.y 4

PAGE FOUK

ITuesday, April 18, 1961

THE DAILY REFLECTOR, CR|EENVILLE~N. C

As Long As Theyre Talking

Capital Improvements On Horizon

Pitt County is rapidly approaching the day when next week or next month*

it must face up to the question of undertaking a con- these problems, but tn nrn^HI

siderable capital improvements program if it is to pro- future some steps will have to be pLiipat

v/i nhv^iral facilities to carrv on county more adequate facilities than now exist. At the earliest

Tnt^rntent Pi>>le opportunity the commissioners should begin

Eariiei this month the Countv Commissioners a,careful study of the needs of the county In terms

heard a proposal from representatives of the Pitt of physical facilities and means by which these faciU-

a?tr- of such considerations wiTT. only

begin im ^ hnu<io facilities serv^e to postpone longer the day when the existing

w^eek the Pitt County Medical and Dental needs will be filled, and in the meantime sub-par con-inrietv adonted a resolution calling on the County ditions which now exist will only worsen.

""tnS homlTha^Mitid me:rthe*r"eu"ireme" up ov^nirhtTifh^rcreU plan^Tr'Tp"

. ^he State rifs-'lutts"e\soTaMe" wVLw

Commi^ion and t e .jj , -ourthouse space in commissioners to take positive action in studying the

home have been commented on in recent reports of problems may be solved.

the Pitt County Grand Jury.

In the case of the courthouse^ the Grand Jury noted that the building was in good condition, but pointed out that many offices are crowded and more space will have to be provided in the not too distant future if county affairs are to be handled efficiently.

In reports of January 13 and on March 27 the ^ The steady improvement of North Caro-linas

Grand Jury commented on conditions of the county education system in future years will be closely

home noting deficiencies both in the physical condition economic advancement of the state. It

of the,facility and the equipment provided for caring shouldnt surprise Taf Heels, therefore, that Gov. San-

for persons who live at the county home. appears to be following in the footsteps of his

The County Commissioners will not have to decide predecessor in making industry-hunting jaunts to other

parts of the country.

In the short period of time he has been chief executive of the state, Gov. Sanford has made several

tHeVL MOT BE F^KTIMG-

N Surprise In More Industrial Safaris

hloss- i raaing Talk Does Go On

By LYNN NISBET

HOSS-TRADING 'Long about this time of the year, as the old almaxiacs used to say,

, you may expect rumors of politl- cal boss-trading among legisla-** tors and <witside sponsors of pending legislation. Although often exaggerated, these rumors nearly always have some factual basis. It is axiomatic that all legislation is the result of compromise, of give and take. Far from being reprehensible, compromise iwhich is high brow for hoss-tradlng) is the very essence of democracy. Anything else is individual dictatorship.

Butthere is vital distinctin between compromise agree-ments and trades made openly after public discussion and the gmoke-filled room or backstreet deals made secretly. These kinds ei deals are not good for democracy*

tt is Inevitable that there should be a lot of trading with respect to re-districting, to election of Univweity trustees, and similar matters which involve personalities more than principle. Swapping votes on local bills is accepted practice, and com-Wnations of legislators with common problems against other groups with different common problemsrural against urban, big counties against little ones, commercial banks against small loan companiesare vehicles of self preservation for some of the participants. These openly made and generally understood comblnaUons come In the category of cooperation and organization. essential to business and to government.

There are times, too, when it Is proper for Democrats to stick together against Republicans, and vice versa, for the furtherance of their special policies.

PATRONAGE Another generally accepted philosophy is that to the victors belong the spoils. Translated into political IHiictlce that means the successful party or candidate in an election pays off supporters with salaried jobs. Admittedly' that practice Is sometimes carried to absurd extremes, but by and large it makes for good government. because it is essential for the administrative executive to have friendly cooperation from subordinates. Right or wrong, the practice is so deeply Imbed-ed in the scheme of things, protest against it is utterly futile.

The dividing line between the compromise agreements, the

swapping votes and the payoff patronage on the one hand and the under-table deals involving basis principles on the other, is often hard to distinguish. Furthermore, different people fix the dividing line at different points along the way, and what is accepted as prc^r by some is regarded as nefarious by others.

RUMORS-There are current rumors of deals* among legislators and between the legislative and the executive branches which are on the borderline of propriety. Whether or not these rumors have any basis in fact, they are hampering the legislative process.

