FACE FOURTHE DAILY REFLECTOR, GREENVILLE, N. C.

Tuesday, May 16, 1961

Tuesday, May 16, 1961 v-

No Rason To Look For. A Panacea

O * -

' An early summit meeting between President Within the past month the United States has suf-Kennedy - and, JSoyjfit .Pcemier Khrnshchev is to be fered a serioirs set-back because of the ill-fated in-hoped for not because it will produce any panacea for vaSion of t^ba designed to bring about the downiall the worlds problems, but rather that it may bring of Castro. This has affected the position of the United about an easing of international tension in several sec- States in international affairs.

tions of the world. , In the space race, the United States recouped

With the'experts viewing current ch1Tces of an some lost prestige by the flight of astronaut Shepard,

early meeting between the two leaders on about a 60- f success of

40 b^asis, it is certainly too early to say what form the United States did not match up to the feat of actual summit conference may take if it actually materializes, nianned orbit*which was accomplished earlier by the

Washingtons Leading Chin

The scope of conversations between President Kennedy and Premier Khrushchev may be extremely formal and limited, or they may be more informal and cover a broad range of international problems.

The American people should be aware that the

Soviets.

It would be a mistake, therefore, to expect that Premier Khrushchev will be anxious to meet with President Kennedy on whatever terms are set forth by the United States. At the same time it would be a mistake for President Kennedy to agree to a meeting

a meeting on international matters. Events in Laos in recent months have gone decidedly in favor of the communists and the United States has not yet been able to bring about the creation of the neutralist government of which Kennedy spoke some months ago. That entire tiny Asian nation is in immediate danger of coming under communist domination.

nw Heeded On !V[any Elections

international situation at the moment does not put the .r, if

T with Khrushchev on Khrushchev s terms alone. It

united States in the position to demand of Khrushchev j . u c itrvimioVtAVictr -

; t should not be surpnsmg if Khrushchev is difficult to

deal with in arranging* such a meeting in spite of

earlier indications by the Soviet Premier that he would

like to meet face-to-face with President Kennedy.

Summit conferences in the past, for the most part, have sened to ease international .tensions at least on a temporary basis. That was not the case a year ago when Khrushchev refused to confer with President Eisenhower because of the U2 incident, but since then a new President of the United States has been named.'

<9 *

We view the prospect of an early meeting between President Kennedy and Premier Khrushchev as an opportunity to iron out at least some of the minor sources of international tension. As such it could be profitable both to the United States, the Soviet Union and the world as a whole. To anticipate that the conference would produce sweeping removal of most sources of international tension, however, w'ould be a grave mistake on the part of the American people and the people of the free world.

If A Choice Must Be

_X

Made, De>Emphasize

Gov. Sanfords assertion that serious consideration be given to possible de-emphasis of big-time basketball by branches of the Consolidated University is certain to bring stiff protests from basketball fans throughout North Carolina.

By and large, however, basketball fans are more disturbed than other citizens about the involvement of pla.vers of North Carolina colleges in the bribe scandal that is currently unfolding. If the choice eventually must be made between de-emphasizing big-time basketball in the schools of the state or continuing big-time basketball controlled by the gambling syndicates, the majority of the basketball fans wdll choose ..the former.

The game fixing which has been exposed by investigations in recent weeks has not helped collegiate basketball anywhere in the nation. It has cast a long shadow over the sport which has enjoyed fantastic popularity growth in recent years. At the same time the scandals have cast a 'shadow over every institution which has had one or more players involved in the bribery.

Certainly college and sports officials everywhere must give careful consideration to effective means of insulating amateur sports events from the influence of racketeers and game-fixers. If de-emphasis of big-time collegiate athletics is the only means by which that can be accomplished, then we believe even the most avid fans will agree with the choice. At the outset of such considerations the institutions themselves must carefully evaluate the relative value they have placed upon athletics as a part of their schooi program, and the emphasis they have placed upon producing winning teams with star players.

If point-shaving and game throwing for pay are a product of the system that has produced big-time collegiate athletics, it is essential that the system be changed.

