rat DAILY REFLECTOR, GREENVILLE, N, C,April 2S, 1961

page four

Tuesday, April 25, 1061 > T 1

Nice Step Up The Economic Ladder

r.iiu" S'hi P..P. .toiflch. .t

sss; rh7i.T;.iSihSi:; eris ss

to 44th place in per capita "5* ^ At that of the nation as a whole. In spite of its economic

should prove a source of ^^Hee .. Carolina still ranks in the lowest 15 per

the same time the fact S^rof the states in per capiU income,

among the bottom .seven states in ^ P^n^ern for North Carolina, if its position is to improve must

should connue to be a .ource gr continue to place even greater emphasis upon its own

the people of this state. , i economic development. The momentum in this direc-

It is- significant that while the national gam in generated in the state in recent years must be in-

income for T960 compared with 19o9 creased to an even higher rate. Any let up on the part

. mately five per cent, the gam for North Carolina was

or its individual communities in seeking about' seven pe r cent. In dollars, economic growth could cause North Carolina to slip

Carolinians gained only $80 in per capita inco_ backward down the economic ladder it has been so

the previous year while the average a nation- ascending in recent years,

wide basis was $83. In spite of the ^ * _ There have been important accomplishments in

Carolina moved up a peg in the rank of states, states economic groMh and its goal for a higher

capita income was $658 below the J^thln per 7pfta Tncome hi recent years, but certainly North

three dollars farther below the national average than attained a position satisfactory

was the case in 1959. relation to the other states of the union.

These comparisons show that in spite of the fact __

North Carolina has moved from 46th place among the TUf,,l4 Din/T

MulU-Rmg Circus

For World Attention

...

True. The Dogs Not Chooy Who He Bitea- P0VOlt

Against Republic

Tax Levied Only Against Money

Bt LYNN NISBET T.\X BASE Governor Sanford said the other day that the * onljLthing taxed is money. The income tax is levied on money when you get it. the sales tax is levied on money when you spend it. and all other taxe are on money between the getting and the spending.

The late Henry George, world-lamed economist, promulgated the idea that real estate, acti^ land, should bear almost the whole tax burden. Known as the single tar* plan that idea had many supporters 75 to 100 years ago It doesnt have many now. Both the Sanford and the * George ideas are based in the " concept that property rather than persona should pay taxes, whether the property be to-tangie or real. The further fact is that nearly all the value of i^operty has been contribute by labor, mental or physical.

- Take, for example, oneof the line motor vehicles vfhlch a market value of some $8,000 to $100.000.

It is made up of a few pounM of metal, some vegetable pre-vetswood or natural fiber, and some synthetic material developed through chemical process. The iron or aluminum, or other minerals, had no value while underground. Its final value in

* the automobile was due entirely to labor of the miners and primary processors, the transportation of refined ores, the laboratory finishing process, and the skill of artisans who did

the final fabrication. The tree standing in the forest had no cash value until woodsmen cut 14t and otter laborers processed It. Many of the chemical plastics has no value at all. except in the brain of the man or woman who conceived their usefulness.

LABOR It is customary when contractors bid on construction job to break down the i'lems Into classification^ such . as material, labor, supervision, etc- In these classifications the labor represents the work actual-' ly done on the project. Back of that, however, la the labor v getting the raw material out of the ground and through' the processing and transportation phases. More than 90 percent *of ' the material cost is for labor. The supervision, which includes architects and engineers, represents mental labor and goes

.......back to- the education of the

teachers who taught the archi-:: tecta and engineers, and those

' who taught these far back

teachers.

Items itt go to make up transportation costa, and upon which taxes arc paid, represpt the cumulative value of l^te^ through many years and unt^d phases of activity. So it is that whether the tax is direct^ levied against income or spending. against intangible or Un-gible pn^rty. it actually is levied upon the mental and physical labor of people.

This represents, so far as the educational taxes we concerned, a beneficent circle- 'The money collected will be used for the better training of hands and minds so that they can add more value to inert ra% materials, and therefore increase the total wealth of the community.

REALISTIC Bills introduced by Rep. Buck Harris of Wake last week take a realistic approach to the problem of adequate expense allowancM for State employees. One bill ups the mileage allowance for use of privately owned cars from the present 7 cents to 9 cents a mile. Increased cost of insurance and maintenance make the proposed 9 cents no more than the 7 cents was when was substituted for the one time 5 cents allowance. The central motor pool has reduced the use of private csu's, but some private vehicle travel Is necessary.