There are three pretty well defined and recognized blocs in the General Assembly. One is the pro-administration group, those who can almost be voted ahead -of time as favoring the Sanford program. Then there is the anti-administration group, those regarded as against the program, not on principle but just because the adminLstratlon sponsors it. And for the first time in more than 30 years there is a formidable Republican bloc, which in the House might well hold the balance of power.

MINORiriESEach of these groups constitutes a relatively small minority of the total membership, and it is doubted that all of them combined represent a majority. That means more than half the legislators face every Lssue in open minds. Assuming that these open-minded people would 'have divergent viewselse they would not be open - minded and minority blocs have potential influence greater than numerical strength would Indicate.

There is evidence that each of these minority groups is being dtiigenty * courted by all the others. It is to the benefit of the State that none of the groups has sufficiently recognized or powerful leadership to . hold all \he members in line.

The administration forces demonstrated strength in the appropriations committee vote. The fact remains that those who voted for the amendment constitute only about one-fourth of the total voting strength of the General Assembly.

And neither of the big money committees has gotten down to the real task of considering the proposals, Rem by item. There is room for a lot of trading, and there remains uncertain, ty about the final vote.

trips in behalf of developing North Carolinas economy through attracting new industries. Now it has been announced that late in May he will lead a team of sme 30 state officials and businessmen on a visit to some five cities in the Ohio valley seeking to stimulate interest in locating new plants in North Carolina.

Although North Carolina has made considerable gy ALVLN TAYLOK progress in its economic development in the past decade, its par capita income still ranks far down the list compared with other states. And so long as North Carolinas per capita income remains far below that of other states, it must be expected that there will be ^

a differential between what North Carolina can spend toand Jury and

per pupil in its public schools and what other states i,g staunchly maintains that this snend. judicial

By enriching the program of its public schools, ^ considerable

the state will be producing more young people with Hg m^^g this point clear at greater capabilities to take their places in a vigorous the last councU meeting when economy. But unless the state, at the same time, ex-

pands its economy to afford adequate opportunities ^he library would be financed

for these young people, it will lose them to other with a $i court cost charge, the

states where economic opportunities appear brighter, G?ad ' w

Unless the state expands its economic resources, it which is used only a few

cannot expect to continue to improve the calibre of days per year.

public education offered its young people. mai aSiiw interjMtid

. North Carolina needs the kind of school improve- man Harvey interjected. leerv

ment program proposed by Gov. Sanford,^ and at the same time it mu.st continue the kind of vigorous program of economic progress that was a cornerstone of the Hodges administration.

STwUcste. liw.

Notes Found On A Cuf::

councilman.

cd on it too long.

The judge conceded

Judge Whedbee, incidentally made an interesting point as he presented plans for the law library.

"The law as such does not belong to the lawyers,^ he declared. It does not belong to the courts. It belongs to every citizen of this city, this county, this country.

He was explaining that the law library would be available to any citizen who wished to visit it to look up the law. For this pioTX)se an index will be provided, he said.

to the And heres the latest report

from our Fleming Hall correspondent.

She tells of a sign hanging on a door in this womens dormitory.

Flunk now. Avoid the Rush," it reads.

Oh, for the dormitory Hie.

Public

ittle Urgency

Other Editors Saying Realignment Of Politicians

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By JAMES MARLOW WASHINGTON (AP) President Kennedy has impressed the nation with his sense of action. But the people seem to be paying more attention to him as a person than to what hes saying as a president.

The New York Times and the Wall Street Journal last week checked with members of Congress returning from Easter vacation and reported they had found back home:

1. Kennedy is increasingly popular.

2. The people show little interest in his programs.

The result of No. 2 is an absence of pressure on Congress to do what the President wants. There are three ways to interpret this:

1. Kennedy, after his early grim and urgent warnings, has .shoveled out his programs with far too little explanation to the peoplesay in a TV talkto get broad public support.

2. Or. most Americans, except the unemployed, dont feel much urgency themselves because they are not hurting for money or comforts. Their inclination. without White House prodding. Is to rock along.

3. Or. his programs, except for medical care for the aged, are not the kind that stir up enthusiasm or controversy.

Kennedys programs, except for medical care, are rot even tlncpci with newness but are either routine, like his budget message, or extension.s of programs long in exLstence. like raising minimum pay or extending unemployment pay.

