fACE FOUR,THE DAILY REFLECTOR. GREENVILLE, N. C.

Monday, January 9, 1961

Monday, Janualy 9, 1961

Executive Suite

Yes, Virginia, The Office Is Busy

It's diffiteult to pin down, but one can sens^an. attitude or atmosphere suggesting thict. in these last weeks of President Eisenhowers trm "of office that the country is. near-leaderless . . . coasting . to the time of inaugurating a new president.

> That atStude^i^m'^iTdr need 4or

not coasting during the days of trouble in Laos,* the |

the widest. possible lattitude in establishing himself as president in terms of public acceptance at the moment of inauguration.

Cuban problem xnd the continuing round of diplomatic and governmental problems at home

^_______________ and abroad..

Somebody" must make decisions in ea^h of the multitude of everj^day functions of government.

M that only the; president can

make; mere momentum will not suffice.'

Generally speaking, Mr. Eisenhower hs hoseh to remain weil in the background these days. He is quoted by the press (when quoted) as speaking through his press secretary. His public appearances now are relatively rare; speeches, even more rare.

The President will not be giving his State of the Union Message in person . . . thats a measure of self-effacement he has chosen.

Its as though he is anxious to give his successor

Sanford ,Jh No

, This is speculation of course, b"ut we feel there is a closeness . an affinity . . , between departing presidents and their successors the rest of us seldom encounter in our lifetimes. For the one there is a welcome relief of shedding burdens we can only guess at; and sympathy fur the new chief of statoyrrborn of the regponsibiliti^ knd experiences w^e are unlikely to ever Icnow. ^

. Mi^isenhowen is quoted as having said I have been msinformd about that young man, following a ppst-electioh meellhg with John F. Kennedy. We re left to presume that comment implies a sort of personal benediction on Eisenhow'ers successor; but regardless, the presidents behavior in recent weeks has all the aspects of a parting gesture toward the future Chief of State.

For this, and any considerations shown the incoming president, all Americans can be properly gratefuL For Mr. Kennedy wdll be President of all Americans, not some. ^ *

BiU so far 'as America being leaderless in this pre-inaugural period . . . its an illusion. We have a President these days, in'every sense of the word.

Citizens Should Now

/ By LYNN NISBET

OMISSIONReporters following the advance script of Gov-crm* Sanford's Inaugural address as he dehyered it were struck by the omission of two _ or throe sentences In the oral delivery which were in the ad-" vanee textand so got into most ot the news stones. The text had this; "For many years our progress was impeded by the shackles of inadequate capital, the limitations of an economy in which agriculture was not sufficiently matched with bigh-wage Industry, and the ov-TWhPlmlng nhKtarl of inad-OQuate timnspoitao facflili That sounded a bit like criticism of past administrations, and the new Governor was not in the mood to criticize anybody.

ON THE JOBRegular working hours for State employ^es^ are 8:30 to 5:30, Monday through Friday. Several workers in captol offices made special effort to get on the Job early Friday morning in order to impress their new big boss. When they arrlTMl at about 8; is, aglow with pride in bdng early, they learned that Governor Sanford was already at his desk, digging Into the routine of the day s wwk.'

NO gPECIAL-One of the firsT requests Governor Sanford made of newsmen covering the inauguration and he said it applied to subsequent events as well, was that his children, Betsy and Terry Jr., not be singled out for special attention. Graham Jones, press secretary who relayed the requ^, said he knew there were times when the childreh of the Oovemor, especially if they appeared with him, would be legitimate subjects for special news treatoient. Other times be wanted them treated just like any other boy and girl of comparable age.

NEWS CENTER Suggestion was made several years ago that all news releases from ^tate Departments around Capitol Square, and particularly those

keaded -by -awointedduels___

ahould go through the Governors office. There was immediate protest, both from newsmen and affected officials. The centralized'idea was never fully effectuated. Budget bureau and revenue department releases, which ' formerly had been picked up ai those offices, were distributed from the Governors office Because of that, and the further fact that Governor Hodges was the most publicity-minded chief executive in history, the table in the Governor's outer office became the chief source of *hand-out material. The practice continued after the conference and news room was fitted up in captol building quarters formerly occupied by the State ^ auditor.

