PACE FOURTHE DAILY REFLECTOR, GREENVILLE, N. C

Frldftyi 0ecnilNii 23, 1960

Friday, December 23, 1960

Here Comes Sahta-

The Calm And Hope Of Christmas

The running, the rushing, the fever pitch of business, the whirl of social ac-tirities, the mad pace of getting ready for Christmas will end suddenly tomorrow night. Mens minds will turn froiri^ the thoughts of Christmas with its tinsel, its twinkling lights, its gaudy wiappin^.

IrLthe place of these a stilled hush will settle over the world. Adults will contemplate the meaning of that hour 20 centuries ago when the bright star came to rest over the lowly stable in Bethlehem. Even for the youngsters whose visions tomorrow night will be of Santa, the last few minutos before bedtime will bring" a read-

Party Time On Capitol Square

By LYNN NISBET

lawyersThe annual society party o the Robeson county Bar Association has cont to be of more than local significance In North Carolina. It is unique in that it attracts more members of the Supreme Court and toe Superior court bench-M than any other county bar meeting, and each year has an outstanding speaker.

It is recalled that a few years ago the late Judge John J. Parker, senior Judge of the Fourth Circuit Federal Court, delivered an address which he later repeated to toe American Bar Associa-. tion, to toe United Nations and to other international groups, and which became an important state paper.

This year the speaker was Hon. Trying E. Carlyle of Winston-Salem, who talked on the Lawyers Role of Public Service. TTt dinner was staged at toe country <dub in an atmosphere of mingled conviviality and serious thinking. At least 88.44 per cit of the attendants were lawyerincluding a flock of judgesand they understood what the man was talking about, when he said there is no real ccmflict between a lawyers duty to his client and his obligation to the public good. Because his IHlmary objective is justice.

While lawyers have had a leading role in politics and government, they have further obligations. Because the lawyer is committed to the supremacy of the law and toe rule of reason. a vital part of his calling is to see that both hmtMm rights and property rights are protected- This obligation extends beyond the courtroom and judicial process, and into toe realm of public relations. The lawyer learns early in his practice, said the speaker, that the freedom provided by democracy gives greed a chance to do* its dirty woric, therefore the lawyer must remember always that he is a guardian of liberty and a foe 0 justice.

JITTERY The Chritoas parties staged by the State government d^iartmeQts and divisions this year l^ve all the oi^ wawl appearances of good cheer normal to such occasions. At many of them is the background feeling of jitters and insecurity and uncertainty that belies toe surface cheeriness. Very few of the participants in the festivities owe toeir appointments directly to the GovMmor. But tt folks CD toe lower levels know that if toe big boss who heads the department is bumped off, they are likely to be casualties, too.

80 it is that many of these Christmas parties do not live up to toe admonition to let joy be iraconfined. Reports from most of them indicate a restraint and a reluctance on part of many participants to be too friendly to others whom they fear may be on toe way out. For that reason some of toe parties lack the

joyousness usually attendant at such affairs. But that is under the surface. For toe record, toe parties are just as free and easy as ever.

And all this week, although business is supposed to be going on as usual, letters are being answered and visitors entertained, nearly every office around Capitol Square is giving a lot of attention to Christmas, with little trees in many offices, big trees In some departments, good wishes and smiling greetings everywhere around the place.

The casual visitor would never suspect what the experienced observer can sec that there is in many instances an undercurrent of concern about what the future may hold for the employees.

COPELAND There is unavoidable speculation about the role of William Copeland as legislative counsel for Governor Terry Sanford. In three sessions of the senate and one term as member of the Advisory Budget Commission Copeland has been regarded as a high priest of the ultra conservative cult when It came to appropriating tax money.

Terry Sanford is generally regarded as a liberal in his attitude toward toe spending of tax money for public services, especially 'education. Neither des-isnation is completely true. Careful analysis of positions will show that both Copeland and Sanford have been mainly concerned about getting a dollars worth of value for the dollar spent. At toe same time, the Copeland appointment has occasioned some questions as to how enthusiastic he will be in promoting toe Sanford spending program.

The appointment follows a pattern set some years ago for Governors naming former appropriations committee chairman to handle their legisaltive programs. Governor Umstead chose FYank Taylor, who had been chairman of toe House appropriations committee. Governor Hodges picked John Larkins and Joe Eagles, both Senate appropriations chairmen. The idea seems to be that a former appropriations committee chairman should know how best to get appropriation bills' through the committee and the Legislatureand the heart of any administration program is the proper allocation of tax coUected money.

