PAGB FOU>

THE DAILY REFLECTOR. GREENVILLE. N. C.

Thursday June 1 1961

Thursday, June 1, 1961

Eyes Of World On Kennedys Trip

The eyes of the world are on the young American President as he goes to Europe for the first time as the head of the most powerful nation of the free world to talk with one of his staunchest allies and also confer with the head of the communist world.

For President Kennedy meeting President de Gaulle of France and the summit conference with * Soviet Premier Khrushchev will be his first fling at top fevel personal diplomacy. He has met with high officials of other nations since becoming President of the United States in January, but for Presidpt Kennedy these previous conferences were of little import compared with the conferences in Paris and

Vienna. ^

The talk with de Gaulle will be a test for the ability of the new President of the United SUtes in keeping close ties among the Western nations on matters of international concern where unity is an absolute necessity. The talks with Khrushchev, although they are supported to be informal, will test the skills of President Kennedy in dealing face-to-face with the Soviet leader in an effort to ease international tension

Western powers. At the end of those European conferences he will not be iooked upon at home or abroad in exactly the same manner that he is looked upon today. In the eyes of the Western Allies and the rest of the world he will either be a stronger leader in international affairs or a weaker link as a result of the outcome of these conferences. His ability to lead the free world will be evaluated anew in the United-States and elsewhere following the meetings with de Gaulle and Khrushchev. . ,

Although the summit conference between President Kennedy and Premier Khrushchev has been termed an informal meeting for informal discussion of world problems, it must be recognized as a major conference in shaping the future of East-West relations. Although it is not expected to produce results that are immediately tangible in terms of erasing international problems, it will produce tangible evidence of the ability of the two men as individuals to represent their respective ideologies which are engaged in a struggle to w in world-wide support.

Upon the ability evidenced by President Kennedy may well depend the manner in which he is regarded in the future as he plays a major role in shaping the course of East-West relationships.

between East and West.

How well Kennedy doeskin these tests may well determine the respect he has in the months and perhaps years ahead when he attempts to speak for the a.

-r, tS r 1 Encouraging Report

To .Je::enc

!Mone ; Death Penalty

On Industrial Safari

By LYNN NITOET DEATH PENALTY The practice of hanging did not have a frieiid wlln* to speak in jHihlic In its behalf at the public hearing on the Harris - Taylor bin to abolish capital punlsh-mart in North Caroiina. A dozen or so people, representing important civk. religious and social orgaiUaations. appeared to support the bill. Some 5 or 30 other visitors came Just to hear the arguments. Applause accorded Paul Greens statement indicated that most of them favored the bQl and opposed imposition of the death sentence for any crime.

Committee members asked no Cucstions and made no comment. They listened attentively, but rather stolidly. Despite the oneaided sentiment expressed at the hearing, opinion prevails that the bill has less than even chance of passage. To support this view it is noted that the bill was introduced on February 20more than three months ago but did not get attention from the committee until this week PROPONENTS - Supporting the bill were spokesmen for the North Carolina Council of Churches; the legislative committee of Episcopal Church Wwnen; the Yearly Meeting of Friends (Quakers): the Unitarian Fellowship for Social Justice, and several other organizations and individuis.

The akw supported their positions with historic records of action by their parent groups and stories of how prisoners (Ace condemned to death had been rehabilitated into useful citixen-ahip, after the death sentence bad been commuted.

Paul Green, distinguished author and playwright, made the point that most of the felons executed were confused, bemused and murky-minded victims of a social <Hder they could not control.

FIVE POINTS-AD the agrmente were pretty well summed tip in the presentation by Rev. W.W. Finlator, Raleigh Baptist minister who said he was speaking only for himself. He listed five major points of objection.

(1) C^itol punishment fails to how proper reverence for human life. (2) II removes any possibility of human redemption or rehabilitation (3) It is administered in a flagrantly undemocratic manner. (4) U fails to recognize the falUMlity of human Judgmei. (5) Court trials inv<dvlng death penalties have become an <^cene ritual.

Pointing out that two centuries ago there were more than SOO crimes for which the death penalty could be invoked in Englandand now <mly one. and that every major country In the

The favorable report of Gov. Sanfords recent industry-hunting jaunt to the Ohio Valley area should encourage community and county development organizations to boost their efforts to. attract new plants and payrolls into their immediate areas.

