rMCE FOUR

(f wTHE ,0A(LY reflector. GREENVILLE, N. C

Wedneiday. March 29, 1961

Wednesday, March, 29, 1961

A Fire Under Him?

snialjer counties of the ^tate, for when it was ii ducea by the Pitt Senator, it carried the signature

Proposal Provides A JJeeded Check

The legislative proposal introduced by Sen.

Robert Lee Humber of Pitt to limit each county to not more than one Senate seat offers at least a partial folution to retaining a reasonable balance of legislative representation among the large and small counties of North Carolina.

Obviously the bill has support from many of the

jQwmakers Are Dedicated Body

9

By AURORA DOLLEY

(With explicit instructions from Bo&s Lynn Nisbet for a true confession* type of col; umn with the personal observa* ..tioas of a rooltie reporter covering her first legislature, here is the truth, the whole truthor aa much of the latter as space permits.)

OBSESSIONDuring the past two months, as I have watched the North Carolina General Assembly at work, covering ttte sessions, attending as many eommittee meetings as possible (observing several committees which meet at the same time in different buildings becomes a bit difficult and uhkind to shoe kather), and trying to keep pace with trends of thought among legislators, I have be-eome almost obsessed with the fact that so much of the lawmakers hard work here at the Capital City is neither known nor appreciatedor even berated toy their fellow Tar Heels.

Making the daily rounds of my beat, watching your Senators and Representatives closely. and observing ftri't-hand proof that the majority of them devote seemingly ceaseless time and effort in serving thase who have elected them and what they feel to be the best interests f their state. I feel sickened by much of the apathy doled nut k return by the general public True, many of lis rise to arms at the thought of any legislation touching the nerve leading to our pocketbooks. and then belt our lawmakers with loud criticism. However, the sad but true fact is that too often only war or taxes can arouse interest in legislation.

If any reporter could be graph-k enough to picture the behind-the-scene combination we witness. devotion to purpose and sweat of persistence; and if any newspaper had space enough to relay such stories, North Carolinians would surely discard achoolday not^ns that the legislative process is a chapter in a history book divorced from the average citizens future, consideration.

OBSERVATION, As I have watched the freshmen'* lawmakers hurl themselves into the machinery of the legislative mill, earnestly consult oldtlmes. laboriously study material new to them, spend long hours at their desks in the Capitol, and wade through shelves of research volumes. I could not help inwardly revolting at the sneering tone with which the label politician is often pasted on these statesmen.

Yes, I am even at odds with Webster's, which defines a politician as one addicted to poltica", and I am sure that the author of this sarcastic termin-elogy, like too many of us Tar Heels, surely must never have seen many of the older legislators who come to Raleigh from all points in North Carolina, veterans who no longer sprint from eommittee meeting to committee meeting in such a sprightly atep, but who. after a long days Work, may still paddle around in rain to continue their search for information to support a thankless theory.

Realizing full well that my accuracy may be interpreted by Doubting Thomases as maudlin aentiment, 1 cannot help but wrish that more people could be here with the reporter.^ to see the addicts whose voices are not always strong enough to resound clearly in the Halls .of the Senate and House, but whose

thoughts still travel widely over the state: men whose failing sight fails to stop their pouring over columns of figui'es they have compiled from investigation: experienced men whose experience has taught them that experience is but a foundation for more work; and. yes. even a few whose fingers may tremble from infirmity but whose minds continue to operate with smooth precision.

.THORNS Quirks in uman nature, more specifically in the legislators at hand, are a source of rirritation to a reporter with a job to do and never enough time to do It.

Try to get a random sampling of the lawmakers views on crucial le'gislation, for example, and you'll invariably run into? i 1 i the cagy individual, who coyly avoids giving his opinion If he has already reached a decision, he seems afraid to see It in print for fear it wont make everybody happy and hes right: <2' the undecided fellow who doesn't agree that even the fact he hasnt yet reached a final decision should Interest his home town fans, who could then let him know how they feel: (3> the ham, who* seldom approaches reporters with news of any significance, but seeks newshounds out to give the press a cheerful earful of himself his sterling toothpick engraved with his nickname, or a three-quarter inch scar he cot on his elbow when, at the tender age of ten, he fell down two steps.

But. to brighten any reporter's day are the majorfty of legislators. who cordially explain their current thinking, give tip. and prefer or seek neither credit nor personal recognition for what they consider dut.vseeing that the press receives information to relay to the people back home.