Governor Sanford is the first chief executive to designate a press secretaryand "press" in this icstane-liOfiludes, radio, teevee and all other publicity media. Graham Jones office wHl be in the news room, and hand-out releases Will be found, on the big table there, rather .than in the Governors outer of-' fice. Also, as press secretary, Jones will be avilable fpf con- ' tact more readily than^his predecessors who had to wedge public relations into vacant places among all their other duties.

Policy of concentrating other departmental releases through ihis^-oifiee^ kafr-noUI^en eatab- lished. Most captol reporters like the idea, provided the releases are not censored or re-writ-, ten. and they can still have ac-cess to the primary^ sources for additional.^ information.

suggest more questions than they answer and inquiring reporters need to follow through with personal interviews to get the information to which the public is entitled.

MEET THE PRESS - What : Governor Sanfords policy will be with respect tg regular and formaljiews conferences has not been announced. During the regimes of Governors Hoey, Broughton, Cherry and Scott relations with the press were cordial but very informal. Reporters, singly or in groups, could get in to see the Governor at almost any time he was not busy with something else, but there were no set news conferences, except when-some special event required them. For most of his two-year tenure Governor Um-fitead was a sick man. and he was not very public-relationa minded.

Governor Hodges was the first chief executive to put a weekly news conference on his calendar as a major apopintment for a fixed time, canceled or changed only because of conditions beyond his control. Reporters ap-^preciated the fact that Governor Hodges respected hLs date jt^Uh them as much as any he Irnade. d'they were amused"^ and pleased at times when he brushed-off top brass in order to keep his appointment with the newsmen.

Governor Sanford, during his several campaigns, has shown the same kind of recognition of news reporters, not as individuals but as representatives of the agencies which keep the people informed about what their government officials are doing. Development of radio and television as news media required the fitting up of a specially equipped news room. Designation of a special press* secretary was a logical step,

, and centralization of new.*? releases in one place would seem to be next in order. ~

Study issues At Hand

Xh- dficisian of GreeDYiHes City Council to put to a vote of the people the matters of urban renewal and'public housing is a decision which few should find fault.

Not only are these matters of importance to Greenville, but they are likewise matters in which there is a considerable interest on the part of local -eitizensi While the decision .reached by the voters in the referendum will not be legally binding upon the city's governing board, it will reflect the wishes of the majority of the voters of the city and undoubtedly will be followed by the Council as it reaches its final decisions on the matters.

referendum of this sort, it. will be several weeks before the vote on these issues will be held. During this period citizens of Greenville should attempt to seek oWall the facts, both pro and con, concerning urban -renewftTandr fiuLlic. hnu.sing and likewie the n<^ds of the city related to these matters. In this manner the citizens will be able tp arrive at the decision which will be in the best interest of the city and its citizens as a whole.

Matters which are of sufficient importance to re-~fer to a vote of the people deserve the most careful consideration the people can give them. We urge the people of Greenville to give their most careful consideration to these issues betweCBr BOw and tba day the referendunLdaJreliL^,,,__

increase !h Costs Slamec.

By ROGER-BABSON

BABSON PARK, M&ss. I notice that Dr. Walter W. HeU-

ot the Council of- Economic AdviaBN for

By GEORGE SOKOLSKY

Standards In Education

Xopyrlght, i960; King- Features A Syndicate. Inc.

The principal value of the Kennedy Administration can be tha^ it need not base itself on the Roosevelt or Truman Administration. It can start fresh. It can " to &e Easohhbwer^'^Aiiitnis^ t ion. It can start fresh. It can start afresh in rnahy fields and correct two decades of accumulated errors, without the ^need for criticizing anyone. It can be wholly objective if it chooses to

-ber^

For instance, the new Secretary of Health, Education and Welfre need not enter into the controversy as to Federal control of education. Much has developed in that area which "avoids .the term, cxintrxiL But what is most serious is that many persons hold degrees who are unedycated; many hve won honors in a college that is as elementary as a high school. In a word, standards are not

Other Editors Saying

Recession Sians

Throwing Brake Away

All Around Us

7'

/// . 7

/

The Daily Reflector

INCORPORATED

Published Every Afternoon Except Sunday Esta*)lished 188L DAVID JULIAN WHTCHARD, Publisher

Entered at Po^ Office, Greenville. N C., an nerond elaas matter

SUBSCRIPTION RATES By Carrier (In Towns) ^ Week 30c

By Carrier f Motor Routes) Week 3Sc

Oreenvine Poet Office. Pitt County. Robersonvme. Vsnceboro Washington and Chocowlnlty

Three Months ................... 8 878

Six Months ....................... 7.00

One Year .............. 1100

North Carolina other than listed above) .

