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' - PAGE FOUR

THE daily WLECTOB, taUtENVILLEi Hr C.

Thunday, March 16, 1961

Thursday, March 16, 1961

Nice Rhino, Nice Rhino!

A Greater VoiGe For The Farmers

President Kennedys proposal for delegating of course, that the various agricultural interests of the broad powers to the administration to develop a new nation would have to^conie to agreemeat on what farm program represents a sharp departure from the broad programs would be of benefit to specific groups

-r

methods followed under the Eisenhower administration.

Upholds promise of a broad farm program more in keeping with what the farmers want, but at the same time it offers the prospect of a more cumbersome method of determining administration farm policies than has been the case.

of commodities as well as to agriculture as a whole. Points upon which agreement could not be reached probably would be left to the administration for final decision, and even then Congress probably would have the authority to alter specific points included in the overall prograni.

The new approach to the nations farm program

The role of Congress iji the past has been to write offered by the administration, m our opinion, would the farm program after recommendations have been result in a more realistic^ farm program provided the made by the administration. As we understand the niechanics of its operation do not prove too cumber-new proposal, the role of Congress would be to ap- some to be effective. It would place a greater burden prove or disapprove by majority vote the farm pro- on the diverse agricultural interests across the coun-,, gram offered by the administr^ition following its come to a meeting of the minds on o^oad pro

establishment of what the farmers themselves prefer, irrams. In the past there have been sharp differences On the surface, at least, it v\ould appear that of opmions withm .a^icultural groups on the question under the new proposal ^farmers would have a greater of fixed price supports and sliding price supports, on direct vote in shaping the agricultural program adopt- question of tight production controls and no pro-

cd by the federal government. It should be realized, duction controls as well as on a wide range of other

image Of G8cD Boarc.

By LYNN NISBET -C&DGovernor Sanford has abandoned the idea of divorcing the commerce-industry and two or three other divisions from the big Department of Conser-raiion and Development and creating a new department. He

counties, used for offices, hospitals. colleges and other public service purposes.

Until a few years ago the State paid no taxes on any property. In 1957 a bill was enacted providing that the State agenclea and departments owning or bav-

is seeking to achieve the same^i^ii administrative authority ov-

questions concerning agricultural programs. Various programs have been written for various categories of crops and almost without exception the result has been a divided opinion even among farmers as to whether the program was good or bad.

We trust that the administration and Congress will recognize the fact that various phases of the agricultural economy differ just as various phases of the industrial economy. Problems faced by the tobacco grower may differ from those of the wheat grower just as problems of the automobile manufacturer differ from those of the communications industry.

These differences must be taken into consideration in any broad new approach to writing a farm program to meet the problems of the many phases of agriculture.

objective by increasing the mem-bershiji of the C&D board from its present 18 lo 28. This approach is sort of like the legal g:immick of alimony without divorce.

The Sanford program contmplalas that no member of the board will serve on more than one major division committee, and .that no committee should have more than five members. The heavy emphasis places on industrial development during the past few years and the concept there seemed to be that industry meant factories to manufacture goods only, and did not include forestry, travel and other economic assets) led to conflict of time and interest among

board members In fact more than half the board membership was on the commerce-

industry committee, which left little time for attention to other phases of activity.

A board of 28 members will be the biggest in the State setup, except the 100 trustees of the Consolidated University. Acting as a full board on all issue.s it might be unwieldy. Tlie breakdowii uito small committees with concentration of intere.st on specific problems and then composite

thinking on ihe whole program may prove highly advantageous. It is well known Uiat the General Assembly and the University trustees work mostly through relatively small committees.

The larger board may to some degree depreciate the honor of being appointed on it, and will reduce the value of the vote of each board member. On the other hand, the .small specialized committees will accord each member much greater influence in the areas in which his Interest is keenest.

TIMBERLAND TAX Inquiries have come from several states about the North Carolina policy on taxing government wned real estate. The general . rule is that no government collects taxes from another government. There are a few exceptions. mo.st of them in the class of service fees rather than actual tax. In that category comes the gallonage tax paid on gasoline used by counties and municipalities, and that paid by other'State departments Into ttie highway fund.

No city or county pays tax to the other on real estate used for public purposes, and neither pays state taxes on purchases Other than gasoline. The State -"does not pay advalorem taxes on realty situated in cities and

er timberlands should pay to counties in which the timber, pulpwood or other products, in lieu of taxes. This Is th# policy long followed by the National Forest, TVA and other federal agencies.

