PAGE FOUR

Thursday, June 22, 1961THE DAILY REFLECTOR, GREENVILLE, H. C

True Evaluation To Require Time

I'm All for Arms Inspection

WML

As the 1961 General Assembly winds up its business and adjourns, there will be many quick evaluations of the job that was done, the quality of the legislation turned out in Raleigh since February, and the meaning to the state in the next two years of the laws put on the books in these recent months.

It will be some time yet, however, before any accurate evaluation of the overall job of the 1961 legislative session can accurately be made. Even for those who have carefully followed the actions of the General Assembly since it convened in Febpary, it will take time to ferret out the various actions and differentiate between the successes and failures during the session. In many instances, the value of legislative actions will be known only after programs have been put in effect and there is an opportunity to evaluate their operations.

To be sure the program to enrich education in North Carolina stands out as a major accomplishment of the 1961 General Assembly. But even this program must be evaluated later in terms of how much it

imbalance Has

Become A Trait

By LYNN NTSBET imbalanceLook* Uke tfa almost Impossible to get every* thing in balance. Pot a long time the complaint has been that government and high oificiala of govOTTunent, at all levels from eommtmity to WOTldwide activ-tty, offered too little too late.

Recant developments have raised qimtion whether a more erioua charge mi^it be claims for too much too soon. Top ranklitf officials are so eager to claim credit for achievements they sOTnetimes announce results before final decision has been made. For purpose of this little item we can skip the international field, and any argument about w1k> settled the Algerian or Congo or Latotian issues-or whether or not they were settled-Lets look at some things in North Carolina, and primarily affecting nowhere else.

About two years ago Governor Luther HocWes called a special news conference to announce settlement" of the textile strike at Henderson. A few hours later it was quite obvious there had bera no settlement, and the textile union iii fact called off the strike a few days ago effective on July 1 this year.

Some two weeks ago Governor SaniOTd called a special news conference to announce settlement of the school controversy In Madison county. The trumpeting fanfare about settlement was muted two or three days later ty news Uvat the situation had not been setiled. and that the personal issues were still controlling operations in the Mars Hill school district. What will happra there from now is uncertain. but there is no accepted or recognized settlementas nnounced from the Governor's tflce.

ADMIRALSThere are several admirals of the North Carolina navy among members of the General Assembly. One of the gimmicks for raising the quarter million dollars required to bz1i the famed battleship . 8. S. North Carolina to a permanent home in this state is to desifi3te every person who contributes 1100 or raises $500 an admiral.

Before Lt Gov. Cloyd PhUpott look off for Hawaii he was persuaded that the title (rf admiral would stand him in good stead cn the sea voyageso he was sort of blackjacked into contributing.

Rep. Herman West of Cherokee. one of the staunchest Republicans in the House, had a conference with Governor Sanford in his office. After the business of the conference was over, the Governor put the bee on the legislator for $100 contribution in return for an admirara commis-aion. He got it.

The aftermath to that Incident Is also funny. All through the session Rep. West had voted with the a^inistrttion most of the time bucking on the food tax and

one or two other Items. The day after the conference with the Governor. West cornered some of his mountain area Democratic colleagues and offered to help them out with the Governor In the event they needed help-which he had an idea they would.

assuredPublished reports of progress In the campaign to raise the money to save the famed battleship from the scrap pile do not read very good. Only about a third of the amount needed is in hand. But Hugh Morton, chairman of the battleship commission gives positive assurance that the Job will be done. And MOTton has a way of accomplishing what he sets out to do.

LEGISLATIVE NEWS The executive committee of the newly organized Legislative Correspondents Association met with members of the State Legislative Building Commission around the breakfast table the other morning to discuss arrangements for newsmen in the new building. For as long as anybody can remember reading about reporters have been permitted on the floor of the House and Senate chambers during sessions. But they have been there by permission of the presiding officers.

