FHE DAILY REFLECTOR. GREENVILLE, N. C

Tuesday January 24;

Tuesday, January 24, 1961

Perennial Rookie

Clearing Atmosphere On Summits

If the four bsic points President Kennedy made faith. He likewise made it clear that he feels the in his inaugural address^ regarding top level confer- ^;nited ^utes and its aU any

enoes on international affairs serve as the guide for moment to negotiate

munist? will find the posi- they will not be coerced into negotiations out of fear.

his administration, the com tion of the United States changed from one of defensive maneuvers to one of offensive maneuvers in this important realm of international relations.

The foUr basic points made by the new P-reaident go a long way toward clearing the atmosphere concerning possible summit conferences.

President Kennedy said: 1. civility should not be considered by either side as a sign of weakness on the part of the other; 2. that sincerity is ajvyays subject to proof: 3. that the Uiyted States will not negotiate out of fear; and 4. that neither will this country fear to negotiate.-

. This positive statement by the President at the outset of his term in office should leave no question in the minds of Soviet leaders about what he means. The President has indicated flatly that U.S. efforts . lowArd-ifiSoIying wqrlfl problems have not been made

It should not be Surprising if Premier Khrushchev displays a much more cordial attitude toward Presi-. dent Kennedy than he has toward President Eisen hower since the U-2 incident last May, It is to be ex-

VliC^V - ' - ----------

mit conference will come about quickly, if they have not already been made through diplomatic channels. Neither should it be surprising if President Kennedy agrees to a summit conference, but not before adequate groundwork -for such a conference has been made at lower diplomatic levels and some hope for genuine progfess is indicated.

Also, we believe, the Soviet Premier will find the young President of the United States a tough person when it comes to face-to-face negotiations. He will also find the new President difficult to out-maneuver so far as propaganda campaigns in connection with

^nL.lSSiymg wor a prooiems n> e nuj ueen i^vel negotiatidns is concerned,

from a position of military weakness. He has Irkewi^ . . _ a 1

indicated that more w'ords of sincerity are not suffi-* This, plus'the fact that the United .states nas-

cidr^n'* rnternational negotiations unless they ^are stronger overall team for Joreign policy in the new 1*,^^ .___rrrtrtz-l y-JinictfJf 1 rvn cVinnlH stanH ''i.hls nation i

backed up by actions whfch indicate genuine good administration, should stand this natmh and the free - ' world in goocT stead in the months ahead.

At least at the outset of his administration, the new President has taken the offensive in the field of foreign affairs rather than waiting to react to what-ever action may be taken by the Soviets.

,ots Of Voting

In Months Ahsod National Scope For

Hodges Imagination

Bt JOHN MSBET

VOTING It will be nearly four years before another election Is held for naming a Pre-s-Ident of the United States or a Governor of North Carolina, and tao years before the election of representapvess in the General Assembly and the Congress. It wdl not be anything like that long before vitally important elections will be held. A number of communities have special elections coming up on b<md issues. ABC stores, and other local matters. Among the most important of these is the plebiscite scheduled in Durham county on January 28 on the question consolidating the governments of the city and county. 0

During April. May and June of this year some 400 municipalities in North Carolina will elect local governing boards. These boards constitute the area of government closest to the people, and for that reason may be rrrore important than aGov* ernor or President. One vote is valuable in any election, as was demonstrated by the narrow margin by which President Kennedy won in November. Obviously the smaller the unit and the less number of total votes, the more valuable one ballot assumes. A plurality or a majority of one in a milbon votes is as Important as a majority of one In a small town election where less than 500 ballots are cast, but its percentage value Is much less.

All of which would seem to JustiJfy reproducing essentially the same story written for this column some three yeans ago about the history of the ballot the development of democratic control of government through expression of popular opinion.

SECRECY The vital importance of mans right to express his opinion by vote has been recognized since te beginning of recorded hi^tory^'r-lt is the basis of all democratic law. It is the basic factor which makes it possible for men- to live together.

For almost as long it has been recognized that some measure of secrecy was necessary if the voter was to exercise his choice freely and without fear of reprisal. There is record that aome 2hO years before beginning of the Christian era the Romans had a form of secret ballot: and ancient Athenians, who Insisted on open voting in most instances permitted secret balloting when the fate of persons was involved such as sentences of death or exile.

In those long ago years votes were cast by different shaped hells or different colored balls. The colored ball system has

surrived until today, and Is commonly used in fraterdal organizations where members can anonymously exclude an applicant by depositing a black ball in the box.