Changes Seen In Summitry Ideas

By Lynn nisbet

ELECTIONS While North Carolinianfi. including members 0 the General Anbly who haw taXen apecific oaths to sup- port tt, often do ncrt comply with reouircmenta of the State con-atiuitioo. There is one Item, however. which moat communities observe meticuloualy. Thai is the admonition that *'iar redreaa of grievances, and for amending and strengthening the laws, elections abould be often held

Next to attending conventions the great American paatnme is' holc^ng elections. The fact that many time* only a minority percentage of the citizenahip participates in the electiooa does not change the basic fact that the electkm was held and every cit* iien could have irticipatecl

Federal ar4 State conatitutions require that elections be held every two years for members of the Congress and the General _ Assembly, and every four years for a President and Governor and other officers. More (rftcn than not statutory proviiions for Dominating candidates call for one or more primary elections. Then there axe statutory re-quiremwits for elections of mu-mclpal officials, for special bond issues and tax levies, for legalizing sale of alcoholic beverages and numerous other governmen-ta. activities. It la a rare year when the big cltie* and counties in North Carolina do not have from two to half a dozen elections.

Take Raleigh and Wake county for example. There was a city primary for members of the council on April 18. an election on May 2. Already scheduled is a county-wide election on library honda on June 6. In the malting, though not yet ordered, is an flection on additional taxes for local supplements in public achools. And probably a state-wide bond election for school house c<istruction.

DEMOCRACY The frequent lections la a concesiioo tq the idea of pure democracy as con-traated with the repreaentative republican form ci government. And as elections become moi'e frequent and an increasing num-direct vote of the people for solution, it is natural that effort should be'made to make voting easier. Along with decline in the ides of responsible representative government and the- trend toward popular majority vote on nearly all matters, has come deterioration in the concept of State sovereignty.

Several bills acted upon by the current Legislature empha-^ aize Citizenship in the United States or in a voting precinct, rather than citizenship in the State of North Carolina, as quai-ifxauon for voting.

The original concept was that the United States was a union of sovereign independent States, and no one could be a voting citizen In the United States without being a voting citizen in one 01 the States. The origina] concept also was that each State should have two seats in the United States Senate, regardless of population, and these Senators were representative of the State, not the indivlduaJ citizens. The provision w'as that Senators were elected by the Legislature or appointed by the Governor. ' The 17th amendment adopted in 1913 transferred election of Senators to the .people and since then they have* been regarded as popular representatives of the citizens, not of the State as a governmental entity.

Subsequently by statute the plan of electing Presidential electors by name and charging them with responsibility for choosing a President and Vice President was changed and names of the Presidential candidates were placed on the ballot for popular election.

CHANGED CONCEPT - The idea that cltizenahip in the United States is different from and perhapa more important than cltizenahip in any State found expreasiOD in several bills before the present Legislature.

One was to amend the Federal ConstitutitMi so that residents of the District of Columbia could vote for President and Vice President. Another would amend the State Constitution so that newcomers into the state might vote for President and Vice President after 30 days residence here instead of the one year re-^quired for general suffrage. Opposition to these bills was based largely on the belief that they represented first steps toward full voting privilegea for everybody with less restrictions as to residence than has been the rule. Considered along with the rec-ognlaed trend toward more Federal control of all elections, theae innovations mean decreasing influence of State governments as such.

Although in some ways other proposed changes in the election laws might strengtheit State control, the long range effect of proposals to shorten the time in which a second primary might be called, to facUitiate permanent looae-leai registration and to promote the use of voting machine*, will be to make voting easier for the average citizen.

Advocates of the proposals contend that if voting is made easier a larger percentage of the citizens will participate in elections, and that is a highly desirable result.

.mpire 3orn O

Si-ndicte. lae.

By HENRY HOWARD

nusual Tale Of A Voter

In looking back on the recent municipal elections around the county and state and anticipating future ones, we remembered what we considered a quite unusual story.

It was a tale this particular voter told us sood. after the local election. And it struck us as rather strange. Strange because it afforded this voter a different approach at explaining his losing ballot.

While many persons apparently never admit they have voted

for a losing candidate, this particular one was more than willing to admit defeat for his ballot.

But he was completely unconcerned about losing. Why? The candidates in whom he had REALLY placed his faith ^had emerged victorious. Only the ones he had VOTED for were defeated.

Confusing? Not really. At least not after youve heard his explanation of his wild balloting.

Other Editors Saying 'n Terms 64 Races

He said he reasoned like this:

The men he voted for, he said. didnt have a chance of winning anyhow because if they^ had. I wouldnt have voted for them.

On the other hand, he ex-^ plained, the winning candidates 'were going to win anyway so they didnt even need my vote. The winners, he said, were the ones hed wanted to win all the time.

I gave my votes to them, not because Id like to see them win. but because theyre nice people and good friends of mine, he said.