MISCONCEPTION - Visitors who watch a daily session of the General Assemblyand only a pitifully small proportion ever stay even for the entire meetingusually leave with the misconception that the flowery introduction of visitors, the flowing oratory on sometimes-incon-sequential topics, those hurnOr-ous and facetious comments on grave legislation, and the erstwhile confiLsion which may annoy. that all these things constitute the whole or major portion of the General Assemblys activity.

A novice, too. I was disappointed at first in the daily sessions, being ignorant of the total sig-,nificance of the initial days of getting acquainted, and I knew little of the importance of committee work, where each bill is twice given a thorough overhauling. sometimes mauling.

A reporter sees the research investigating each bill, and knows of the long hours spent working on measures which may rever crystallize, of the frustration dealt by defeat when a committee or a body of the legislature crushes proposed measures.

A reporter knows, too. of the hours necessarily spent In exchanging opinions, airing views, and formulating new ideasand he sees this being accomplished almast around the clock, In groups of Assemblymen gath-^ ered in hotel lobbies, on street corners, in the Capitol rotunda, and at breakfast, lunch, dinner, or coffee breaks.

And this reporter wishes the addiction of the legislators to politics were more contagious.

intro-signatu,res of

20 other members of the Senate. It reflects a feeling shared by many legislators that representation in both houses of the General Assembly should not come under the complete domination of the larger counties of the state.

The other proposal already introduced for redis-tricting senate representation would take a senator from three widely scattered sections of the state and give one additional senator each to Mecklenburg,

Forsyth and Guilford Counties. Thus these three largest counties of the state would have two Senate seats each in addition to the 12 House seats these three counties would have under the House reapportionment bill that already has been^ approved by the House.

Sen. Humbers proposal would require a constitu-^ iioiial amendment specifying that no county would have mor than one seat in the Senate. It is similar to a measure passed by the legislature in 195S. but rejected by the voters of the .state in 1954 when the proposed constitutional amendment was submitted in

a referendum.

f- .

The proposal has considerable merit and deFen es the careful consideration of members of the legislature and citizens of the state. While it may be termed by some a new approach to setting up Senate districts, perhaps more realisticly it provides the machinery whereby the tradition that no county has more than one seat in the Senate will be retained. It provides a needed check to assure that the 50 Senate seats will reflect reasonable representationarea wise as well as population wisefrom the counties of the state as a whole.

Jumped To Conclusion

Without All The Facts By PATRICIA MOORE

MeNu^ SyadiMta.

Gov. Sanford and his Director of Purchase and Contracts \^^iam White have indicated by their statements (^recent days that the fact the state received identical bids from firms on sugar, salt and bread is prima facia evidence of collusions and price-fixing by firms which sell such products to the state.

Not only have the governor and his Purchase and Contract Director made the charges, they have added in effect that there can be no doubt the charges ar^ true.

While we believe every effort should be made to put an,.end to any price-fixing that may be involved in state purchases, we question the wi.sdom of top state officials jumping to such a conclusion without a more thorough investigation than so far is apparent.

We seriously question the position taken by Gov. Sanford and Mr. White who appear to us to have set themselves up as accusers, prosecutors and jurors and have declared firms guilty of their charges without a trial.

As an attorney, Gov. Sanford probably would sqriifusiy object to one of his clients being subjected to such treatment by a make-shift kangaroo court. As governor of North Carolina he has the obligation to see that the states interests are protected. He likewise has the obligation to see that his administration does not engage in fanatic witch-hunting, leveling blanket indictments and pronouncements of guilt against various business groups without affording the accused their day in court.

It appears to us that the governor and his Director of Purchase and Contract jumped too hastily to their conclusions. Particularly it appears that way when their assertions that price fixing has taken place came .several days before the states Attorney General yesterday announced his office, together with the State Bureau of Inv^tigation, will make an investigation to determine whether there Has been price-fixing agreements among bidders on state contracts.

One Stops Shor Of Major War

Demote Links To Easter

Mention of the Easter season brings thoughts on such subjects as Easter eggs and Easter Island, in addition to the everpresent Easter itself and the Easter parade iof fashion).

Easter Island has no direct relationship to the term Easter, but nevertheless is linked in name at least.

But, of course, Easter eggs are very much related to the Easter season. In origin they are more related to the religious aspect than generally realized.

The old definition of Easter eggs described them as eggs boiled hard and stained red or some other color to symbolize the Saviours resurrection. In some cases, eggs were even gilded in the effort.

The custom of Easter eggs exists in this country without a religious emphasis. In some other countries, Easter eggs or egg shaped structures made of card or sugar, have been used

as a means of sending presents to friends. This Is customary to some extent in Prance and in England.

