{.

PAGE FOURTHE DAILY REFLECTOR. GREENVILLE, N. C

Wednesday, March 1, 1961

WdnMday, March 1, 1961

Before I Ask For A Raise

New Thinking On Outdated Policy

Our inter^t is whited by reports (labeled idis-tortoni** and at the sdine time ^ security leak) of

sive retaliation policy to be stretched out until such time as our army, navy and air"arm could be built up

a proposal said made by Sec. of State Deaii, Rusk on tb handle their new role.

a ihift in .S. policy. * Actually, our massive retaliation policy has be-

In brief,Jt entails a resenin^r of bigr missiles and come outdated with the rise of Russian nuclear power, atomic bombers for use as a deterrent to nuclear black- It is no longer a club to be hejd over a potential ene-mail; and a buildup of conventional military forces' to my's head because that same^club is threatening us. meet dangers of brushfire wars. *A more detailed sum- There is no advantage involved because the United mation was carried in Tuesdays Reflector. States is bound to suffer terribly if w should be

It represents a departure from policies established forced to make good on that massive retaliation policy, soon after the end of World War II; but more than At best, we have a standoff between the two powers, that, the proposition opens one door to avoiding use But if and when somebody knocks the chip off the of the so-called ultimate weapons. In short, it offers others shoulder there is no alternative but mutual a way out for the world worried by powers of vast destruction.

destruction restrained by a fragile leash. The Rusk (?) proposal offers an alternative.

Assuming a new reliance on conventional military ^ costly one. It has this aura of economy : there

apparatus initially would leave this country at a great A long-feared nuclear holocaust

disadvantage. The Soviet Union has not allowed its unless the enemy started to use such \yeapons or the' strength in conventional arms and forces to lapse their attack reached such massive proportions

while seeking nuclear parity with the United States. could not otherwise be handled.

Nevertheless, we envision a changeover from the mas-

All Waiting For' Sanforc.

By LYNN NISBET

DIVERTED So far as action on appropmtions and tax hnu is cofK^ed. attention this week has been diverted from the elected members of the General Assembly to the third and fourth branches of legislative sction^ tbe lobbyists and the newsmen.

Everybody is waiting for Gov-_emor Sanfords budget message sefaeduled for next Monday night. March S. Pending delivery of that message the big money committees have suspended operations. Lobbyists have not. nor have the reporters who are seeking to do accurate speculation on what the Governor will recommend as total amount of new taxes and where the money will be found-

The newsmen have nothing at take except their reputation as rood prophets. So they are having a field day with speculative forecasts. The lobbyists ior special interest have a big* rer stake in the situation and all of them are building up advance resistance to any suggestion for additional taxes on their >ecial interests.

The fact that there will be orgaaixed opposition to a special tax on tobacco products, and aoft drinks, and extension of the ' sales tax to some currently exempt items, causes most newsmen to predict that major part of the new tax money wl come from an Increase in the general sales tax levy from the present 3 per cent to perhaps 4 per cent because the only group which does not have a pecially employed lobby is the rank and file of average citizen taxpayers-

'There will be a lot of talk, hut not much legislative action on any of these matters until after the Governor's address next Monday night. Then the lid will be taken off and the real fight will sUrt.

BUMS Economists ' and fiscal xperts have many cri-. terla opon which to base estimates and forescasts of business eoBdltlons. There is one time which the high-brow specialists Ignore, but whicb Impresses legislators on their weekend Crips k> and from home. That is the Increasing number of bums along the highways and streets, thumbing rides or asking for a quarter to. get something to eat

That is an infallible algn of hard times and scarce pockt money. One legislator who lives about 100 miles from Raleigh aid that on his latest trip home he saw at least a d<eD men trying to thumb a ride. That was mors than tis bad asen oo that same route in all of tlM flv sessions he has attended the General Assem^ily.

Your reixirter can testify that he has been accosted more often in the past month by able-hodisd men asking for money

to buy food than in all of three or four year before. Some of these folks really look like they were hungry; many of them appeared to be working the Job of begging as easier than a Job which paid wages.

CONTAGIOUSThe economic situation may not be really as bad as the numerical appearance of these bums might indicate. The hand out philosophy is contagious. It is easy for a fellow who has seen two or three others collect a meal ticket or passage in a car to try the same course, even though bis need may be much less desperate.