Three Months......... I 4.00

Six Months ...... 7J0

........... 14.00

All .Other Outside North Carolina

Three Months...................'.77'..,.,. I 4.E) *

Six Months ........... 8.00

On 18.00-

MEMBEB ASSOCIATED PRESS n Aaaodated Press la exclusively entitled to use for publlcatloo all news dl&atches credited to It or not otherwise credited to this paper and also the local news published herein All rights .ol pubiicatloo of special dispatches here are also reserved.

NAllDNAL ADVERTISING REPRESENTATIVES Thomas P. Clark Co., Inc New York. Chicago. .Atlanta Member .Audit Bureau of Circulation. '

All advertising copy must be received at least one day befcre pubUcatloD data. . .

By RALPH ROBEY

Those who believe we are in N a recession have many strong arguments on their side. Some of the factual points they cite are:

Gr^ national product is as broad an economic measure as any nation can have. It is the total of all goods and services produced. Since it is expressed "in Tnonetary ternis. ar change of^ price affects the total. We have an official price 'deflator, but . it "has shown little variatlon^ov^^ the past couple of years. The all-time high oL our gross national product was in the second quarter of 1960, The figure was $505 billion. Since then there has been an insignificant decline, but the total should have continued to advance and be around $525 billion by the end^of the year.

Production is measured by the , index of the Federal Reserve Board. This has extremely broad coverage and the figures are subjected to every corrective method known to statisticians. The average of' 1957 is tised as the base which means it is equal to 100, The all-time high of this index was 111 In January 1960. It drgpped a couple of points In the Spring, but in July was still 110, In Novem ber the index was 105. Again this does not amount to much percentagewise. but it is disturbing that we have not been able to get above the peak of January 1960.

Until a few months age our statistics on housing starts were collected and published by the Bureau * of. Labor Stati.stics. It was rather generally believed believed that the figures left much to be desired and the task of compiling Information was shifted to the. -Gensu^ Bureau The immediate change^ was dramatic and has continued so month after month. Now no one knows exactly what to make of the figures because they behave like a Jtimping-jack. and the housing Industry does not oper

ate in that manner. In any event it is clear that the total of housing starts is'well below 1959. Total construction appears to be at just about the 1959 level.

Emplojrment has done well during the past yeardone well in the ^sense that month after month new seasonal high has been made. But the labor force has been growing at an unysual--4y rapid rate and this has re-

(Richmond News Leader)

In the Senates renewed fight over, a filibuster rule, we are witnessing one more engagement in a struggle that mustjimpress many a casual observer as merely another combat between the South on one hand and the rest of the country on the other. The same unfortunate impression has been created by the Souths continuing protest against the Supreme Courts opinion in the school cases- ' Some of the Senates more ritualistic liberals, beating their tom-toms in the name of civil rights. are creating such a hubbub that a voice of common sense is likely to go unheard.

suited in unemployment remaining distressingly higfi. This is Tj^iouSi not only ft^ those out of work, but because we are now In the period of the year when unemployment always increases for purely seasonal reasons and. with the total rising to abgy_e_5 million In January and February, we are almost certain to get get some unfortunate legislation which will do nothing basically to help those out of work get ' jobs.

Corporate profits continue to decline. In the second quarter of 1959 corporote profits before taxes reached a peak of just short of $52 billion. The original budget estimates for this fiscal year were based upon the assumption that pre-tax profits WQlild be $51 bUJlc^ BUt such was not to be. In the first quarter they were $48.8 billion and they have been going down ever , .since. This is true both in the .aggregate and in the profit per dollar of sales.

