Tuesday, Febiary 14, 1961

Tuesday,'February 14, 1961

Poses An Unhapip y Choice For Pitt

Reapportionment of the 170 seats in the North of the General Assembly.

Carolina General Assembly, if carried out solely on At present the 20 ej^tra" seats in the state House % Dopulation basis is npw proposed, would cut deeply of Representatives are distributed among 18 of the into the representation Pitt County has enjoyed in the staters 100 couilties. In addition to Pitt, other counties

CO Ttv

^ TO VISIT

legislature for a long period of years.

Pitt County, upder the propbsal, would find itself with'just about one-half the representation it now has in the General Assembly.

If the House of Representatives is represented under present proposals, Pitt County would lose one

which have two members in the House are Cabarrus, Cumberland, Durham, Gaston, Johnston, Robeson and Rowan. Buncombe, Forsyth and Wake have four each.

Under the present reapportionment plan, Mecklenburg, Cumberland, Alamance and Onslow, would pick up one representative each while Pitt, Buncombe, Cabarrus and Johnston would lose one representative

of it two seats in that body. On a population basis, number of counties with extra represen-

Pitt, County would be extremely unlikely to continue = j^e House would be reduced from 13 to 12,

as a senatorial district unto itself. In all probabality ^ '

Pitt and one other county would be combined to form

one senatorial district.^

Under such a set-up the districts senator would come from Pitt County one term, and from the other county the next term. " ,

lon^i

only^ree of which could be considered in the eastern section of tlie state. _

Reapportionment, before it is finally resolved, will present a difficult problem to the General Assembly. Particularly does it present a problem to a county such as Pitt, nd to an area such as Eastern Carolina,

Sassy Valentins, 1961

Kl*S

Aid To

?rivate

^^HOULDCHOOSV

Be SURE, IF He STARTS SHOUTIb*<i

TPht he

tjtonT tvAH 5tP OUR JULEP^I ^T $IN6 OUR Dm 9?^, ^AUSt ,ybu JOINEb THOSE

NO'THERN UB'RAt,

^ HE'PEl> EM I>o'U^

MR0N<S1

. Instead of having thre^seats in Raleigh each time sees-in reapportionment a serious threat to its

the legisTatiife" rohvene^'Titr wobld legist

- seat in the House every term, with a member^of the Senate being sent from Pitt during alternate .essions Of LumUmba IS

Qf UIMUMB^M^VUSU oft MOBUra

<n

N.G. Republican upsetting a World

HODefU.

C57hichver turn^ oirr

' TO BE

Party

AnouLft INVITE you . ^ back TO THE Cong a

l^T Go, IF

yoa PfNNtR,

<WnL E. Cobb. Ropublicaa State. Chaihnaa, fnest writer)

REPBUCAN PROGRAM The Republican Party of North Carolina has more reason to be encouraged for the future than It has in many past years.

In the' recent campaign we find that the Republican candidate for President garnered 47.89 per cent of the vote, which is the best recent record we have had, aside from th^ Eisenhower national landslide in 1956.

More significant was the race of the Republican candidate for Governor,- Robert ..L- Gavin, who got 45.47 percent of the total vote. This is a vast improvement over an3rthing seen during the lifetime of most North Caro-TTnian*.

, The Ninth and Twelfth Con-fressional Districts were very nearly carried by the Republican candidates . for Congress,

the fact

bnd the Tenth' was won by an overwhelming majority.

The tremendous basic Interest In the Republican Party of North Carolina was evidenced by the fact that we ran a full state ticket, Including two primary races, candidates for all twelve Congressional seats, and a record number of 75 candidates for the General Assembly.

Membership In the General Assembly is now 17, which is an Improvement over any election in recent years.

Post-election activitiy has been surprisingly energetic. Instead of complete dis-interest In politics, we have found Republicans and others requesting oUr month-wly Newsletter In great numbers. We f|nd that many of our weaker counties, particularly In Eastern North Carolina, are anxious to re-organise and elect more capable leadership.

The State Executive Committee is already preparing the Platform for 1962, and we are getting the active participation of those who have heretofore never been Interested In the Republican Party.

Against these signs of Republican resurgence are certain proWems that are difficult to overcome.

estimated at

substantial due to that the vast majority of federal employees are under Civil Service, It was helpful In forging a stronger organization In some counties. Federal patronage, of course, went over to the new Democratic administration.T'

More serious than that, however, is the great control the Democratic Party has over state employees. Since there is no Civil Service, and. deviation from the Democratic Pany can be reflected in economic reprisals.