Colored balls, different shaped bullets, grains of corn and beans were used in early American colonial elections. The fu-st recorded use of a written ballot was in Salem, Massachusetts, in 1962, and it was many years after that before voting by the papers" became standard practice. As population grew and government became more complex, it was impractical to write names of desired officials on pieces of paper. -?ustom developed for political parties to nominate candida^\|^ to provide prifated bUots which the voter could check. Individual candidates and party organizations began to use different size or color of paper for the oallots. That meant that mere picking up of a ballot disclased the Intent of the voter

Some

iiving Past

By GEORGE ET 8K0LSKY

Copyright. lUfll. King Features

Syndicate, Inc. --------

Every day I set a letter from

the feature of secrecy.

UNIFORMITY Demands for election reform led some 20 years ago to adoption by North Carolina of the Australian ballot system First used in Australia more than 100 years ago, it provided for uniform size and style of printed ballots, with all names ILsted in the same kind of type. The record is that this method was first used in the United States in a Louisville, Kentucky, city election in 1888. It since has been adopted in principle by nearly every State.

That system solved a lot of problems, but not all of them. There remained the question of party affiliation, the participation in Democratic nominating primaries by persons who really belonged in the Republican party.

MACHINES Uniforms color, size and style of ballots and the enclosed voting booths went a long way toward affording secrecy. No one except the voter can know how many Issues or candidates he votes on. or how he votes. The machine has the further advantage of immediate accurate tabulation of results, eliminating the danger of honest error or intentional miscounting of ballots.

Most of the larger cities have voting machine.s, and many of the smaller precincts. The original cost of installing voting machines is considered prohibitive in some counties. So is the central always open system of registration, which only a few counties now use. Advocates of the plans insist that savinp.s in time will in the long run more than compensate for the original fxprn.se.

Now that former Governor Luther Hodges has officially taken up his new duties as Secretary of

Commerce, his imaginative approach to boosting the gy DON SCHLIEjNZ economy of a given area takes on a national scope. .

A.s governor of North Carolina, Hodges made the \]\/ O 1 Z*

primary concern of his administration the strengthen- y y vZy.... V V i 1 X

ing of the Tar Heel ecenomy through developing home-grown industry and attracting new. manufactur-

ing plants. As Secretary of Commerce he will have a yes, I was late to work Mon-

major part of the new administrations responsibility day morning. . .just overslept,

for boosting the economy of the nation, keeping it on clw

a..sourid fooling. and coping with the chronic problems presumably kicked off at their which pop up in various sections of the country. usual hour but I didnt hear

1-1. , tbeir racket.

'' Many of the idea.s and techniques which he u was the two young mem-

applied to boo.^ting North Carolinas economic situa- ters of the family who dlsturb-

tion. Secretary Hodges will b3 able to apply as he ap- eye|"^fJiiowed'^by a sh^kS

proaches national problems. While North Carolina may summons from my helpmate

, .1 t benefit by .having its former governor at the head of who i^latediy saw the *4^

clased the in- x, T^ i. r ia,^i too high for what should have

Sid dftitrnypd the Dcpflrtrnsnt of Comrnerce, it is Jikely that Hodges 6:45 a.rn.and wasc't.

will encourage other states to follow the intensive so yours truly reached his

program of boosting its own economy that he used in desk at 8:45 a.m. instead of the

North Carolina. This in itself may bring about a great-

er competitive situation in the quest for industry

among the states than now exists.

If on the national level, Hodges can bring about an improvement in the climate conducive to economic development to the degree that he did in North Carolina, he will make an important contribution to the econbmy of the nation.

And while we're on the subject, if theres a crumbled corner on the stairway, it may be where I clipped it en route to the news room. I remember hitting some

thing.

Now you know, and I know, this late-to-work routine happens just about once every two years; and you can count on a good excuse from me any time you choose to ask.

My Monday morning story actually began with Saturdays big effort to get away early (which failed); waiting in line for a tonsorial trim: an inspection of the AFROTC drill team marching near the courthouse; and finally what was supposed to be my lunch-hour.

Sundry things came Up befon going to the ball out at the Moose Lodge that night, and when that ended we took a sort of detour before reaching home.

Then Sundays schedule called for an early arising (before my sleep quota was met), and

breakfast and varied activities before dinner.

Incidentally, they had a whale of a lot of visitors in town for the Legion Ceremonial. Many brought their wives along , and Im here to tell you ihat big

New Frontier Is

Other Editors Saying . To Cross County Lines?

inked r o

?ast

W ...

