Saturday, February 1ft, 1961

.|aturday, February 18, 1961

Much Hinges On

It was a matter of a few weeks ago that overtures of cordiality were being exchanged between President Kennedy and Premier Khrushchev of the Soviet Union.

Now, less than*a month since the President took office, the atmosphere which seemed to hold promise of a return of the spirit of Capp David between the heads Of state of the two nations has all but vanished Khrushchev, through his spokesmen, has unleashed* a double-barrell attack at the United States and the United Nations that is>as vicious as any that has come about during the-cold war. The exchanges over the Congo situation have included a blunt warning by the new President of the United States to the Soviet Union not to intervene directly in the affairs of that strife-torn African nation.

Where a few weeks ago there seemed to be in the making a summit conference between President Kennedy and Premier Khrushchev in the near future, there now appears little likelihood of such a meeting "soon. Relations between the two nations have become considerably more strained. Diplomatic channels have become clogged with rising tension and personal

^i^elatively Shy

m.Jracing iasK

By LYNN NISBET

BHYTh# committees which have been assigned the task of gettinf down to work on redis-trictlng the state for congressional and sUte senatorial seats show a high degree of shyness and modesty in approaching te job. The committee cn aenatorial distrlcta adjourned aa aoon aa it approved the tan aetng up the committee, but without any action on the aubject matter. .

The cwnmittee on congressional dlstricta did very little better. It did receive material prepared the Institute of Government, agreed to hold joint sesions with a House committee when one It appointedand adjourned.

Sitting members of the Congress are warning State legislators to go slow, because there is a chance that the total membership of the House may be in-creaaed to the point that North 'Carolina will not lose a seat. Even ao. redistrlcting would atm be necessary in the interest of fairness and decency, because at present some districts have V more than half a million people and some only abdut a quarter million.

The redistrlcting ommittecs are under pressure from all sides. The Incumbent congrcss-' men do not want to be disturbed. Counties and districts in the state do not want to lose representation in the Legislature. So there is developing a neat little bit of Machiavellian political ac-. tlvity which paramounts the old fetish of legislative courtesy.

Under this proposed plan the House wU not interfere with distribution of seats In the Senate, and the Senate will not interfere with apportionment of seats In the House. Since concurrent action of both branches if necessary for enactment the net effort of this plan would be no change ' In the present inequitable arrangements.

ABSENTEES Some observ-era read algnificance into the fact that (rf the 12 members of tho Senate committee on con-greaaional districts the only absentees at its first meeting were Claude Currie of Durham and Lindaay Warren of Beaufort^ Theae veterans of many" lawmaking battles were pitted against each other in the 1959 session on the question of c(hi-stitutional revision as it affected legislative representation. There was off-side speculation as to whether they cut this meeting to avoid a scrap, or if they just regarded it as not Important enough at this stage to require their attention. It is anticipated that before the session if over these giants will be engaged in parliamentary combat.

m ..... .......-

EX-OFF!CIOIntruductlon of a bill by Senator Joe Eagles of Wilson takes a long needed step

toward eliminating some of the ex-officio positions held by State offtcials who were elected because of their capabilities in other fields.

The Eagles bill would X out the ez-offcio assignments of the Attorney General as a member of the State Board of Assessment, the State Banking Commission and the Board of Directors of the North Carolina Art Society. The reason given Is eminently sound, other than from the Ineptness o( general ex-officio membership. Eagles says that inasmuch as the Attorney General is the legal adviser of the various State agencies and departments, it ts inconsistent for him to be a voting member of a group which he must advise legally.

There are many other instances of ex-officio positions which do not have that valid objection but which still are difficult to justify.

EDUCATION-There is good reason for the elected State Su-' pcrintendent of Public Instruction to be an ex-officio member of the Board of Education, and perhaps of the Board of Trustees of the University, There doesnt seem much point in the Lieutenant Governor being an ex-offlclo member of the education board.

It has been pointed out many times that the ex-officio positions accorded by statute to the State Treasurer are far more Important than the duties incumbent upon his elective office. In the election campaigns, however, it is seldom stated that the candidate for treasurere is also running for chairmanship of the State Banking Commission, the Local Government Commission, the Teachers* and State Employees Retirement System and the Local Government Retirement System; and for membership on the State Board of Education, the State Board of Assessment, the Law Enforcement Officers* Benefit and Retirement F^ind and maybe some others overlooked In the listing. The office of trea.surer is ccmstitutionAh So Is the treasurers place on the Board of Education. All the other assignments are statutory.

