PAGE FOURTHE DAILY REFLECTOR. GREENVILLE, N. C

Tuesday, February 28, 1961

Tuesday, February 28, 1961

Up8de-Down_Sit Down

Factors In Unemployment Picture

At first glance one might conclude that the drop in unemployment claims in I^itt County at this time this year compared with the corresponding period of last year means that employment conditions here are better now than they were last year.

Before any such conclusion can be drawn, however, one must consider factors other than just the number of unemployment claims filed with, the local office. sa

lt is a fact that fewer people are drawing unemployment compensation now in Pitt County than was the case in February, 1960. But as has been pointed out by the head of the local Employment' Security Commission office,*"employment opportunities in the "county now seem tobe fewer than a year ago.

In the overall picture, the drop in unemployment claims is probably partially attributable to the fact that fewer people may be, eligible to draw unemploy-

;^edistricting .

s Worrisome

Bt LYNN NISBET

REDISTRICTING Developments to date prove the accuracy of the pre-session forecast that while money might be the Big issue in the 1961 General Assembly, the problem of redistricting the state for congressional and State senatorial seats would be the more wor-ris<mie. Tbe legislators have not - actually faced up too either question yet. but preliminary maneuvers indicate the money Kerns will be easier to handle than redistricting.

That is because money is inanimate and the abstract problem of education and welfare and government is impersonal. The districting problem directly concerns the 12 incumbent congressmen and to only slightly less degree hundreds of political workers in their districts.

There would seem to be no peal reason why equitable representation in legislative bodies stxmld be more personal than tbe adequate education of the tldren of North Carolina. The simple fact is that very few acbool problems are based on the effect their solution might have on this or that person, whereas the entire approach to the redistricting question is based on how it will affect a sitting congressman or State senator.

CERTAIN One thing is certain. If the number of congressional districts must be reduced from 12 to 11 there'isnt any possible way to avoid having two incumbents in one of the new districts and no sensible or logical district plan can prevent having two or more new districts to embrace the residence of more than one incumbent.

Yet almost every approach Is based on the Idea of not legislating this or that member out of office. That approach assumes that the sitting congressman has an inherent property right In his office. It would be hard to think of a more fallacious premise.

DISCREPANCIES-One out which legislators in both Raleigh and Washington are wistfully hoping for is that' the membership of the national House of Representatives may be Increased from the present 43.S to S probable 469, thus eliminating necessity of taking a member sway from any state. That implies the hope that North Carola might not need to change sny districts.

The absurdity of that hope is found in the wide variance of

iiopulation In the present 12 dLs-ricts. The extremes are 253.511 people In the first district and 487,159 in the sixth. As has been _^many times pointed out. population should not be the sole criterion, although it is the only one recognized by the constitution. Accessibility of contact and communication between the representative and his constituents Is of almost equal importance On that basis, as well as popu-ulation, equity demands relign-

ment compensation-this year. It is not necessarily because they have jobs now, but because in the past year they have not been employed a sufficient length of time to qualify for unemployment compensation.

The fact that employment opportunities are fewer probably does not mean that considerably more people are gainfully employed, but rather that the demand for additional employes in many areas of the local economy is not as high as a year ago. Another factor that should not be overlooked is that apparently more claims for unemployment in the county are being filed by people who have not filed claims before or who have not filed claims in recent years. This would tend to indicate some who have had steady employment for a considerable period of time are now out of work.

Pitt County, of course, traditionally has had its highest unemployment dgring the months of February and March. Seasonal workers who move from one kind of employment to another at various times during the year find job opportunities at a low point during these months. And many of these workers are not^eligi-ble for unemployment compensation.

Comparatively speaking, the unemployment situation in Pitt County is not nearly as serious this year as in the case in some oth^r areas of the nation where industrial layoffs have put many out of work. Even 80, there are some signs that suggest there is more unemployment at this particular moment in Pitt than was the case a year ago.

These signs point up the continuing need for more year-round employment opportunities in this county, or at least seasonal employment to take up the slack during the months that agricultural activities are at a minimum and tobacco processing plants are not operating.

There is every reason to believe thgt the emjiloy-ment picture of the county will change rapidly for the better in the next several weeks as better weather brings about the seasonal upswing in local employment. In addition this year, Pitt will see its demand for workers increased sharply by the beginning of construction on the $26 million Voice of America facility.*

It is at this particular season of the year, however, that Pitt County should see most clearly its need-for more year-round employment opportunities to offset seasonal dip that comes during the early months every year.