If most Americans are showing little interest in Kennedys proposalsbecause, under No. 2

above, they are comfortable and feel no urgencythen this is a constant American condition for some time,

A good example is the American reaction to the Soviet achievements In space.

This country was shocked in 1957 when the Soviet Union fired its first Sputnik into orbit. Briefly, there was Intensive soul-searching on why this country hadnt been first. Then the nation relaxed again.

Two years later it seemed hardly disturbed when the Russians hit the moon. Now again there has been some hand-wringing in Congress because the Soviets put the first man into space last week. But theres not much excitement.

There is one good explanation why Kennedy hasnt done more to get popular support for his programs, meaning public pressure on Congress. He has been an extremely busy president.

He has been firing proposals at Congress in a steady stream. Each requires a lot of his time for consultation, examination and preparation. In addition, he has had to spend a big part of efforts on foreign affairs.

The President, after 14 years In Congress, knows the ropes. He has been pulling all the traditional onesphoning individual members of Congress in behalf of his programs, talking with senators and representatives at the White Hoikse, sending his aides to the Capitol to put on heat.

But Congress has been in no rush to comply with his wishes. While he may get much In principle of * what he asked, the Individual programs he urged may come out only a shadow of what he propo:^.

(Rocky Mount Telegram)

The Republican party for the past decade has been undergoing some of the same problems that has beset the Democrats for generations. These problems pertain to the political philosophy and all the various shadings that such philosophy implies among the members of the party. At one time a definition of republicanism meant simply the advocacy of conservative politics and 'gpvemment.

No such simplicity is possible any longer. To give an example. Sen. Jacob Javits of New York and Sen. Barry Goldwater of Arizona are both members of the Republican party. Yet, Javits and Goldwater are poles apart in their thinking. Javits, by aU logic, should be a member of the Democratic party because he is admittedly libertti in outlook.

On the other hand. Goldwater can be depicted as the archtype of conservatism, a staunch supporter of old-school Republican philosophy, which Is exactly what he is and believes in. There arent as many Gold-waters in the GOP as there once were. Among the last notables was Robert Taft, known by all as Mr. Republican. Hence, the question naturally arises as to just what the Republicans stand for today since the party as a whole has shifted its political thinking to the left on a scale calculated to make the Tafts and Goldwatera pull their hair in exasperation.

To further complicate this picture, lets take a look at the Democrats. There have always been party members of the Hubert Humphrey-Averell Harri-man type. But there have also been the Southern representatives who, ironically, are not only the backbone of the Demo

cratic party but the group most unpopular in the hierarchy.

This unpopularity stems from reluctance on the part of most Southerners to go along with much of the soclal-welfare state schemes advocated by the more ardent Northern faction. A Democratic leader such as Jimmy Byrnes of South Carolina Is far more compatible with Goldwaters philosophy than, say, with that of Chester Bowles.

A Republican Goldwater and a Democratic Byrnes are similar to an amazing degree in that they staunchly believe in individual enterprise, state rights, freedom of industry to decide its own course, freedom against interference from federal government in almost all phases of American life, economy in government, responsible fiscal policy and the absence of bureaucratic supervision over schools, employment, politics, religion, social and medical fields.

A Javits-type Republican, by contrast, agrees more fully with the political thinking of the present administration. The liberal members of the GOP are more prone to support measures offered by Democrats than those of members of their own party. This would suggest, then, that a realignment is in order a general shifting of membership in the parties so that a more homogeneous construction would result withto the two parties.

It wont happen, of course except In isolated cases such as that which occurred when Wayne Morse went over to the Democrats. But it is an interesting thought. At least it would more clearly define the lines of opposition for the two great parties.

The sun disappeared from view over Greenville yesterday. But it wasnt rainclouds that obscured its bright rays. It was Pitt Countys valuable top soil that had filled the air.

This erosion of the soil takes place' every spring. Farmers break the land and before the new crops are sown and have a chance to take hold the spring winds carry a small portion of the soil away.

Yesterday was one of the worst days ever, however. The dust cut vision to near zero at times on the highways. But those who fussed most were the housewives who faced a mammoth dusting job today.

So goes the weather.