Outcome of the discussions the other morning was that space will be available for reporters tables and chairsif the presiding officers authorize them, but that the building commission has no authority to declare such faculties as permanent instaUa-tions.

All parties agreed that legislative processes should have . the widest possible accurate publicity, because the people have a right to know what their representatives are doing. The only way the rank and file citizenry can know is through newspapers, radio and television. For that reason the buUding commission has sought to provide much more adequate facilities than have been available before for writing reporters, camersr men and sound recording equipment.

While conceding that the people have a right to know what is going on, and therefore the re-poi^n have a right to be on the scene, the members of the buUding commission and legislators insist that reporters do not have the right to disturb proceedings by rambling around the haUs and "shooting pictures.

Addition of the "buffalo nose press room at the captol, for which Governor Hodges was castigated by some of the press, reUeved the ^reporting situation in the present capitol. Pre.ss captol. Press galleries, radio and camera booths, and newsroom facilities planned for the new buUding wUl further improve conditions and assure better news coverage of legislative procedure. __

actually accomplishes toward providing better education for jthe youngsters of the state as a whole. Al* -ready it has been pointed out that for all it apparently has done for public schools of the state, the 1961 legislature rejectedas its predecsors hadproposals that teeth be put into the law that require youngsters under a certain age to attend school.'

The fact that the legislature found necessary new sources of tax revenue to finance additional services for the people of the state is in itself an accomplishment; but the wisdom of the selection of sources of new revenue will be proved only with time.

As for the knotty problems of redistricting congressional districts and the reapportionment of representation in the House, there seems to be general agreement on the latter while there is still considerable controversy over the former. And then too, there remains concern over the fact that the legislature never succeeded in hammering acceptable legislation for redistricting the representation in the Senate.

Did the General Assembly do all that it should have in the interest of better highway safety of the state? Will the efforts made in this direction be sufficient for the best interests of the citizens of the state in the next two years? Already these questions are being answered both in the negative and in the affirmative. but here again time will prove which is

correct. ~ ^ ,

While it is difficult at the moment to accurately evaluate the overall work of the 196 General Assembly, it seems reasonable to draw the conclusion that the session proved to be considerably smoother than was expected at the outset. There was less serious divisiqn among the membership on major issues than had been anticipated before the session began. There was considerable more restraint on the part of opposition forces concerning many items of legislation than one might have anticipated.

Committee Shouldnt

By PATRICIA MOORE

Now Step Backward Saved Foi The Present

The tractors-for-prisoners deal between private U.S. citizens and Dictator Fidel Castro of Cuba hangs in the balance until the deadline at noon Friday at which time the offer will be withdrawn unless the Cuban strong man accepts the terms put forth by the Americans.

It should not come as a surprise if Castro rejects the offer of 500 farm-type tractors in exchange for some 1,200 prisoners taken by Castro forces during the ill-fated invasion of Cuba two months ago. In recent days he has said he will call off his offer for an exchange tractors-for-prisoners unless the American citizens provide 500 heavy-duty tractors that would represent an investment of some $28 million.

The Tractors-for-Freedom committee which initially accepted Castros blackmail offer should not be shocked by the fact that the dictator has upped his asking pjrice for the prisoners. In the true form of blackmailers, he has upped the price now that the victims have taken the bait. Coupled with this it should not be surprising to see Castro follow the communist propaganda line by seeking in rejecting the acceptance of his initial offer to place the blame on the American committee which took the bait.

. Now that the committee has gone as far as it has in negotiating with Castro for the prisoners, it should not retreat and meet the dictators new demand for a greater ransom for the prisoners. The committee said its offer of 500 farm tractors in exchange for the prisoners has been made on a take-it-or-leave-it basis. It should keep it that way.

An ABC On The

In this Civil War Centennial year, many Confederate altes remain in the Old North State for viewing, and their stories are just as warm as ever.

Port Macon in Beaufort County is the closest to Pitt County.