The fact that the visit of industry hunters from the Tar Heel state achieved more initial success' and ^puffic***8S- more promise of new industry than any previous tour

mcnts and advocates of continu- Jn the history of the State, according to Gov. Sanford,

ing capital does not mean that a great number of Ohio Valley in- py HEINRY HOWARD

point to the fact that the dustries will be fighting for locations in North Caro- * * ^

world except Canada, the United States aixl England has abolished the death penalty, means that capital punishment is rapidly becoming Anglo-Saxon folklore PRACnCAL-Both the proponents of the bill

nouia

Be Kept Public

issue is fast be<>ming a moot question. There has not been an execution In NorUi Carolina since 1958, and vy few since 1950. , If the death penalty te not to be invoked, why keep the law on the books? On the other hand, if It is so seldom Invoked as a laacticaJ matter, why bother to repeal the provirion which serve as a deterrent to major crime in some Instances?

Consensus among legislators and observers seems to be that the bl as a gesture of respect to Harris and Taylor, but chances for passage in the House are slim and even slimmer in the Senate.

POTTPOURRI - Sen. Sam Burrow of Randolph was proudly showing his colleagues a letter he received the other day. He thinks it should be adopted as a model for all correspondence between constituents and leglslaton. It read; Please do not interfere with our schools. . . .

Former Sen. William Copeland, now legislative counsel for GovenMw Sanford, has a couple of old fashioned buggy whips In his offi^. Early in the session when legislators began to kid him about being the whup, he decided he would try to naake good. It took some doing, and the recruited services of a few lobbyists, but after so long a time he found the old-fashked whips at a store on the outskirts Raleigh. I havent had any occasion to use em yet, says Copeland, but theyre handy in event need should arlae. .

Iitterest manifested by Paul Green in the hearing on the anti-capital punishment bill and his reptft of frequent visits to death row to talk with prisoners awaiting execution, gives rise to the rumor that the distinguished playwright may be writing a drama dealing with emotions and reactions death row residents. . .

Your reporter chanced to be in a group of people who have been closely associated with the Goveniors ofce . for some yeara-^iot In poUcy-making or advisory capacity but in the era of personal service. Verdict was unaninoous that among the five most recent chief executives Cherry. Scott Umstead. Hodges and SanfordKerr Scott was the most considerate boss man.

lina.

It does indicate, however, that industries appar ently are indicating greater interest in new plant loca tions now than they did last year on the year before.

; Sleeping Late-A Luxury

At least a segment of our pop-

If that is the case in the industrial region of the Ohio ui<!Siayb a minority -Valley, it is probably the case with industry in many has dreams of a luxury aiford-other areas of the nation. ed on a regular basis to few.

ly on occasions. And then only on very special occarions.

The downturn of the nations economy in 1960 caused many industries which had plans for expansion to the ThereVoothing-

to delay those plans. With the upturn in the economy nke-it i^osophy of the late-that has taken place since the first of the year and with sleepers.

Like we said, a certain num-

pro.spects of future improvement in the economy, it ^ .a i

is likely that many industries are taking, a new look at Jer

expansion programs. The greater the* number of in- they can Join the clan blessed by dustries which are interested in expansion or new loca- that luxury, tions, the greater chance North Carolinaand other states, toohas of attracting new plants.

Whether or not the industrial prospects developed by the Ohio Valley jaunt materialize into new plants in North Carolina, the time appears ripe for

Only yesterday, we had a brief discussion about this business of sleeing past 7 or 8 a m. Casually we decided it is definitely a luxury. But it can be much more enjoyable when enjoyed on-

A few hours before our <n-versation up here at the office, two people very dear to us had visited our home. Their welcome visit had been eagerly anticipated.

As a matter of fact, we attempted to persuade them shortly before midnight to spend the, remainder oi the night with Us and rise early in time to travel to their ultimate destination, some 250 miles away.

Ry

l^ile there w*cre perfectly legitimate and logical reasons for their midnight departure of which we were well aware, the reason given was amusing. . . and interesting.

Wed rather make the trip now. late as It Is, so we can sleep late in the morning, they said.

With that we could hardly argue.

Everybody knows that eight

But. try as we might, we could not succeed in our persuasion. We really must go along tonight, we were told with final-

hours of sleep a day totals eight hours of sleep a day regardless of when its caught.

greater effort toward attracting industry on both the *i-i n. o

state and the local level. In a period in which some EclltOrS oOyiHQ

industries are taking a new look at delayed expansion plans, and others are developing new expansion pro-

grams, the local development groups throughout the ( OniTTlPnCGrnni UO-Y state should likewise be taking a look at their plans ^

for attracting new industries. The efforts to attract new industries must be stepped up to keep pace ^ifh the Increased interest among industries in new plartts and new locations.

still, propounders of the late-sleeper philosoiAy will tell you that there are ways to manipulate those eight hours to make them more enjoyable.