LaVeme Blackley, Miss Greenville for the coming year, charmed the Jaycees as she paid them a visit at the regular meeting last week.

She thanked the club members for a wonderful pageant.

My mother wanted me to enter the Durham pageant. she told the Jaycees. But I put her off. Im glad I did because I saw the Durham pageant and yours was much nicer

The Greenville Jaycees sponsor the Miss Greenville Pageant.

Opinions In Brief

The way civilization races' forward sometimes is frightening. To wit: A New York scientist is said to have discovered a way to produce square bubbles; a Chicago firm plans to manufacture a circular hot dog. Kansas City Star.

The trouble with many of us is that we would rather be ruined by praise than saved by criticism. Worcester (Mass.) Telegram,

If nobody knows the trouble youve seen, youre not talking to the right people,Lovington (111.) Reporter,

Theres one consolation In inflation the money you pay back isnt worth near as much as the money you borrowed. Salt Lake Tribune.

Tuesdityi April

2-Chino ;deo Is

Problem

By GEORGE E. SOKOLSKY Copyright. 1961, V King Feature Syndicate, Inc.

For some years the United NaUbHs^YOlded i aliarp sidit on the China question by maintaining a moratorium on its discussion. At the * beginning of each session, It was decided not to discuss the admission of Red China. At first the vote was sufficiently large to make it a fixed policy. In recent years, as the membership of the General Assembly of the United Nations Increased, the

those who favored debating the question and those who opposed it has been narrowing. The result Is that the notion of a two Chinas is taking on new . strength, despite the ww in -Laos. The fear is that the moratorium cannot be carried any longer.

The two Chinas idea,. is .. a British notion designed to assuage the feelings of Red China. It simply means both the RepuWic mosa) and Red China will be members of the United Nations. The first ment of this idea appeared in an a^cle by TA. Bisson, in an institute of Pacific Relations publication as far back as 1943. The question arises as to which of these two Chinas is to hold Chinas permanent seat on the Security Council Regarding this, no one ha* proposed a sound formula. The likelihood is that nobody has a solution. ,

Neither Taipch nor Peking likes the two Oilnas Idea, Each side regards it Chiang Kai-shek holds that hi* government retains its seat in the United Nations because of the sacrifices it made in war, because of legitimacy. Md bj^ cause obviously Red CJhina will be strengthened should It be granted a sat In the United Nations and would, because of this, make efforts to c<quer the whole of Southeast Asia. Nationalist China wonders why. now that Red CSilna is in an economically and morally weakened condition, the United States .. wants to bale it out of its troubles and give face to a regime that may topple. CJhiang Kai-shek wrote of this: The two Chinas talk in international circles today is the repetition of an old tune first played by American Communists. . .

The British are worried about Hongkong which the Red Chinese can take in a few hours unless the United States ftghU for it. Only the American fleet in Asiatic waters can save Hongkong for the British if the Communists decide to take the port, which is the last vestige of British strength in Southeast Asia, apart from Singapore. British trade in Hongkong and in Red Cjhina is not as satisfactory as it used to be. The British would like to act a* honest brokers between the United States and Red Chin* and earn the gratitude of each side. Ample gratitude from Red China might safeguard Hotig-kong.

If the United States permit the two Chinas idea to gain strength at a time when we are beating the drums, if nothing else, concerning Laos, we shall be regarded as hsrpocrites and tricksters and we shall lose face all over Asia. The contradictions in our position cannot be understood or accepted by any Asiatic. We would be* come the laughing stock of Asia, as we did when we were defeated by Chen Yi In Korea. Boasting is not victory. To an Oriental unless there is a total victor:^ there is a defeat. We cannot risk another defeat.

However, many of those who have an important voice in the formulati<m of the foreign policy of the Kennedy Adipinlstration believe in a two Chinas concept as aa easy and tricky way out of an unpleasant dilemma. They believe that Red China will not accept, such an Indignity and that therefore, the offer having been made and rejected by Red China, they arc not at fault.

