PAGE POUKIHE DAILY REFLECTOR. GREENVILLE; N. C

WedneidayT March 15, 1561

Wednesday, March 15, 1961

End Of Winter?

Seeking The. Most Equitable Plan

It is not surprising that bills calling for special taxes on soft" drinks cigarettes and other tobacco products already, have hit the legislative hopper in

Kaleigh. And neither will it be surprising if individ- cost involved.

sales tax on food and medicines, they appar^ntly'have found little sentiment for scrapping the school improvement program of Gov. Sanford in spite of the

uai legislators offer still more bills to tap new sources of revenue for the state.

Although Gov. Sanford passed overea number of possible sources of revenue in his tax proposals, he made it plain at the time of his presentation to the legislatureand since that timethat the sources he proposed were not the only ones from which revenues might be secured to underwrite the school improvement he seeks. The governor likewise eglearly asserted that the final decision, both for securing the revenues .and designating their spending, rests with the legislature.

The legislators are now beginning their work of

At the moment at least, the problem for the* -legislators appears to be one of finding the needed revenue. There appears to be little question about the need of the proposed expenditures for public educa- tion.

Certainly the legislators are expected to consider carefully all the possible sources of revenue in providing for the state's needs. Since the ultimate decision lies with them, they should hot be bound in their considerations by the recommendations from the governor. At the same time, neither should they disregard the \ recommendations for revenue sources made by the governor after careful consideration.

Their job is to come up with the most practical

Sanford Stress On Quality

dctei-mming, where Ux mon^s "'> and. most equitable method of tSFovlding tho-stdte with

support the estimated $iO million school enl-ichment j eeds to carry out its services to the

program Gov. Sanford has proposed. It * 'It . pj^pig only-in education but in other fields as

we think, that while legislators have rep re ell. They will not find any new source of revenue

preciable amount of objection to the propose .o oppo.sed by some people. They are not like

ly to find any single source of revenue which will provide the estimated $83 million that will be needed during the coming biennium. The end result almost certainly wilLbavc to be a combination of levies that will coliectively produce the needed revenue.

It is essential to the welfare of the state a.s a whole, both now and in future years year.s, that the legislature come up with a combination which will be on the broadest possible base, providing equitable distribution of the tax load over the people of the state, and a formula -which will provide increasing revenues in future years as the needs of the state increase.

Difficult To Adjust To Reapportionment

House passage of the bill to reapportion its representation on the basis of the 1960 census leaves little doubt that the Senate will ratify the same measure.

Only some unforeseen and highly improbable development when the Senate considers the House measure could result^in any change in the bill passed

By LYNN NISBET

6TfALTTYMost of the time ef Governor Sanfords news onference was taken up with discussion of what constitutes *QuaJlty oducation. The question was casuallj dropped by one f ths younaer reporters

The Governor confe.- i that a brief deflation wo e hard to phrase, but sam he was thinkmg of the kind of cduca-tM>n that enables a child to develop fully all the talents he has. That is reminiscent of Ay-eock's famous call for the equal right of every child to bourgeon out all there is in him.*' Sanford roes one step further: the equality of opportunity he talks about must put emphasis on quality rather than on equal.

The discussion embraced pro-eesses In classrooms and play-rrounds. type of curricula desired. utilizaon of facilies and methods of financing. The Governor conceded he would like to see less emphasis on life adjustment and more on training the mind. He indicated lack of enthusiasm for longer school terms and for .studies by outside experts until better use is made of exlsling facilities and time and of our native ingenuity for improvement. He challenged North Carolinians to face up to the problems, rather than continue passing the buck.

When i some of the reporters sought to draw him out on spe-c al organizational matters, such rs more or less control for cer-t'in agencies and officials, he skmfuUy sidestepped by saying the overall problem is too ser-lr.\s to have attention diverted to inconsequentials. All groups f'.iould work together toward the main goal, before quarreling about authority or credit.

MONEY He reiterated the statement that money will not solve all the problems, but more money is necessary to make a good start toward solution. When reminded of news- , paper and other comment that - he proposed the sales tax exemption route to get the money without real expectation of its acceptance, but as trading point to obtain funds for other sources, the Governor quipped: Ive

been accused of devious appro-ebee many times, but all I can do la drive straight to what I want. I jut aint smart enough to do anything else." (Some of the reporters observed.sotto voce that that wa.s the understate- ent of the year.)