^DeGaulle Dream Can Be Obstacle

The Daily Reflector

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By JAMES MARLOW

WASHINGTON (AP) President Kennedy must wrestle with another mans dream in his conversations with President Charles de Gaulle in Paris today. Its De Gaulles dream of a new, great and grand France.

The enormously dignified, some might say vain Frenchman is 70 now. And for the rest of his life, even if he lives to 90, Its a dream not likely to be realized.

Although the United States and Russia are the only two great powers now, its Red China, not France, which is moving up.

Except as De Gaulle sees It. there is no likely spot for Prance in the top echelon of world powers during the next quarter century. So the two presidents are not apt to settle much. At best they may understand each other more.

At worst De Gaulle may be hardened a little more in both his dreams and his obstinacy. Neither man can walk into the meeting room and lay a bowl of recent triumphs on the table to Impress the other.

Fresh in De Gaulles me-mory Is Kennedys disaster with the Cuban invasion, the erosion of American power and prestige In Laos, the Russian space flight which made the American space flight look secondary.

Kennedy, in turn, will be facing a man, 26 years his senior, whose own recent troubles may in the end overwhelm him.

De Gaulle bately squeaked

through the generals* revolt in Algeria where the possibility of a new, wider and bloodier revolt is still very real. After three years of talking, De Gaulle still has not brought peace there.

Because De Gaulle is 70 and the history of France since World War II has been a history of instability and unpredictability. Kennedy must feel as he talks to the French president;

What will any promises from me to him or from him to me mean if he slwuld disaiM?ear from the scene tomorrow? Will new generals take over? Will Prance even remain a democracy?

Its this very uncertainty and long instability which would make Congress reluctant to let France have American atomic weapons or a say-so on the use of those weapons, both of which De Gaulle would like.

Kennedy therefore can hardly soothe him by promising cither.

AJ^ the war, when America had bpth an economic and nuclear monopoly. It was convenient for De Gaulle and needy Prance to accept U. S. help and unquestioned leadership.

Now Prance is back on her feet and Is developing her own nuclear power. American nuclear m<mopoly. broken by Russia, no longer exists.

Therefore, it is politically realistic for De Gaulle to assert French power and concern about American leadership since the United States no longer can (Continued on page five)

(Greeul>ere Daily New)

Commencement day is. among other things, a day when graduates fling their hats into the air. This lofting of hats into the air means that in the eye of the young graduate the anchorages of the past are to be left behind. He is embarking on new seas of freedom from many restraints, and most com-mencnent speakers rightly flatter this notion.

0(x:astonally, like Lord Chesterfield writing to his son, they edge a cauUonary word or two into the extolling of freedom, suggesting that knowledge should be clothed In manners that will smooth its way through the world.

Such commencement speakers are wise to suggest the complexity of freedom; for very quickly, as their experience deepens, new graduates learn the truth of Lord Chesterfields observation. Manners are necessary as well as truth that makes one free. Character is as powerful as intelligence Discipline must buttress liberty. The collective wisdom that is inherited in time comes to compete rather favorably with the iconoclasm of the self-sufficient Individual.

The graduate today has every reason to discover the truth that wisdom has two sides, like a magnet with two poles. He has Just left a school where there is real combat between freedom and authority. If he started to school 17 or even 21 yea^s ago. he brushed against the progressive education vogue which i now quite unfashionable, in which it was supposed that Individual inclination was a completely trustworthy beacon in learning. The present drive back to tmslc disciplines represents a

swinging away from a perhaps excessive freedom towards authority.

The same tug exists In the arts. The experiments in form that marked the earlier years of the century in literature arc turning now, once again, towards discipline. Music and painting do not exactly overlap this trend but there are signs of a turning back from the extremes of freedom.

In politics, whether ttie example is as close as an Alabama city or as far away as th^ Ciongo, the tension between freedom and- constraint, the law and the individual conscience, ij5 at its most explosive. There are no final rules by which this tension can be relaxed to everybodys satisfaction. It is true that Thomas Jefferson declared that the government have the right to protest and even revolt against oppressive government; but like the temperate man he was, he also added that governments long established should not be changed for light or transient reasons.