At the start of 1960 there was a quite appreciable lessening of worry over our international def-Icitl-the difference between all that we receive from abroad and what we send abroad. The 1959 deficit was close to $4 billion,

and the better feeling arose from the conviction that for 1960 this figure would be reduced to at least $3 billion and perhaps lower. Some months ago this conviction was shattered by the start of a large gold outflow. The primary caus of the outflow w'as the .substantial difference in interest rates between (Continued on page five)

But if one argument could-be urged above all in behalf of retaining the present rule, it would be this: The figfat is not the Souths fight alone. It Ls a struggle in support of the viewpoint of a minority of the States, on any issue, at any time. Behind the liberals smokescreen of racial politics, a fundamental prinicple of American government lies obscured.

We have made this argument before, and doubtle.ss will make it many times again: The government of 'the United States does not operate on a basis of pure majority rule. If there is one principle of government shiningly clear in our history, it is that free men ought never to be subject, in their most important affairs, to the blind tyranny of the 51 per cent. The (Constitution itself is rooted firmly in the right an^ power of minorities to protect themselves from oppression.

When the South takes a position today in support .of the existing filibuster rule, a cry goes' up that the Southerners are seeking to block civil righte bills. No one would deny that aim. But there is a great deal fore to it than that. fSf'^Wie rule that permits Southern Senators to contend effectively against social legislation affecting their own region is the same-rule that wotilci benefit every

other minority of the States on some other question, some other day. %

The Senate of the United States occupies a peculiar place In our form of government. It is often misunderstood. But where the House represents the people broay, as people, the Senate represents the people narrowly and precisely, as States. In the upper chamber, the sovereign States assemble, and the Senators in a sense are ambassadors. By ancient tradition. they are entitled to use every permissible parliamentary weapon in behalf of their respective interests.

The rule that permits long-extended, debate- is not an all-

uniform and some are too low.

What ds the B; A .-represent ? Suppose a girl comes along for a teaching Job., does her B. A. represent anything* in particular? Or if she -also has an^Jid-A., does that by itself represent anythin;^ It becomes necessary to ask WTiere she jgot thesedegrees and in what subjects she majored and what tliose departments actually amount to. It is not a question of uniformity but of quality.

Those who need graduates who have specialized in mathematics, physics and chemistry also require that these men be cultured persons, with some broad knowledge of history and literature, because there is no per* 'son more dangerous than an ill-balanced learned man who knows everything about one subject and nothing about anything else. After all, Albert Einstein, the outstanding physicist of our era, was a brilliant violinist but a stupid politician. The human mind .is very, complex and no one Is gifted In every ap-plicaOdh.

There ought to be some univei^ sal standard in the United States for the various degrees that are issued by colleges and universities. A graduate, let us say, of the Harvard Law School, who made the Law Review, is trained differently and more Intensely* than a fellow who goes to a night school course somewhere. It is possible that as the years

powerful weapon: Filibusters

can be broken. Two-thirds of the Senators,^ fully agreed on the merits of a proposal, can impose their will on a dissenting one-third whenever they please. But the rule does operate, in practical effect, as a restraint on ill-considered legislation having little to commend it but popular appeal. The Civil Rights Act of last year cannot be described, for a variety of reasons, as good legislation; but because of the filibuster against it, the final act emerged as a vast.improvement over the bill rushed so precipitously to the floor. Here was a restraliit. a cooling - off, a pause to take a long view.

Do the tom-tom beaters not suppose that one day the drums may sound for them?. Is the vision of a Humphrey or a Douglas so blurred by the hypnotic grip of civil rights that they can ^sec nothing else, now or ever? Cannot they imagine a situation in which Minnesota or Illinois might be desperately concerned on a reg lonal matter Imperfectly under^ stood?

Slowly, Senators, slowly! Rule 22 is the brake on the legislative juggernaut. Fling that away, and reckless impulse may be released, sure enough, against the South. Bui where would It be turned next? And how would it be halted then?

pass, ht will do better financially or po-litiealiy than the better-trained man. That does not matter. The standard.s should be set as higfi as can be.