The practice seems to be of pre-Christian origin, somehow related originally with the New Year, when that was reckoned from the vernal equinox.

As for Easter Island, it is a Bali Hai of the Pacific Ocean. The island is small, about 45 miles in area, and located some, 2,0(X) miles west of Chile (and is a possession of Chili).

The mysterious and romantic attraction about Easter Island is the strange existence of numerous stone monuments, which appear to be man-made in some past time. Figures resemble human and animal figures.

Myths exist as to how the stone monuments got there, who put them on that lonely, small island out in the Pacific, whether It was some forgotten tribe of

Other Editors Saying'.., Forward-Looking Bills-

Ike Daily Reflector

INCORPORATED

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By JAMES MARLOW

WASHINGTON <AP) The cool wind blowing toward the hot Laotian jungles the Russians are talking peace will be in line with an international habit if peace really comes.

In every major U S.-Communist crisis since World War II, ..when one side got tough and the other got tough or tougher, one of them stopped short of that next step which would have meant world war.

It happened in Greece and Turkey, with Berlin, with Korea, wiih Hungary, with Lebanon and with Formosa.

President Kennedy, fed up with the Increasingly succe.ssful efforts of the Soviet - backed rebels in Laos to take over the country, called on Russig to back down and arrange a ceasefire.

Monday Soviet Foreign Minister Andrei Gromyko, contrary to his unsmiling custom, came away smiling from a talk with Kennedy and said the Rus.sians wanted a cease fire, too, and an international conference on Laos.

He left out a key factor; When? The longer the Russians stall on a cease fire, the more time the Reds have for taking over more of Laos. But Gromyko seemed to be saying hold your horses to the President.

Kennedy has managed to convey the idea to the Russians that he wont wait indefinitely for a cease fire before taking action.

The Russians tried their luck ,ln Laos and did pretty well gince the rebels now hold a good ftniiik of the country but apparently in the face of Kennedy's detefminatlon dont want to pu.sigitheli luck tod hard.

After World Wa^' II Stalin put the heat on Greece and Turkey. Then President Truman stepped in. proclaimed the so-caned Traman Doctrine, promised aid to the two countries, and Russia backed off.

Tire next test came in 1948

f

when Stalin tried to 'grab off Berlin by stoppmg all Western supplies for it. Truman had a choice: Let the city go or send in supplies.

He sent in supplies with the famous airlift. He took a chance. If the Russians had started shooting down the planes, there would have been war. But the Russians didnt. They gave up the blockade.

Korea was next in 1950 when the Red-backed North Koreans tried 'for the whole country. Again Truman stepped in. But when Gen. Douglas MacArthur got too close to the Red Chinese frontier, the Chinese moved in.

There was one way to stop them: Use atomic bombs against China, but that almost certainly would have brought Russia into the war. Truman stopped short this time.

The result; A stalemate and a still-divided Korea.

Next the revolt in Iraq and feai' by President Eisenhower the Reds would take over Lebanon. He sent troops into Lebanon and while the Russians growled, they did nothing.

On top of this, Hungary a Russian satellite revolted. The rebels were away out in front until the Russians moved in and slaughtered them. If the United States had intervened, it would have meant war with Russia.

Elsenhower didnt Intervene, even though Secretary of State John Foster Dulles had talked sternly for years about liberation for the satellites.

Fiver .s|nre Korea, the Red Chinese ~ claiming the Nalion-ali.st Chine.se stronghold of Formosa have threatened or shelled it. Chiang Kai-shek, the Anieiican all:L, tied to Formosa after the ConimuistS drove'him from the mainland.

But always Eisenhower backed Chiang. sent in plane.s and ship.s to guard''Formosa. Always tti^^Red (^hiese have stopped short of getting Into a fight with this country.

(Washington Daily News)

Stale Representatives John Umstead and Waylaud Spruill have introduced a bill into the General assembly in the effort to do something abouf^the nasty business of holding mentally deranged persons in jail pending thcii- admittance into a mental institution.

If this bill is passed, two doctors unrelated to the patient, can sign an affidavit signifying that the person needs mental care in an institution, and that person must be admitted immediately.

The bill is certainly a forward-looking piece of legislation. It is long overdue. There ts just one drawback to it. Regardless of how nasty it might seem to imprison a mentally deranged person, the fact remains that all too often mental institutions are running over to the brim and there just is not enough space to take care of those needing to go

North Carolina must "take a long and sincere look at this matter of care of mental patients. These people have no lobbies, have no one except their own families asking for help, have no direct influence, and thus they, in a real sense, are at the mercy of the state.