While there Is no conflict of

cordiality between the heads of the two nations has> cboled considerably. -

Within the first month of his term of office. President Kennedy is faced with one of the most serious international situations in recent years. How he handles the situation, the decisions he makes under the the intense pressure, and the manner in which he apts and reacts as new developments occur will be watched closely by Hies and potential enemies of the,vUnited States. The Presidents action during this period of crisis will likewise be evaluated carefully by uncommitted nations of the world.

The impressions^f the new President that are formed on both sides of the Iron Curtain may .well determine future events. Among our allies and the uncommitted nations confidence in the new, young President of the United States will either rise or sag.

If the Soviet Union decides either to press new crises* and create tension,^ or to reduce international tension and restore more cordial relations with the West may hinge on what President Kennedy does and how he does it.

This is the first baptism of fire for President Kennedy in a major international crisis. How he acquits .himself will be an important factor in the future course of international events.

Legislators Do Want

The Views Back Home

Most of the legislatures 170 members are scattered across the states 100 counties today, each back home in his own bailiwick seeking out local reaction to what has been going on in Raleigh.

It is important to the state and its future, we think, that citizens throughout the state let the legislators know how they feel about the issues that are

coming up in the General Assembly. In Raleigh the gy. HENRY HOWARD legislators get many expressions of opinions from numerous lobbyists, spokesmen for various groups and organizations. Back home for the weekend, however they have the opportunity to get the candid opinions of individual citizens.

Most legislators ar anxious to reflect in their industry - hunting, a venture actions in Raleigh the feeling of most of the people siStS

from the area they represent. It is difficult for them recent years, is generally reto do 80, however, unless local citizens freely express garded by the hunters and Uie themaelves on issues being considered by the General

Assembly. , some manufacturing outfit to a

We would urge the people of Pitt County to ex- particular area or specific loca-press their feelings on legislative matters to Pitt Coun-

tys three members of the General Assembly. Sen. Hunters of industry are time Robert Humber, Rep. Frank Wooten and Rep. Clifton and again faced with the task Everett most likely will be in Pitt every 'weekend while of prepa^g countless coUe^ the General Assembly is in session. As elected officials officiais* ^*who almost

they are in the legislature to represent the views of the people of this county. If the legislators, during Q/^Tn*nr^

their weekend visits here, receive expressions of opin- lIjCliLUi o OLlyiliy . .

ion from individuals on legislative matters, they are

countys wishes.

crdss^ection of feeling of the 3qjy16 Act, 801116 AudieilCe

If, on the other hand, individuals are reluctant .

to express..themselves, the legislators will have to re-

. . au 1. i. L XI. The U-N. s Mr. HammarsKjolO

sort to making their own contacts, in which case the ^y no means been aatrin-

reaction they receive to important issues may not ac- gently anti-Communlst. in fact.

curately reflect the general feeling withi nthe county, he fired Denm^ks Pavl Bang-

The better informed the legislators are of the before'Com-

feelings of their local citizens on various matters, the munist pressures. Nor has Mr. better job they will be able to do of representing their Hammarskjold ben the foe of respective counties in Raleigh. Lumumba, who probab-

1

A Nerve-Wrackina Job

unanimously elect to remain anonymous.

While it may seem a hunter would be more inclined to strive much harder for his game if It were identified, the hunters of industry just as unanimously take the unknown element in stride and carry on.

With all the secrets involved In contacting representatives of Industry, it is easy to understand what happened recently to Dr. Sylvester Green, new executive director of the Pitt County Development Commission.

In an informal chat with members of the commission Wednesday. the director was describing briefly a rendezvous with a prospect.

Dr. Green pointed out quickly he was encouraged by the meeting, even though he had not the slightest idea what Industry he was contacting. Its confidential, even to the hunters, you know.

He was telling the commissioners he was quite surprised when he questioned the representative about his name.

Dr. Green had asked the Industrialist: The name youre using; its not your real one, ts it?

The reply? "Sure it is.

They say surprises in the business never cease.

A Subtle Thirc, Surden For Him

Interest among these positions, which might arise in connection with the Attorney General, it must be admitted that some of them have no direct relationship to the duties set out in the constitution for the elected treasurer. Nothing in this set up violates the letter of -the law against dual office holding, but casual glance at the picture will indicate some violence to Its spirit.