Another area of concern. Is Ideological. The Republican Party is conservative nationally and tends to follow that same approach on the state and local levels. Because the Democratic Party has been conservative for the most part in North Carolina it is difficult for us to provide a clear-cut difference in the thinking ^f the_two parties. In general we" tend to spouse some more lil^ral approaches to major issues facing North Carolina, and particularly with reference to education.

No person of Integrity can defend our present Judicial system with such things as the North Carolina practice of nominating Judges by Districts and electing them by the State as a whole.

Likewise, the people are becoming aware that the nomination of members of Couitty Boards of Education on the lo-_cal level and then their election by the State as a whole Is directly contrary to the democratic process.

It Is evident that the Republican Party must develop its strength more on the basis of correcting the obvious abuses of the party in power rather than proposing any radical, liberal, or socialistic programs. The Republican Party can not draw to its ranks those who seek a political career for the purpose of personal gain, which may be a good thing.

But people of high ideals are becoming increasingly aware of the need for a two-party system in North Carolina and are finding a home and a welcome in the present Republican organization. As more and more North

A leant seven months ago few people outside a small group in the Belgium Congo had ever heard the name of Patrice Lumumba. .

Today news of his death has set the new Congolese nation ori~^the brink of bloody civil war that threatens to engulf the entire continent of Africa and bring the most powerful military forces of the world into direct conflict.

At the great forum of governments, the United Nations, all other matters of importance have been overshadowed by the grave threat to world peace the death of this man has cast about the globe. In capitalsHENRY HOWARD around the world power nations that this time last year gave little thought to the Congo are reviewing their f

,4tro

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Bur voure.no mttanoNmi

0 KEEF.VOR CHICKEN-PICKIN' HAMO^

FF OUR BFSe; GUAKUNAHOf

lAkiUlJ

foreign policies, carefully determining what courses they will follow as Lumumba the martjnr becomes in death a figure that may shape future events far beyond the Congo.

It Is almost unbelievable that such a thing could happen. And yet today it Is a grim reality with which about five or aix, came wander-thp world must live

me worm must iive. , The firat half had been quite a

The situation vividly illustrates that the world itrain on playera, coachea, fana, today is a small community in which an incident in refereeand youngaters. So this

'.?he Story In His Hand

He waa aitting there calmly at halftime laat night reating up a bit when thia little fellow.

any area, no matter how remote, may affect the whole aeemed kind of re

civilization. It shows clearly that in this day of a shrinking world, a man may moye from obscurity among his own people f'o a figure of international importance within the span of a few months.

Advanced though the world is in many respects, the Lumumba incident points up the fact that we are not yet prepared to cope with the swiftness with which international crisis can come upon us. The cumbersome machinery of diplomacy, the antiquated operation of international law, and even the modem United Nationsa product of the mid-Twentieth

Centuryare grossly inadequate in the face qf such rapidly developing

The controversy arid strife which boiled around this man Lumumba the last six months of his life, terrible thought it.was, may be only a taste of that which comes from his death.

Ueved at ihc brie# lull.

We noticed he had his little hand clenched tightly as If he were guarding something with hljB life.

As he sauntered up to us, I suddenly became quite interested in the way he grasped whatever It was.

The little fellow spilled out a dozen or so questions about this, that, and the other. His inquiring words all ran together and neither of us understood.

I said simply: Hows that?

He repeated every syllable in the same fashion and we were still at a Ib&s for having the slightest idea what he was talk

ing about What impressed me was his earnest tone of voice. I figured he was trying to find out something about 'the basketball game. Its quite a normal thing for various people to question a referee at half time, and otberwls.

I still watched that tightly-closed, fist. still wondering what he had that he so highly prized.

Finally he edged close to ys and semi-extended the small fist.

You know what I got right here? he asked gesturing with his hand. It suddenly dawned on me. He had been talking about his prize possession all the time.

Naturally, I had no idea what he was concealing and replied simply; No,

He sidled cautiously a little closer an, in a near-whisper, asked: /Do you know what tomorrow is?

Tuesday, isnt It? I said. '

He opened hia UtUe hand and revealed about a half-dozen of those tiny red cinnamon hearts you see so many of these days. They were beginning to melt in his little palm.

In reply to my answer he confided: I dont know about Tuesday, blit they all say Its Valentines Day.

You never know quite what to expect these days, /

Other Editors Saying .