While the Governor was. talking with newsmen, legislators were filtering back to the captol from their weekend visits home, with all sorts oAJeports about popular reaction to the food-medicine tax proposals. Unquestionably there is deeprooted ' pposltion to applying the sales tax to basic, foods and medicine. Sentiment has not yet sufficiently crystalized to deter

mine whether the tax wrill be * accepted if it develops that no other'source will provide money for what the people (not necessarily Governor Sanford) regard as an adequate public school system.

MINIMUM WAGE Frank Crane, commissioner of labor, does not expect to crusade for an increase in the present State minimum wage of 75 cents per/ hour. He does expect to try to get the coverage of that minimum extended to some 23,000 employees.

The present law applies only to firms employing six or more persons. Crane will try to make the act apply to firms employing three or more. That will add some 25,(WO workers to the presently covered 55,(W0.

CX)MPLIANCECrane is highly commendatory of the way employers throughout the state have cooperated in the wage and -hour laws. North Carolina was the first State in the Union to contract with the Federal government for administration of the Federal wage-hour law by a State agency. The plan worked so well that several other states have assumed similar responsibility. The Federal act has been in effect for a number of years.

The State minimum wage act became effective January 1, 1960. There has not been a single Instance where any employer had to be prosecuted for violation. One cas is pending in the courts, but it has to do more with judicial determination of liability rather than criminal violation.

Of course there have been numerous Instances, said Crane, where our folks had to explain to employers that their practices were contrary to law. Very few of these cases indicated any deliberate or intentional viola tion, and adjustments were readily made when the employers understood the situation.

OPPOSITIONThere will be vigorous opposition to the plan for extending coverage of the existing 75 cent minimum wage to the three employee level, and perhaps addition of some occupations not now covered. Also, there almost certainly will be bills introduced to Increase the minimum to' $1 per n&urand they will meet strong opposition.

Representatives of labor unions apparently prefer the higher rate over the extended coverage. It will strengthen their position with the big labor organizations if they can 'raise the rate. Many students of the total problem feel that extending coverage of the present limit to 23.000 additional workers will add more to the economy of North Carolina than increasing the rate for presently covered employees.

-r."T ~ mil I I '

By ALVIN TAYLOR '

We Do Not Stand Alone

So you live in Greenville, do you? Well you might think that only 23,0(K) other people cart

last night by the House. It means that Pitt, Johnston, make that statement. But the Cabarrus, and Buncombe Counties will lose one repre- wency'^h"'proven

otherwise.

So far, they have found 26 other Greenvilles ^ scattered throughout the United States and, as a result of their work, they have installed a map in

sentative each in the House beginning with the 1963 session, and that Alamance, Mecklenburg, Cumberland and Onslow will gan one soat each in the House.

When the 1963 General Assembly convenes in 196.3based on the reapportionment l)ill passed by

the Houseit will mark the first time in 127 years that the front window of the office

indicating

Pitt County has not held two seats in the states House of Representatives. ItVill mark a similar milestone for Johnston County, another of the largest counties in the ast.

It may be difficult for Pitt to adjust to its new situation with respect to representation in the legisla- the research in finding Green-ture, but until its rate of growth moves to a better viUe, N. c.s sister cities, relative position with that of other counties of the state, there appears little likelihood that it can hope to regain a second seat in the House.

with pins and flags the various locations.

Tom Webb, proprietor of the firm, gives most of the credit to his two office workers. Martha Gartman and Sarah Jenkins. It was they who did

Once the various towns were found, the planners bought a jigsaw type of map of the United

States with each of the states a separate piece. Then they typed the name and population of each Greenville on a paper flag and stuck it in its proper place on the cortect state.

The biggest problem? Rhode Island by far. This tiny state just wouldnt support the big pin. It kept falling over. So the girls finally stuck it down. This same problem developed with other sitiall states.

We were disappointed that there were not more Greenvilles in the west where there are nice, big states, Webb quipped.

The girls, incidentally, found around 20 Greenvilles in researching the project on - highway maps and in atlases. With these In mind they installed the map in the show window.

But, Webb says, folks

kept

Nixons Future :Not Yet Clear

Other Editors Saying i^crced To Comply

poking their heads in the door and pointing out that other Greenvilles were located in other states.

The girls checked out the various Greenvilles with the PostOffice and one-by-one the list grew until there were 27.

The largest of the group in population, incidentally, is Greenville, South Carolina, Greenville, Mississippi is second and our own Greenville, N. C. comes third in the population derby.

The window display was erected Feb. 23 and will remain in place awhile longer, Webb says, until the girls get another crazy idea.

.