Department Split Now No Longer Considered

Any consideration which might have been given to splitting the St^te Department of Commerce and Development into two separate departments has now been eliminated from Gov. Sanfords plans for reorganizing that agency.

The decision, we think, will serve to strengthen the C and D more than would have been the case if that department had been split into two agencies as has been proposed. Reorganization within the department can ser\ to put greater emphasis on phases of activity that have taken a back seat in the past; but this can be done at much less cost and within greater efficiency than would be the case if two separate state agencies were formed from the C and D.

The department of Conservation and Development plays.a paramount role in the economic development of North Carolina. In this role, it touches prac-muBt be considered. Governmeit tically every phase of the states business and com-

mercial activity. The vigor and effectiveness with which the department carries on its many activities determines in large measure the leadership afforded the states overall effort for economic development.

Now that the decision not to split the department has been reached, attention of state officials should be turned to increasing the effectiveness of the ac^y-ities of the department in all phases of its activities.

ment of districts in North Carolina.

Any approach to the problem which considers first the political welfare' of any person or persons is bound to fail. So is any concept based primarily on preserving to any large extent the present district lines. Unfortunately most of the maps designed by congressional staffs in Washington and by a good many of the State legislators start from the premise that the elected representative is entitled to more "protection than are the people who elect all the representatives.

A glance at the map of North Carolina wiU show that the only present district which cannot be changed, except by adding to it, Is the 12th currently the second smallest with 291,715 people. One of the maps received in Raleigh from a Washington office would add Polk. Rutherford and Cleveland to the 12th' district but not next door neighbors Madison, McDowell and Yancey. Whole purpose there was to protect the Incumbents In the other districts.

HEARINGS - Sen. Robert Morgan of Oeveland and Rep. Ed Kemp of Guilford, chairmen of the respective senate and house committees are considering regional public hearings in order to ascertain as nearly_ as passible what the people want. They have already run Into difficulty because sitting congressmen want the meetings held at points that will be most advantageous to them.

Perhaps the most valuable compilation of facts, without suggestion as to how they should be applied, is the study made by John Sanders of the Institute of Government. This report gives statistical data on population in every county, composition of present districts with a brief history of when and how they were formed tbut not why).

PERSONALITIES Of course the personal wishes, potential welfare, of incumbent congressmen and all of their constituents

By DON SCHLIENZ ' ^ -

delightful Sort Of Hoax

It may be the contrast in the weather (since Saturday) is deceptive, but 1*11 go along with the deception.

So much bright sunshine, blue skies and mild temperatures has brought about some flower bed cultivation, some twig picking - up, some weed-

plucking, some grass seed-sowing. Its as though springs spirit has reached through the veil of time and turned the growing season switch to on.

All this is TOO good to be true. Its too early for tender hands to be groping in muck, wielding a hoe and thinning bushes. The

Other Editors Saying. Without Federal Control

Ls Intensely personal in its application. Government deals with people, as contrasted with private motive business enterprise which deals only with dollars.

An easy way out for the legislators would be to employ some engineering experts to come in and divide the state into 11 districts of approximate equal population and contiguous area. Thats the way multo-million dollar corporations allocate their territory. But in the arranging of congressional districts the human element must be taken into account.

Gerrymandering, which is the darling of politicians and can seldom be Justified on partisan grounds, often can be justified on basis of grouping people of common interest in the same district. Some northeastern and midwcstern states have achieved that purpose to far greater degree than has North Carolina-

D

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The Daily Reflector

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By JAMES MARLOW

WASHINGTON (AP) - President Kennedy and Premier Khrushchev are up to their necks in friendly frustration.

They have laid a pleasant foundation for a future meeting, which seems Inevitable, like two men who wanted to bury & hatchet but not in each others head.

They have exchanged cordial messages and avoided name-calling and per-sonal attacks which would make a meeting impossible, as Khrushchev made a meeting with former President Elsenhower Impossible because of what he said.

But beyond that theres no basic difference between Khrushchevs relations with Kennedy and his relations with Eisenhower. With both his main policy has been consistent; push where he sees a chance.