While the Rip Van Winkle world rubbed "n J j. TT^ilrt sleep from its eyes, Lumumba sprang from obscurity'IjUlQQGI 1 Q.11S iViGGl wOCllo

to martyrdom. leaving the world to cope with ita new crisis as best it can.

r

1

Registration is

leas than 10 per cent Republican ^ *

In North Carolina, even though s Carolinians seek a more dedlcat-we are voting nearly half the ed and less wasteful govern

lOOK

Smiths

A Rest In

Domain

(Rocky Mount Telegram)

The new North Carolina budget is a record figure of $1.5

monition to hold the line on public school spending and expansion. Rather, the governor is

Some more informal discussion on that midnight television show (Jack Paars) last night had to do with somebodys collection of World War I military aircraft.

Emcee tried to convince the authoritative interviewee that an old U.S. training craft, called a Jenny, had been unstable in flight.

The authority thwarted all efforts by declaring the Jenny was indeed noted for its remarkable stability In the early dayi

of flying. ... X..

Emcee had contended the plane in flight had always displayed a jCQhstant urge to go into a tallspin.

We flgured maybe he was trying to get to the origin of an old expressionSpinning Jenny.

We wondered, too.

billion, but it does not satisfy taking the stand that the budget

electorate for certain offices.. More recent registrations indi-cata-that the Republican Party Is giftting close to a third of the total, but we find this inadequate to meet the demands for Internal leadership, and for candidates for public office.

Our greatest weakness is within the legal profession. Young lawyers are very he.sltant to became known Republicans and thus suffer the lack of state patronage that comes their way as Democrats.

Though federal patronage in North Carolina was never very

Party

ment, the Republican Shan continue to grow.

The history of the State has shown that relative stagnation exists under extended one-party rule. Despite grandiose claims of the majority party, the record now shows that North Carolina ranks among the lowest of the state in most categories. but Ls high in crime, illegitimacy, illiteracy and taxes.

These needs conform to the goals of the Republican Party in North Carolina,

They also assure its ultimate victory, I

The Dsdly Reflector

* t

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By JA.MES MARLOW WASHINGTON (AP) - President Kennedy and hia wife spent the weekend in Virginias hunt countir the home territory .of Howard W. Smith, a sharp-eyed banker and one of'the shrewdest men in Congress.

Just two weeks ago Kennedy was barely' able to chase Smith up a congressional tree.

Smith, a House member for 30 years and set in his ways, represents a district which includes Middleburg, where the Kennedys leased a 400-acre estate for weekend getaways. 45 miles from Washington.

Middleburg, also set in its ways and with a large distaste for being disturbed. Is in an area said to contain more millionaires than any section of the country.

Kennedy is a millionaire, too, but a lot of his neighbors are Republicans,

Before the Kennedys settled down in Middleburg the Presidents pre.ss secretary. Pierre Salinger, confided to newsmen: I think the Important thing we want to keep in mind here Ls the real desire of the President ftnd Mrs. Kennedy t^ preserve

and more than a score of newsmen, photographers and Kennedy "staffers. taking up all the room in the two small hotels.

Kennedys real reasoi> for taking out after Smith was a case of who corners whom.

Smith is chairman of the House Rules Committee which, through a combination of Southern Democrats headed by Smith and conservative Republicans, in the past could kill legislation that conservatives disliked by bottling it up.

This would have meant gloomy days for Kennedys program unless he got the whole House tp change the committee makeup by adding some not-so-conserva-tive members to smother Smith and his friends.

This Is what Kennedy and his friends tried. They went through the congressional meadows for people to line u]^ with them

Gov. Terry Sanford insofar as his ambitious school program is concerned. The bhdget is not Sanfords work, but rather that of the Advisory Budget Commission and former Gov. Luther Hodges. Sanford has had some nice things to say aabout it but he minced no words in letting it be known that it is not his budget, nor does It meet his demands for the much-needed school improvements for North Carolina.

A look at the figures supports Sanfords position. For example, the budget provided for $442 million for public schools, about $40 million less than requested. Since the new budget would give the schools 67 per cent of the. general fund appropriations, as compared with 70 per cent during the current biennium, it is obvious Sanford is losing ground In his school fight.

The United Forces for Educations $106 million program for increased teacher pay and other items was trimmed to $40 million. Salary increases under the new budget total $31 million, permitting a 10 per cent raise. The schools entire 'A' budget request of $338 million to con-

while iSmith and his friends did tinue existing services was rec-

the character of this particular area of Virginia so that life can continue In Its own uni^urrled way,

Things got a little hurried, though, what with linemen laying telephone and telegraph lines

the same on their side.

In the end, Kennedy won but by only five votes, hardly a smashing triumph for a new president. The undaunted Smith must have figured things might get better if the House gets some new members In the 1962 election.

He gave his new committee members stiff backed 'chairs, guessing out loud they wouldnt be around long enough to need cumforuibie ones.'

ommended. But in the B budget. where the bulk of the teacher pay requests lay, only $33 million was recommended.