We have seen mental patients placed in jail until some dLsposi-tion could be made of them. JaiLs are for criminals, and a mental patient Ls not classified as a criminal particularly if no crime ha.s been committed.

These mental patients deserve all the humane consideration thus or any other state can give them. They are at the mercy

of the world in a real sense, and except for the terrific love of their own families, who is there to help these unfortunate people except the state.

No man in North Carolina has fought the battle for the mentally deficient people with more vigor and dedication than Mr. Umstead. He deserves tremendous credit for his fight. He will never get it from those for whom he has done so much because they are not mentally capable of ^ expressing their thanks. But ' the others of us in North Carolina know what both he and Mr. Spruill have done in this regard. And while this is not a two-man battle, it is one which has been waged by few persons for the benefit of many.

We do not know how much chance this bill has of passing. Offhand, wed say that most legislators will readily favor It because it is a problem which needs humane attention now. While there will be no lobbyists favoring the bill, there will also be none opposing it.

This bill merely cuts through some red tape which heretofore has caused many patients to have to spend a night or two in jail. If it passes the legislature, and it should pass, then in the future mental patients can be on their way to an institution and treatment within a matter of a few hours after the case is diagnosed.

We must keep our jails for thase who are charged with , criminal offenses. And we must not allow, in this decent society, persons mentally deranged to be placed In the same category as criminals.

people or cast-offs.

At any rate they are there. By the fact of association of ideas, the Easter season is as pood a time an any to wonder about Easier Island and to tell its story.

Strength For To(day.

By EARL L. DOUGLASS WATCH THAT CIVILIZATION

In 1787 Gibbon completed his famous work, The Decline and Fall of The Roman Empire,

This work has become famous largely because of the analysis which Gibbon made as to why the fall of Rome took place. He attributed it? to five causes: 1. The rapid increase of divorce,-the undermining of the dignity and sanctity of the home, which IS the basi of human society. 2. Higher and higher taxes and the spending of public monies for free bread, and circuses for ihe populace. 3. The mad erase for pleasure: sports becoming every year more exciting and more brutal. 4. The building of gigantic armaments when the real enemy was within the decadence of the people. 5. The decay^. of religionfaith fading into mere form, losing touch wjjji life and becoming impotent to warn and guide the people.

Within the past half-century an Italian historian, named Ferrero, has written a book called Ancient Rome and Modern America, He shows how strikingly our civilization resembles the ancient civilization of Rome.

Let us not think that our marvelous civilization is either foolproof or inviolate. The same things can topple us over which toppled over the glories of past ages. We may at this very hour be cherishing forces within our social, economic, political, and spiritual life which may wreck us as surely- as mistakes and wrongdoing wrecked Rome almost fifteen hundred years ago.

ODinions

''n Brief

Well say one thing for

the Internal Revenue Service. It doesn't try to soothe the pain of those tax installments by calling them easy payments. Changing Times.

In answer to an examination question, the little girl wrote: The Armistice was signed Nov. 11, 1918, and since then we have had two minutes of peace every year. Memphis Press-Sciml-tar.

Solid 3asi& In Laos

By GEORGE E, SOKOLSKY

The question might be asked why me President chooses to make his stand at Laos ' against Communist aggression, rather than in the Congo or Cuba. The answer is that while Cuba would be easier, a demarche on that country would Involve us in difficulties with the Organization of American States at this time; a military support of one faction or another In the Congo might lead to a breakdown of relations with other new African nations most of which ar^ undecided as to whose money to take.

Laos, however, is a cleSijjcut legalistic position, based on our support of SEATO to which we are bound by Treaty. The South East Asian Treaty Organization was formed by the United States. In accordance with the agreements reached i^t the Manila and Bangkok Conferences in 19.">4 and 1955, the freedom of Cambodia. Laos and South Vietnam was guaranteed by SEATO. The Conferences were attended by Britain, the United States. Australia. New Zealand, the Philippines, Pakistan, Thailand and France.

Here then is a positive commitment. The fact that Russia agreed to the general settlement of the Indo-China question docs not matter as much as that at Manila and Bangkok, the United States made a pledge and undertook a responsibility.