The chance he sees now is in the Congo. Although Kennedy wants the United Natlous forces to stay there to keep the peace. Khrushchev wants them oitt Altogether.

Ruvslas chance for Influence among the Congolese and a shattering penetration of Africa would be vastly Improved with the U.N. Forces gone. Prom the Russian viewpoint, this is natural enough.

Its also natural enough for Kennedy to want nothing of the kind. So, while Kennedy has extended a friendly hand to Khrushchev, he has kept the other fist clenched.

There was nothing genUe about Kennedys warning to Russia

, without mentioning either Russia or Khrushchev by namenot to try- to move Into the Congo.

He told the Russians and Red Chinese In his State of the Un.

.JftA that soft talk from.

them would leave him uncon-

lot of talking and a lot of time.

Khrushchev says hes anxious for disarmament. He says hes a believer in peaceful coexistence. But what he means by that and what Kennedy means are not necessarily the same thing.

Because they are not. the possibility of disarmament seems a long w'ay off.

So long as the United States Is equipped to fight an all-out war. it will have the power to discourage the Russian and Chinese Communists from starting small wars since they might mushroom into big ones.

If the Russian idea of peaceful coexistence means pushing into one nation after another and taking over, through pressure from without or within, then it would become a very unpeaceful coexistence.

Since Kennedy says we must never be lulled into believing that either Russia or Red China hai yielded its ambitions for world domination. then he will have remain able to deal firmly with them.

Hes firm with them now, while Khrushchev tries to push in the Congo. So, while Kennedy and the Russian on the surface . deal in the friendliest way. they are actually frustrating each other.

Quote.:.

(Washington Daily News)

In every session of Congress In recent years federal aid to education has come up for considerable discussion. And from what various members of Congress say, one must conclude that a majority of the congressmen and senators-favor federal aid to education provided the federal government does not seek to exercise control over education in the 50 states.

It seems to us that the matter of federal aid versus federal control is becoming a little overworked. This is particularly true when any appropriation for education must come from congress, and congress has the simple power to decide on how the appropriation must be made, on any strings that might be attached, on any controls which might be exercised, and in general has the full say-so on the scope of such an appropriation.

If the congress of the United States wants to appropriate money for education and give it to the states without any measure of control whatsoever, then congress can do just that.

We suspect that over this land some congressmen might *be talking out of both sides of their mouths on this matter. While they say they favor federal aid to education without federal control, at the same time they profess to believe that one is not possible without the other- And as a result they align themselves against federal aid to education.

. If now congress decided to appropriate money for education and set out clearly that the money was to be matched by state or local funds, and that the money was to be used solely for school building purposes, then does such a limit on the spending constitute control? We say that it does not.

When we think of the word control, we think of the curriculum and what must, be taught. We think of the salaries

of teachers and uniformity of such salaries. We think of building standards determined by the federal government rather than by state or local governments. We think of several factors which might be said to be control which might directly influence ,, ertain aspects of any appropriations which might be voted by the congress. But we do not consider it to be control for congress to set out that its appropriations must be used for school building purposes only.

Some people want federal aid to raise salaries of teachers. Many do not. If federal money is ever used to pay salaries, then we might well have salary uniformity all over the United States among teachers. Then control would take on a definite hue of federal regulation.

We admit that when any ar-gumept comes up regarding federal aid to education, there are two sides. And one can argue his feeling with great conviction and great seriousness. But one all too often finds what he is seeking to find. If he is against federal aid, then he has a multitude of arguments to present. He can state positively that he is against federal aid because he feels that it is impossible to have federal aid without federal conferoli-

Meanwhile, our school building crisis in America is growing ever more serious. We have more and more youngsters to be educated, and the tax burden in-,^ evitably is becoming heavier and heavier.

We would be opposed to federal d for schools if the federal government'' itself entered the field of education on the curriculum or teacher basis. But today many states need help badly. We can have that help without controls which would hamper the normal operations of schools by states and local authorities. And that is the true solution, it would seem.

last day of February does not mark the end of winter nor sound the trumpet call of spring.

March is the month of winds and kites, and one might add it is also a time for ladies on streetcomers to firmly hold down their skirts against mischievous gusts.

Yet, we have already had winds, and kites (I might add), leaving little for March except to pick up Aprils game.

This is too much to expect. It follows that we are being deceived.

But on looking out Mondays window, this has been a delightful hoax.