None of those who have served with William Copeland in prior sessions of the General Assembly will question his ability to put across his ideas about how tax money should be spent. He Is capable in debate and sillful in diplomacy, and has the respect and confidence of his former colleagues. These are essential qualifications for his post as liaison man between the executive and legislative branches.

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ing of the Christmas Story from Luke: the birth of the Lord, the singing of Angels, the quiet vigil of lowly shepherds and the long journey of wise men. Youngsters too will sense the change, and in their young minds and hearts they will see something brighter than the glittering tree, something more hopeful than the waiting stockings.

It is an evening with a calmness all its own that is annroaehed by no other night in the year. The feeling of brotherhood^ among men steeps through the hearts of all races and nestles snuglv near the soul of mankind. The peace that stillefl tv* earth on the night of Christs birth holds sway in the minds of men.

In the stillness and meditation adults withdraw from the glitter and gaietv of the occasion as did the shenherd.s 2.000 years ago to contemplate that which hi>s come to pass: that which has been made known to them. Each retreats to his own thoughts to reflect upon the h;rth of the Lord and its meaning for his life, his generation and the world in which he lives.

Men feel close to God in those hoTir<5, and close to His Son. the Child of the stable whose birth was attended not by kings and nrinces. lords and mighty warriors, but by the Angels.

The miracle of the birth of the Savior brings with it new miracles in those hallowed hours of each Christmas Eve. The haughtiness and arrogance of man is replaced by humility and genuine gratitude. The selfishness and the intolerance which are exemplified so freauently in mans actions suddenly drop awav as the leaves of a tree before an unseen breeze. The tensions, the fears that fill so much of life are renlaced bv the calmness and hone seen in the tme Snirit of Chn'tmas.

It is our prayer that the Star of Bethlehem which guided those first humans to the manger will lead ench man, each woman, each child to the fullest meaning of fhis Christmas Season.

Merry Christmas.

Rusk Wont Be Ake Sec. Dulles

By JAMES MARLOW

WASHINGTON CAP) A lot less talking a lot less traveling.

Those will prolMibly be two basic differences between the way the late Secretary of State John Poster Dulles handled foreign affairs and the way Dean Rusk, who will take office as secretary next January, will do his job.

Theres another: Rusk appears to be more of a teamplayer than Dulles, who ran a one-man show.

Right at the beginning of 1953 the nation got an early insight although this wasnt realized at the time into bow President Eisenhowers new secretary, Dulles, would operate.

Rusk, President-elect John F. Kennedys hand - picked secre-'tary, has already perhaps given an early insight into his ideas on running the State Department. If so, they are quite different from Dulles.

Only six days after taking office on Jan. 21. 1953, DuUes was making a report on Eisenhowers foreign policy before it had even begun.

It set the pattern for many similar reports and public pronouncements to follow in the next six years before Dulles died May 24, 1959.

Only nine days after taking office he dashed overseas for a 10-day European survey. This set a pattern, too. Dulles made so many overseas trips he became far and away the most traveled secretary of state In history.

But this traveling brought him a lot of criticism on grounds like these:

1. That he should have spent fax more time in Washington, thinking about foreign policy and listening to advisors. Instead of racing around the world to attend to details and negotiations

Strength For Today

By EARL L. DOUGLASS WITHOUT HIM DARKNESS

I am the light of the world Astronomers teU us that beyond the pathway of the suns rays, outer space is characterized by darkness of such intensity that human imagination cannot picture it. What is true of the physical world is even more true of the spiritual. Beyond those rays of revelation which God has given us by a disclosure of Himself and supremely in the ministry, death, rising, and ascension of Jesus Christ, there is impenetrable darkness-Jesus Christ came to bring light. Jesus Christ himself was light. He was the coming into human life of those aspects of almighty God which man can understand and use. Without him

all is hopeless. With him, in spite of the overwhelming challenge of human life and the immensity of that creation of which we are a part, all Is hope.