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Bv JAMES MARLOW

WASHINGTON (AP) Pres-ident Kennedy, a student of both history and the presidency, is credited with having written a cla.ssic in his inaugural address-

But his real achievement perhaps was that while he managed to convey a feeling of newness and a new approach to peace his words demonstrated his own sense of continuity with men who preceded him.

Lest the rest of the world get the notion America is fat and tired, he said, The torch has been pa.ssed to a new generation of Americans.

And indeed it has. to such a degree that American leadership now is the youngest of any major power. The leaders of Russia. Red China, Britian, Prance and West Germany are old or aging.

But his use of the word generation has a special meaning for those American.s who were alive and listening when President Franklin D. Roosevelt In the crisis of the depression said his generation has a rendezvous with destiny.

Kennedy made no such hopeful promise for his generation.

He said in the presidential campaign he did not know what

generation do I foresee the time when a strong military potential will not be needed to back up our diplomacy.

Kennedy did not get that blunt in the inaugural speech.

But his viewslike those of Presidents Truman and Eisenhower before himare the same as Forrestal.s as he showed during the presidential campaign when he said: Peace requires an American defense pasture strong enough to convince any potential aggressor that war would be a mistake. Thus means we must have a military force second to none Perhaps the most memorable, phrase Kennedy has uttered since accepting the Democratic presidential nomination last siunmer was his vision of the New Frontiers facing America.

Here again he had a direct link with the past. He was not the first president to think in terms of American frontiers.

Just as Kennedyvdwclt on the need for peace, .so did Eisenhower . in his second inaugural address In 1957 when he talked of building a "peace with Justice In a world where moral law prevails. -

Kennedy last Friday, calling world to CO-

the 1960s. I

hard times in the internationaJ bperafe m tne for p

(Washington Daily News)

Proposed school consolidations over North Carolina today do not offer complete solutions to our educational problems. While many problems might be settled or improved through consolidation. it stands to reason that in many given school districts and m many given counties, the prob-lenxs are nowhere near to settlement.

While in Beaufort county at this very moment, we talk about a three-school consolidation involving high schools at Bel-haven, Pantego, and Bath, we must not forget that Auroras children are just as important to this county and this state as tho.se of any other community.

If we are to talk in terms of consolidation, with whom would Aurora consolidate? The sensible course, we feel, would be to build a bridge across the Pamlico river near Core Point or South Creek.

Then we still hear talk about proposed consolidation in Hyde county. In truth, under the terms for a well planned school, consolidation in Hyde county would still leave one high school far short of the minimum requirements for a good high school.

Some people in Hyde county who now say they realize that consolidation is bound to come one day, Just wonder what form that consolidation will take. They are asking this question. Will It possibly be a consolidation of all the high schools in both Hyde and Tyrrell counties? Even if the high school stu-

class. But the ata^ of North Carolina must-noU^d cannot adhere strictly to^umbers In planning the educational future. Distances must be taken into consideration, and distances must not be so great as to work undue hardships upon the boys and girls who must travel by school buses to classes.

We are not acquainted with any cases in North Carolina today where two counties have consolidated schools into one central district school. As we nave said so many times, what is best for the students involved is the one and only test. This test must be applied rigidly.

What the people themselves decide In the matter of consolidation should be a decision based purely and simply on what is best for the boys and girls and on nothiqg else.

If machinery is set up whereby the governor and the State Board of education can order consolidations, then surely well see more of them within the next four years.

Some people now seem to feel that area schools, even areas crossing county lines, might be the answer. The important factors outside the pupils themselves are distances, curricula, and facilities. There can be no set formula which can be applied in all cases.

North Carolina is likely to see education values change greatly in the near future. The pace seems to have been set. The wheels seem now to be In motion. Just what form consolida-

hall was crowded.

The Missus and I didnt break away until mid-afternoon when we had to plck.up the kids farmed out with some understanding kin. It took some time to pry them away, and dark had fallen by the time we wheeled into the old homestead.

Being conscientious, I settled down to the typewriter for a literary contribution to the paper; but it turned out to be slow work, being interrupted several times to catch a highlight on a TV show. Too, my eyes were inclined to close; and there was a sort of a nervous letdown after so much socializing and not so mych sleep. Lets face it. I was ^ayed out.

For the record. I did nish up my typing and made only three ghastly errors, then fell on my bed. I counted no sheep. I remember nothing after my shoes hit the floor.