After the brief celebration of freedom on commencement day, the new graduate usually finds himself confronted very quickly with this ancient need for finding a satisfactory blend between the two great themes, not only in the realm of public issues but in his religion, his relations with other people, his personal standards. Even if he Is so foolish as to put his books away on commencement day, concluding that formal learning may safely come to an end, he will find the two tutors, freedom and authority, whispering their conflicting advice in each ear for a long time and here, at least, his education will merely be beginning thla week.

Perhaps theyre right about It. 'The danger is; when the enjoyable formula is discovered and put into practice, the Irresisti^ ble urge arises to s-t-r-c-t-c-h those eight hours.

Thats the luxury of it.

Saturday should be ' a day when Pitt Countianseven those

who can afford to call themselves late-sleepersshould enjoy the invigorating experience of rising early.

All chores should be done early to allow ample time to sit down and think for a few moments to decide whether anything has been left undone.

And for those Who have not yet done so, itll be high time to visit the proper registration place to get lined up for the county-wide referendum on the much-publicized Industrial Training Center.

After thinking for a moment, folks wiU remember that Saturday is definitely the last chance to register. Theyll also remember that this one is a special registration and that each voter must register in order to vote.

Whether or not Pitts taxpayers are in favor of making the last of 20 stateallocated technical schools a reality here is not the most important consideration.

The main thing is; every taxpayer should take advantage of the opportunity of expressing himself at the poUsan opportunity not universally enjoyed in this world.

The main thing for Saturday Is; every taxpayer should be on his feet early enough to remember whether or not hes registered. Because, before he can have his Say-So in this election, hes required to register.

By GEORGE E. SOKOLSKY Copyright. 1961. King Feature Syndicate. Inc.

The French have not been to* happy that President Kennedy;, visit to President de Gaulle war a halfway stop on the trip to Khrushchev. Although the Da Gaulle journey was annoimced first, the impression Is that it is second In importance, De Gaulle does not like to be second. It is not to the glory of France. .

Thla is a small matter of etiquette but it is not trivial because a state visit is undertaken to accomplish some major purpose and is usually surrounded by pomp and circumstance to make both host and guest happy. We do not know what was accomplished bj* President Kennedys state visit to Canada. From outward signs, nothing in p^icular was accomplished. The Canadians are

still going their own way as regards Red China and Cuba; they show no interest in a joint foreign policy with the United States, ^although the two countries are supposed to be allies.

De Gaulle unquestionably wants a larger role for Prance In NATO. Although the United States saved Prance from the Nazi, it was the United States that has been largely responsible for Prances loss of her empire, particularly Indo-China in Asia and the African colonies. De Gaulle is a profound nationalist who W1 not do anything to weaken Prances moral position in the world.

What the visit with Khrushchev can accomplish, it is pos- * sible to estimate. Kennedy and Khrushchev will talk endlessly and Khrushchev will be excessively pleasant in a peasant-like way. Kennedy will ask many questions whtch Khrushchev will take hours Wanswer. When all the convej^saons are over, the entire matter will go back to the Teheran Conference of 1943 during which Roosevelt and Stalin reached a series of secret agreements which are still secret as to words but not as to effects. So secret were these agreements that no copies of them were deposited in the State Department and Secretary of State Hull knew nothing about them. Some documents found in the White House files may be the record. However, there have been leaks and some, if not all, of the documents have been scanned. They are .very bad from an American standpomt. When we speak of the Russian violations of agreements, we do not have all the facts as long as the Teheran documents remain secret as long as any of them remain secret.

So it would be overly optimistic to expect much to come of the Kennedy-Khrushchev visit but whatever does occur should be made completely public. The habit of keeping the affairs of the American people from the American people is a dangerous one. The assumption that a little clique of great minds Is wiser than the whole American people is untenable. Mr. Roosevelt was the Great White Father .who knew everything but when we reach the year 1961, the United States finds Itself in a very awkward position and very little trouble can be traced to the international relations of the .Roosevelt. Administration.

Presidents since Woodrow Wilson have been anxious to be their own Sein'etaries of State and to advertise themselves as the most brilliant men in the world. When John Hay, Elihu Root and Charles Evans Hughe were Secretaries of State, they conducted the foreign affairs of their government and the Secretary of State was an outstanding figure in the country. Neither Robert Lansing nor Cordell Hull was of their calibre. Presidents did not leave this country during ttieir terms of office. The advantage was that no irrevocable arrangements were made such as Franklin D. Roosevelt made at Teheran and Yalta. Even Woodrow Wilsons major effort at Paris the treaty providing for a League of Nations was rejected by the United States Senate, but Roosevelt avoided treaties and while the United States has been faced by a fait accompli on many occasions, this country is neither legally nor morally bound by any promise which Is not included in a treaty.