It protected the entrance to Beaufort harbor, which was a haven for blockade-runners during the early part of the war. But in a short battle. Port Macon fell to federal forces.

Its significance today is that it

Public Forum

iin i angle

The Dafly Reflector

INCORPORATED Published Every Afternoon Except Sunday Established 1882 DAVID JUUAN WHICHARD, Publisher

Bitered at Post Offloa. OreeovlDe. N O. as Moond elsM Ml matter. _

SUBSCRIPTION RATES By Carrier (In Towna) Week 30c

By Canrfer (Motor Routea) Week 35c

BY MAIL, Payable In Advance OreenvlUe Post Office. Pitt County. RobersefwUle, Vanesaoee Washington and Chocowinlty

Ttiree Months .........

eix Months ................................

One Tear ... IS.Oi

North CaroUna (other than listed above)

Three Months ............................... 9 ^-99

Six Months ................. 9-90

One Tear ............ MSO

All Other Outside North Carolina

Trtxree Monthe 9 4S9

Six Mooths 9S0

One Teer .................................... t9S0

KMBKB aaaOCUTBD PRSSS

The Associated Press Is exclusively entitled to use tor publlcetioo all news dispatches credited to it or not otherwise credited to this paper and also the local news published herein All rights of publicatloo of special dispatches here are also reserved

NATIONAL 4DVEBT1SINO REPRESENT ATI VBB Thomas P Clark Co., Inc.. New York, Chicago. Atlanta Member Audit Bureau of ClrcalatkHL

All advertisiiig oopf mast be reotiYsd at least one day before publicatloo data

By JAMES MARLOW WASHINGTON (AP) This ts an ABG on how East and West got tangled in the Berlin net which may drag the world Into crisis before 1961 ends.

The central question; Will Russia try to grab off Berlin by shutting down the routes over which the West sends supplies and people to the city?

The United States. Britain and Russia during and immediately after World War II agreed;

1. To divide Germany into four zones France was included with each of the Big Four occupying one zone.

The Russian zone naturally was in the East since it was nearest Russia. And Berlin, since it is in Eastern Germany, was in the Russian zone.

2. To treat Berlin as a special area, with each of the Big Four allowed to have tro<H)s there.

The city was to be run by the four powers military commanders. Each was to serve in rotation as chief commander.

All Western people and supplies bound for Berlinsince it was in the Russian zone, now known as CommunLst East Germany had to move through that zone.

In light of what follows these two questions are pertinent:

Was there any agreement with the Russians on sj^ciflc access routes to BerUn? Did the Russians agree to keep them open?

In 1945 former Soviet Premier Stalin agreed with former President Harry Truman that the allies would have free access. And the States Department in 1958 said specific routes were agreed to.

Things went fine but not for long. Real trouble began in 1946 when CommiDists were overwhelmingly defeated in. Berlins first free elections in 14 years.

The Russian commandant in Berlin vetoed tha election of pro-Western mayor. More vetos followed.

In 1047 the Big Pour sAt down to work out a German peace treaty. The result: zero.

So the United States, Britaih, France and some other We^t European countries called for setting up a West German federation.

The Soviets, protesting, quit the Allied Control Council in Berlin. In J94B. contrary to his agreement with Truman, Stalin

shut off Berlin from the west by closing down all the access routes: rail. road, water, air.

Truman ordered an airlift to supply the qity. This, after almost a year, broke the blockade.

That same year. 1949, the new states of West Germany and Communist East Germany were founded, with the Soviets agreeing the Western allies would have at least the same access routes to Berlin as before the blockade.

By this time Western Berlin, of course, was thoroughly prowest. The Russian sector of the city. East Berlin, was under the Soviet thumb.

By 1955 Russia and West Germany had established official relations for doing business.

But the West Oiirmans and the Western allies rejused to recognize the East German Communist government as legitimate because it was not based on free election. They still keep that position to this day.

Yet, w'hile Russia said Communist East Germany was fully sovereign, it kept in its own hands control of those access routes from the West to West Berlin.