We should also recall at this time of year two other things w'hlch Jesus said about himself. One was that he is the Bread of Life. He not only reveals God to the individual soul but brings nurture and sustennce Another thing he said about himself was that he was the Door and that by him if any man enter in he would be saved. Thus at this season ot the year we are thinking about the birth of wie apart from whose coming numan life is dreadful to behold and hard to andure But with him. and in him is Light and Life./

Who Is

OH/r 1 almost Foneori A VER/ SPECIAL

MERRY CHRISTMAS)

^o You/^y

S]nadie*te, Inc.

By DON SCHLIENZ

^Elmotiness In The House

If you have small children, youll understand what I mean: Once you get used to them, Us awfully quiet around toe house when they are gone.

Even after they have been put to bed you are mightily aware of their presence. . . always something to pick up. or you speak in hushed tones, or the phonograph or sound on the TV set is turned low. But when

they are spending the night away from home there is an unfamiliar emptiness in the house.

Wednesday afternoon the Missus took our pair over to their uncle Jimmies and aunt Thelmas . farm. It was a prearranged deal; a sort of prolonged baby-sitting operation.

Of course the kids were delighted. . . .the boy tried to

Other Editors Saying .. No Status In Court

subordinates could have handled.

2. That his apparent feeling he had to handle everything personally showed little confidence in his ambassadors abroad and his staff at home. Instead of teamwork, the State Department wound up wito a one-man operation.

Dulles was a dominant man, and Eisenhower relied on him tremendously- Dulles was already a national figure in the foreign field before he took office. Rusk is hardly known to toe public.

Therefore, it would be unusual if Rusk attempted to start out with the same take-charge air that Dulles showed. Rusk doesnt seem to approve of traveling around anyway.

He said too much personal travel can get to be a bad habit On Dec. 12, when Kennedy appointed him. Rusk was asked by newsmen if he had any very early travel plans He said no.

Nor does he seem anxious to start making public pronouncements about foreign policy problems in a hurry.

He told the same reporters on the same day when asked his foreign policy views: I think It would be wiser for me not to get into specific questions on policy matters. . .at this time.

Rusk, judging from what he reportedly thought before being named secretary, doesnt minimize the role of toe secretary of state In foreign policy but considers the role of the president in that field as of the first importance.

This attitude may explain in part why Kennedy picked him after looking over the field of likely praspects for the job It seems clear from Kennedys conduct he intends to be boss in both domestic and foreign problems.

(Henderson Dispatch)

Since results of lie detector tests have no official status in court, it would seem that the furor over the examination which Boyd Payton underwent last week is of itself ^thout too much significance.

The former textile union official at first declined to submit to the test, then a few days later said he wanted it, although against the advice of his attorney. Just why hd changed his mind so suddenly was not explained that we ever observed. *

Some months ago Payton went to Washington and had a similar examination, and reports on the results were that his claims of innocence in the' conspiracy case here, in which he was convicted and for which be was sent to prison, were substantiated. The one in Raleigh last week, made by a reputed expert from outside the State, was unfavorable, and the examiner all but accused the prisoner of false statements^ with the opinion that he appeared to be guilty of the charges against him, so far as tots device could reveal.

In view of the fact that the courts do not recognize this procedure. its effect, for or against any individual, can only be psychological. If the reaction is favorable to the prisoner, he makes the most of it. If the opposite, the prosecution takes comfort in the finding.

Paytons lie test last week was decidedly to his disadvantage. His attorneys and officials of the union are, therefore, denouncing the procedure- Undoubtedly they would have used It as a lever designed to spring him had it gone the other way. Little has been heard from the prosecution, other than the presumption that the convictlpn was correct and proper, from toeir viewpoint.

It is not difficult to find those who concede that the evidence

produced at the trial was weakest as it related to the union official. But the jurys verdict was one of guilty. That was concurred in by the State Supreme Court, and the U. S. Supreme Court declined to review the case, which was equivalent to affirming the lower judgment.

Twice Governor Hodges refused appeals for clemency for all eight of the men convicted in the conspiracy case. The State Board of Paroles Tefused to recommend it. And now toe lie test, to which Payton submitted vol-LUitarily and without coercion, goes against him. His attorneys, however, say they have not finished with tbelr efforts to free him from the prison sentence. What their next move may be has not been revealed.

Transition from his former role as an executive of the textile union to that of a felon in State* Prison is difficult. Adjustment to such a status would be an ordeal of the first magnitude for any individual, as it Is for him. The emotional change in the life of any person is tremendous. That in itself may have been a factor in Paytons request for the test after he at first refused It.