There followed the rude awakening. late, Monday morn.

Writing all this Inspires no regrets. In a manner of speaking, the weekend was so enjoyable that Im toying with the thought of doing it more often. . .maybe once a year, or so. Of course such a routine might reqdlre my keeping an extra razor in the desk drawer, but could do.

This recitation was intended to fill you in on the whys and wherefors of my being late to work Monday morning. You might not have known about it otherwise- . .you hadnt shown up at the office, yourself, by the time I did.

Did you have a good time, too?

*0T ^ ,

or thereabouts and refuses face the very simple and unpleasant... fact of 1961. Such persons remind me of those brilliant mlnd in Wall Stret in 1929'who. bilieving that the sky is the llmH, committed suicide when the aky fell down on them.

The'first problem that President Kennedy and this nation, face is the dollar and our \om of gold. This is more Important than any other queaUon because as our dollar loses to value, ev-erything we do or try to do goes awry. For instance, the cost of defense rises as the value. of the doUar goes down and the cost of keeping ind ba^

goes upbeyond our capacity to find the., funds.' jiarticularly if our so-call(fd allies conUnuc to build tbelr fol3 reserves at our expense. Only the Britiah have recognized the .seriousness of this problem and have come through it with devotion and purpose. Italy. West Germany and Japan have been pounding our gold reserve greedUy. It is questionable as to whether what they have done wlU ultimately redound to their benefit.

The Kennedy Administration faces the doUar as the most urgent problem, although it Js un-dersUndable that Congress will not consider it so because Amer-leans have had no experience with Inadequate currency sines the War Between the States and therefore cannot get away from the simplicity that a dollar is 100 cents, 20 nickeli or 10 dimes. But even on that formula, what is a nickel worth?

In this respect the Kenned: Administration starts where the Hoover Administration started. Hoover took office on March 4. 1929: the stock market collapse occurred in October, 1929 Actually, such a debacle took a long time in the making. The worldwide financial difficulties of that

REMEMBER THOSE YOU LOVED WITH A MEMORIAL GIFT TO THE

sphere.

Because this is probably a conviction wlth,,him, it explains why ^ he said in his Inaugural that the work ahead will not be finished In the life of this administration. nor even perhaps in our lifetime on this planet.

His words were almost Identical with a man of a generation between him and Roosevelt Defense Secretary James V. Forrestalwho. looking ahead in 1948. said: Not in our lifetime, or in that of the next

suggested creating balance of power world of law.

not

but

^acer-^ denta these

new

new

Quote...

should one day consolidate, we doubt that such a consolidation would give the one school 1(X) seniors which is the minimum set down today as a graduating

big job ahead. And the one great and most important consideration is the student himself. And It 'must remain thgt way.

era were first apparent in 1921 and the first country to be hit was Japan. The chain of econ omic disturbances moved from country to country with dramatic impetus and finally hit the United States. The London Economic Conference was called in 1933 to deal with the , questibn of money and gold and to set, if possible, a universal price of gold. Roosevelt and Henry Mor-genthau, Jr., torpedoed the Conference and that was the end of economic sanity for Europe.

Today, President Kennedy is faced by a similar situation. He walked in on an inflation, which is sharp and moving rapidly. His Secretary of the Treasury, Douglas Dillon, must stick his finger in the dike to keep our gold from continuing to flow out of the country. He will have to take unpleasant measures to keep .our gold reserves sufficient to cover our dollar, to keep the value of our dollar up in the world, and to keep our people at work so that the social and financial problems of unemployment do not complicate the American economy at the beginning of a new Administration.

Many who regard themselves as conservatives do not recognize the seriousness of this particular problem. They keep harping on Lssues which are not urgent and ignore the frigntening possibility that the capitalist system could collapse in this country with the collapse of the dollar. One listens to all sorts of panaceas from devaluation to taking the gold reserve off dollars, but none of the proposed suggestions mean anything of significance. The Treasury must find a solution to the problem of the seeping gold and the debasing dollar within the framework of the American economy without increasing unemployment.

This is no childs game. It takes absolute expert knowledge and enormous imagination. There are in the United States, men whose business is gold, who watch every fluctuation in price, in quantity, In the movement of gold, who can tell instantly where every pound of gold is situated, who watch every operation in this field.