The treasurer is the most promiscuous ex - officio, but there are many other instances where duties Imposed by statute do not accord with the main job of the elected official.

from the beglnnmg, is the narrow margin of Kis election vie-

The Daily Reflector

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By JAMES MARLOW

WASHINGTON (AP) President Kennedy has a double load on his backand maybe a very subtle third onein trying to convince Congress that not only action but urgent action is needed to pull the economy .put of its spin.

One of his handicaps, obvious jlnnini of ras

tory. A second is the conservative nature of Congress and its traditional, almost lazy, slow way of doing business except in deep emergency.

. The fact that he Ls now in a position of trying to lead a group of menthe members of Congressamong whom he was ju.st one of many not long ago may without its* being realized handicap him in getting what he wants At 43 Kennedy looks younger. He always looked younger than his age from the time in 1947 he first came to Congress and one lobbyist addressed him as if he were a boy.

But behind him Kennedy has 14 years in Congress. In that time, however, he was not In a position of leadership except when acting as captain for some piece of legislation or as chairman of a committee.

In the main he was. like the other 436 members of the House and the 99 members of the Senate, Just one among many where the voices of some of those around him. ' the older Tftet, hd mbre weigbt than his.

Now in a very real sense he is captain of all of them but still, because of the separation of powers between the presidency and Congress, unable to give orders.

His main instruments are the prestige of his office and his powers of persuasion. It wold seem natural if some of the older- members of Congress would be le&s receptive to his urg-Ings than if he were close to their age.

This In the end may be Just a minor factor, if it is a factor at all. in the problems he faces with Congress.

His extraordinarily narrow margin of victory in the presidential race,.as has been pointed out before, does not carry the same overwhelming persuasiveness a landslide victory would have given him starting out.

But Congress, and this goes for members of both parties, for years has been used to rocking along without any feeling, as Kennedy put it, that time and tide were running against us.

There Is a certain provincialism in the House more, perhaps. than in the Senate where the members, facing election every two years, are apt to think more In terms of the needs' of their owm district than the one 100 miles away.

Even though the unemployment figures are climbing toward six million Hot a pretty spectacle for a nation -compet-- on page six)

ly owed his entire career to the Secretary General. Then why does Mr. Khrushchev turn, in a rage, and denounce the leader of the United Nations?

Do not seek a reason in the more general laws of human converse and logic. Khrushchev does not attack because provoked, or grow friendly because pleased. He is always manipulating a situation according to the Coumiunlst logic of action, and Mr. Hammarskjold Is just a factor in that situation a key factor, now that pressing down on this man can bring such a response from the Western forces. The Important thing is to realize that the large headlines about Khnishchev'f attack on the United Nations do not signal any real change in the situation. Russia has used, abused, or ignored the U.N. only insofar as it served the Communist purpose.

Mauldin the cartoonist, who recently replaced Fitzpatrick as the "Herblock of the mid-West, drew a memorable cartoon when Khrushchev first started attacking the U.N. last summer. A prim America-Flrster is clutching her bedclothes around her as Khrushchev strolls into her boudoir taking off his coat and tie. The caption: "Strange Bed-Fellows; Enemies of the U N The wit here was spectacularly divorced from wLsdom. The responsible critics* of the U. N. have always known that Russia has no respect for the organiza

tion. These critics do not believe Khrushchev when he Is paying it lip-service; and unlike Mauldin and the New York Times and Adlal Stevenson they do not fall into the trap of canonizing Mr. Hammarskjold just becapse Russia happens to be attacking him.

Khrushchev is right but for the wrong reasons when he says that Hammarskjold brought chaos to the Congo. Moise Tshombe is right and for the right reasons when he says the same thing: The UN.s pressure in Katanga was directly responsible'for civil strife in that province. It is a masterstroke, simple but effective, for Mr. Khrushchev to obscure the facts which Tshombe refers to by making his own assault on Hammarskjold. Now he has only to sit back and watch the West scurry about busily white-washing the U N.s Congo fiasco. The New York Times already has equated this Russian attack with the criticism made of Trygve Lie at the time of the Korean war.

This masterpiece of Khrushchev strategy is tried as well as true in its aim. The same strategy led to the Wests glorification of Hammarskjold last summer and the heavy commitment of U.N. forces to the Congo followed by the expulsion of all Belgian elements of order, the rebukes given to Tshombe, the support given to Lumumba. Nkrumah, and the other African exploiters of Congo trouble. The same strategy worked when Khrushchev gave his table-pounding performance in New York. The same thing, or a slight variation of it, will probably work next year. That born'actor in the Kremlin must be very happy to have such a responsive audience.