The driver of a light blue 1959 Ford, license number LE 499, might check his left tail light.

A neighbor and I glimpsed it last night; said tail light being about one-third full of water. ^ We speculated on what might happen when the light bulb became hot and Water splashed on it. Quite possibly the water has leaked out of the tail light by now, but it w'as in there Monday evening. It provided a brief and colorful diversion.

To date, we have relatively few families connected with the Voice of America project in Pitt situating here. The work isnt far enough along for the expected many it will call for.

Yet its surprising how the few VGA families here now have permeated Greenville.

You meet a pleasant lady at a PTA meeting and are told her husband is with the VGA; or a club speaker is from that agency: or youll meet some newcomers at a dance. . .at church. . .at a bloodmobile collection center; and it turns out they are involved in the VGA project.

There are only a few of these people here, but you-run into, them in all phases of community life. Always they give the impression .that they fit. . .^hat theyre at home here. Its a remarkable thing.

These people represent a vanguard of the families yet to come. The prospect is most pleasant.

And from the Fort Myers (La.) News-Press comes the story of the village gossip pumping the local doctor about itte recent demise of their towns richest man. "YOU knew him well, she cooed.How much did he leave?

All of it. madam, all of it, the old doctor replied.

Of A .

Cult

By GEORGE E. SOKOLSKY Copyright, 1961, King Features Syndicate, Inc.

In a period- t)f fear and ^ia satisfaction, .cults are readily formed.

The Nation of Islam is a Negro ant-whit movement. It is the Ku Klux Klan in reverse. Its preparation la for the War of Armagedon during which blacks will overcome the white devils. Call this movement a fake, a iraud, what you will. The fact is that it exists and that its membership Is widespread. The Fruit of Islam, the masculine part of this movement, emphasizes physical training and Judo luractice. The object la to overcome the weak and degenerate whites.

The -female membership Muslim Girls Training, must live up to the following rules: -Do not use lUwtick or makeup

Do not wear hair P unlesa wearing long dress Do not smoke or drink Do not commit adultery Do not use pork In any form Do not cook in aluminum uteo-alls "

Do not wear heels ow Hfc. Do not dance with anyone except ones husband.

The essence of the teaching of the Nation of Islam is hatred for tbe white man and to that end many tanplee maintain schools; often called a university. In such schools, the history of the Black Nation is taught. Islam on the March. a pamphlet published by this movement, shows that this education includes such subjects as Ending,of Spook Civilization,^ The Historical Display of Spoofc Civilization for 6000 Years. The Student Enrollment Lesson is a sort of catechism. A few examples of the teachings are given herewith:

Who Is The Original Mant Answer: The original man is thpAs^latic Black Man, Owner, Maker, cream of the planet Earth, God of the Universe and Father of Civilization.

Who is The Colored Man? Answer: The colored man is the so-called white man or Caucasian, Yacohs grafted devil, skunk of the planet Earth. What is the birth record of said nation'Of Islam?

Answer: There is no birth record of said Nation of Islam.

What is the birth record of said other than Islam?

Answer: The birth record

of said other than Islam is: Bud-daism approximately 35,000 years old. Christianityapproximately 551 years old.

Why isn't the devil settled on the best part of the Planet Earth?

Answer: Because the earth belongs to the Original Black Man and knowing that the devil was wicked and there would not be any peace among them, he put him out in the worst part of the earth and kept the best part pr^rved for himself every since he made it. The best part is in Arabia at the Holy City Mecca. The colored Man or Caucasian is the devil. Arabia is in the far east and is bordered by the Indian Ocean on the south.'* Only too often, it is said that cults and movements should not be dignified by notice and discussion. The fact, however, is that only six or seven persons, one woman Included, formed the core ~ Qif the Bolshevik movement which not only conquered Russia in 1917 but a large part of the . world by 1961: Mussolini was an editor of a socialist news-. paper supported by a Russian * woman, Angelica Balabanoff ultimately he to(rfc over a country.

The Nation of Islam gives Its members a sense of power and strength. It was best described by a New York minister on television:

You can go to any small Muslim child and ask him where Is hell or who is the devil and he wouldnt tell you that hell Is down in the groimd or that the devil is something invisible that you cant see. Hell tell you hell is right where he has been catching it and he'll tell you the one who is responsible for him having received this hell is the devU. The devU is, of course, the white man.