Douglas Dillon knows where men are, who they are, what they do. Because of his experience, he undoubtedly knows the British. Dutch and South African c^peratora aa> wtU aa Uje. Amer? leans. To my knowledge, at least one of the largest American gold ^ operators and an expert in the * (Ccmtinued on Page 6)

Unle.'s greater effort is made to revive laiterest In agriculture In capable young men, the future of farming will indeed be bleak.Mattoon (111.) Jonrnal-Oazette.

^Retailers Maior Problems For 1961

Strength For Today

By EARL L. DOUGLASS WHO WILL EVERY KNOW?

A college professor 1 know was building his own summer house with the aid of an old carpenter. At one point the professor went ahead on his own and put up some studding for a wall in a very haphazard and unsatlsfac-tory way. When the old man who was working for him rcturn-

Who will ever know? is a principle on which too many people base their integrity They are willing to be honest as long as someone Is watching. ' But when there Is a chance to do something not quite right that will never come to light, tbty are willing enough to do it.

Of course, the kind of integrity that depends on Who will ever know? Ls not real Integrity.

By ELMER ROESSNER

Retailers top problems this year, according to an annual survey by J. Gordon Dakins, vice president of the National Retail Merchants Association, are:

1. Ekpcnse reduction.

'2. Downtown revitalization.

3. Threatening extension of Federal wage-hour laws to retailing.

4. Finding competent personnel.

Mr. Dakins added; There is. too. a feeling that the country is over-stored, particularly with reference to shopping centers. One typlcsl store head complained: We have more shopping centers than the area an

MEMBER ASSOCIATED PRESS rhe Associated Press Is excluslvejy entitled to use for publloatloB all news dlsatches credited to It oi not otherwise credited to title

the told nrofessor that -------- ---------- ___

publication of special dispatches here'ara alao reserved. ihey would liave to t t^e.

those studs and do the Job over.- except while he Is teing y,atch- planning stage ^Why? the profe.ssor a.skcd.

Well be ooverlnH -them over with a wail Who will ever know?

The old man started right In io knock out the bad sUida. Iil know, be replied

eel cannot actually be trusted at

aU.

The man with real integrity, does not do things that have to be hidden because he knows that he cannot hide them from his strictest Judgehimself.

WORKERS WANT MORE Rising labor costs were often mentioned in oonnvctlun with the fourth point.

Executives participating in the survey, when asked about what lines management should take to

preserve profits, centered on four points: greater volume, better turnover, lower expenses and reduced markdown. Not mort than two percentage points separated the number who gave those ^answers.

One store in eight said higher , markons were needed to protect profit protection; one in 16 said stores should Insist on present discounts.

Stores appeared frustrated and baffled by the problem of cutting expenses. Sopoe favored holding down overtime; others mentioned sayings on various services and supplies. Some art trying charges for gift wrapping and other special services! MULTIPLE . RE.SPONSIBIL-

- prodqwhk"

~tty. from the management level to the stockroom, is a common objective, Mr. Deklns reported. One store, for instance, is looking for higher-clase sale.speople who can and will take on multiple \rc5ponsibilUles, rather than

hiring specialists in unit control, stock marketing, procedures, etc.. while salesgirls stand idle.

Many storea said they were using more pkit-tlme employees, reducing overtime work, converting more departments to self-service and installing automatic da^ systems.

Many stores are concerned with margins markons and markdowns. as the nomenclature goee in the department etore field. Many said they are increasing markons. Markdowns, most itoras Implied, were their own responsibility.. Tney Involve buying closer to consumer demand. selective buying, careful 'Stock checking, better timing and more frequent market trips.

-Dnfe-^eiope eetotiew

markdown problem is: Buy

early, get out early and use customer order plans tor. fringe items. . ^

Mr. Daklrw added: "With a new administration taking over in'Washington, for the first time

In eight years, t will be more urgent than ever for retailers to make their views known in the nations'capital.

His remarks are given considerable space here because they are significant for retailers in all other fields*

STACCATO NOTES IN THE BUSINESS SYMPHONY All the gold in the world Is worth only |40 billion, half the annual U.S. budget, the Morgan Guaranty Survey estimates. . . Pltncy-Bowes. Stamford, Conn.. offers a tm money-saving booklet enutled How Do You Measure Up on Postal Know-How?. . Wall-to-wall carpeting in executive suites is helping the carpet Industry. New carpeting w0A-a-erperUon Jtaa ibais an executives raise. . .A mut for ambitious bank Juniors is Investment Portfolio In .the Commercial Batik. by Roger A. Lyon: 210 pages. $4.50, by Rutgers Press, New^ Brunswick, N< J.