The prisoner has powerful forces at work in his behalf. But the courts have spoken, as they have in countless other cases, ad in many of which support of the character behind him has been lacking.

The lie detector examination Is not infallible. Absolute accuracy is not claimed for it, although it would have been relied upon heavily had the results been all in Paytons favor. It would have been represented as substantiating his claim of innocence. Regardless of the move, however, a nmning fire of agitation may be expected, and other claims and arguments will most likely be heard not too long hence and even after that.

Opinions In Brief

The farmer is no-/ one of the poorest paid worke s in the nation and has for years been the target of all other pressure groups to constantly cut farm incont and in turn raise prices of articles the farmer must buy. CarapbeHsvllle (Ky.) News-Journal.

The fellow who laughs last may laugh best, hut he gets the reputation of being pretty dumb.Arapa (Colo.) News.

inis

coax his mother into making it a two-night stay, which our plans didnt include at all.

The supper table (ours) seemed immoderately peaceful and orderly that evening. And whien I returned" from a little extra work at the office, the house seemed too big and deadly quiet. Too, it seemed odd at bedtime to omit the custMnary checking to see they hadnt kicked their covers off, or too much space wasnt being given to dolls or books or such, in their beds.

Breakfast was even more depressing.

All we did was eat. No babbling or feuding or distractions from two empty chairs; no discourses on what toeir favorite cereal would do for them, no suggestions we couldnt afford to pass up the premiums offered by cer-manufacturera . . . .pretty dull.

The raio was playing an occasional Yuletide recording, but with no young voices volunteering toeir opinions on what Santa was going to Inring them (they have that fever), the radio might just as well have been playing marches.

Leaving for toe (rffice gave some relieve because there was ample distraction on tap (or the day.

Later, returning home, it was good to encounter a more familiar atmosphere. The chattering sounded good, the whole house was filled by toe returnees which is remarkable in itself, because they are very small people.

As time goes, our boy and girl havent been with us Very long; but as I told their mother, I guess well just have to keep them.

What did we ever do befora the children came along?

Rerson?

By GEORGE E. SOKOLSKY Copyright, 1960, King Features ^dicate. Inc.

The anfi-Castro Cubans have been tolling me for more than six months that an official of the State Department, William Arthur Biontonegro, is responsible for the success of Fidel Ckstro.

But the State Department records do not show the employment of. a William Arthur Moi^e-negro. Is this .a personality with two names? Docs a person Who has an effective voice in determining American policy in Latin America. go by two names? Latin Ameriqan Communists know of two men by toe name of Monten^o, one who is actually a CcHxmaunist PIrty member; another who waa very sympatlttlc to the par^. Both were journalists.

T1S is a case for Robert Kennedy, 'toe on - c(niiig Attorney General, a tough

Mick who is not likely to look on a eover-up very fcindly. HLs book. The jemy Within. establishes that he kegards the Department of Justice with a jaundiced eye because It has lost too many cases in the courts which adequate preparation should have won. Searching for Montenegro ought not to be difficult. No matter what name he employs, toe record of bow things were made easy for ^ Castro by the government of the United States will lead directly to a case which, if properly prepared, will make prevloua cases look very mild., indeed.

William Arthur Montenegro under that name and imder anotoer name wrote for toe Havana Post froan 1933 to 1937. That ia a good place to start If anyone needs a tip. There are a^tlclie In that newspaper which were contributed by such a perMm.

The State Department has a technique fw covering up and for evading scandals. When a State Department official goes wrong or is caught with bibody hands, the trick is to send him to other parts of the world, far from news centers until thase who are interested forget about him, get interested in something else, or die. Then the career official who went away may return to Washington.

But the Cuban story win not die down. Too many Cubans have been robbfd of tbeir homes. Too many Americans have IcKtt their businesses. Too many Latin Americana fear the . Ctommunlst menace. They are after WUllam Arthur Montenegro, by wue he has

gone In the State Department. They know who be is and toej-will not rest, no nfattm' to what embassy n gEuippe,*.toe 'SVite Department sends him.

Were there such a committee as Senator McCiarran or Senator Joseph McCartoy headed, there would be an investigation * of major magnitude and it wcaild be out in toe open. Senator PullMight la inslatent that toe State Department depend upon especially-trained men, eureer men, those who prepare themselves for the Foreign Service and stay in it as a life work. Therefwe, it is up to Senator Fulbright to investigate William Arthur Montenegro by whatever name he has g(me in toe State Department for nearly two decades. Also they would want to know precisely what incom-pleted ednca^onal preparatKm this person had for a State Department career.