In Sanford^'s message to the General Assembly he said the budget had - no implied ad-

will serve as a line of departure from which the new administration will move to the objective of quality education to meet the demand of a rapidly advancing, changing, scientific, complex world.

The General Assembly now is awaiting Sanfords more detailed message at some date in the near future on expanding the educational program of the state. He will offer specific recommendations for the school program, as well as listing new sources of revenue to finance the program.

The consensus is that Sanford is not too disappointed in the budget, since its not his baby and he could hardly expect the Advisory Budget CommLssion and Luther Hodges to mold financial proposals greatly different than those offered earlier during the Hodges administration.

The General Assembly members were impressed with Sanfords presentation. As for most of them, they seem to be willing to go along with most of his future requests as long as they are reasonable. One thing is being borne out each day: Gov. Sanford is deadly serious when it comes to his program of school improvements for North Carolina. It was the major item in all his political campaigns last year, an^^hus far, as governor, those campaign statements are proving to be more than political ammunition.

Opinions

Brief

The ftmaoo historian Toynbee In. discussing the fall of civilizations, tells how these people failed because they were rot able to adapt to their environment, they were unwling to change or could not change to meet new conditions. One wonders how much the poverty of the South Is due to the fact that Its leaders were unwilling* or could not face reality.^The Warren Record.

The Castro government has .sometimes tried to twi.st asylum for its outcasts Into aid for Ita enemies, but that explanation simply does not fit. intervention the United States must avoid. Refuge for the homeless and tempest-tossed is the invitation on the Statue of Liberty.St. Louis Post-Dispatch.

A on labor legislation

by a national private research organization came up with these surprising results: 62 per cent of a cross section of Americans questioned believe unions should be brought under anti-trust laws; 63 per cent of union members polled favored close regulation of unions by the gov- * emment.National Review.

By GEORGE E. WKOLSKY

Copyright, 1961, King Peaturea Syndicate, Inc.

William J. Ryan, Sr., of Broofc lyn write me;

"Mr. Sokolsky, many of u would appreciate an article or two by you on the question of public, funds to aid private (sectarian) education,*-. .

Nothing in the Constitution says anything about the separation of Church and State. Not one word appears either in the bbdy of the Constitution or in its Amendments which can be correctly construed as limiting education to a secular curriculum. The only reference to the ; subject Is in the First Amendment which contains the clause:

Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or m*(^biting the fr^ exercise thereof;. .

'The term, an establishment of a religion, taken In its meaning when the Constitution was written, can only-refer to an established church, namely, one that is recognized as offl-cial. say. such as the Anglican Church in Great Britain, the Roman Catholic Church in Brazil, Judaism in Israel. The term has nothing to do with the free exercise religion by citizens who may accept any church of their choice and change from one religion to another. Nor does it In any way forbid a state to establish a religion as the State of Massachusetts taxed its citizens to support the Congregational Church up to 1833. In fact, it has generally been held that religion is a matter for each state and not for the Federal Government to deal with. Sunday-closing laws are therefore passed or not passed by State Legislatures not by' Congress; released time for public school pupils to be educated in the religion of their forebears is & state not a national issue. Had the Mormons not got into a controversy with the Federal Government over bigamy, Utah could have had a state religion.

Religious Institutions appeared at the very beginning of our history. The Episcopalians were here in 1607; the Roman Catholics in 1539; the Jews In 1654. The Congregfttionaliste who became so important in New England appeared in America in 1620 and the Methodists in 1766.

The term separation of Church and State has gained excessive currency In recent years. Most of our early universities were established by-religious groups, some to train their clergymen. Prior to the Revolutionary War, all the colleges and universities in America had been established by Protestant churches. In 1791, a Catholic college was established in Georgetown, which is now part of Washington, D.C., by Archbishop John Carroll of Maryland. The right of religious denominations to establish their own universities has never been questioned since the Dartmouth College case in 1819, In which the Chief Justice, John Marshall, held that a charter given to college could not be transformed by acts of the State Legislatures.

This decision has never been changed either by oonstkutional Amendments or legislative action. Chancellor James Kent said of this case;

. . .did more than any other single act proceeding from the authority of the United States to throw an impregnable barrier around all rights and franchises derived from the grant of government; and to give solidity and inviolability to the literary, charitable, religious, and conunerclal Institutions of our country.

Since then, however, s<Mne of the sectarian universities such as Columbia which was Episcopalian or Prlneton-which was Presbyterian have become secular institutions. However, the Roman Catholics have eetaUlsb-ed a large number of universities such as Fordham. Notre Dame. Villanova, etc. etc. The Jews have established Yeshlva University In New York.