There is a proviso in the 1957 act which permits State agencies to accept listing of the timberlands at regular assessed value and pay the regular local tax rate, instead of the 10 per cent of receipts. The valuation applies only to the timberlands and timber, not to fire towers or other buildings situated on the land and commonly regarded as real estate. Further, the 10 per cent in lieu payment is not collected on sales to other State or government units.

CHOICE - The Wdlife Resources Commission and the Department of Conservation and Development are the principal State owners of productive timberlands. The Wdlife folks chose to pay the 10 per cent of gross sales, while CAiD exercised the option to have the land assessed and pay the regular tax rate. Several factors contributed to the different approaches. Perhaps the principal one is that Wildlife operates upon its own receipts, which vary from time to time, and its planning often calls Tor quick decision as to use to be made of property. C&D operates almost entirely on legislative appropriations, with relative insignificant revenue from .fees and other sources.

Control of large acreages is vested in the State Board of Education and there are some timber sales from this land. For most part, however, it is marsh and swamp, marginal or submarginal, with very little tax value.

TAX EXEMPT Property owned by non-state educational, religious and eleemosynary institutions and used by them for those purposes is not taxes. For many yeaiw no church or educational property was subject to advalorem taxes. The unfair competition of church - owned apartment house, and business budings with taxpaying property, even though the revenue Is used for charitable purposes. Is taxed.

One of the big problems of Raleigh and other cities where there is heavy concentration of government buUdings Is that of street paving and maintenance, fire and police protection and garbage disposal. Numerous efforts to get the State, and Federal governments to pay for these facilities like other users have aed.

Now Competiiig For A Big, Retired Warship

Roots

'h The

?ast

The port cities of Morehead City and Wilmington, which have found themselves in competitive positions at times over the operation and expansion of the states ports, now are in competition as prospective sites for locating the Battleship North Carolina.

At the outset of discussion of the possibility of the states obtaining this battleship retired by the navy, there seemed to be the preconceived ideaat least among some groupsthat the ship would automatically be-located at Wilmington. To some extent, perhaps, that idea still prevails.

By DON SCHLIENZ

. More Fun

Fha AnybodY

SOMETHING EVERY FATHBR with young offspring knows: despite harrassments of life around the house, said fathers probably have more fun than anybody.

Wether its a matter of coloring pictures, piecing together a Jigsaw puzzle, assembling a model airplane, flying a kite, watching TV you name it

1 11 i ^ , -j The kids may enjoy the past-

. More logically, it seems to us, careful considera- time, but their dads thrive on

tion should be given to the possibilities offered by both it. prospective sites. Wilmington is a larger city, and represents focal point for the resort area which runs along the lower North Carolina and upper South Carolina coast. The Morehead City area, however, has in recent years also become a major resort center on the North Carolina coast and continues to develop at a rapid pace.

Being the site of a deepwater port, Morehead City woulcj. have no trouble providing adequate facilities for the battleship than would Wilmington. The fact that Fort Macon State Park is located just across the Sound from Morehead City suggests that the battleship moored there would afford a two-fold attraction not only for out-of-state tourists, but ipr North Carolinians as well. There is also the further consideration that Morehlad City is located near the center of the states coastline, while Wilmington is near the southern extreme of the states coastline.

These and many other factors that commendi

A lot of parental pleasure comes from re-living those half-forgotteti' thnlls of the distant past; and for some it represents a case of filling in an experience missed in their own childhood. Take kite-flying, for example.

This is the season for kites and I can testify there is a lot of kites being flown and a lot of fathers hogging the show. Trees in our neighborhood bear mute evidence of kites that have come to grief; and its a

fact that most of the kites become airborne in the late afternoon when fathers of small boys get home from earning a living.

Misadventures of one kind or another have cost the writer a thousand feet of twine, to say nothing of the sticks and paper at the extreme end. Small wonder the inclination to salvage bits of string found scattered "hither and yon over the neighborhood.

My sense of humor no longer gets a kick from the well-worn cartoonists gag of Pop playing with a new electric train and Junior sulking in the comer. Its no longer funny. Im looking forward to it.

This subject (taxes) infringes on editorial grounds: but there are observations to be made. . . . .and this is a good place for them.

In all my years as a resident of North Carolina I have never heard a subject emanating from Raleigh which has caused so much discussion on the local level.