Webb admits his researchers fudged a little on one GreenviUe, That is the one in Tennessee where they actually spell it Greene ville. _

The group has yet to locate exactly some of the smaller

baadors Earl E.T. Smith. Ar-hRving Greenvilles and, noh unKort wiii tn

House

Frobe

GrouD

By GEORGE E. SOKOtSKY Copyright. 1961, King Features Syndicate, Inc.

Since its organization, 23 ^ears ago, the House Committee on UnAmerican Activities has been opposed and attacked. It would be untrue to say that this op^ position came exclusively from Communists and their friends. Many persons who believe that the term, civil rights, as Incor-porated in the Asnerican Consti-tultlon, permits a person to hold views, to preserve privacy, to fight off the pressures of conformity, also oppose this committee. They Include among those who possess these rights Communists, socialists, anar-chists but not Fascists which j seems inexplicable because if , civil rights arc justifiable for one set of subversives, why not for all subverAives?

On the other hand, the supporters of the House Committee on UnAmerican Activities have generally held the view that the Communist Party menaces lib-erty in the United States and requires constant examination and investigation with a vtew toward

extirpktion.

HUAC is older than the Senate Internal Security Subcomipittee. Both conunittces engage in the same general operation. Their effectiveness, even, from the standpoint of their; own programs, is uneven.^ Sometimes one committee, sometimes the other Is more effective, more competent, better publicized in its activities or more violently attacked.

The House Committee, under the chairmanship of Martin Dies, set the standard for the measurement of Communist affiliations, namely guilt by associations. that is. the relationships among persons to prove a common objective.- The Senate Committee, under Senator Joseph McCarthy, attempted a deeper probe, namely, to discover a pattern of subversion and espionage. If one looks at the reports of both committees, they represent a vast survey of Communist efforts in the United States.

The House Committee in recent years has been delving into the ideology and methodology of Marxist activities and has been issuing studies, some of which are quite valuable in an understanding of the problem. The Senate Committee has within the past few months been making a study of the relationship of William A. Wieland and the State Department to the development of the Castro Revolution in Cuba. Its sessions have been Executive and the testimony has not been made available to the public, but enough is knowTi of what they have done to establish a conflict in testimony among Wieland and Am-

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By JAMES MARLOW

WASHINGTON .(AP)*^ The only thing clear about Richard M. Nixons political future is that it Isnt clear 'at all, even to* him.

The former vice president made a statement to Republicans which has been Interpreted as meaning he wont run for governor In California in 1%2.

There is one simple rule for deciding when a politician will not run for office. Thats when he says; I will not be a candidate under any circumstances.

Nixons'didnt go that far In telling California Republicaas he will not be Democratic Gov. Edmund G. Browns opponent in 1962.

What he said was: I am not a candidate. I have no intention^ to be a candidate or institute aj draft, f

Having no intention no]W and being persuaded later to run are not the same thing. And,\ while he said he would not start a move to draft him, he didnt say he would turn down a draft If someone else started It.

And he was even less precise about his ideas on running for the presidency a'gain in 1964 or 1968, and understandably so-

The New York Times reported he told confidants he had no plans at present to run for the White House again.

But he conceded, the Times said, that his making a second try was not beyond the realm of possibility.

There is a simple interpretation for this: Right now hes not sure of his prospects in 1964, so he's not sticking his neck out.

Its questionable that he will be in a position to. do any picking or choosing In 1964P for he may. be in the poUtiQal diecard by then.

He Indicated in Califrnia he may take an active leadership role in the party. As the I960 defeated presidential candidate he is the so-called titular head of the party anyway. That could and may become an empty title.

-Whea he spoke of his leader-.ship he qualified it by saying hed lead only to the extent that fellow members of my party may desire me to do so. Already theres some question

(Rocky Mount Telegram)

Opposition to the Hose-passed surplus-grains bill is drawn from a sound and reasonable premise; the bill is little more than a subtle effort at compulsion, a gimmick to force compliance on ' the part of farmers. It has also been called insulting to the farmers. For this reason the Senate may prove to be a major road-block in the progress of this bill toward legislative approval.

. However, the Senate did offer a compromise, approving an emergency one-year feed grain control prograrn after rejecting

about how welcome his leader- , the~Kennedy proposal which in-.

ship is..

Sen. Barry Gold water of Arl--zona, most vigorous spokesman for the Republicans extreme right wing, apparently isnt willing to let Nixon call the shots just because hes supposed to be the leader.