The South East Asian Defense Treaty was agreed to in September 1954 at Manila in the Philippines. Article 4 Section b of this treaty declares:

(b) If in the opinion of any of the parties the inviolability or the integrity of the territory or the sovereignty or political independence of any party in the treaty area or of any other State or territory te which the provisions of paragraph (a) of this Article from time to time apply is threatened In any way otber-fhan by armed attack, or Is affected or threatened by any fact or situation which might endanger the peace of the area, the parties shall consult immediately in order to agree on the measures which should be taken for the common defence

There can be no question but tht this clause takes us directly into the Laos situation. Geography determines that.

A protocol added to the Treaty spells out our responsibilities in connection with Laos:

. . .The parties to the South treaty unanimously designate for the purposes of Article 4 of the treaty the States of Cambodia and Laos and the free territory under the jurisdiction of the State of trietnam.

Further, the Pacific Charter was formulated. 'This Charter stated In Its fourth article:

. . as decreed in the South East Asia collective defence treaty, they are determined to prevent or counter by appropriate means any attempt in the treaty area to subvert freedom or to destroy their sovereignty or territorial integrity.

Thus here is a clear case, wherea.s in the Congo, from a legalistic standpoint, we can only act on behalf of the Unit-el Nations and therefore could be involved .in the absurd strategy of t^e Korean War which was fought without a military objective against an enemy which was given a sanctuary that our troops could not enter. In a word, under the United Nations, defeat Is assured.

If our stand were taken in Cuba, which it will have to be ultimately, the United States might risk an antagonistic majority in the General Assembly of the United Nations and in the Organization of American States.

It does not really matter what we make our stand as long as we makJe one. Since 1945, the United States has pursued a jiolicy of attempting to talk a war out of existence. During the whole of this long period. Soviet Russia and Red China have made enormous gains in Asia, Africa and Latin America. The United States has made progress nowhej-e. It has been a weak policy, frightfully costly in the wealth of this nation and sapping the vital energy of the American people. The so-called Cold War has been a continuous war by other means than shot and shell.

President Kennedy Ires rnade.-the first real stand against the* enemy in this Cold War since the Berlin Airlift. In this posture, he has the support of both Republicans and Democrats in the Congress. This means that he ts supported by the entire American people, except those who are voluntary servants of Soviet policy.

Communication Via GroDevine

By ELMER ROESSNER Despite the increase in intercoms, house organs, loud-speaker systems, company bulletins and supervisor-to-e.mployers Systems. the grapevine is still an important factor in employee communication.

Every announcement put out by management is competing with the old mouth-to-ear news system. Sometimes it W'lns: sometimes it loses;

Management experts agree that no executive can dusniusS the grapevine as a tangle of washroom ch*t. The grapevine has always existed, before any plant or office began operation: it continues to funcMoii despite the most thorough and most modern means of communication between management and workers, and Its a Rood guess it will continu into the age of automation. Robots in completely automated factories will

wliisper to one another,- You don't know where you heard it, but now you know that management ts cutting the cutting oil and our work will be harder." MANY RELY ON GRAPEVINE Some interesting facts have been added to the grapevine function by Eugene Walton in the current issue of the Ameri-xan Management Associations Personnel Walton is a management analyst fbr communications.

He reported on a study In wliich a random sample of employees WM asked through What channel they expected to heat-about an Important change in operations Answers in percentages were:

Grapevine .... 38

Supervisor

Official memo ... 17 House organ .... 7

Other ..... 11 In answer to another question,

22 percent said the grapevine was right less than half the time, 50 per cent said it was right half the time, and 28 per cent said it was more often right than wrong.

However t. when queftioned about rcent announcements, those who said they gM their first information from official bulletins out - numbered thos who said they had their first information off the vine. COMPETITION FOR ATTENTION

Walton concluded that management must recognize the fact that the grapevine is a potent contender for attention when hot information was to be released, and that its speed must be recognized.

The company that wants tp be .sure its employees get all the factg and get them straight had best see to it that its formal communications channels are at

all times geared for action before the grapevine can beat them to the punch. (Walton, with a major in poliUcal science, has a minor in metaphor mixing^)

He added; Once a story li officially out. the likelihood of Its being garbled or twisted hy grapevine gossip would seem to diminish as time goes on. -

THE FIRST THUMP

IN COMPETITIVE BATTLE Tiie fight between suppliers of nylon and rayon cords for tnea is getting to the abuse stage. An adverttienrent by TYrex fer its rayon tire cord in the current Issue of the NADA Magazine shows a woman car owner and a mechanic suffering from quadniple vibrations. The mechanic appears lo' be saying, Its not your wht'cl^alignment, Miss it must be the NYLON THUMP.