At Summit Conferences there are no treaties to be ratified by the Senate, after proper lit-(Continued (m Page >

Most Powerful Lobby Attack

Strength For Today

By EARL L. DOUGLAS<

The FaUness Of Brotherhood

The United States, with one-sixteenth of the population of the world, own.s practlcaUy one-half of the worlds wealth. Furthermore a comparatively gmall percentage o Americans own about eighty per cent .of Americas portion. Yet there is unemployment and occasionally even hunger in this broad land of ours. There are some places In the world where, with every advantage nature can offer, people go from the cradle to the grave and never know what it means to be without hunger.

Why thla Inequality? Is it because of injustice, oppression, ignorance or Ineptitude?

Karl Marx had an answerer though^^ he bad, but as we

look at Communism to^y we believe that the system is nothing but an answer to the franc derire, of a few men to rule their j^ows. With all Its disadvantage and it is only a human systemfree enterprise or, what we call "Capitalism. appears to be the best way for the largest number of persons to enjoy human benefits.

On Uiis North American continent, we- have the highest standard of Uvm4r humanity has known In its history. We are proud of this. We ch^h it and will defend It at aU costs But the system must be improved. It Is ndt without Injustice. We shaU have to go a long way until we come into the fullness of a just and righteous human brotherhood.

By ELMER ROESSNER

The Kennedy Administrations proposal to squeeze the rancid fat out 0 business expense accounts is meeting one of the most powerful lobby attacks of the year. Young John might have found the oil industry more willing to give up its lollipops than certain businesses would be willing to give up their expense-account all-day suckers.

The Administration proposed a limit of $23 a day on deductions for travel away from home, and other sharp limits on deductible spending for night - clubbing, yachting and other (capitalistic* ways of getting new business or of keeping executives happy.

Everybody, except Caroline Kennedy and others of her age, knows that expense accounts line the largest, most unconscionable loopholes in the U.S. tax laws. Egpense accounts are used to give executivM nntaxed rewards In lieu of taxable 'tMiy: they aie used to buy business from proepects. And il that is

letting out a secret, pretend I didnt tell you.

LINE-UP OF AGAIN8TER8

Here are the people and organizations fighting hardest against limitation of deduotlhle expenses:

1. The credit CIrd Industry. It was bom of deductible * expense; it is a transmission belt for deductibles; without generous business deducti(His it will fade.

2. The restaurant industry. Cafeterias and lunch counters will survive, but the Forum of the Nineteen Caesars, the Sixteen Seasons and La Fonda de la Orbit may be pressed for free-spending customers.

3. Night clubs. Pew of the high-price saloons will survive if spending there has to come out of income after taxes. If a drinker cant lay off the price on a company expense account, or

, if the company cant lay it off against Federal and other taxes, its cheapej for everybody to drink at Nick Martlnia tavern. OTHERS OPPOSED

4. The hotel industry. The great rise in the cost of rooms, and of the building of new hotels, has been underwritten by people on expense accounts. Many hotels profit on annual rentals of suites to corporations. They are united against the proposal to shoot Santa Claus, the. man on an expense account.

5. Live theaters. Much of their patronage comes from people entertaining prospects (and who isnt a prospect?) on expense accounts.

6. Professional sports. A large part of the sale of season boxes is made to corporations. A sports editor tells me you cant get a good seat in Yankee Stadium unless you are on a corporations executive or guest list, or unless a season reservation has been in your family for some time, or unless some box-bolder dies. For expense - accountless peasants, there are the upper stands. ^

7. Unions. A large segment of organized labor profits from

expense-account spending; the hotel, restaurant and entertainment workers; sports employees; cab-drivers and others in

transportation, and many others.

8. Airlines and other travel industries. Jets, as one wag said, are divided Into two sections: the front one for people on expense accounts, the rear one for people paying their own way. Fortunately, bo^ travel at the same speed and arrive at the same time. If expense deductions were limited, only a few of the filthy rich would ride first class.

Advertisers and television stations appear to have blocked the reorganization of the Federal Communications Commission and the clearing of the wastelands of TV. If that small economic bloc can exert that much power, what can the much more massive group living on expense account spending do to the other Kennedy prop<jsal; that of limiting expense-account deduo* ttooa?