More significant is the provision for payment of actual expenses of the employees, instead of the fixed per <fiem allowance of $9 in the state and $11 outside^ Expense accounts calling lor more than the fixed aUowance are subject to strict audit by division and department heads. The agency head must be convinced that there was no extravagance in the spending.

Under the system which has prevailed many State employe^ could travel and live in the style their jobs required at the statutory allowance. Many others simply could not, and were forced either to dig Into their own pockets or to fraudulently manipulate expense accounts.

Comfortable lodging can te found in most cities for $5 to $6 a day, leaving enough for the employee to eat on out of his $9 allowance. But majority of the employees attending conventions and business conferences must stay at places where the room rental is from $8 up. leaving no allowance for food. The proposal for actual expenses after thorough audit is honest and realistic. _

The rapidly changing picture of international crises shifts the focal point of world attention about the globe with such speed that one might liken it to trying to watch" a multi-ring circus with mam acts

going on simultaneously in each ring.

Just a few weeks ago the world s attention was

focused on the Congo where strife "d, threatened the international peace and the United Nations wasand still isstriving to bring order out of chaos. Suddenly the unusual war in Loas became

the focal point of attention with nations g SCHLIENZ

seeking a cease fire from the Kremlin in order that cy

some curse short '

bringTi,a solution to the problem in that

Last week attention turned to Cuba ,

ffltpd invasion, with the moral support of the united ^

States, was repulsed by Castro forces and the United newS'apertSl have

States was accused of international aggrespon. ^ j ^ status ia repre- more than served its expected

time Ca.stro appe_ared [n * our-bour ^ and tele-

in order that W

"IStatus'-With A Bonus

TT%i4a/^

time Ca.stro appeared in a four-hour radio and tele- by ^aatc-to^- S innded' purpose,

vision telecast to heap blame on the United States for card suitable for carrying in the invasion of Cuba, however, the Cuban situation a wallet. -K/,nt r

has taken a back seat to headlines *>out the muUny ..injoig of French troops in Algeria and rumors oi an attacK ^ ^

frnm Alireria uDon the French mainland. also a small amount of d^cnp-

While all of these represent major international crisis, they have come in such rapid succession that ^

figure^ If its necessary to

none of them has been resolved. Each has caused an flash my press card just once

increase of tension and has brought about only a tern- _ _

porarv shifting of world attention. They are problems h'eaped one upon the other and sooner or later unless some solutions are found their weight is bound to reach a breaking point.

^ years no

one has cared much one way or the other about my having any other identficaon than a drivers license and a social security number.

When Candidate John F, Kennedy came to town I was given some official-looking press cre-denals in the event duty called

Public Forum

Cubans Oiiered No Inducements

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By JAMES MARLOW WASHINGTON (AP) The main lesson from the Cuban invasion disaster is that you can t beat something with nothing.

What the invasion lacked was Ideas and enough muscle. But the lesson here applies else-where. ^ *

President Kennedy said last week: There arc from this

useful lessons. It is clear that the forces of communism are not to be underestimated in Cuba or anywhere else in the world.

Pidel Castro, at the beghining of his war against Fulgencio Batistas dictatorship, seemed to have nothing much more than resentment.

It was only after a year of fighting Batista In the mountains that he broadcast an idea to draw mass support.

This was his program of agrarian reform land for the landless.

When . he took over, even though he became a dictator, he put In this reform and others.

Its easv for Americans, with their distaste for dictatorship, to think that because they despise Castro all Cubans do. But there are two kinds of dictatorships. . ,

One is simply repressive, selfish. and ignores the peoples needs. There is the other which rallies support with benefits or promises of benefits long overdue.

Castros is the latter kind.

To a.ssume Cubans, after a

long history of dictatorships, value freedom above all else when they havent had the kind of freedom Americans enjoy, is simply to think of Cubans in American terms, not in their

terms. , ^ .

There was some astonishment and the American Central Intelligence Agency reportedly badly advised Kennedy on this that the Cubans didnt rise up

and sink Castro when the in

vasion began.

There shouldnt have been. The exiled Cubans making the invasion represented shades of-thinking from left to right. If they had won. it is easy to imagine the subsequent, and perhaps bloody, struggles between them for power.

But so far as this writer knows they did not try to win the Cuban masses away from Castro by program which might make them look more attractive than the dictator.

Castro undoubtedly has broad support for some of his programs in diba, even though he may have brought hatred and resentment with others.

As a minimum for winning popular support before the invasion the rebels would have had to promise to keep the good Castro reforms while abolishing the unpopular ones.