It was a good way to avoid trouble. No one could predict what would happen If, for instance, the Russiana gave the East Germans control of those routes and the allies refused to deal with them because they were not considered legitimate.

Meanwhile, West Berlin had become a blaeding aore to the Communists. Right In the heart of the Communist world it was a Western showcase of prosperity.

It was also a handy refuge for East Germans fleeing from communism. The Russians said it was a spy center for the West.

Finally, Premier Khrushchev threaten^ to turn control of the supply routes to the East Germana in 1958- He built this threat toward a crtsU.

In 1959 President Dwight D. Eisenhower met with him and cooled him down. But Khrushchev still insisted, although more quietly, there had to be a settlement.

Now once again he makes the threat which has dangeroils implications for these reasons:

The West because of the (Continued on Paft 9)

To The Editor-

Speaking for myself and many other members of the North Carolina Joint Council on Health and atizenship. I take this opportunity to congratulate your paper for the fine job of making the publk; aware of the achievements of Dr. Andrew A. Best. Your original article concerning his "Doctor of the Year honor and your editorial on Saturday pointed to the fact that he is indeed one of Greenvilles finest citizens.

I attended the medical society sessions in Greensboro as an observer for the Council. There were many of the nearly 200 professionals present who expressed great satisfaction that this award was made to the most deserving individual on a strict basis of performance, without political or sentimental overtones. I wish that many more people could have witnessed the enthusiastic response of the entire assembly when the name of the recipient was announced following an impressive list of activities and accompllsh-rfients. To have'seen this, would have greatly increased the appreciation for the importance of the work of such a rare indlvid-

^

The true greatness of Dr. Best was brought clearly into

focus in his acceptance remarks as he told the convention, It is with a serious and compelling sense of humility that I accept this great honor which you, my fellowmen, have seen fit to bestow upon me. To me, this award shall not be an agent for stasis to slow down progress. To the contrary, I shall regard it as a stimulant to speed us on to greater things to come. The very essence of the spirit of my acceptance is summed up in the Immortal lines which said,

'No one shall work for honor;

And no one shall work for fame

But each for the Joy of working:

And each in his separate star

Shall paint the thing as he sees it

For the Master of things as they are.

We of the Council Join you in congratulating our president. Dr. Best. We feel that a large measure of his greatness lies in his unselfishness, his sincerity, his humUity, his determination, his courage of his own convictions, his lack of a superiority complex, and his devotion to the cause of humanity.

Very tmly yours, Raymond W. Williams

Strength For Today

By EARL L. DOUGLASS DEFINITELY

A prominent British statesman was invited to journey from England to Canada in order to make a commencement address. His opening words were. "I have traveled four thousand miles to tell you that there Is a difference between right and wrong. ,

There is not only a difference the difference is so marked that we could all see it if we were not so selfish, Indulgent, and perverse. To be sure, real conflict of duties sometimes appear in life but not often. Usually it lA ft conflict of Interests. Not ftU problems we confront ftre moral problems. Watch that you do not make the mistake ol advocating ts a

principle something that is nothing more than a policy.

But a great many of lifes problems are moral problems They are definitely a decision between right and wrong. And the division is much more clear-cut than most of us are willing to admit. Again we need to be warned not to try to make a moral problem out of a situation in which morals are not involved. But we will lose our souls and our futures if we do not face up to mOTal problems when they actually arise.

And down through the center of them all is a deftnlte and easily discernible line seirating right from wrong. Let us face life as it is, not just as we want it to be.

There is a difference between right and wrong.

is one of the most perfectly preserved fortiflcaUons which has survived the Civil War period, completed with cellar rooms, casemated masonry construction and a moat.

Fort Fhsher near Wilmington was used by the Confederacy to keep the mouth of the Cape Pear River open to block-ade-runners, and also to protect the city of Wilmington. For three years it was a successfully manned fort, withstanding all efforts of capture by federal forces. Finally. in 1865. it was taken after a hi^ struggle.