What does a C mean? A C in RadcUffe or Barnard is a higher mark than a B" or even an A in some very inadequate college which exists on students fees. These marks have come to mean very little compg^ratively because each college or university decides whether it is to be tough or easy. The so-called country club colleges ignore learning in fa-| vor of forming the whole man or woman which is, of course, nonsense. Precisely what development of mind, of, character, of Intellectual or nioral discipline is produced by being a hopping cheer-leader and doing a - somersault to establish the evidence of enthusiasm? /

am not a square. I do not want to spoil any kids fun. But this country needs cultivated brains. We are in trouble for lack of trained intellects. We have many specialists and experts, but too many of them are technicians without the imagination, .the Intellectual breadth which comes from a profound cultural association with the whole of human experience.

It is more important to raise ((Continued,,on Page 5)

President-elect Kennedy) is telling the American people that 1960especially the last hall was a period of recession. How- * ever, while the net earnings of many c(i>orations were off, the , gross earnings of most of these companies held up very well. -REASONS FOR POOR NET EARNINGS AND UNEMPLOY-^ MENT

Most of these corporations showed poor net earnings because they were obliged to pay higher wages or give fringes, etc., to their wage-workers when there was no increase in their efficiency or output. At the same time, the door to^hlgher prices was closed by stiff competlUon from domestic manufacturers as , well as J>y the rising flood f_ low-cost goods firom abroad.

I really feel that Dr. HeUer will have much trouble to prove that our difficulties are caused by a lack of employment opportunities. Let us face the facts ... the union leaders in this country must shoulder the lions 'share of the blame. They have priced many goods out our own and foreign markets by pushing up production costs/"I wish Dr. Heller would translate unemplo3mient into dollars. This would be the fair thing for him to do. He also should give proper allowance to apiwoprlations for relief, veterans benefits, unemployment insurance, and old age and survivors insurance.

PRESIDENTS DO NOT MAKE CONDITIONS It is true that 1960 did not roar like a lion! Those who had forecast the Roaring Sixties h%ve thus far been dlsap-pointedv-fiT-however. 3Lyei7 unfair for Dr. Heller to blame IMs on the Eisenhower Administration. Conditions make or unmake Presidents; but Presidents can do little to change the busine cyde.

Ott tte^>ther hand, if this business readjustment should continue through 1%1, and pernaps become worse, it would be very unfair for Republicans to blame it on the Kennedy Administration. Every thoughtful businessman and labOT leader knows that the trees cannot grow to the sky and that after the abnormal prosperity years since World War n a readjustment is inevitable; the l<mger it is post-poned. the worse it will be. By the way Dr. Heller, who is now 45, was only a kid in 1930, only 15 years old- Yes, and Mr. Kennedy himself was thwi only 13 years of age.

CERTAIN AREAS DESERVE ' HELP

Among the 400 cities where the leading newspapers publish Uiis weekly cdumn, some are suffering from real unemployme^ -such ms in areas hurt by - the national switch from coal to pil. Yet other sections, such as the Cape Canaveral coast of Florida, are enjoying increased employment due to development of missiles. President Kennedy will make a wise effort to relieve by temporary aid any areas submerged as a result of natural cause. A permanent cure will be difficult and will take time.

He has, fortunately, not only the unemployment and other legisla-tton passed by Congress in 1930-, 1940 but also the new small business Investment companies instituted by the late Congress.

Hence I urge Republicans to be patient and not blame the new administration for whatever I happens in 1961, Many of our Industries are dependent upon conditions abroad,in Russia, in China, and in Europe (from which I recently returned). Our export and import figures will be factors In determining business conditions in the United States.

When Mr. Eisenhower lighted the nations Christmas tree on Friday night, December 23, he appealed for aid for certain / backward nations and races irrespective of color or creed.* /He rightfully stated that, if we take our Chri.stlanlty seriously, we must be fair and generous -with all nations and religions.

My appeal at this beginning of 1961 is that both Republicans and Democrats take their Christianity seriously. That w# be fair to the President-Elect, who should not be blamed for what -happens In 1961 in Cuba, Russia, or China. The biggest thing for v> him to fear is the time when China discovers how to make an inexpensive atomic bomb.

Most ExDerisive Places To Live

Streng^tfi' For Today

By EARL L. DOUGLASS KEEP TO THE CHANNEL

A Mississippi riverboat captain once advertLsed for a pilot. A -rethef- drab ieoktftg-individual showed up and the captain proceeded to subject him to severe questioning.

* 'I suppose. said the captain, Thai

snaps in the river are? *

"Not 'ht all," replied the applicant: whereupon the captain said; How do you expect me to eniiploy you?"