Experiences of motorists with roadside bummers has been such that fewer of them stop to pick up passengers. Regulations re-Oently imposed on travelers along the New York Thruway forbid motorists to pick up thumbera, and anyone who does is subject to a fine of $250. There is no statutory law in North Carolina prohibiting picking up thumbers. but all government agencies warn against the practice. STORM DAMAGEOften the

At present our stated policy is a prime reliance t>n nuclear weapons against aggressors.

There is now a glimmering hope for the world to assign its nufclear armaments the same ^general status of non-use that poison gas attained in World War II and Korea. Neither side was willing to risk it.

Of course, State Department authorities are not conceding Secretary Rusk has made such proposals; though theres quite a flap about tryir|r to find out who leaked his secret memo to the Secretary of Defense.

It does represent a new line of thought, a new approach, a new solution to a perennial problem involving military programming and foreign affairs and national security.

For that we are thankful. Inhere have been too many changes in the world picture during the past sixteen years to afford the luxury of more -stand-patism.

Might Also Tighten Up Present Parole Rules

By PATRICIA MOORE

Sixth Graders Paoer

A pint-sized paper (compared to our bigger papers!) has Just

If North Carolina is to seriously consider eliminat- _____

ing capital punishment in its penal codes, it must also been published and* released* to seriously consider more strength in controls so far as its

Dresent nolicv of Darolpi Agnes PuUilove School, under the

present policy oi paroles. guidance of teacher Mrs. Jack

Although Gov. Sanford asserted this week he will rinf.ilhl nl* abolishing capita! punish-

ment at the present time, his assertion that the trend to a stranger, it provides a

is away from it and it ought to be away from it will reflection of the work, phiioso-

most serious damage done by add support to efforts to eliminate capital punishment feelings of that particu-

wlnd storms is missed In pre- Knt^h rornlino . ______

preliminary appraisals. T. B. Upchurch. big landowner and farmer in Hoke and neighboring counties. was talking about it the other day. Damage to houses is obvious, and sometimes exaggerated on first appraisal. Washouts on highways and bridges also can be evaluated with fair degree of accuracy. Damage done to field crops by rains and wind is harder to identify, and the often very heavy loss in destruction of trees in the forests Is not even considered in the early total estimates.

Mrs, Stella Anderson of Ashe county supported the Upchurch idea with concrete illustration of effects of Saturdays blow in that mountain county. There was substantial damage to buildings and utility installations, but she estimated far greatw loss due to broken trees. One time easy to overlook is the time lost by farmers seeking to round up ttieir scattered cattle. Pences were destroyed and c*)ttle stampeded. But unlike the stories of the Old West these cattle are not branded and while every farmer knows a few individuals in his herd, it is difficult to distinguish among several hundred white-faces when they get mixed up.

Mrs. Anderson publishes several weekly newspapers, including those at Sparta and West Jefferson. She went out in the storm and got some pictures Including one of a tree smashing her own automobile and a telephone booih fronLAcrosf the street heading right into r camera.

Back to the opening sentence of this article. Storm damage to trees, which cannot compete with a blown-up house for dramatics, often is more serious.

An excerpt by Linda Phillips: We have two student dent teachers One is Miss Biggs And she likes to Jig.

One is Miss Dunn And she likes to eat buns. They both are so sweet We cant help but weep Because they are leaving

the last of the week.

If you wonder why we picked that selectionwell tell. It shows creative efforts of the writer as well as ability to make rhymes, which doesnt come to all grown-ups too easily. It tells news in that we know about'the two student teachers, and it provides variety from "straight news.

The paper contains a wealth of news stories, poems and Jokes and little editorials by the students of the clas.s'. Every one of them helped in the effort. One of their biggest achievements was the crossword puzzle on page four.

They are also interested in school affairs, urging Uieir parents to attend Parent-Teacher

Association meetings.

in North Carolina.

We seriously qi|estion the governors statement that capitl punishment has not done much to deter capital crimes in North Carolina. Certainly we have too many capital crimes committed in the state now; but is there any sound reason to conclude that we would not have more if capital punishment were eliminated?