Without proclaiming such a

To The Editor;

Of course it is proper and fitting for a candidate to place an ad with his picture in the paper just before election time, but I didnt know that it was customary, proper or fitting for a doctor to run an ad and his picture in the paper just befort an election. But that certainly Is a whopper of an ad that Ray Donald Minges, M. D., of Route 1 ran with his picture in The Daily Reflector of April 20. But one of the most revolting things about that ad is the stamp of approval which the doctor puts upon the alleged stealing of an flection by Haywood DaU here In Greenvle approximately 53 years ago. Are we to understand by what he says in reference to this allegation that he doesnt think the proponents of Urban Renewal so called can win this May 2nd election unless they steal it, and that they tend to do just that? What the doctor says about it certainly ia capable of such interpretation. Now, I do not deny the allegation that East Carolina College came into being as the result of a stolen election. It may be true. At least according to a story that appeared in The Day Reflector some time ago Mr. Haywood Dail was still telling this story, and gloating

Without proclaiming sucn a teumg inia awu, program in advance, the rebels 'over what he said he had d()ne, 1 vMrkVA ftion Kxxfnrci ho OUt IntO

^ MEMBER ASSOCIATED PRESS

The Associated Press is iktcluslvely entitled to use for publlcatl aU news dispatches credited to It or not otherwise credited to this paper and also the local news pubilshed herein All rlghU of pubUcatloD of special dispatches here are also reserved.

NATIONAL ADVERTISING REPRESEl^TATIVEi Thomas P,-<aarkjCp., Inc^ New York, Chicago, Atlanta. Member Audit Bureao of cjrctilatlolL

All advertlilng ccl^ must be received at least one day before pubUoatton data.

aa* # -----------

seemed to be nothing more than a brand of men who didnt like Castro and whose only program was to get rid of him.

So, before the Invasion began, the rebels hadnt prepared the population with ideas. And, as it turned out. from a military standpoint they also were poorly prepared, both in numbers and equipment.

But this disaster raises questions which go further, and are more important, than Cuba alone. The United States, its clear now, helped prepare the invasion.

If this government was so far off base in understanding both the attitude of the Cuban people and what the invasion needed in ideas and muscle, then how much better Ls it in other areas where it is trying to stave off communism?

If in Asia, or Africa or Latin America the Communists promise needed reforms and benefits but this country simply puts its etfort into fighting communism, particularly if It backs ceac- Continued on page five

UVCl WllttV '

shortly before he went out into eternity to meet his God. If the story is true it is a sample of the kind of home rule that some of our politicians are forever and a day clammoring for, anil which we the citizens have put up with until it is time to put 8 stop to such thievery around the polls. But whether true or false, if the editor of this paper is the champion of progress that he tries to palm himself off as being: and if he has the interest in East Carolina College that he professes to have, he will stop trying to glorify such thievery, thus casting reproach upon that institution as standing there a monument to a stolen election, thru which it is alleged to have been born into the world. Surely the President and the members of the board of trustees and the friends of East Carolina w'lll

deeply resent your repeated casting of contempt and dishonor upon that institution by trying to glory such thievery as that of a stolen election.

Now you proponents of o^:all-ed Urban Renewal write and talk as though you think progress will die with you when you die. But we who oppose you in this matter believe in progress, too; only we resent that falsely so-called progreM which you advocate which is only achieved by trampling upon the necks of your fellow beings, driving them from their bornes and taking them from theri). You seem never to stop to think-of what God Almighty thinks about such things. In fact you seem t() \ think you know more about what is right than God Almighty himself In spite of the contempt which Martin Luther poured out upon the Law of God, or the false interpretation placed by many upon what the Apostle Paul said concerning our obligation to abide by the Law of God, Jesus Christ, who was n()ne other than God manifest in the flesh, let it be known that the Law of God will be bindmg upon Christian people as long as this world stands. And according to the Law of God you cant take a persons home, or any of his real estate away from him against his will. In His effort to establish a perfect form of government with a perfect people abiding by perfect laws, the Lord God handed clown the decree that, except in a walled city a subject of that law could not sell any of his real estate to any other person and give a title in perpetuity to the same Of his own free will he might sell a lease for a number of years to the same. But in no event could he even sell a lease on his real estate for a time in excess of fifty years when the year of JubUee roUed around. When ihe year of Jubilee rolled around any property said to have been sold by one man to another automatically reverted to the owner who is said to have sold the same, for it was not an actual sale, but a mere lease that had been given ' (Continued on Page o)

me away from my ivory tower. Alas, no such summons was sounded; nor was Mr, Kennedys timetable compatible to my own. There was no opportunity to slip away for a ringside seat-during his visit. History bears witness this had no adverse impact on the Kennedy candidacy.