At least this one person was honest about it.

The Daily Reflector

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By JA.HES MARLOW * WASHINGTON (AP) Time and events in a disorderly world dented the ideas of President Kennedy and Secretary of State Dean Rusk about summitry and travel.

Just a few months ago Kennedy Indicated a meeting with Soviet Premier Khrushchev who insulted President Eisenhower in Parts just a year ago Tuesday was a long way off.

Now the American and Russian governments are dickering to bring Kennedy and Khrushchev together in the near future.

Rusk was not only cautious about summit get-togethers for a President but even about travel for a secretary of state. Rusk, remembering that John Poster Dulles was the most traveled secretary in history, told a news conference March 9;

T personally have felt my time can be spent to best advantage In Washington.

But in the two months since then he has attended four International conferences outside this country:

The Southeast Asia Treaty Or-, ganization worried about the in-' creasing Communist takeover in Laos, in Bangkok. Thailand; the Central Treaty Organization (worried about the possibility of revolution in Iran, in Ankara,) Turkey; the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (anxious to mend its differences and show Russia a stiff Up) In Oslo. Norway: and now in Geneva.

Svl^itzerland. for a'14-nation conference on setting up a neutral government la Laos.

Kennedy goes to Canada Tues-^ day for a visit and then travels to Paris May 31 for a conference with French President Charles de Gaulle. HeU most likely seek Khrushchev immediately afterward, if plans are completed.

This Is .what Kennedy said

about summit meetings during the 1960 presidential campaign: Before we .go to the summit, before we ever meet again, I think it is important that the United States build its strength, build its military strength as well as its economic strength.

If we negotiate from a position where the power balance is moving away from us, it is extremely difficult to meet a situation on Berlin as Well as other things,

Berlin is not an issue at the moment but is expected to be this year. But in the time since Kennedy made that statement a short time ago as military building goes this country hasn't been able to add much to its strength.

But Kennedy went on: I will not meet Mr. Khrushchev unless there were some agreement at the seconds^- level, foreign ministers or ambassadors, that would indicate that the meeting will have some hope of success or useful extihange of ideas. Heres Rusk on summit meetings in a talk he made Jan. 18. 1960:

"It diverts time and enefgy (the Presidents) frwn exactly the point at which we can spare V least: if does not give us effective negotiations: such experience as we have had with summit dipl(Mnacy does not encourage the view that it contributes to the advancement of American Interests. He added. Summit dlpolmacy is to be ap-proeched with the wariness with, which a prudent phyatolan prescribes habit-forming drugs.

On March 9 Rusk said this about traveling by a secretary of state: I personally have felt that my time ban be spent to best advantage In Washington and I hope to make good on that \ over the years,

Bui he added that he,didnt want to be dogmatic about this.

(Washington Daily News)

The political pot is alreadj; beginning to show some signs of heat in North Ciarolina. Several Democrats have been prominently mentioned as candidates f(W governor. Among them are Cloyd Philpott, Joe Hunt, Spencer Bell, Bert Bennett, Bill Staton, and Basil Whitener.

As time goes on, more and more names will be floated into the political air to see how the public reacts. The name of Beverly Lake is still being mentioned occasionally. Some people say that by 1964 the state will be thread baie over the mattw of taxes that the people will be ready to turn to a staunch conservative such as Dr. Lake.

That is speculation now. and no one can say what the picture will be in 1964. There is talk that Governor Sanford has picked this man or that man as his successor. That is idle gossip, too. because ^r. Sanford would haitUy commit himself to any candidate this early in his administration.

But we cannot escape one or two .important facts. The first is that there is "no .shortage of potential candidates among the Democratic forces in North Carolina. A dozen names could be mentioned easily right now, and each of those listed probably would be rcccptiVe to the nomination.

But another cloud looms heavy on the horizon. And if the Democratis of North Carolina do not play their cards wisely, then great sorrow could prev^ within the. party.

The Republicans have a man of demonstarted ability and a man who has' proved that he can get the votes on election day- Charles Jonas, congressman from North Carolinas Tenth district, is being mentioned more and more as a possible candidate for governor in 1964. Mr. Jonas is a Republican.

Here In Eastern North Carolina. we all too often taice it for

granted that since we are so strongly Democratic that the election of a Republican governor is impossible. But let us take a good look.