If capital punishment is not a deterrent to capital crimes in the state, it is most likely because the of-

fender feels he has a good chance of escaping the most v-yLlid LjVJ.1Lv^1 o kJvJ.y 1111^ . , p

severe penalty. Under present policies, if he gets sl

life sentence he is usually eligible for parole in a re- VVn^tlTin

iatively few years under present policies. If capital M.OLllv^_

punishment'is eliminated and the parole policies are ,R,k, mchhii Telegram)

not altered considerably, the average offender would One of the most abused con-

be fairly sure of serving a relatively short time and American industrial life

then being allowed to return to society ^ ^oVoiLrt

in the interest of the welfare of the state, North it is absolutely absurd to attempt Carolina can ill afford to consider abolishing capital to draw a line arbitrarily through punishment unless at the same time it also considers ^ person's yearssuch as the a more realistic policy toward seeing that people serve out the sentences imposed by the courts.

Applying Art O::

me

'Possible'

The Daily Reflector

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By JAMES MARLOW WASHINGTON (AP)-Just as President Kennedys critics begin fsnftng up on himbecause they think his programs go too far or not far enoughit is suddenly revealed he is practicing the art of the possible.

His very active secretary of labor, Arthur Goldberg, defends him for not being mwe demanding in his proposals to Congress. Goldberg says Kennedy is asking for as much as he thinks he can get.

At Miami last week the AFL-CIO Executive Council praised the President for giving the country a /new sense of purpose. But it complained his plans for economic recovery fall short of enough.

On the other side the American Medical Association, longtime W of Kennedys idea of linking medical care for the aged to Social Security, has asked its physician membs to talk their patients into being against it, too.

Kennedy got it from still another direction for his failure so' far to ask Congres.s for a single piece of civil rights legislation, Clarence Mitchell, Washington director of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, attacked Kennedy , for this failure and reminded hli administration that the Democrstic platform in 1960 made awfully big promises in this field, including action by both Congress and the President himself. -

Mitchell pointed out Kennedy hasn't yet Issued a single executive order on civil rights.

Monday In Miami Goldberg, former attorney for many AFL-GlO unions, told the executive council Kennedy.; programs represent his best Judgment of what is obtslnabW" 1rwfr*-Oemiess where conservatives of both par-

- Also "Monday Rep. 'Xeslie ArcJlds <?; - -O tbe

most Important Republicans In the Hou.ie, said his party w-otrt oppose Kennedy for the sake of obstruction but foi- whiFs good {of the country. - ' ,

But If J|ennedy has a problem

in dealing with the Republicans, they have one of their own in dealing with him: How far can they go in opposing-him without ruining themselves?

The voters have shown so little confidence in them that in every election sincc'''1954 they have pushed the Republicans in Congress aside and given control of both House and Senate to the Democrats.

In fact, the voters have trusted control of Congress to the Republicans for only four years out of the past 28. Still. Republicans arc beginning to make sounds like optimists^ about the 1962 elections', although not loudly.-

So. before they play tioer with Kennedy programs which affect the welfare of millions of people, they have to ask themselves: Where will this leave them in 1962 and, for that matter, in 1964, too?

Arends on a TV program said he thought the vote on'most of Kennedys programs would be extremely close. This may explain why Kennedy hasnt sent any civil rights legislation to Congress.

For his other programs hell need all the votes he can get, Including votes by the Southern Democrats who team up with Republicans. If he offered a civil rights program, theyd fight It for sure and slow up everything else.

In addition a hard drive by Kennedy for civil rights legislation might 80 anger them theyd fight harder against some of his other requests

But Its hard to see. in view of the big Democratic pronouncements and promises In the campaign, how he can ignore civilvrlghts to the extent of not only asking Congre.ss for nothing but doing nothing himself.

figure 6and say, frorpr. here on you are too old to be of any service, therefore you must retire.

Many of our great figures .in history did much of their greatest accomplishments after the age of 65. This applies to the areas of arts as well as to industrial achievements and discoveries in the field 6 science. So why do we delude ourselves into thinking we are doing these elder citizens a favor by turning them out to pasture?

Corporations -and other big business firms are the instigators of such nonsense. They have CAit-and-dried rules, drawn up after studying so-called efficiency reports and fitness tests. What they do not realize is that any standard, regardless of how flexible, cannot apply to every individual.

Workers forced to retire when still active in mind and body may become not only an economic problem but a mental health problem as well. That is the opinion of Dr. John C. McKinney, a Duke professor of medical sociology. Dr. McKinney has some suggestions to make to remedy the situation.

Community action, he believes, must be directed toward this problem as well as toward problems involving the medical care of the aging and such community projects as recreation centers. Many an aging person will find little satisfaction in learning

how to play games, especially if most of his waking hours as an adult have been devoted to productive labor.