Th3 summer a temporary mu-seim has been established lor exhibits. The site is located on Highway 421, 20 miles south of Wilmington.

At another site, some 6,000 acres of battle area is still intact at Bentonvillc, where the last serious resistance to Sherman took place, as far as the Carolinas were concerned. It was the largest and bloodiest battle ever fought on North Carolina soil, the N. C. Confederate Centennial Commission says, and was meant to slow down Shermans march through North Carolina and protect Goldsboro.

Many original breastworks and entrenchments are well preserved at the site. An old hospital, Harper House. Is now being restored to be used as a temporary museum.

A fourth point of interest Confederate-wise is Bennett Place, west of Durham, wbere Confederate General Joseph E. Johnston and Federal General William T. Sherman met twice. It was the site of the surrender of the Army of Tennessee. Restoration of two buildings, the kitchen and a dwelling house, has now been completed by the Bennett Place Memorial Commls-ilon.

Some of these places are already on our "visited" list, but in passing through various spot* during the summer, some of these might not have been recognized before as good visiting points.

Maybe weell see you around one.

Quote...

Democracy, the way it has been handled, doesnt have too much sales appeal to some of our foreign neighbors. Weve no end of economic difficulties, labor-management disputes, racial disturbances, and open rioting over one cause or another has finally become common everyday news.ForsyTh .Mon.) independent.

Thursday June 22, 1961

Schism

;h I

Ranks

By GEORGE E. SOKOLSKY Copyright. 1961, King Features Syndicate, Inc.

The question was asked of me how I know that there' is a cleavage between Russia and Red China. It is a good question because the cleavage is more a schism than an antagonism.

It is in the literature of both countries and in their conduct toward each other and to all other countries.

Let us, first of all. grasp the essential fact that Marxism has produced a religious response among its votaries. This religious response is profound. It has a basic law in the writings of Marx, Engels, Lenin and'others. These scriptures have been canonized as holy writ w'hich determines a way of life and arft_ a product of the science of history. In this context history includes sociology and anthropology as well as the biologic basis for all natural science.

As in most religious orientations. thought breaks into thred generalized categories, the extreme orthodox, the central conservative, and the oppositional radical. In Communist language, this Is the Right and Left Devia-tionists from the norm. Who establishes the norm? The Church Council, the Congress of the Communist Party, de- termines the normal doctrine which is implemented by the Presidium in each national party. (The Presidium and the Politbureau are identical.)

m the .literature of 6om-munism and in the resolutions and decisions of national parties, it is clear that whereas Soviet Russia now pursues a policy which in Stalins time was regarded as Right Deviationist. Red China, the most orthodox of Marxist countries, is Left Deviationist, Khrushchev demands that his Right Deviationist policy be accepted in the Soviet Universal State as the norm. Red China rejects this norm.

Let us analyze what Khrushchev proposes. The Leninist theory was that war w'as inevitable and beneficial. He said: "War is simply the continuation of politics by the other (i.e., violent) means. . .This was always the standpoint of Marx and Engels, who regarded every war as the continuation of the politics of the given interested powers and the various classes within these countries at a given time."

Mao Tze-tung holds to this view. Khrushchev does not. He said in 1936:

"War is not fatalistically inevitable. Today there are mighty social and political forces possessing formidable means to prevent the imperialists from unleashing war and, if they actually try to start it. to give a smashing rebuff to the aggressors and frustrate their adventurist plans."

Again in 1957, he said:

"We negate the fatal inevitability of war. But, of course, no one can say categorically that there will be no war. . ."

In 1959, he said:

"We consider, proceeding from a Mandst-Leninist analysis of the present situation, that war is not inevitable today. . the imperialists would like to make short shift of the socialist camp, to wipe the socialist countries off the face of the earth, but they are powerless to do so. They realize that a war can be started one need not be too clever for that but how will it end? We are convinced that should the imperialists touch off such a war it wilPiend In ' the destructiwi of capitalism."