He said if Nixon wants to be a power in the party he should run for something, Goldwater added: Until he gets elected to some position, hes just going to be a Republican lawyer.

If Gov. Nelson A. Rockefeller of New York is re-elected next year he will be in a much better ^position to win the presidential nomination in 1964.

So. before Nixon has had time to look around, hes been told in effect: Anything you get, youll have to fight for.

Rockefeller, Nixons only real rival in 1%0, will, if re-elected governor of New York next year, be i a prime spot to grab for the big prize in 1964.

In one election after another, with only a couple of exceptions In the past two decades, voters have rflected the Republicans conservatism.

^ Judging from this past experience the Democrats figure to win again in 1962 and 1964 unless the Kennedy administration turns out dismally or unless the Republicans get more progres-iv.

eluded a compliance clause. The House included this clause when it pstsed the bill last Thursday. But Sen. Allen EUen-der said he would prefer no bill at all than accept a provision which would make Secretary of Agriculture Or\1lle Freeman a virtual czar of the grain markets. . L

The chief point of controversy between the two houses is a provision that would give Freeman authority to sell government cwned surplus gr,|ips,^at less than support and market prices. Such sales would depress prices and encourage farmers to comply with the program, which is designed to reduce feed grain production this year because of huge surpluses.

The programas presented by the administrationwould offer higher supports at $1.20 per bushel for corn and payments to farmers who reduce grain acreage In line with the program. Those who did not cut back would be left to the mercy of prices which the secretary of agriculture could ..depress by

dumping surplus grain on the market.

The Senate, in passing a version of the program last Friday, did not carry this sale authority becaus.e many senators felt such authority would give the secretary too much power over markets. They are right. Anticipating trouble and. delay, administration officials are drafting a. compromise plan that avoids the controversial sale authority for the secretary.

One plan under consideration would retain the present $1.06 a bushel support for com. All growers would be eligible for the support, but farmers who cut back acreages in line with the program would get government payments sufficient to bring their return on corn up to the $1'.20 originally proposed.

In other words, the support would be supplemented by a 14-cent payment. The theory of this plan is that retention of the present price support rate would keep non-complying farmers from benefiting from price boosting effects that would flow from the $1.20 rate. Hence, there would be more incentive to go along with the program, get the $1.06 pport rate plus the 14-cent support payment and the additional payment on the retired land.

Under this plan there would be no need for the secretary to have authority to sell government grain to depres* prices of the non-cooperating farmers. Whoever cooked up the original scheme either had no sympathy f(H* the farmers and his sense of freedom, or knew very little about farm problems and economics in general.

where known, locations;

the approximate

Alabama, 45 miles southwest of Montgomery: California, south of Lake Alanos; Delaware; Florida, 40 miles east of Tallahassee: Georgia, between Columbus and Newman; Illinois, 40 miles east northeast of St. Louis; Indiana, 15 miles northwest of Louisville: Iowa; Kentucky, between Nashville and Evansville: Maine, south of

Moosehead Lake; Michigan. 43 miles northeast of Grand Rapids; Mississippi, 43 miles south of Vicksburg; Missouri, . S. 67, 110 miles from St. Louis; New Hampshire, 25 miles west of Nashua; New Jersey, three miles from Lakewood; New York, 40 miles southwest of Albany: North Carolina (this one many readers are standing on); Ohio, west of Columbus; Pennsylvania, 40 miles south of Lake Erie; Rhode Island, nine miles west northwest of Providence: South Carolina, east of Spartanburg! Tennessee, north of Asheville; Texas, 51 miles northeast of Dallas; Utah; Virginia; West Virginia; Wisconsin.

If you want to see this map, Willard and Webb is located at 120 East Fifth St.

Quote...

In the pa.st decade North Clgirollha has increased teacher salaries by a smaller percentage than any other state in the union. Is It any wonder that North Carolinas is losing some of Its best qualified teachers to other states?Selma Johnstonian.

thur Gardner and Robert Hill to justify an assumption that when open sessions are held, either the testimony will be changed or one of these witnesses must be held for perjury. The object of holding hearings in Executive session is to avoid giving publicity to events and personal deviations which may be rumor, not facts. In the Executive sessions a man can set his record straight without publicity, but if he lies, his peril is that he will be called in ope-isession and may be establBhed as a perjurer.