The individual will want to do something which has meaning and which may aid his economic position as well. He is not interested in being entertained, much as one would attempt to entertain a bored guest.

Although much research is needed on retired workers, this fact 4n no way absolves either the individual or the community from responsibility. Dr. McKinney notes. Communities have the inherent abilities through their leadership, agencies and organizational components to conduct surveys and develop assessments with regard to utilization of human resources, based on skill, experience, know-howall going to waste because of some inane social idea that older peo-pie have no business continuing as useful members of society.

Since elderly people can be viewed as resources as well as problems it would seem clear that optimum use of -these resources is in the interest of both the individual and the community. Noting that the number of persons who live well beyond their work retirement continues to Increase, Dr. McKinney points out that by 1975 the average retirement-life expectancy of a 40-year-old worker will have risen to nearly njne and a half years, assumiil^a continuation of the 1920-1940 trends in labor force participation rates.

The result is that the nub of the problem resides in this added time made available to both the individual and the community outside the work context.

After a discussion of the coun-cU-manager form of government being used in so many towns and cities throughout the country now, we were curious if many small towns, with populations under 5,000, were using the plan and whether it was effective.

Ayden Town Manager Cleveland Paylor answers the questions by providing the following figures:

The,, council-manager form ot government is used by 123 towns with populations from 1,000 to 2,500: 217 towns with population from 2,500 to 5,000 (which includes Ayden).

In other figures, 360 towns

with 5,000 to 10,000 : 393 towns

with 10,000 to 25,000 ; 207 towns,

with 25,000 to 50.000 : 95 towns

with populations of 50,000 to 100.000; 51 cities with populations of 100,000 to 500,000; and four big cities with populations of over 500,000.

Opinions In Brief.

A series of articles on how to study gives as the first step: Pick up the book. After that, its all downhill.Jacksonville (Fla.) 'Times-Union.

The only thing the average taxpayer knows about higher education is that its getting more so all the time.Harold Coffin, in Wall Street Journal.

A man is known by the company he thinks nobody knows he is keeping. Ogden (la.) Reporter.

Of Life,

By GEORGE E. SOKOLSKY . Copyright, 1961, King Features Syndicate, Inc.

Change for change sake is a tlUory of the accelerated pro-diwUcm of goods. If styles, for Instance, did not change, a dress might last many years and thousands of persons would be without work. If we ate the same food every day, even if we could stand the monotony, it would impoverish farmers, grocers, restaurant owners, etc.

On the other hand, change must be rational and when we move from one commodity to another, dislocating communities. impoverishing people, ws need to know what we are doing. An excellent example of what the aubsUtution of one product for another means in the lives of people Is the use of imported residual oil instead of coal. Practically all of the residual oil comes to this country from Venezuela and we are allowing it to come in as a sort of good neighbor policy, just'" as the American people pay an ouU landlsh price for coffee to please . Brazil, Colombia and other coffee-growing countries.

But the importation of residual oil has brought such poverty to the people of the State of West Virginia Uiat they are back in the ugliness of the Depression. Several years ago, I called attention in this column to tho peril to the coal Industry which was then dying and I was attacked with undue violence by those who said that the world could never do without coal. Increasingly, the world has learned how to substitute other products for coal, just as the-day is not distant when atomic energy or some other device, perhaps solar energy, will produce the light and heat and power that we require. But what will become of people? What will they/tiofor a living? Will our society so change that we shall know how to provide for a workless population?

Residual oil is an excellent example of the mischief that can be done to human beings. As Senator Robw't C. Byrd said:.

"If one does not believe that the results have been tragic, one has only to come to West Virginia to see the results to see thousands of highly skilled miners unable to obtain work and to see their families existing on a diet that is unbelievably meager.

Coal mine employment has droppd from 125,000 men in 1948 to less than 38,000 now. The reason: coal is not used in 1%1 as much as it was used in 1948.

Residual oil is not advantageous, except that it is cheaper. In a word, as we become increasingly Inventive and in creaslngly smart in handling of new chemicals and new devices, shall we throw mw'e and more men and women out of work? This was a question that the Luddites asked in 1811-1816, when they sought to prevent the application of steam to machinery and locwnotion. Their answer proved wrong. Machines made jobs. The more machinery, the greater the output, the more jobs became available at higher wages and families lived on an increasingly higher standard of life. This was the moral advantage of the Industrial Revolution.