In view of the perfectly beautiful weather around these parts of recent days, this column obviously owes a deep apology to ole Groundhog.

Early in February we blatantly charged the weatherman of the animal kingdom of not knowing his business. There were a cduple of days immediately following the little animals initial appearance that provoked the charge.

Since we are heartily In favor of the type of weather weve had around here for the last couple of weeks, we beseech ole Groundhog to accept our apology.

And it whats said here aint enough, wed be glad to do more anything if its necessary to have this weather continued.

Again, were sorry if the Groundhog got riled up over our earlier comment.

If anybody sees the animal weatherman, how about passing the word along.

HEART DISEASE

Gtve /

HEART FUND

I-Defense'

By GEORGE E. SOKO^KY Copyright, 1961, King Feainret Syndicate, Inc.

Is politics the total of life?

We are too often told that the United States having become a world leader, the American people should all become historians, international lawyers, exchange experts, sociologists and econo-mistSi The fact is that most people prefer to mind their own affairs. knowing a little of this and that, getting acquainted with Kasavubu but also with Marilyn Monroe and the First Lady, and wondering whether fights are fixed.

Let us put it another way. Last Sunday, many musicians were Interested in Aaron Copland music as provided by Leonard Bernstein and the New York Philharmonic. Personally, I have not been a disciple of Copland, admitting quite freely that I do not always understand what he wants to say. Leonard Bernstein, however, has a gift for . teaching and as be explained his friend, Copland, to the young people who were listening at Carnegie Hall and the older people who were watching television, I had a new listen to Copland and a better understanding.

It is true that the time I spent on Copland might better have been spent reading Mao Tze-tungs attacks on Khrushchev, but there it is- I was diverted to Copland. Maybe, one should never look at Perry Mason because he diverts from the very serious problem of gold.

During the summer, I live far away from wisdom and devote my days to reading principally those remote volumes which I forgot to look at earlier in life. Also I read a local newspaper which tells about new road repairs in the county, about who was bom or died, of new visitors to various friends, etc.

Also, the world in which I am geographically situated dindng the summerris^muslcal. All kinds of music festivities occur. Also there Is the dance. So I like to read the local newspaper which tells me what I want to know. To me. aU this is very Important and it is equally Important to my neighbors, aU of whom read this newspaper not for great coverage of the doings of Khrushchev or the erudite editorial opinion of Its editor, but because it satisfies a very human desire to know what is going on in the neighborhood.

The other day, I listened to an argument of th# responsibility of editors and publishers to provide people with what tiiey need to know. And there was much wisdom in the assumption that if the people in a free country are badly inforrried or inadequately informed about great matters, they will vote stupidly and elect unfortunate men to public office and the pressure of public opinicm will be on the wrong side.

There Is much truth In this, except that who is so absolutely sure about what anyone needs to know. For instance, I read about a missile or rocket or platform or something that the Russians shoot heavenward and wonder why the experts say that it will take us a year or so to catch up with that. So I ask myself a few questions;

1. Why should we catch up?

2. Why do we need to go to Venus?

3. If we get to Venae, what

will we do about It?

4. How nauch new mathematics do I need to study to under-

* stand what it is aU about?

I know some teen-agers who are wise about such matters and they can explain it perfectly. They know all about physics and astro-physics and why a teen-ager has a rough time with parents these days becaust tiiey, the parents, are so dumb about things that really count. So some parents these days because they, children by reading science fiction, which Is easier than reading Max Planck or Albert Einstein or even the pamphlets about a Sane Nuclear Policy.

Just to show off a Uttle, I find history or pathological psychology very thrilling some days and other days. I like Aga-* tha-Christie. But I know lots of people who, when they oome home from work, like to look at a few comic strips, read the sports pages, look at a couple of pictures, read ,<me or two (Continued on page da).

phill Fight For The President

Strength For Today

By EARL L. DOUGLASS THE FAITH WE USE

Jesus declared that if one had faith as a grain of mustard seed he might say to a mountain:

Remove hence to yonder place; and it shall remove. . . And nothing would be impossible to ' anyone possessing such faith. (Matt. 17:20; Luke 17:8).