In' the old Army it was different. Anybody witlftut at least three identification cards or tags or something, just barely quaU-fied to wear a uniform. I remember carrying enough p cards, papers, etc. to require a waUet aU their own. Relatively speaking, money was a non-essential.

"^"ne can readily^ understand the necessity for press cards in metropolitan areas; and they gained status in the hey-day of B pictures in Hollywood.

The movie capital ground out dozens of those semi-epics featuring ace newsreel cameramen flashing their press cards and racing to the scene of heroism or tragedy; sharp-eyed and sharp-tongued reporters (hat on head with press card prominently stuck in the band) grouped around police, corpse and coroner; or gaining entry to places where the common herd could not enter because oi the magic in a casually-shown press card.

\ So these little items have through the years acquired a fqeasure of status all their own. Po^essing one, it follows, should imp'art some.

Fok my part, I get something extra.\

Where, . . .on the card. . . .it gives weight and height and age, I get no bonus.

But where it specifies hair. . . it reads Ired. No mention of a thinning tendency nor the spread of silveryl^ threads. Just red. Love mat press card!

Sunday nights television show by Jack Benny proved to be one of his best of the seas<m.

I think he has been saving it for months; to use the show when the topic was most timely. (It had to do with going to New York to sign a new contract.)

Two reasons suggest a delayed showing was Involved:

Mary Livingston played a role; and soon after the present season got underway it was publicized Mary was returning for one show in the process of being filmed. Ive waited and waited, but Mary didnt show until this past weekend.

Another reason: twice the

icrlpt obviously called for a reference to coffee. Twice the sound track was clipped so that word was unheard. . . .which suggests it was prepared before the shows present sponsors were acquired.

One of them is a tea company.

By GEORGE E. SOKO^KY

Copyrlgte. Pe'aturei

Syndicate. Inc. \

Constantly ma cbmcsy' in from many parts ol the country wSSh says that the United States is a republic not a democracy," which nowadays is a Play on words. Government is the exercise of power by those who arc in control of the machinery for the managenient of men and production and distrib-utton. The United States is a representative republic which means that this wuntry Is gov-

emed by representatives of^the people in Congress assembled in accordance with the Constltu-

^ There are those who say that the trend to this coun^.i^5^ ward democracy which, in toe United States, would mean toe submission of government to^i-rect pressure of the people. The assumption of those wl^ to keep this a

than a democracy Is that toe ySScture of government mu^ be retained, despite wars and econonc dislocation. No country can afford to be static and the United States is stetic. Government is

ing its form and application as the affairs of the country change.

It is impossible to eng&ge of the nature

World War H. the Korean War and the Cold War and function under the constitutional linoita-tlons of the Jeffersoni^ era. Constitutional change, by ment or Judicial nlng with the first Ten Amend ments and coming down to the Brown Decision have been eon-

%te War Between toe States resulted in significant constitu-tional alterations^ by was. The 14th and 15th Amendment were basic constitutional changes. Therefore, those who want to keep this a rcpubbc rather than a denwcracy, are raising an issue which is not of signifi-" canee at this moment In our history. In 1^. what we to face now is the fact that for better or for worse, this country is in a period of transition, the nature of which no one can fore-

8. Tuttle of Eagle River, Wls., pertinently asks how the

country Is to be ave<U . .By electing a President who could and would rereree the tide? That is patently Impos-sitoe the mKf conventions are rigged and , national electioni handled these' days

Or by electing a roeter of Congressmen who can and will fend off the terrific pressure of special interest groups, and do the right thing by this country and its people? . .

What Tuttle advocates Is ncrt so much Impeachment as recall and his advocacy is for democracy. that is, for direct decision by the people, not through rei^ -resentatives chosen for a fixed period, but by popular pressure.

If the people do not like a decision of the Supreme Court, the Court should be impeached, according to this doctrine. Judges would not exercise freedom ol judgement but would Uve in tor-ror of a mob that would, without knowledge or preparation, dictate decisions. The terror of the French Revolution was of this nature. Instead of orderly government, anarchy would prevail. Mr. Tuttle jumps all over Chief Justice Earl Warren. Of him. he writes:

Warren, as I read the record has time after time disgraced his high office, disregarded Constitution, flaunted and

abused the Congress, rendering* its work futile, disenfranchised the states of the union from rights set forth in the Constitution, coddled Ck>mmunl5ts and helped the conspiracy at every

Having committed such

widely acknowledged atrocious deeds why should not Warren be cailed to the bar of justice to answer? That is the one civil way of bringing culprits in high places to account impeachment. If we do not avail ourselves of this safeguard we slide to obUvion.