How i it pOfiSil:^ for a person to enter upon a Atate Department career 'witiKxit training, with a record of only one year in college and* an tocinnpl^ed pre-medical course? What goes on in that very choice depart-meitt of government?

On this subject, thre ought to be a public hearing and the first three men who ought to testify In public should be Robert Hill. American ambassador to Mexico, Arthur Gardner, American ambassador to Cuba, Earl E. T. Smith. American ambassador to Cut>a. These men should be required to tell publicly, under oath, what their personal experience has been in the C^tro matter and what their experience has been with the State Department, and what reports they sent to the Depart ment warning of the perils in Latin America and how toeir warnings were ignored. It (Continued on page 5)

Some More About Moonlighting

By ELMElR ROESSNER

The moonlighting problem threatens to bother every city, county and state. It has alaready concerned New York City to the extent that police have been forbidden to accept after-hours, or moonlight, work.

Moonlighting is also a problem for nongovernmental employers and unions. Government figures indicate that 3.500.000 persons hold two or more jobs. Thus, if moonlighting were prohibited, the unemployment problem would all but disappear.

Curiously, unions have up to this point largely fought for moonlighting. Many labor contracts expressly provide that employers may not object to work outside of regular hours as long as the extra work does not affect the fml p?rforma"ce of the primary Job. And now untons are finding that their very broadmindedness is hurting them. A schoolteacher working behind a lunch counter evenings may be keeping a union waiter out of a Job.

BLOWING OVERTIME

Theres another union bind: many moonlighters will work In non-uiiion establishments, or

work below union rates. A frequent complaint is that moonlighters blow the overtime; that is, when a manufacturer needs 10 hours of production to fill schedules, moonlighters wlU work two hours a night, thereby depriving the regular workers of two hours of overtime at premium rates.

But cities, counties and .state.i have an even more complicated problem with moonlighting. Many encourage it. Summer resort communities find it much cheaper to hire otherw'lse - employed individuals to work part time as police, firemen or lifeguards Even larger cities save taxes by hiring people during lunch and after quitting hours to handle traffic or relieve regulars Ah a rough guess; one-third of all school bus drivers are moon-lightlnv. even though they work in daylight.

PRO MOONLIGHTING

Governmental divisions often favor moonlighting because:

1. They operate on the principle that a man's off-time is his own. and that any attempt to regulate U would be illegal, or would make the government responsible for pay for the off houis.

2. P(^ce, fire and other city employees need more money to meet inflated prices, and U is cheaper on taxpayers to allow them to hold off-time jobs than

to pay them what they are worth.

3. Personal problems, such as operations or deaths, impose added burdens on civic employees and, unless they are permitted to moonlight, welfare agencies must help them meet expenses.

4. City employees are highly trained and taxpaying merchants would be angered if forbidden to hire trained policemen. firemen and teachers. RYE OR BOURBON?

The reasons against moonlighting by city and state employees :

1 They would monopolize most extra jobs, since few employers would turn down, say, an electrical Inspector for a part-time job. Would you dare hire a teen-ager to shovel your snow if a policeman was there looking for the job?

2. Tnere mnv be conflict of interests- For example, would policemen hired for part-time, jobs by a brewery enforce traffic

laws against brewers* trucks?

A policeman tentUng bar after hours may not Involve conflict of interest, but it would probably stir criticism, observes Municipal Personnel Administration, neyrly published by the International City Managers Association.

3. Moonlight pay can be .a form of what cops call honest graft. Instead of bribing a cop or inspector, it may be Indict* ment-iH*oof to hire him to check the brakes on the bribers car.

4. City employees, however honeat, may be less efficient on their jobs if they have spent part of the night on other labors.

5. Moonlighting tends to traz-quillze toe fact that dty, county and state officials are stlU being paid substandard wages in most jurisdictions. Even though local taxes are rising, many of these employees are still telng paid less than they can earn in non-governmeq^l jcrtss.

And for those resMm, moonlighting will be a growing problem in your communi^ and, In the end, will probably cause you to pay more taxes. The comfort: you may get mere lot' your money.