People often complain and say that they have very Uttle rcUg-loua faith. iSbd ia. .not" interested at all in the quantity of our faith but in its quaUty. A mustard seed is so smaF that one can scarcely see it as it rests in the palm of his hand. Yet that Uttle seed has ^ in it such vitality that It grows into a large shrub. What God is interested in regarding our faith, is whether er not that faith has

vitality.

The faith of some people is like a huge rock. The faith of others is Uke a mustard seed. God cares not how much faith we have. His only Interest is in whether or not our faith Is growing. Does It have, within it the potential of vitality? Can our faith get us somewhere? Can it do something to us and for us? Does it bring us closer to God and God closer to us? Does it make Ufe round about uswith the members of our family and with our associates in general

By ELMER ROESSNER President Kennedy has tossed a lot of work at Congress and ^more legislative proposals wlU "be pitched as soon as they are leady. ^

M.' Kemiedy's ' lgslative

schedule Is approaching that of President Roosevelts in 1933. Mr. Roosevelt had a frightened, compliant Congress, at least for the first 100 days. But the 87th Congress is of different stuff. So far, it has gone along with all ol the Presidents appointments. But It is showing signs of stiffening against some the new New Deal proposals.

Mr. Kennedy may succeed in getting his program, or most 0 it, enacted. But whether he does or not, there wUl be a long, hard fight,

This wlU mean Uttle or no tiine- i(L.ju-compcBlicnsive. tax reform, or for much legislation In other fields.

better or worse, happy or de- AUTO WORKERS'

plorable?

Take the faith you have and atari uaing it God is interealed only in the faith we can use because It 1s vital and do UM because we are vital.

DEMANDING Here are more look-aheads in busineas:

Tough United Auto Worketi demands: Despite aUegatlons

that labor, especially auto work

ers, have "priced tbemaelves out of the market, the U.A W. W1 formulate heavy, costly, proposals when it convenes in April. Many delegates wiU demand 40 hours pay for 30 hours work. There wtil also be demands for lowering the retirement age to 60. Both proposals wUl , be intended to create more jobs. No one will suggest creating more jobs by reducing wages so that the employers can cut car prices and start seUing them again.

Sweeping governmental changes: A report on a staff study of the Senate Interstate Commerce Committee, coming on the I heels o a report to President Kennedy by James M. Landis, makes considered changes in Federal agencies more than likely. The Senate committee urges the abolition of the ICC, tiie CivU Aeronautics Boa^d-and the Federal Maritime Board, putting their functions in a Federal Transportation Commission with Cabinet status. Many men close to Mr. Kennedy favor bringing all independent agen-under the Cabinet ctruo-ture. *

'foreign INVESTBIENTS

TO RISE More specfaiioii abroad: There la Ukely to be a rise in Americans investments abroad. Foreigners are not aUowed to hold shares In Japanese companies, many of which pay very hlgli dividend " ratesT But the Japanese Government has agreed to aUow certain shares to be deposited in banks alnoad, and permit owners to sell "depository receipts. *

The Securities and Exchange Commission has apj)roved the sale of American depository receipts (ADRs) of 12 Japanese companies. Bankers asd tookers around the country will have details soon.

Meanwhile, depository receipts of shares of six European companies ore being traded on the Montreal Stdck Exchange. Most American brokers can handle purchasea. (or xUfijatS-_______

small eomiMtrsd to tfaat of ftoolr* holders.

General BUectrio stock fell 6% points in the few days after the money-letting, which meant that the value of stockholders shares fell $684.19 mlUlOQ.

INVESTORS PAY CONSPIRACY PENALTY

The government levied a little under $2,000,000 In fines on officers of Westinghouse. General Electric and lesser empanJea ^Pepper BouJeiiftrd 8 tFQ_fOtiId and sent a small passel of them get enough money to postpone to jail. But their losses were a tax rise for a eoupit of years.

OLD PROMOTER OFFERS TAX-SAVING IDEAS

"I see that Frankie W. CUrks of Long Island' has invented an advertising sign to be attached to traffic lights, says a note from the Old Promoter. "It Will have a green advertising message when the light says 'ttopt* This inventor hays this wUl provide added revenue for cities and towns. 1

"If they need money that baa, why dont they sell adv^tising space on tiie front of the judges* benches? A lot of bail bondsmen Ive done businers with would gladly" pay fat fees for Such space.

"Or why not sell street names? By clianging the names of Gooseberry Lane, James Street and Flshbait Boulevard to Pepsi Lane. Coke Street ahd Dr.