This attitude has led to breaches and quarrels between the Russian and Chinese Communists. The Chinese hold with Lenin that capitalism must be destroyed by war and that there is no other way. Khrushchev holds that the success of Communism by peaceful co-existence is not only possible but Inevitable.

These differences between them have Impcrtant historic implications. Communism in Soviet Russia has been in power 44 years; it has been in power In China 14 years. Soviet Russia was assisted by World War II and the United States to in-dustrialiM itself, to become ft principal productive nation; China is still struggling to obtain an adequate food supply.

(Continued on page five)

Hodges Commands, Like Canute

By ELMER ROESSNER Just as Canute tried to reverse the tides of the sea, so Secretary of Commerce Luther Hodges Is commanding the tide of fashion to roll back.

Funny thing, he may have more success than the English king.

For generations, fashions have flowed westward from Paris and other European center. Now Mr. Hodges is trying to cause American - made style* to flow eastward to Europe.

From October 2 to December 1, the new United States Trade Center In London, sponsored by Mr. Hodges department, will stage three shows of American fashions, WhUe aimed it the British market, the Department hopes that buyert from other European countries, even Frwice, will attend.

MENS, WOMENS AND CHILDRENS WEAR A show from October 2 to 20 will display Westerii. utility and casual wear for men and boys (with the Western styles shown largely by Soulhem mftnufactur-ers); ad October 23 to Novem

ber 10 show will feature womens sportswear of cotton and synthetic, and a November 13 to December I'aifair will exhibit infants and childrens wear of cotton and light fabrics.

In the mens and boys wear part, blue Jeans and slacks, sport shirts and jackets will be featured, under the Impression that British males are ready for these Innovations. In the secon part. American sportwear will be shown in an effort to warn British women away from their abominable tweeds.

The third show, featuring infants' and childrens wear, Is expected to bring a favorable reaction. The American garment* will stress attractiveness and ftftsy malntenftace. Incorpor-fttlng synthetic drip-dry fabrics, and tha British are as weary of washing toddlers garments as are any people in the world. (Manufacturers and others eager to get into these shows should write the Trade Centers Division Department of Commerce, Washington 25. DC., quickly.) NEW TRADE CENTER ' OPENING

Meanwhile, on June 26, the first permanent American government trade center will be opened in England. The center is at 57 St.. Jamess St., London W. 1, around the corner from Pall Mall and in walking distance of my old digs in Bel-grave Mews.

The initial event will be a housewares show, with exhibits elected for the British market. There will be few if any air conditioners and not many electric canopeners.

Most emphasis will be on products that studies Indicate interest British housftwives and distributors. ,

Costs to exhibitors will be low, permitting economical sales testing. Exhibitors and government aides will be on hand to explain how various gadgets work, to quote prices and to explain how British agencies may contract for distribution.

Manufaoturers wanting more information about this exhibit may also ask the Trade Centers pivlslon (address above) for fuller information.

Wst Germanys ImpOTls of to-

K

bacco rose 8.3 percent last year . . .Thailand doubled its corn exports in 1960. . .Beef production is again on the rise in Argentina. Ole! . . .That Italy is a leaf tobacco exporting country is brought sharply to mind with the announcement that exports rose 15 percent last year to almost 30,000,000 pounds. . .Mexico shipped almost 30,000,000 pounds of strawberries to ths United States and Canada in the first five months of this year . . .The french glace cherry pack will be lighter this year, largely because half the Big-garreauz crop was killed by frost.

MORE AUSTRALIAN BEEF ON WAT TO AMERICA The next hamburger you buy may be well traveled. Almost 10,000,000 pounds of frozen beef left Australia between May 8 and 19 for the United States. At that time, other beef cargoes were en route and since then more freeser ships have been filled. Most shipments are consigned to New York, Philadelphia, Los Angeles, San Prancl*-CO and Seattle.