Theres a fine dividing line between what is called editorializing and columnizing. To avoid the former, Ive made a practice of writing on topics editorialists wouldnt touch with a ten-foot quill.

Other Editors Saying The UFE Program

The question of how best to raise revenues to meet costs of Governor Sanfords education goals has reached everybody. If the Governor had planned it that way, he couldnt have done better than to suggest an across-the-board sales tax (especially mentioning food and medicines).

He has the people talking and thinking; which is a good thing.

Yon11 hear them talking on street comers, in barber shops, in soda fountains, in offices, in living rooms and kitchens.

If there are those who question the use to which the money would be put, they have not yet been heard. Rather, the citizens debate is on how best to get that money.

(Washington Daily News)

History has shown instances

Morehead City as the possible location fOr the Battle- where' legislators wUl vote in

ship North Carolina should not be overlooked by those whose responsibility it is to determine the best possible location for this new Tar Heel attraction.

jQtin America Must Stir" Sel::

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By J.\MES MARLOW

WASHINGTON (AP) - President Kennedy got hemisphere attention with the 10-point program he laid down this week for Latin America. But there wasnt much new in tt. Re had aaid most of it Before, and then ome.

During the presidential canT-palfivlast Oct. 18 at Tampa he iXMposed a 12-polnt program. But this latest one got maximum ataglng. He unveiled it during a White House reception for 250 Latin American diplomats.

They were generous In their praise for what he said. But back home officials of their governments were much more restrained. Some expressed disappointment.

It sounded big, the way Kennedy unfolded his program. But the unanswered question Is: How really big Is it? It isnt a Marshall plan like the one under which this country poured bU-Uons Into Europe to get it on Its feet after the war.

Theres a difference. The mll-lioos of Euiope were both educated and skilljed and needed money to get their Industries ro^ Ing again. In Latin America mUllons lack education and kills, too.

With them its a problem of I trying to bring them abreast of the 20th century. Kennedy didnt

gut a price tag on his proposals, [a told the Latin Americans in affect that theyll have to help themselves to get help from us.

But he put it much more gently than that. -As for immediate money he asked Congress to let him spend $500 million in Latin America for projects like education, health, housing, better use of land.

President Eisenhower. a.sked Cui)gre.<is for the same atiioiint and for the same put poaes (on-res* approved ttie spending but aver actually -aated the money.. Now Kennedy has aslted

Congre-ss to take that next and final step.

He acknowledged In Tampa last year $.500 million Is far from fnouRh to meet Latin American needs. I

He said then nearly all our economic aid to Latin Americawhich has been getting only about 5 per cent of our total foreign aidhas been in the form of loans to buy American exports.

He said Latin American would pay more in interest that year (19(iO) to the Export - Import Bank than the entire l-SfX) mUlion which Eisenhower asked from Congress.

Most of what Kennedy suggested this week was vague and generalized. But the heart of it was obvious enough.

He suggested long range aid over 10 years, based on cooperative,' long-range planning by the Latin Americans.

Perhaps, although Kennedy denied any such intention, this 10-polnt, 10 - year program. If it is to get moving, wUI mean the United States must get deeply involved in the internal affairs of its southern neighbors.

For Instance: One of the deep-e.st causes of unrest among the Latin American masses, and one which gives communism a big talking point, is the economic monopoly of the rich on land and resources.

A cougrMsional report last month, made by House members after a trip through Latin America, said oiy; major obstacle to progress there is that 50 per cent of all land is owned by per cent of the landholders.

Kennedy called for both tax and land reform If the needs of most Latin Americans are to be met. There was a hint in what he said that unless a Latin-Amer-lean country Institutes reforms, it cant expect help.

Also last month two senators Wayne Mor.se, D-Ore., and Bniu ke Hickenlooper, R-Iowa made a report of thetr own on Latin America, They said: llalli) Americas upper cla.s.se.s 'miust recognize they cau no longer ^rp^iii^aln *,thelr .^traditional elite! Aocleiy aJiS tooMinla lodn^ poly.

If the upper classes seek "blindly and stubbornly to retain all their privileged statiw they will almost surely lose (Continued on Page 7)

favor of every appropriation and against every proposal to finance the appropriation.

History has also shown us that many people favor some measure strongly, but they will not help vote taxes to support the measure they approve.