All schools, colleges and universities. secular or denominational. are usually subsidized by both the state and Federa governments by being exempted from taxation. Without this exemption, these Institutions could not exist. Such large contributors to education as the various foundations usually do not discriminate against schools or cpUeges because of their religious or non-rellglous affiliations. .

* (Continued on pate fhre) J

; A New Labe'.

r

tair iraae

1

I

Strenath For Today

By EARL L. DOUGLASkS ^ WE NEED THE POSTIVE APPROACH

Do we have to eat again? How often many of us say this, especially late Sunday afternoon as we recall the hearty dinner we had at noon. Tens of thousands of our contempo-^arlfcs drop dead every year

Ford was a great man,^ for many reasons, but chiefly' because ol hLs Insistence that there Is no such thing as over-production, only under - consumption. The thing we need to do to solve the hunger problem oi the world Ls not to reduce our population but to Increase our food supply. And this we can do

from' heart attacks Induced b4|P This old planet of ours can

over-eating, yet there are millions. of people throughout the world who from the day of birth to the day 6f death never have their moderate appetites appeased. They always go to bed hungry. There is simply not enough food to go around.

One of the ways suggested to meet this problem is by curtailing the growth of populatiojfl. But thia Is a negative and there-

sustaln bllhon.s more Inhabitants than it now does and it would be a better world for the increase. not a poore world. ^ Let us stop thinking negatively on this and other problems. Let us not try to rid ourselves of problems but to .solve them. We live in the most wonderful ag* humanity has ever known; surely we can teed the hungry row that we have learned how

fore A wrong approach. Henry ^ to produce abundance.

By ELMER ROESSNER Fair Trade, pretty Well trampled by judicial feet, has been revived, given transfusions and offered to America as quality stabilization.

Fair Trade is a palatable name for price 'fixing. Manufacturers wishing to protect themselves and their retailers from price competition, have persuad-ed most states, with Federal consent, to ehact laws permitting them to fix retail prices of their products.

Most of these laws depend on nonslguer clauses 'for effectiveness. They provide that if manufacturer A signs a price agreement withretailer B. oth-, er retailers from C through Z must sell at the same price.

This provision so clashes With *^ the Anglo-Saxon concept of Justice that the laws have been declared unconstitutional In about half the states in which they were passed In the rest of the. states, such laws were not en

acted, or are being thwarted by dl.scounters.

QUALITY STABILIZATION

Now e new effort to foist price-fixing on customers has been launched. The generator is John W. Anderson of Gary, Ind., head of the Anco windshield wiper blade manufacturing company. former president of the National Patent Council and active in Fair Trade campaigns. He has established the Quality Brands Associates of America, Inc.. with John Lewis, another fair trade bunny, as executive swretary-.^

The orgntzatlonTias opened an office In New York under the direction of R.J'. Seifert, and another in Washington under Merritt Freeman, each titled executive aSsista'iil.

The qualify stabilization.

idea is ingenious, but it ends' up in price fixing. The Q.B A.A. holds that a trademark l.s a property right, which no one disputes, and that a manufacturer ie tqUlled to defend that

property In rtiany ways* STABIUZE means FK"

Under the proposal, trademarks would get greater protection. Deceptive advertising involving the trademark would be illegal. Other safeguards would be set up. And on top of all this, the manufacturer would be authorized to stabilize or fix the retail price of his product if he wished. No contracts, no nonsigner clauses would be involved. Furthermore, his fixed price would apply in all states, even those that have refused to enact fair trade laws.

Ji would be the simplest, brcfadest and most effective way of fixing prices ever attempted.

Mr. Andersons Congressman. Ray Madden -(D., Ind.). has introduced a bill in Congress; H.R. 116, to provide for quality stabilization. He .said the bill is not In any sense a fair trade bill and docss npt resemble or provide for the now repudiated state-by-state contract sys

tem of fair trade. ^

Under the Quality Stabilization Bill, when enacted, each manufacturer will be tree to choose whether to stabilize hia price as a means of restoring and improving quality, or to rely primarily on price alone to attract customers.^ Wholeaal-ers, retailers and consumers would be free to choose between price-fixed goods and, as Mr. Madden said, a cheaply made, low-priced product.

- 1116 Congressman said, Hundreds of smaller manufacturers of trademarked products have been forced to close their factories or downgrade the quality of their products to suit discounters as a means of staying in bus!-Iness.

He also made this remarkable

statement;

Enactmnt of this Quality Stabilization legislation will contribute more toward restoring employment than any other legislation that can be enacted at this session of Congress.