Last year when Terry Sanford bad as his opponent Robert Gavin, the area West of Raleigh went Republican then. Governor Sanford won by the smallest margin of any Democrat governor in our lifetime. And when we consider that Robert Gavin was hardly known when he announced his candidacy, that he had never demonstrated any vote getting ability, and that the Republican party itself had several othor (yindidates who might have done better, the very picture should cause great concern to the true Democrats of North Carolina.

Charles R. Jonas would be a strong candidate. Make no mistake about that fact. Whether he would run or not remains to be seen. But if the Republicans of North Carolina persuade him to get into the race, then the Democrats certainly wl have their work cut our for them.

Several of our Eastern legislators realize the potential dangers. But their voice is not being heard clearly by so many casual Democrats over the state.

If Mr. Jonas is the Republican gubernatorial nominee in 1964, it will be the job of the Democrats in Eastern North Carolina to get out the heavy vote to offset the GOP expected majority West of Raleigh. It could prove to be a most difficult job.

Now is the time to quit taking the election of a Democratic governor for granted. Mr. Jonas is no political fteak. He Is a strong candidate, be that candidacy for congressman or governor.

The Democrats, if they play hide and seek too long, or * if they are indifferent, or if they take things for granted, might be in for a bitter awaAening one day in 1964.

A quick weekend jaunt to the coast has cost us slightly.

Of coursd. cost of such trips can usually be precalculated and minimized to a certain degree.

But, as often haw>cns. some items 0/ expense are just un-forseeable. And were not neces-sarily talking about expense In strict monetary terms.

Were talking about sunburn. And even that can be precalculated when planning a trip to the beach.

But how about a sunburned scalp? We usually think we have enough hair on top to ward off the burning rays of Old Sol.

This time we werent so lucky. We simply forgot about that haircut last Riday. And with haircut prices "rising constanUy, we always get clipped dangerously close to the quick-

The price we paid for such a thinly-thatched roof was a very sun-sore dome.

But even then, we were not aware of the damage until that nylon-bristled brush hit the flat-top Monday morning.

Public Forum

TO THE EDITOR

I should like to express my complete agreement with the views of Mrs. Janet Petterson whose letter concerning neighborhood conservation appeared ir. the Public Forum of Fridays paper.

Property owners favoring this form of slum clearance program have DOW an excellent opportunity to demonstrate to the people of Greenville how effectively this plan can work. There are other areas of our city, besides the one being considered for urban ^ reiiewal, which could benefit from such a program.

Surely the supporters of neighborhood conservation have not lost Interest in the future of Greenville after the counting of the ballots in the recent straw vote. There is ample room here for both programs.

Very truly yours, Jean Lowry

By GEORGE E. SOKOLSKY Copyright, 1961, King Features Syndicate, Inc.

Por years, those who hfive studied Marxism and Its Lenp inJst development in Russia, have been calling attention to the fact that nothing less than the conquest of the entire Earth would satisfy the Marxist principle. This has been as clear as day since 1847. It is referred to In Communist literature as the inevitable historic clash between a new dynamic civilizatioo and a decaying clvilizati<m which has served Its purpose and is no longer needed.

Those who are unwilling to learn have asked those who for 40 years now have b^ warning agsdnst the menace, to re-, frain fr(^ exaggerati. In 1917,. when the Russian Revolution occurred, there were a few who recognized the peril of the Bolshevik advance, but to most they were a fanatical band of incompetents, who would shortly fail. How incorrect this judgement was is evident today from the single fact that Soviet Russia is successfully building an enormous and incongruous empire and that-only the United States has the power, if not the ability, to withstand the strength of* the Soviet Universal State.

Soviet Russia is the first European country since 1861 to chsd-lenge the authority of the United States in the Western Hemisphere. The last effort was that of Napoleon HI to put and keep Maximilian of Austi^ on the throne of Mexico. The United States could do nothing about this because it was engaged in the War Between the States, but as soon as that war was over, the Monroe Doctrine was reasserted; th'^ Mexican rebel, Juarez, was given adequate support; Maximilian was dethroned and thkt was the end of a European effort to place itself in an imperial postition. in the WestemHemisphere.

What has happened In 1961? Soviet Russia has established a Marxist fortress In Cuba, controlled by an obvious paranoic Castro, who was actually put into power by our own fikate Department despite the available evidence that Fidel, his brother, Raul, and nvany of their associates were known to have had Communist affiliation. But Chiba is not alone. British Gmana,- Venezuela. Ecuador. Panama, and possibly Brazil are being ripened for Ch)mmunist revolutions. And It is in the face of such conditions that the State Department involves this "country in a quarrel with the Dominican Republic which could be needed in our defense at any moment. More mistakes of policy have been made during the - past 30 years than seems possible.