There are two possibilities o< error:

1. Red China might fool them, accept the offer and throw th% United Nations into turmoil:

2. Other Asiatic nations would regard the offer as evidence of American weakness and this would Justify the adoption of an anti-Amrlcan attitude by nations which already feel that tM* country doe* not live up to it* promises. ^ ^

(Continued on page five)

A Source O Ceaseless Inflation

Strength For Today

By EARL L. DOUGLASS CLOSE AND NEIGHBORLY We often hear the expression that the world has become a neighborhood. The best time President Washington made in the few trips he undertook between Philadelphia and Mt. Vernon was six and one half days. Fifty or more years ago Nellie Blye went around the world in fixty days. Every ^newspaper today carries advertisements of airplane and jet service which will take us around the world so fast we almost meet ourselves coming back.

All these Inventions register marvelous progress. But they also pose a problem. When one hundred years ago the nations of the world were separated by vast distances and even the people in the United States and Canada lived far removed from one another, the social problems of that day were not only dif*

ferent from what we now experience, but were probably not so severe. A rocketJ^Tth a warhead launched today from Europe can reach the United States with devastating force very quickly. The smallest nation in the world could collect sufficient nuclear weapons to destroy the worlds largest capitals. , *

Apartment house dwelling, houses built close to one another, surging life in a community short on parking space these are modern problems of the most severe and annoying variety. They can all be and frequently are sources i trouble. Our very closeness to other nations may some day prove the chief danger which every nation on earth confronts.

It Is nice to be close and neighborlybut it can also be dangerous.

By ELMER ROESSNER

It may be in the best interest of the United States to enact a law prohibiting labor contracts providing for future wage increases.

Unless some such action is taken, the United States is doomed to cea.seless inflation and the day wUl come when your dollar will buy only a candy bar.

Most labor contracts being signed these days provide for futiure pay increases. A typical contract may provide for a $6 a week increase this year, $7 more In 1962 and $8 additional in 1963.

This sort of deal has a certain attractiveness to employers. They tend to regard it a.s a 121 Increase, spread over three years. It seems mild, choc*> late-covered. It gives a man ;Ume to think, to plan.

But its loaded with inflation, unemployment, or both.

HOW RISES ARE HANDLED

The immediate rise must be dealt with as best management can: by trimming costs, by push

ing sales, by laying off workers or by shaving profits. But the future rises give time for art-ful planning.

Suppose you, as an employer, faced such pay increases. Assuming you were not eager for bankruptcy, you would make plans to pay them.

If your entire Industry faced similar rises, your problem would be fairly simple. You would increase prices X per cent immediately. Y per cent*-next year and Z per cent in 1963. You would be confident that all-your competitors would have to Impose similar increases.

This would amount to almost inflation: prices would go up. wages would -go up. To counterbalance that, the purchasing oower of the dollar would go down. And if that isnt inflation, it will do to scare freshmen until something worse comes along.

THE AUTOMATION BIT

But suppose competitors are not subjected to simUar Increases. Or suppose that

competitive industries get better deals. Suppose the plastics industry gets a better break than the aluminum industry-

In those cases, the only escape is to increase automation, lay off people or both.

If you are turning out wooden nutmegs and your hourly labor costs are scheduled to rise, you face the fact that tree-grown nutmegs will be cheaper than yours. You can install automatic nutmeg lathes, you can lay off your slower nutmeg shapers. Or both. Or go Jwoke.

In any event, if you an raise prices, you must. And that contributes to inflation. Or you can reduce labor costs. And that contributes to unemployment.

It seems that future wage increases* are a threat to the dollar and a threat to employment. Under those circumstances. making such contracts Illegal might well benefit the national economy.

TAX HELP FOR DRINKERS-BUT NOT SMOKERS A new Arkansas law Imposes

new taxes on cigarette and alcoholic beverages. Excise taxes on smokes and beverages are deductible by the distributor, not the consumer, the Internal Revenue Service ha* ruled. But a special 3 per cent tax on alcoholic beverage* is deductible by the consumer. (Rev. Rul. 61-40.)

The reason is that the language of the law Imposes the first taxes on distributors; the second tax i* Imposed on consumers.

SHORT A SIGNIFICANT BUSINESS NEWS BITS

Pilter-tip cigarettes are gaining in Prance; last year 10 per cent of ciggies sold there were so tipped. . . .In America, stockbrokers can Incorporate, although most are partnerships. In neither case can they sell shares to the public. But foujp oi Japans biggest brokerage houses. are now offering shares of stock in themselves to the public. . .Australia shipped almost 2,000,000 pounds of frozen beer to the United States in March.

t