Representative James Roosevelt has been leading the fight against HUAC, dmanding its abolition. Thus far,he has not been successful. Representative John V. Lindsay of New York, a Republican, favors the absorption of the duties of the House Commiteee 6ri UnAmerican Activities by the House Judiciary Committee, a body that had generally been antagonistic to its work and that is bogged down with numerous other activities, including the preparation of legislation dealing with the criminal code. Representative Lindsay, in effect, would really abolish HUAC the same as Jimifty CONTINUED UNO WHO Roosevelt; would except that he WQuld..(|(r lt by an organizational gimmick instead of outright.

At one time, in the Roosevelt Administration, an attempt was made to abolish HUAC and to destroy its files. This move was fought off and the files have remained intact. However, as most of the material in the files has been published, the destruction of the data now would be meaningless and no one presently advocates that.

There is little question but (Continued on page five!

that

Schools Offer A Lusty. ]V;

Rt ELMER R0E88NER In shorti there wUl be mor<

Strength For Today

By EARL L. DOUGLASS DLSINTERESTED VIRTUE Some time ago a man gave up his business for several montlw and postponed his marriage In order to give blood to a child suffering from leukemia.

The papers recently carried the acimuiit of a man who stood outside a burning builduig and caught in his arms a child whom a frantic parent tossed out the window. Then when the reporters gathered about to Interview the IlTiaiUrhr-waa-neU-to-Htte let'w-He Had 'done a'good work and had slunk off, apparently not wanting to be embairassed by praise.

Jesus spoke about not letting the right hand know what the left had done^ Of all the .iins

stricture was against those who paraded their virtues. The publican who beat his breast and asked God to be merciful to him a sinner was jiustlfied; the Pharisee who thanked God that he was not AS other men. went out of the temple anything but justified.

We are told that on the last great day those who will receive the greatest praise will be those whose virtue was. uncoascious:

Regardless of what Congress does about Federal aid to schools, the schools of America will provide a lusty market for a long line of industrie?.

Many large companies are expanding, to get into the school-supply industries. Wise investors are buying stocks of textbook, playground materials and other companies already selling schools.

There are three major reasons why the school market will grow and grow;

1. The race with Communism makes it imperative to give .students longer arid better edu-

catioius.

fcultle.s are

They helped their fellows and

~^weee- -4HrwTetjf "tha^-ftirt- 4hat- ahd _

p tiituig other rri^nandiuT^TIerrTgCTtie^^

than mere duty. To Jesus there puplLs ana aiiidem^. irgafdTi^

many moreschools and students, and many larger and more elaborate educaticmal plants.' Costs of an Eastern school rose $24,0(X) because authorities decided to add an inlaid marble panel in the facade. This caused only a ripple of protests and most of the protests were from parei^ts of pupili in other schools. Why couldnt their kids have marble inlay on the front of thtlr schools?

^Btiee-HgU estimates that by 1964-65. total public and private school enrollment will be around 54.000,(XX). Thats an in-crea.se of nearly 17 per cent over todays figures. There wHl

1970.

MANY INDU.STRIES PARTICIPATING

The number of industries benefiting from educational expenditure? Is almost incredible. In addition to the marble tile industry, there is the entire construction industry and the derivative industries. New schools require steel, brick, plaster, lumber, tiling, plumbing, roads, swimming pools, landscaping and almost every other construc-

eras, Chemicals, filing systenis, mechanical brains and, for advanced students, autos and

planes to take apart and put back together.

LUNCH ON THE HOUSE Then theres food. The American school system is one of the largest food markets in the world, requiring perhaps a

larger tonnage per day than the Sheraton Hotel chain or the U-S. Navy.

In the U. S., as in Red China, tion and building material. . the trend Is toward feeding Thats only the begmning. New .children in school. Some of it is

schools need a vast amount of given Dee, some sold, but aU

furnishiius, and the old cast-iron ana wood desk is passing. There are adjustable desks of IM aluminum, sciafttifto

was only one kind of virtue dLsinterestcd vli:tu#% Virtue with a .string to it, goodness by designthese things Jmus abhorcd, nnd his .-'true follbwers have

them ever since.

am: of costa.

3. .The high number of births are going to keep schools chock-full of boys and girls for a long fimc.^ '

MORE AND'BETTER

JStatea in 1880.

The Chicago Federal Reserve Bank estimates that college expenditures, now about $3 billion a year, will top $9 billion by

and a hundred other thing.**, some of which are being invented today.

Then there arc books, millions of them, tape recorders, cara-

of it is paid for. From kindergarten to college, this eat - in market la enormous.

any well-tnwnaged ould be coastautly

tbls. amazing school market. The volume Is great and the growth will be greater and more certain .than alipost any other large market in the country,