This is really amazing. I do not hold with many of , Justice Warrens views but these paragraphs represent a violent response to political agitation, in the 1930s such words and phrases appeared in The Dally Worker, the organ of American Communism. In 1960, members of the John Birch Society employ such language and accept such ideas In the name of conservatism.

(Continued on page live)

Family Farm Is. Near Extinction

.. . .evvkl* trlvY^tvn A/4 1

Strength For Today

By EARL L. DOUGLASS Watch Out For That Difference

The wtii'd worry comes from an Anglo-Saxon word which means to strangle.

This Is most suggestive, for anrrv la indeed something which strangles us. We shouRT always be concerned over financial matters. the welfare of our children, our standing in the community, the state of our physical, mental, and spiritual health, toe conduct of our busness. The word "concern means to be interested In. attentive to something. If we arc not interested in or attentive to our business it soon goes to pieces. But it is one thing to be concerned over our business and another thing to worry about it. It Is one thing to keep a pretty close Ub on children and to know whera tHey are and what

they are doing and thinking. It is another thing, however. , to have them on our minds to such an extent that we get precious little joy out of them. We may in all good conscience aspire for a better job. a higher station

By ELMER ROESSNER

The American, family farm, Uke the poppa-and-momma store is moving to extinction. It cannot last another 50 years. Then it will join the blacksmith shops, the streetcar lines and the local breweries in history.

There will be noble efforts to keep the family farm alive.

The present Administration is taking steps to keep it prospei^

^ Xongrefifiiten bleed

ffmmr..irar a sTooreT InT&flg Tl

come. We need to be concerned about all the factors involved in these situations -- but not to worry about them. To worry means to strangle.

There are people who .live a life ol continual strangulation. They are in agony from morning until night, and it would be hard even for them to set down on paper precisely what they are worrying about- They are simply strangling their livc.s.

Concern? Yes. Worry? No. There is a vast (Wlerence between them.

from the pores In declaring it the bulwark of Amalean independence. Orators, recalling roseate memories of boyhoods in the country, wiU stir defenses of the American farm. But, in the end. they will find* they are defending an anachronism. They might as( well defend the right ol youngsters to shoot marbles 0% toe dust of Main Street. Main .Siriet has $een paved for a quarter of a century.

HANSOM AGRICULTURE The family, farm is rapidly becoming as dut-of-date as a han-;

som cab on Fifth Avenue. True, a few hansoms do ply Fifth Avenue today, but they are there to attract tourists and sentimentalists. And in another 50 years, the family faims of America wUl be maintained only to attract tourists and sentimentalists. including vacationists and addicts of Vural and Western fiction.

But the family farm is out of dato; U can no mTR with automated agriculture than the poppa-and-momma store can compete with supermarkets.

The family farm Is ateut in the same position In buying as the family grocery.

The famUy store must buy from small wholesalers, who must add on the cost of cases and delivering, while the supermarkets buy in lots directly from suppliers. You can hear stories of butchers who have to pay higher prices for meat from wholesaler than u-

permarllets sell comparable meats for.

So it is on farms. Small farmers must pay higher prices by far than the giant spreads do when buying. In many Instances. big farms can sell produce at lower prices than small farmers can make the same crop.

C0NT1UING TREND

Automationor at least farm machineryis a big factor. The blgTarm. n the

family farmer cant even afford to rent, can prepare more land fa<er and cheaper. The big farms can shoot products to market through networks of trucking services cheaper and faster than independents can get their goods to market.

Big farms can delay or hedge sales:' the small farmer must sell when his crop is made. Big timers, wito shrewd legal guidance. can drink the cream of governmept aid; the anaJi faro-

r gets only tiie skimmed milk.

Government figures, as familiar to John F. Kennedy as to me, show the trend. In 1930, there were 6,289,000 American' farms. In 1954, there were 4,782,-000. There are fewer today.

In 1930, there were 80,620 farms of 1,000 acres and over; In 1950, there were 121,362.

ThCTe are more today.

In 1940 the farm population

was counted at 30,547,000. In March; 1960. toe total would have teen 19.934.000 By the sarnd system of tallying. But the Census Bureau noted that the farm population had been determined by ths question, Is this house on a farm or ranch?

Naturally, that took in many people who were really not farmers. So the questioning' was changed to determine the size of the farm and the annual income. And a few days ago the Census Bureau reported that in 1960 there were only 15,^7.000 Americans living on real farms.