and tjie people of basic human rights. At last on the field of Runnymede his nobles met him and forced him to sign what has since come to be known as the Magna Charta. In this instrument John promised that no free man could be proceeded against except by his peers (equals) or the law of the land; that justice should neither be sold, denied, or delayed: and that taxes could not be imposed save by the consent of the National Council, which later became the House of Commons.

Anyone who believes that the right to live as free men in a free world is a privilege which just grew up in the natural course of events needs to reread history and note how consistently its pages arc splattered with blood. We have had two world wars in this enlightened and sophisticated century of ours in in defense of human freedom. Communism looms and leers today. That iron collar if ever fastened about our necks could be heavier than anything humanity has worn to date.

For those of us who live in the free world, liberty and life are synonymous. We hate tyrants, and if necessary will die telling the world so. Modern life has not softened us to the extent that we will passively submit to being shackled.

Quote,..

"Child labor is eliminated. We could now use a law forbidding the kids to work th^ parents to death.Wichita (Kan.) Eagle.

rror

By GEORGE E. SOKOLSKY

Copyright. 1961, King Featu)ea Syndicate. Inc,

It would seem that the State Department is making the same mistake in the Dominican Republic that it- made in Cuba. The essential error in Cuba was that the State Dep^ment believed that it could distinguish between a good and a bad dictator. Batista was a bad dictator; Castro was a good one. So the United States intervened in Cuban affairs; got rid of Batista; put Castro on the throne and is now paying an enormous price for an histrica^ error. A non - interventionist policy would have made no distinction between Batista and Castro; a full and true interventionist policy would have set up the terms for a dictators control: put Marines In Cuba to maintain order; and eventually hold an election so the people might judge for themselves. To follow neither course is to produce confusion.

In the Dominican Republic, immediately after the old dictator, Raphael Trujillo was assassinated, men long associated with him, including his son, took control of the situation, reestablished Crda* immediately and set a remarkable example of successful transition. But those who performed this orderly task have been associated with one whom the State Department listed as a bad dictator, and from whom recognition was withdrawn. Therefore, the State Department will not recognize the present constructive men. Instead, it seeks others to take their place others who may have had no experience and whose associa^ tions may be harmful to us.

What is likely to happen if the State Department course is followed is that a political vacuum will result and the ComfnunlsU from Cuba will move in, taking control not only of the Dominican Republic but also of Haiti. The quarrel between Trujillo and Castro is that the former suspected the latter of planning to do that.

One wonders at the logic of the Fourth floor of the State Department where the experts dwell who fWTn policy without responsibility. These lower offw cials write reports, screen reports, prepare working paper.*. The great moi who sit on the Fifth floor or in the White House have these documents before them when they reach final decisions and are often governed by them, ignoring information from an other sources.

The Kennedy Administration has sought to accumulate as much talent as is available. There can, of course, be a plethora of talent. It is like eight pianists playing a delicate Chopin waltz at once. It is like eight cooks making a souffle. In the end, one cancels out the other and the concoction is a horror. Thus this assemblage of talent is already stepping on each others toes/hre are too many of them, 'nielplace is too crowded. There is too great an assemblage of wise men, each one of whom has to be wiser than the other; each one finding it necessary to establish that he is the smartest of all.

The result is that the President stands before the country a brave and serious man who courageously states policy and then the varieties of associates, assistants, experts and general nuisances vitiate the whole business, piaking a sound President appear to be more correct in his oratory than in his actions. The countiT would be happier if President Kennedy sent some of his advisers home where they could do the work to which they are accustomed without damaging the country.

To return to the Dominican Republic, the rule, it would seem to me, ought to be that whoever is with us is to be favored by us. There is some criticism of this idea which men with lofty purposes and short memM-ies regard as selfish both in design and execution. The fact is that we are closer to World War III than we are ready to admit. The debacle of the Kennedy - Khrushchev conversations at Vienna, now admitted on both sidesi marks it fairly clear that we are moving in the direction of war.

That being so. the United States cannot afford to lo.se a (Continued On Pago S)

3uy A House, Despite The Price

Opinions In Briel

Tlitngs in our government today are hot done by individuals, they are done by bureaus, by office.*, by groups, by nameless organtzatlons. How can you do anything in this world that way?l^an Rlckover, USN;

By ELMER ROESSNER

You should buy a house. The ads say so, the government says 80, I say so.

But you should realize that when you ^buy a house you put your neck* in a noose.

Consider;

When you buy a house, you commit yourself to paying city, county and often district taxes. And, depending on where you buy. taxes can range from almost nothing to the demand that you buy your house again every year

You also commit yourself to paying for utilities. In some areas, you can dig your own well, generate your own power, bury your own garbage But in other areas, you must accept city services, pay tribute to the servitors, or be subject to fine. OTHER INFLICTIONS

You may be liable to many special taxes. The local school wants a hew trampoline; it la added to your tax bill. One group doesn't like Venetian lights along the atreet, to you must

pay your share of new Neapolitan standards. The heart (rf the brother of the county supervisor has sprung a leak, so taxes must include a new job, the tnsoec-tion of sedentary services, to keeV) the brother in parsnips.

You become liable to special t)ites. You had jolly well buy two tickets to the Sanitation Men's ball, the Firemens Trot and the Policemens picnic, or else. The else is really unimportant. If you dont buy. you may feel that the city will be Jerked out from under you but, as a matter of cold facts, you will probably get the same services. The special biters usually rely : on apprehension and rarely cut off a service becalfse a house-owner wont play chickeq.

THE CIVILIAN BITE

You will also be subject to other pressures. If you live In rented quarters, no pne cares whether .you are a member of the Sons of I Will Arise or not. But once you buy a house, you are plotted on the neighborhood charti-

Now in our fair land, Catholics, Protestants and gews rarely get together except on special occasions. But the field workers always cooperate and if you buy a house you are promptly visited. And your answer is quickly communicated to other sects.

The local minister may think his rivals peddle only damnation, but if he hears you say you are not a Protestant, the Catholic and Jewish faithful wUl be at your doorstep in a matter of minutes, all with pledge cards.

These\ cards, for building funds, winter heating, foreign missionaries and other establishments can be as heavy a drain as local taxes.

ONLY THE BEGINNING

There afb other levies: swears for people on the other side of town; fees for inspections of shelters; the womens exchange bite, the Scouts and Girl Guide contributions, the community Christmas tree, the PTA, the Den Mothers nd Arts C(rfn-misslon.

All this does not Include the

costs of annual termite inspections. the annual furnace care, banging screens and storm windows, lawn mowing, painting trim and feediqg peanuts to jays, which can be the largest item of them all.

So you put your neck in a noose.

It is a nice noose. The costs and there is also insuranceare no more than you must pay for rented premises because, after all, the landlord must pay aU these things, too. So buy a house, enjoy yourself and relax. You, not the landlord, get tax credits for deprecjRtloR. taxes. disaster damage and insurance, And besides, a: sale can giVe you a capital gains. More about that soon.

SAN FRANCISCO: CITY OF INSTANTANEOUS DRINKS There is less time between cooktalls in the Mark Hopkins Hotr In ISan , Franclsqp. Tele-scribers enable waiters to send in orders instantaneously. The drinks are ready by the time the waiters reach the bar.