, Even Canada, with which we have had cordial relations since the War of 1812, has been discovering our weaknesses and has. become tolerant of anti-American propaganda. In fact, Canada is strengthening Cuba by trading with Cuba, th-e being no visible guarantee that some of the goods sent is not of American origin- Canada la^ aleo -trading with Red China in opposition to our and their interest. The rettlona between the United States and Chanada should have been such that the two countries stand together, at least, on the C^uban Issue.

The question arises as to what we shall accomplish with the Organization of American States. OAS is a substitute for the Monroe Doctrine. It places upon the Latin American nations the responsibilities which formerly the United States assumed. Among these is the obligation to keep Europe and Asia out of the American Hemisphere. The question that arises now is whether Soviet Russia is es-tablishiisg Cuba as part of a colonial empire or a satellite or a segment of the Soviet Universal State. And must the United States accept this violation of the Monroe Doctrine?

The assumption that Cuba is today governed by Fidel Castro, as a dictator. Is nonsense. Cuba is governed as East Germany is as Hungary Is; as all so-called Peoples Republics are, from the Kremlin. The country is full of Chinese Communists and Czeclioslovakian Communists who are the effective rulers of the'land. This is tiie technique that Soviet Russia has employed in every country that it has conquered. The so - called Peo-

(Continued on page five)

Some More Bewares For Buyer

By ELMER ROESSNER

Here are Uiree bewares, two for travelers and one for hi-fi and other electronic kit purclias-ers:

1. If traveling abroad this summer, when buying items which you are not taking* with you, insistithat the seller sepd them to you direct.

If you dont, the seller may simply turn them over to a customs broker, who dispatches the goods to an American customs broker.

If you have Included the articles in your quota of duty-free g^s, you will, have to furnish the receiving broker with proof of this, which may mean one or two trips to his office. Furthermore, you will have to pay the broker a fee, and pay f(w having the goo(LB sent from customs to your address.

You may save $10 by buying a bolt of tweed In Scotland,.tnep pay a $5 brokers fee, a $5 delivery charge and waste $20 worth of time on the transaction.

Is advising direct shipments, preferably through mall if light enough. I am not undercutting any free-enterprise American customs brokers. Most of them would ratner not be bothered by these small-change transactions.

THE HONG KONG TRAP

2. If you visit Hong Kong, dont buy anything to take or send home unless the seller Rives you a certificate of origin declaring that the item was not made in Communist China, and have American consular authorities inspect the certificate to make sure It is valid.

Without a valid certificate, the goods cant be imported into this country.

In a current case, an American traveler sept some dress material to her daughter. The traveler bought It at a mill where she saw similar textiles being made. Woven into the selvage v/as a statement that it had been made in Hong Kong. But* tti Federal Reserve, |^b has charge of such mattersT refus

ed to let the daughter receive the goods. However, it sent the traveler an application for an export license, and she is re-exporting the fabric to a friend in England.

But if you havent got a friend in England, better not buy anything in Hong Kong without a certificate of origin. Or, better yet, buy In Tokyo or Bangkok instead, where the red tape Is thinner.

3. Dont buy electronic kits unless you read the guarantees carefullyand understand them. Many are deadfalls for suckers.

Many of them specify that the kits are guaranteed, but provide for replacement only If the defective part is returned in the original carton. Purthermore, the buyer has to know which part is defective. '

One hi-fi nut bought a kit recently and put it togetlier, faithfully following the dlrecti(Mis. No hi. No fi. No sound.

He took It back to the seller. It tested the set and foend that one part wiu) defeotive. The sell-

ef' replaced the defective pari and( charged $15 for the test, plus a few dollars more for labor in replacing it. When the HFN complained, the guarantee was pointed out to him'. If he had figured'which of the many parts was the defective one, and sent it back to the shop in the original carton, it would have been replaced free.

These "bewares may save other people money. Send in yours, and well have anothr setl

HOW MANY CORPI CAN ONE MAN BE?

A construction outfit, putting up 13 housing projects, divided itself into 13 corporations to get the jobs done. So no corporation had a profit of more than $25,-000 a year, and none paid the corporation surtax.

Know what the Tax Court said? "Humph! ^.Jhe basio working company had. to pay surtaxes on the total profit. (Shaw CoQstnictloa Co., 35 TC No. 115.)