Efforts are-now being made In Beaufort county to get endorsements for the program of the United Forces for Education. As of this writing', three organizations have made such endorsements. They are the North Carolina Education associations local unit, the Grange, and the Farm Bureau.

Within the near future efforts will be made to get civic clubs and other groups to make such endorsements.

The program of the United Forces for Education is an ambitious one. Perhaps the basic plank in this program concerns the minimum for teachers of $3.-600 for beginners and $5,600 for teachers with 11 years of experience. The other planks include such programs as increased funds for school plant operation, five days of sick leave for pro-professional personnel, In-conrse courses, for teachers, clerical assistance for schools, increased funds for handicapped children, and other features.

It is safe to say that some people will endorse a proposal without really knowing fully what the proposals There is no substitute for knowledge, and to endorse a proposal without having full knowleiige of what is being endorsed is not the correct and wise procedure, we feel.

An endorsement based on knowledge is fine. If after care

ful study and thought, one endorses the UFE program, then the fight for the future can be made with better equipment at hand.

There are some factors in the UFE program with which we disagree. We do not feel that starting salaries for teachers ought to be $3,600 per year. We much prefer to pay teachers to remain in the field rather than to pay them to get in the field. And vmder the UFE program we' are putting the main emphasis, we feel, on getting teachers into the field 'rather than keeping them there. We have always disliked the idea of telling any teacher with 11 years of experience you have reached your limit. And today in North Carolina that is exactly what we are telling them.

To our way of thinking we much prefer a lower starting salary and a higher top salary for those with experience than the present UFE program envisages.

We urge all our people to learn all the facts about the UFE program that it is possible to learn. After thorough study and consideration, then minds should be made up. But the fact that somebody gets up and offers a resolution of endorsement should not mean automatic concurrence.

Our youth is our most precious asset. This program Is one which needs study. The people must pay the taxes for any educational program. If we endorse on the " one hand and then are unwilling on the other to pay the necessary taxes, what has been accomplished?

Any endorsement should also carry a wUlingnesa to pay the price.

No matter what kind of revenue-raising plan is finally put into operation theres bound to be objectors.

But if were going .to buy the product quabty* education it has to be paid for. Nobody believes in SanU Claus any more.

Quote...

It is good that legLslators start thinking for a change about what taxes they favor, rather than what taxes they oppose. There is reason to believe that the Governor was driven to a food tax because of a powerful opposition to a tobacco levy. Now that the food tax is in trouble, let the legislators start thinking of all the alternatives. Charlotte Observer.

By GEORGE E. SOKOLSKY .

Copyright, 1961, King Features . Syndicate, Inc.

EverydaiF something comes in here that is interesting, exciting. dull or hateful. An InteresU ing letter came from Sam Engler to remind me of the Educational Alliance, a Settlement House on the lower East Side of New York which produced, over the years, a galaxy of valuable citizens, many of w'hom. such as Eddie Cantor and David Sarnoff, have become household names.

As I look over the list of youngsters of my time who found their careers and personalities In the Educational Alliance, there stnds Sir Jacob Epstein, the great British sculptor. Sir Jacob was an East Side boy who came to the Alliance to diaw and sculpt. These . were poor boys all of them and our parents were immigrants from Eastern Eui'ope which was as disturbed then as it Is now. '

In the muck and truck that was the East Side of New York, which mothered gangs and mobs, there stood this building where anyone who wanted to expand his personality and give vent to his talent had an opportunity.

There are youngsters these days who talk about the^ breaks. None of us had any breaks. None of us had any economi(5 security " or expected ever to have. We had our choice as children to play on the sidewalks, to join gangs, to steal and burgle Or to go to some such place as the Educational Alliance and do something useful and exciting.

One thinks, for instance, of Eddie Cantor as an actor. I never do or can. I think of Eddie Cantor as a person who devoted his life to good works. We were kids and the Summer was hot. We had never seen grass except in a city park and although we knew what mUk is, we had never seen a cow. Some of us were asked if we cared to go to the country for two weeks. There were no charges but the expenses were high, as had to buy a toothbrush and toothpaste and bathing trunks. This all costs money and it took some negotiating to get the dollar or two that was required for expenses because none of us had dollars.

Whenever I hear these days of the underprivileged who get free mk and free orange juice and perhaps a hot meal at school, I wonder how anyone can be underprivileged who gets so much. For us. there was a joy in the discovery of new worlds and the camp up on Surprise Lake was something never to be forgotten. We slept in tents and ate on a pavion and had to do the chores, but at night we sat around a camp fire, singing songs. And perhaps we were a-little afraid of the darkness and the quiet and the hoot-owl, because we were accustomed to city noises.