The reply of the applicant was: "If you are looking for a man who knows ^here the snags are, Im not your fellow But I know where the channel is and where ,,the snags are not. and that is whefe I calculate to do my sailing.

We are enjoined today on all sides to emphasize the positive. There is a large amount of truth in this counsel. Too much .aLfinagfi,. hiddeji_r.Q<i|wL. a hundred or more things which could destroy our happiness and wreck,our health or our future. Too little do we think of the broad.xhaiuiels....tt'Mch- God pm. vides-for man to sail" in. In this channel we have depth. If we keep to the channel we have a Pilot who,, is none other than that God who made the channel.

God has a divine (destiny for evel-y one of us. The (hannel is marked. It has lus twists and turns. It is not altogether easy to .negotiate. But there are no snags there. And the purpose oP that Pilot who made the channel is that we sail on to triumph.

We were not made for defeat.

By JiLMERROE,SSNEB .

When the United States bought the Virgin Island from Denmark 43 years ago. they were called "the American Poorhouse because living standards were so low. Today, according to the Internal Revenue Service, they are the most expensive places to live in the world.

"ThF IRS' RSSTeriSigtr -Ite'schedule of living allowances for government employees outside continental United States. This schedule is important because

"Ihc iRS In rcbme'lax 'Wft^^

will accept similar living allowances by private employers to employees abroad, It will accept higher' allowances, but they may have to be justified by receipts', bills and other evidence,.

The largest allowance granted is $30 a day in the Virgin. Islands in the tourist season, from Dec. 1 through April, after'' which it drops to $20 a day.

That does not mean that everybody is iu the loot in the Vir

gin Islands. In fact, the typical rialiV'e is StlU TTOVeny stricken...,-But goveriunent employees must', compete with rich tourists for swank accommodations, hence the $3fl-a-day rate.

The next most expensive places for government workers and outsiders are Carg.cas and Maracaibo. Venezuela, where the xRS -CBlrttiates H -ASg- a

day to keep face.

These are follow^ by Riyad, Saudi Arabia; (^ata^^nd Momo-' via, Liberia, at R2 a day. and Jtran," Pertn-Riw,-af>d the Bahamas in winter,) at $24 a day. '

Lowest per diems are S6 for Afghanistan outside . of Kabul. Burma outside of-Rangoon and Mandalay. Indonesia and Poland. Soviet Ru.ssia is $16, Czechoslovakia, $12, Hungary, $7, and other ^Communist pro-vincejpk in between;

Irtfcome tax experts, auditors and prospective foreign travelers *can get the full schedule by sexuir.

Ing 20 cent to the Supeytatend-efit oI DocumehU andlSSKfiOT tori' Internal Reyenue Bulletin No. 1960-52, which containa other useful information, including the fact that the IRS has decided that three-wheeled vehicles designed for light hauling are automobile trucks and taxable accordingly.

to retiring Secretary Ezra Taft

Benson^ office. "---------

However, government rule still prohibit pumplhg.. water izi-to smoked' tongues and cooked and ready-to-eat meats. There Is no change in rules covering canned hams and other pork products, which can baVe I per cent added dew.

HAMS WILL BE JUICIER AND COST A BIT MORE

You may soon be paying 10 per cent more for smoked hams and perkr shoulders,:--The . price. will bp tfie same but the. Department ol Agriculture has ruled that 10 per cent moisture may be added to those meats under Federal Inspection.

The government explalrts that this merely puts-'Federally inspected hams on a part with otheri, since most states allow meat packers to pump water into smoked hams shoulders. Watered pork is also J ilc-ier*aad more tender, according

TAFEBTfilEar^VETTER:.

THAN GOLD FOR HOARDING Those who hedged agatoat nation of the dollar and other ..curxencle did beat . omf put their savings into Spanish. French and Flemish tapestries of the^ 15th and 16th centuries, according to Picks "World Cur-Tency Rej^R^ .

These hedges doubled in value in I960. It found. French rugs of the 17th and 18th centuries, manuscripts of the 12th to the 14th centuries, and 18th century Sevres porcelains Increased > pera cent in prices, Diamoi - . platinum and gold roe# alightly.

It .