Hawe we reached the end of this constructive era? Or are we in a new era. a perfed of human history which, we do not understand and the consequences (Continued on Page 8)

Strength For Today

By EARL L. DOUGLASS

POWER AT ITS HIGHEST

A word which appears often in the Greek New Testament is dunamis. It means power. Prom it we-get the English words, dynamic and dynamo.

What is this power about which the New Testament speaks? It is spiritual power. Our twentieth century is often referred to as the power age. We have made more discoveries and invented more new devices than any preceding generation. Recently a huge section of a bridge spanning one of our principal rivers was assembled at the factory, and moved by barges to the gaping span it was to fill, then lifted into place by cranes of inconceivable power. A marvelous feat yet

ia today's world, not by any means unprecedented.

But spiritual power is so much greater than physical power that they hardly admit of comparison. The power of moral conscience, the power of consecrated personality, the power of determined human effort these are vast reservoirs of spiritual power. And there are spiritual powers greater even than these. The power of faith, the power of prayer, the power of Gods providential hand thrust down into the affairs of mankind here is power at its highest.

That power is available to us all. We cab* lay hold on it if we will. It is ours for the asking and for the using. It is especially important to remember that it Is given only to those who, will use It.

Wrong Match To Set Off'Boom?

By ELMER ROESSNER

Heres a disturbing thought: Perhaps 'the government has been using the wrong match to set off the next boom.

The theme echoed in the marble hsUs of Washington has been that the current recession has been caused by the failure of the government and Industry to expand production to create new Jobs and to provide more goods and buying power for the little fellows.

But it may be thrft a better way would be to expaad servio-es to create new Jobs and buying nnwer.

Ov^ the recent years, the American public has been

fast ft rate, or perhaps faster.

George Philips, an *Armour Research Foundation research director, recently pointed out that the last three months of 1960, consumer spending for manufacturer items dropped $2.5 billion, while spending for services increassd $2 billion. Further, he reported that 33,000,000 people arc now employed in service industria, compfU'ed with 27,000,000 in manufacturing.

Running a shoe.hlne stand is, of course, operating a service industry. But service is far, far more than that. Your banker, yoiu- travel agent, your laundry, your landlord and your insurance man operate service

about the girrin the plant office? To the extent that her wwk contributes to production, she is-a production worker; to the extent that she helps get goods sold, she is a distribution worker: the rest of the time shes probably a service worker. However, for easy classification. Shes employed in a production dustrles.

Distribution, like service, can be misunderstood. The man distributing handbills ijs surely a distribution worker, but so are the advertising men, the wholesalers,^ the retailers, and radio and televLsion employees. Including La.vie and Bob Hone.

includes Just about

Service

everything slss; the doctors,

dentists, Broadvjfay actors, gov-

It shoold-i^^ sur-- nrore'deht^ -40refi*. -^ lDwstoea8e.

i "^"^^ces than for products. -The telephon.,

not through proposals to Con- spending increasing amounts for and 98 per cent service. So arc writers and so on.

^iHrough his Broducta gim^,^ raroa<U liosv 4hs- .plaaa

A^rney General Robert Ren- War II. But a large part of mies, Ihe'transportatlOfi compan-

nedy ' - .^hat rise^ has been due to high- ies, the buses.

on campaigns such as, Have a Turkish bath! Phone mama! Fly to Port Wayne! Sec your banker once a month, your dentist twice a year! "Rent a bigger apartment! And so on. through all the service industries.

This would have increased spending; It would have mads more Jobs. And best of all, it might have brought faster results because the public, by its changing spending pattern over the last 15 years, shows that its appetite is growing faster for services.

Disturbing, eh?

JFK AND GeI CUAPTEB 11

Robert Kennedy is head of the Justice pepartmenl which is responsible for enforcing civil rights protections.

rT.

cr prices.

And during the sanil thne. they have been Increasing expenditures for services at Just as

OVERLAPPING DEF1NITONS

Like Gaul, all business, is in three parts, divis% est: production, distnbuuon worker. How

.. So )r^sadi.qf into new projects. Instead ol speeding up spending for more defettse- weapons, -d '-tustead of lambasting business for not Increasing productivity, the govf ernment might better have put

Grim Jest: Just- aboiit tli ert P. Kennedy was deciding

eral ETCt1h')ujd tion officials who conspired to iia priosfit tke General iHeetrlia Defense Quarterly appeared with a cover picturr of brother John.