Each year on February 26 (related to the Moslem Ramadan) (Continuedon Rags 6)

Another 'Retail Sales Dio Seen

^yipced thCY- ar to' take over

, At the same , tirqe,.^both.jR?.h are getting their governments ready to talk seriously about disarmament. This will take a

"Here's a nice little mathematical problem for those In the northern states to work on while theyre stuck in traffic: Given l.(X)0 homeward-bound autPlsts on your roiltewhen each traffic light changesr. -tho-lot trying '^^ck wheels of each car make

der way due to the slippery roadway. How 'coliT wlll'sUipeT be when you get h6mer'Sumter Daily Hem.

By ELMER ROESSNER When the last cash register tinkles In Nome tonight, It Is probable that February retail sales will,have recorded another dip. Sales of the nations department stores have been showing substantial declines in weekly Federal Reserve reports and retail sales usually follow the department-store trend.

The decline may be even larger than that of January, when total retail sales, according to the Department of Commerces preliminary report, were 2 per cent below'sales in January, 1960 and 2 per cent below September on a seasonally adjusted basis. Actually, they were much more than 2 per cent below the December total, but government statisticians have ways of adjusting figures to allow for the holiday spending splurge.

1960 A GOOD YEAR , Semifinal figures for 1960 have

The latter, however. Include only data that department stores volunteer, and Include mostly stores in metropolitan shopping areas.

In the Commerce series, not all groups of stores are covered Can you guess which of the major groups showed the largest gains? Guess now and compare it with the answer, w-hich will appear in a few sentences.

Not all reported lines shared gains. Durable good stores as a whole declined 1 per cent while nondurable stores gained 3 per cent.

The automotive group, which bulks large, showed no gains, but franchised new car dealers gained 1 per cent while tire, battery and accessory dealers dropped 1 per cent. APPLIANCES DOWN

The furniture and appliance group was down 3 per cent from 1959, and of this group, the household appliance, radio and TV stores showed a 5 per cent drop. The building and farm-

gin of the year, you were right, was down 6 per cent. AB other

They were up 8 per cent. Res- shopping areas showed gains or

taurants, cafeterias and lunch- losses of less than 6 per cent,

rooms showed a 6 per cent gain. Some of these figures repre-Several groups ^sent drifts to suburban shopping

cent risw. including the f^ centers; downtown Miami was

group,, shoe stores, gas service own 6 per cent while the Miami

staUons ..v ^Metropolitan area, Including that

Liquor stores snowed a gain downtown, was up 9 per cent.

now been released and they show ~ OittTt .geej*3ae.-

Total retail sales were 2 per cent cent drop from a year earlier ^ kbdVi f ^ the

Department store sales were showed a 6 per Cent lu'mp.

' up 2 per cent, according' to *If you gue.ssed that maiJ-erder

Commerce figures, up to 1 per houses-elling department-store

. cent according to Fed figures, merchandise showed the largest

of 3 per cent, while drinking places (the government name for saloons) were down 1 per cent.

BOOMING LINCOLN, MIAMI, SAN DIEGO

The Federal report on department-store sales by metropolitan areas and cities is now out. Lincoln, Neb., and Miami showed 9 per cent gains over 1950. followed by Jacksonville, Fla., and San Diego. Calif., each with 8 per cent. San Jose. Calif., was fifth with a 7 per cent rise. Louisville. Ky., and Cambridge. Mass. were up 6 per cent-t There some sizable losses, too. the largest being Wichita, Kan., down 13-per. Cnti_.CfiiiiCj6a_4L

Others represent shoppers changes from department stores to smaller, nonreporting shops. And others reflect special local conditions.

TRANSATLANTIC AIRLINES THREATEN RATE WAR

There may be some competition in transatlantic air freight rates after all. The price-fixing conference In Paris broke up, and Pan American Airways and Trans - World Airlines have threatened to cut their rates when agreements expire April 10. This caused Air France to declare it would undercut Ameri-.

can rates, and several other for-

0., doWn 9 per cent; El Paso. WPw T>rice war, ,

Ohio, down T per cent .and patchi^ up-befbi'e^ne deaaline;

-dmpptQm.Miami, per thejre will be no price war, and

cent. Downtown Washington some rates* will be'Towered'by

(The Democrats are coming 1) agreement. " '