It was this camp that had the most profound influence on my life and I know what it did for Eddie, a tubercular little boy who slept in a cellar. It made of him a phanthropist because Eddies work has been to keep this camp growing and expanding. Eddie has never forgotten the day we took a train up to Cold Spring far from the East Side and we saw our first snake and caught our first cat-fish.

Everyday we lived intensely and everyday we discovered something ..new over at the Alliance. Frnstance, one day, a man dressed in white came to see us. We.were told that he was famous. He amused us and we laughed. We had given a performance of a play he had written, The Prince and the Pauper. We were told that his name was Mark Twain and so we came close to the hem of authentic greatness.

'There Is so much to tell of (Continued from page 7)

Strength For Today

By EARL L. DOUGLASS THREE PREPOSITIONS

Someone once defined prepositions as little words with big meanings. Today I am concerned with three prepositions on, for, and "by.

Most of us have enough to live on. And if we do not. we are fortunate to be in a country where it is so comparatively easy for any ambitious person to get enough to live on. But whether we. have enough or would like more, what we live on is something that most of us do not need to be reminded about. We are probably already at least as concerned as we should be about it. if not more so.

Most of us have something to

live for. Again, we are happy to live In a part of the world which can boast so much worth living for. Goals are an important part of mens lives, and the man who really has nothing to live for might as well stop bothering about what he has to live on, for truly, he Is hardly living at all.

Sometimes we forget about what we are to live by. Without the right principles to livo by, we will never achieve anything worth iliving ^ for. The standards we live by make all the difference as to whether our life is a blessing or a curse to those around us. To justify what we live on and what we live for. we must never live by anything but the very best.

Approval, Given Price - Fixing

' ... .... .... ..........

By ElMCR R0ES8NER

The United States Qovemmcnt has kicked several big-shot executives of General Electric, Westinghouse and other electrical companies into the kllnk, and has fined 29 manufacturers of electrical goods almost $2 billion.

They fixed prices.

At the .same time, big - shot execullve.s of American ahd for-eigo sillines were meeting in Paris with the ble.s.sing.s of the United Slates Uvverninent pn InternaUauaL air-freight Thf piilrpbse: U_

To fix prices." ' '

GRIM CONTRAST Furthermore, under the pres; rnt setup of International airline businciw, American companies and foreign airlines

ing down in the United States would fix the price of a leare almost compelled to join erator would Jump out of closets

price-fixing agreements. The few" to scare little glrls^

who have refused - such as Ice- BUSINESS MORALITY

landic Airlinesfind themselves at certain disadvantages.

If an executive fixes prices for pop-up toasters, or circuit break

ers. he belongs behind bars. But

m

if he fixes prices for alr-freigt across the Atlantic, he belong.s in front of the bar, such a.^ the one at the Hotel Crlllon in Paris, where airline executive* were meeting friends. rat. yihen, JJur electronics execu-, ^ UmWCTB rirtencod

durance, there was in epidemic

The question of basic business morality was scrutlnlzadc If business could not rest^iii itself from fixing prices, nei it not be born again? Labor jumped In with union-made boot.s. If crooked union leadepR got a v^ar In jail, why should lawless electric company executives get off with 30 days?

And all this indignation overlooked the fact that the United States 4kBvernm^Iff'had |ft\i&n Its blessing to one of the biggest

T

of bleeding hearts around the price-fixing arrangements in his-

country. Editorial writers la- / tory. With both Administration

mented the decline of business [ and Congres.s cpnsent, American

morality. Some of us got the airline'executives were sitj.ing

impression that peoplt who * down in Paris fixing air-frCight

rates.

They were membera of the International Air Transport Association. which also fixes prices again with the U. S. Governments consent on transatlantic passenger service.

Because of this price-fixing, you pay considerably more for having freight flown from Paris to New York than you would pay to have it flown from New York to San Francisco. And because of this price-fixing, you pay half as much again to fly over water as to fly qvcr good ok jJ.S;A, land*. ^

Pcrhapa 4iuf tPP wectric executives, on regaflnng treedohl.

ought to get out of the hazardous electric .biislne>as and get into

aviation.Where the government encourages price deals.

j